上海市奉賢區(qū)2020-2021學(xué)年高二英語下學(xué)期期末調(diào)研測試試題滿分：140分I.ListeningComprehensionSectionAonce.After:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.A.OnlyA.Onlytheman.B.Onlythewoman.C.Boththemanandthewoman.D.Neitherthemannorthewoman.2.A.Thesameprice.B.Differentprices.C.Thesamecolor.D.Thesamesize.3.A.Christinahasgonehome.B.Christinafeelsathomethere.C.She'sknownChristinaalongtime.D.ShejustmetChristina.4.A.20.B.25.C.18.D.36.5.A.It'ssnowy.B.It'scloudy.C.It'shot.D.It'sfine6.A.Thecinema.B.Theartcenter.C.Thedininghall.D.Thetheatre.7.A.Itwasn'topenonSundays.B.Itsopeninghadbeenpostponed.C.ItwasgoingtoclosebeforeSunday.D.Itdidn'tdeservethepraiseitreceived8.A.Thegalleryisagoodplacefortheexhibition.B.Preparingfortheexhibitionwon'tbeeasy.C.Themanisn'ttellingthetruthabouttheoffer.D.Themanismakingabaddecision.9.A.Spendingmoretimeonsightseeing.B.Visitingthecitywithagroup.C.Touringthecityonafineday.D.Takingthemanwithheronthetour.10.A.Theairwillbecleaneriftheygotoanothercity.B.It'llsoonbetoolatetocontrolthepollution.C.Societywillnotpayattentiontothenewlaws.D.Thesituationwillimproveifchangesaremade.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwopassagesandonelongerconversation.Aftereachpassageorconversation,youwillbeaskedseveralquestions.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11.A.Apoliceman.B.Afireman.C.AdoctorD.Abusinessman.12.A.Turnontheradio.B.Getupearly.C.CallJohnrightaway.D.Watchthelivenews.13.A.Joewantedtobecomeamillionaire.B.BothJohnandJoediedonSept.11.C.Thefatherdiedofstomachcancereventually.D.Johnwantedtobeafirefighterbecauseofayounglady.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.14.A.Thenumberoffishincreasesgreatly.B.Thereefs(礁)don'tmakeanywarningsounds.C.ThelevelofCO2inseawaterincreases.D.Variouskindsofsealifeareattractedtothereefs.15.A.Bythesoundsothersealifemakes.B.BythesmellsotherfishleaveC.Bythelightsotherfishgiveoff.D.Bythewavesothersealifesends.16.A.Theywillavoidswimmingnearreefs.B.Theyaresurroundedbyenemies.C.Theycan'tfindtheirwayhome.D.Theycan'tactwiselyforweakenedsenses.Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.17.A.She-hasrecentlydoneherhairandlooks-fantastic.B.Shewasrecommendedasacandidateforanaward.C.She'soccupiedinissuingawardstotheprizewinners.D.Shewasproudofherrecentchangeinherpublicimage.18.A.Becausehedidn'treceivepositivereviews.B.BecauseheknewthewomanwasbeingpoliteC.Becausehispreviousnovelwasmuchbetter.D.Becausehisworkwasmorehumorousthangreat.19.A.Johnwasanattractiveman.B.Johnwasdevotedtohisbusiness.C.JohnwasgoodatcatchingthievesD.Johnenjoyedsharinghisweddingphotos.20.A.Therobberwasarmedwithaknife.BTherobberyoccurredatthehairdresser's.C.Themanhelpedcatchtherobberbycoincidence.D.Themanwasinaparkwhentherobberyhappened.Ⅱ.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.FlyingHighBarringtonIrvingmadehishistoricflightandfoundedaneducationalnon-profit-makingorganization.Hismessageforkids:“Theonlything____1____separatesyoufromscientistsisdetermination,hardworkandastronglikingforwhatyouwanttoachieve.”Thesecret,hebelieves,ishavingadreaminthefirstplace,andthatstartswithlearningexperiencesthatinspirekidstobuildcareers.ThemomentofinspirationforIrvingcameattheageof15inhisparents'bookstore.Onecustomer,aprofessionalpilot,askedIrving____2____he'dthoughtaboutbecomingapilot.“ItoldhimIdidn'tthinkIwassmartenough;butthenextdayhetookmetothecockpitofthecommercialairplaneheflewandthenI____3____(hook).”____4____(follow)hisdream,IrvingturneddownafootballscholarshiptotheUniversityofFlorida.Hewashedairplanestoearnmoneyforaflightschoolandincreasedhisflyingskillsbypractisingathomeona$40flightsimulator(模擬)videogame.Thenanotherdreamtookhold:flyingalonearoundtheworld.Hefacedmorethan50rejectionsforsponsorship____5____convincingcompaniestodonateaircraftcomponents.Hetookoffwithnoweatherradar,nodeo-icingsystem,andjust$30inhispocket.“IliketodothingspeoplesayIcan'tdo.”After97days,26stopsanddozensofthunderstorms,hetoucheddownto____6____cheeringcrowdinMiami.“Itwasseeingsomanyyoungpeoplewatchingandlistening____7____pushedmeintogivingbackwithmyknowledgeandexperience.”Irvinghasbeendoingiteversince.Hesetuphisnon-profit-makingorganization,ExperienceAviation,____8____(mean)toincreasethenumberofyouthinaviationandscience-relatedcareers.Kidsattendprogramdealingwithhands-onroboticsprojectsandflightsimulatorchallenges.“Wewanttocreatechancesforstudents____9____theycanaccomplishsomethingamazing,”henotes.PerhapsIrving's_____10_____(powerful)educationaltoolistheexamplehisownlifeprovides.Afterlandinghisrecord-breakingflightatage23,hesaid.“EveryonetoldmeIwastooyoung,thatIdidn'thaveenoughexperience,strength,orknowledge.TheytoldmeitwouldtakeforeverandI'dnevercomehome.Well,guesswhat?”1.that2.whether/if3.washooked4.Tofollow5.before6.a7.that8.meant9.sothat10.mostpowerful【分析】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了巴林頓·歐文進(jìn)行了他歷史性的飛行，并建立了一個(gè)非營利性的教育組織。文章講述了他的個(gè)人經(jīng)歷以及對(duì)教育的看法?！?題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：你和科學(xué)家的唯一區(qū)別是決心、努力和對(duì)你想要取得的成就的強(qiáng)烈渴望。此處為定語從句修飾先行詞thing，先行詞在從句中作主語，指物，且由theonly修飾，只能用關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)從句。故填that?！?題詳解】考查賓語從句。句意：一個(gè)顧客，一個(gè)專業(yè)的飛行員，問歐文他是否想過成為一名飛行員。此處為賓語從句，從句不缺少成分，表示“是否”應(yīng)用whether或if引導(dǎo)。故填whether/if?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞語態(tài)。句意：但第二天，他帶我來到他駕駛的那架商用飛機(jī)的駕駛艙，我就迷上了他。根據(jù)上文“thenextdayhetookmetothecockpitofthecommercialairplaneheflew,”可知為一般過去時(shí)，主語與謂語動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，主語為I，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。故填washooked。【4題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：為了實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的夢想，歐文拒絕了佛羅里達(dá)大學(xué)的橄欖球獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金。follow在句中應(yīng)用非謂語動(dòng)詞形式，此處為不定式作目的狀語，句首單詞首字母要大寫。故填Tofollow。【5題詳解】考查介詞。句意：在說服公司捐贈(zèng)飛機(jī)部件之前，他面臨了50多次贊助拒絕。結(jié)合句意表示“在……之前”，后跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語，應(yīng)用介詞before。故填before?！?題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：經(jīng)過97天，26次停留和幾十次雷雨，他在邁阿密的歡呼人群中著陸。crowd為可數(shù)名詞，此處表泛指應(yīng)用不定冠詞，且cheering是發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭的單詞，應(yīng)用a。故填a?！?題詳解】考查狀語從句。句意：看到這么多年輕人在觀看和傾聽，促使我用自己的知識(shí)和經(jīng)驗(yàn)去回報(bào)社會(huì)。引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句，表示“如此……以至于……”應(yīng)用so…that…。故填that?！?題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：他成立了非盈利組織“體驗(yàn)航空”，旨在增加從事航空和科學(xué)相關(guān)職業(yè)的年輕人的數(shù)量。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知mean在句中應(yīng)用非謂語動(dòng)詞形式，與邏輯主語ExperienceAviation構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用過去分詞,bemeanttodosth.“照理/應(yīng)該做某事”。故填meant?！?題詳解】考查狀語從句。句意：他指出：“我們希望為學(xué)生創(chuàng)造機(jī)會(huì)，讓他們能夠成就一些了不起的事情?！币龑?dǎo)目的狀語從句，表示“以便，結(jié)果是”應(yīng)用sothat。故填sothat?！?0題詳解】考查最高級(jí)。句意：也許歐文最有力的教育工具是他自己的生活提供的榜樣。結(jié)合句意表示“最有力的”可知應(yīng)用形容詞最高級(jí)。故填mostpowerful。SectionBDirections:Fillineachblankswithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.riseB.decisionsC.worthD.promotingE.powerF.shiftedG.reliantH.promisedI.surveyingJ.postK.connectInarecentNewYorkercartoon,ahotelclerksaystotwocustomers,“Ifthere'sanythingwecandotomakeyourstaymorepleasant,justboastingaboutitallovertheinternet.”Itisahumoroussatireonthepopularviewthatonlineconsumershaveconsiderable____11____.Afewstrongwordsonanonlinereviewsitecanmakeabusinesschangeitsoperationmodeorgobankrupt.And,infact,onlinereviewsiteshavevastlychangedthewaypeoplemakeconsumer____12____.ReviewsitessuchasYelp,AmazonandTripAdvisorofferawiderangeofopinions.Bycombiningthemtogether,consumerscanknowmoreabouttherealqualityand____13____ofaproductorservice.Whenreviewsitesstartedappearing,they____14____opportunitiestobothbusinessesandshoppers.Areviewsiteallowedsmallbusinessesto____15____withmillionsofindividuals.Onestudyfoundthataone-star____16____inYelpratingsledtoafivetoninepercentincreaseinrevenue.Forconsumers,too,thereviewsitesofferednewopportunities.Asmoreshoppinghas____17____onlinefrombrick-and-mortarstores,consumershavebecomemore____18____onthefeedbackofothercustomerstomaketheirpurchasingdecisions.Andtherearereviewsitesfornearlyeverythingthesedays—fromtravelaccommodationstobargainshopping.Butatthesametime,thedrawbacksarebecomingexposed.Foronething,thereviewscanturnasimplepurchaseintoaresearchproject.Buyingsomethingasbasicasawaterbottleonlinenowinvolves____19____adozenbrands.Onlyasmallpercentageofcustomersactually_____20_____productreviewsonline.Ina2014study,MIT'sresearchersfoundthatoneinevery15reviewsofanitemisinfactwrittenbypeoplewhohaven'tpurchasedit.Theproblemisthattheother985customersrelyonthereviewswrittenbyeveryoneofthese15people.11.E12.B13.C14.H15.K16.A17.F18.G19.I20.J【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了在線評(píng)論網(wǎng)站已經(jīng)極大地改變了人們做出消費(fèi)決定的方式。評(píng)論網(wǎng)站承諾給企業(yè)和消費(fèi)者提供機(jī)會(huì)，允許小企業(yè)與數(shù)百萬個(gè)人建立聯(lián)系，也給消費(fèi)者提供了新的機(jī)會(huì)?！?1題詳解】考查名詞。句意：這是對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)消費(fèi)者擁有相當(dāng)大力量這一流行觀點(diǎn)的幽默諷刺?？仗幾髻e語，表示“力量”應(yīng)用名詞power，為不可數(shù)名詞。故填power。故選E?！?2題詳解】考查名詞。句意：事實(shí)上，在線評(píng)論網(wǎng)站已經(jīng)極大地改變了人們做出消費(fèi)決定的方式。空處作賓語，表示“決定”應(yīng)用名詞decision，前文沒有冠詞，表示數(shù)量大于一應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填decisions。故選B。【13題詳解】考查名詞。句意：通過將兩者結(jié)合在一起，消費(fèi)者可以更多地了解產(chǎn)品或服務(wù)的真正質(zhì)量和價(jià)值?？仗幾髻e語，表示“價(jià)值”應(yīng)用名詞worth。故填worth。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：當(dāng)評(píng)論網(wǎng)站開始出現(xiàn)時(shí)，它們承諾給企業(yè)和消費(fèi)者提供機(jī)會(huì)。根據(jù)后文“opportunitiestobothbusinessesandshoppers”可知，空處作謂語，表示“承諾”應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞promise，根據(jù)上文“Whenreviewsitesstartedappearing”可知為一般過去時(shí)。故填promised。故選H?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：一個(gè)評(píng)論網(wǎng)站允許小企業(yè)與數(shù)百萬個(gè)人建立聯(lián)系。根據(jù)后文“withmillionsofindividuals”結(jié)合句意表示“與……聯(lián)系”可知短語為connectwith。故填connect。故選K?！?6題詳解】考查名詞。句意：一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，Yelp評(píng)分的一星上升會(huì)帶來5%到9%的收入增長?？仗幾髦髡Z，表示“上升”應(yīng)用名詞rise，冠詞a提示用單數(shù)。故填rise。故選A。【17題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：隨著越來越多的購物從實(shí)體店轉(zhuǎn)向網(wǎng)上，消費(fèi)者在做出購買決定時(shí)越來越依賴其他顧客的反饋。根據(jù)后文“onlinefrombrick-and-mortarstores”以及句意“轉(zhuǎn)向”可知應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞shift，結(jié)合上文has可知為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。故填shifted。故選F?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：隨著越來越多的購物從實(shí)體店轉(zhuǎn)向網(wǎng)上，消費(fèi)者在做出購買決定時(shí)越來越依賴其他顧客的反饋?？仗幾鞅碚Z，表示“依賴”應(yīng)用形容詞reliant。故填reliant。故選G。【19題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：現(xiàn)在，在網(wǎng)上購買像水瓶這樣的基本商品需要調(diào)查十幾個(gè)品牌。結(jié)合語境表示“涉及做某事”可知短語為involvedoingsth.。故填surveying。故選I?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：只有一小部分顧客會(huì)在網(wǎng)上發(fā)布產(chǎn)品評(píng)論。結(jié)合后文以及句意“發(fā)布”可知應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞post，作謂語，此處為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語為Onlyasmallpercentageofcustomers，謂語動(dòng)詞用原形。故填post。故選J。III.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.ItdidtakemequiteawhiletostartnoticingDr.YuvalNoahHarari’swell-receivedbook:Sapiens:ABriefHistoryofHumankind(人類簡史).IboughtthebookafterIheardDouWentao(arenownedTVhose)mentionitonhispodcast,andtobefrank,Ireadthefirstchapterwithlittle____21____.ButitturnedouttobethebestbookIreadin2017.WhileIwasimmediately_____22_____thebookkeptevolvingasIreadit.Thebookbeganwithabriefintroductionofthelivesandactivitiesoftheearliestproto-humans(原始人)---Neanderthals(尼安德特人),Homoerectus(直立人)andearlyHomoSapiens(智人)---andthen____23____anexaminationofwhyitwastheHomosapiens,afterhundredsofthousandsofyearsofsurvivingbutprettymuchexistinginthemiddleofthefoodchain,____24____rocketedtothetopofitwithoutanysignificantgeneticchanges,conqueredmultipleclimates,andeventuallydomesticatedtheworldaroundthemfromfarmanimalstocrops.AndHarariincludesaninterestingbutfairly____25____argumentaboutthetruenatureofourrelationshiptoourmostnecessarycrop---wheat.Thinkforamomentaboutthe____26____Revolutionfromtheviewpointofwheat.Tenthousandyearsagowheatwasjustawildgrass,oneofmany,confinedtoasmallrangeintheMiddleEast.Allofasudden,withinjustafewshortmillennia,itwasgrowingeverywhere.Sohowdidthisgrassturnfrominsignificanttoubiquitous(到處存在的)?Wheatdiditbymanipulating(操縱)Homosapienstoitsadvantage.Thisapehadbeenlivingafairlycomfortablelife____27____andgatheringuntilabout10,000yearsago,butthenbeganto____28____moreandmoreeffortincultivatingwheat.Then,humansinmanypartsoftheworldweredoinglittlefromdawntodusk____29____takingcareofwheatplants.However,thebodyofHomosapienshadnotevolvedforcultivatingwheat.Thereforehumanspines,knees,necksandarchespaidtheprice.Moreover,thenewagriculturaltasksdemandedsomuchtimethatpeoplewereforcedtosettle_____30_____nexttotheirwheatfields.Thiscompletelychangedtheirwayoflife.Wedidnot_____31_____wheat.It’stheotherwayaround.Oneofthemostimportantandsustainedideasrunningthroughthebookisthatwhatultimately_____32_____Homosapiensfromallothercreatures---othermammals,otherapes,andevenother“humans”likeNeanderthals---wasnotouropposablethumbsorsomeother_____33_____standards,butinsteaditwasourabilitytogenerate(生成),believeinandactuponwhatYuvalNoahNararicalls“myths”or“_____34_____”(essentiallyideasandculturalinstitutions),particularlyonalargescaleandcollectivebasis,whicheventuallytransformedusfromcreaturesthatlivedinsmall,loosely-organizedgroups(thetypicalfeatureofmostapes)toourmodernstatus.Sapiens:ABriefHistoryofHumankindisafascinatingambitiousanddifficult-to-summarizebookthatisalsojusthighly_____35_____.Soasseniorhighschoolstudents,youwon’texperiencetoomuchdifficultyfollowingtheauthor’strainofthoughts.AndIstronglyrecommendyoutoindulge(縱情于)yourselfinthiswell-writtenbook.InspiredbyYuvalNoahHarari’smind-blowingbook:Sapiens:AbriefhistoryofHumankind21.A.attention B.evaluation C.illustration D.expectation22.A.fascinated B.confused C.distracted D.uninterested23.A.turnedto B.gaveaway C.preparedfor D.wentafter24.A.naturally B.randomly C.suddenly D.hardly25.A.annoying B.touching C.embarrassing D.depressing26.A.Industrial B.Agricultural C.Cultural D.Political27.A.planting B.hunting C.trading D.wondering28.A.re B.resist C.invest D.demand29.A.regardlessof B.contraryto C.togetherwith D.otherthan30.A.permanently B.delightfully C.temporarily D.instantly31.A.consume B.grow C.domesticate D.harvest32.A.distinguished B.disqualified C.discouraged D.dissatisfied33.A.intellectual B.physical C.psychological D.moral34.A.poems B.reports C.documents D.fictions35.A.complex B.overrated C.readable D.appreciated21.D22.A23.A24.C25.D26.B27.B28.C29.D30.A31.C32.A33.B34.D35.C【分析】本文是一篇說明文，作者介紹了《智人：人類簡史》這本書的主要內(nèi)容并推薦大家閱讀?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：坦率地說，我讀第一章的時(shí)候，我沒抱太大的期望。A.attention注意力；B.evaluation估價(jià)；C.illustration圖解；D.expectation期待、期望。根據(jù)空后的“ButitturnedouttobethebestbookIreadin2017.”可知，但結(jié)果它是2017年我讀過的最好的一本書，轉(zhuǎn)折連詞But表明這個(gè)結(jié)果與我以前的想法相反，說明剛開始讀的時(shí)候我對(duì)這本書沒報(bào)太大的期望（沒想到它會(huì)是一本好書），故D項(xiàng)正確?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然我很快就被吸引住了，但這本書在我讀的過程中不斷發(fā)展（越來越精彩）。A.fascinated著迷的、被深深吸引的；B.confused迷惑的；C.distracted分心的；D.uninterested不感興趣的。根據(jù)上文中的ButitturnedouttobethebestbookIreadin2017.”可知，它是2017年我讀過的最好的一本書，因此我很快就被它吸引了，故A項(xiàng)正確?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：這本書首先簡要介紹了最早的原始人類——尼安德特人、直立人和早期智人的生活和活動(dòng)，然后轉(zhuǎn)向?qū)槭裁粗侨四軌蚺噬绞澄镯敹瞬ⅠZ養(yǎng)了周圍的世界這一問題的研究——在經(jīng)歷了幾十萬年的生存之后，智人基本上處于食物鏈的中間，在沒有任何顯著的基因變化的情況下，卻突然飛升到頂端，征服了多種氣候，并最終馴養(yǎng)了它們周圍的世界，從家畜到農(nóng)作物。A.turnedto轉(zhuǎn)向；B.gaveaway泄露；C.preparedfor為……準(zhǔn)備；D.wentafter追求。根據(jù)空前的“Thebookbeganwithabriefintroductionofthelivesandactivitiesoftheearliestproto-humans(原始人)---Neanderthals(尼安德特人),Homoerectus(直立人)andearlyHomoSapiens”可知，這本書首先簡要介紹了最早的原始人類——尼安德特人、直立人和早期智人的生活和活動(dòng)，再結(jié)合空后的“nexaminationofwhyitwastheHomosapiens”可知，介紹完這些后，這本書開始轉(zhuǎn)向?qū)槭裁粗侨四軌蚺噬绞澄镯敹瞬ⅠZ養(yǎng)了周圍的世界這一問題的研究，故A項(xiàng)正確。【24題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.naturally自然地；B.randomly隨便地；C.suddenly突然；D.hardly幾乎不。根據(jù)空后的“withoutanysignificantgeneticchanges”可知，這種變化是在沒有任何顯著的基因變化的情況下發(fā)生的，因此是突然的，故C項(xiàng)正確。【25題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：哈拉里還提出了一個(gè)有趣但相當(dāng)令人沮喪的論點(diǎn)，即我們與最需要的作物小麥之間關(guān)系的本質(zhì)。A.annoying惱人的；B.touching動(dòng)人的；C.embarrassing令人為難的；D.depressing令人沮喪的。根據(jù)空前的“interestingbut”可知與“有趣的”相對(duì)的自然是“令人沮喪的”，故D項(xiàng)正確。【26題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：讓我們從小麥的角度來思考一下農(nóng)業(yè)革命。A.Industrial工業(yè)的；B.Agricultural農(nóng)業(yè)的；C.Cultural文化的；D.Political政治的。根據(jù)空后的“fromtheviewpointofwheat”可知，小麥屬于農(nóng)作物，因此此處指“農(nóng)業(yè)革命”，故B項(xiàng)正確。【27題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這種類人猿在大約一萬年前就開始過著相當(dāng)舒適的狩獵和采集生活，但后來開始投入越來越多的精力來種植小麥。A.planting種植；B.hunting狩獵；C.trading交易；D.wondering想知道。根據(jù)下文中的“butthenbeganto____8____moreandmoreeffortincultivatingwheat.”可知此處講的是智人在種植小麥以前的活動(dòng)，再結(jié)合空后的“gathering”可知此處指“狩獵和采集”，故B項(xiàng)正確?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.re分讓；B.resist抵抗；C.invest投資；D.demand要求。根據(jù)空后的“moreandmoreeffortincultivatingwheat”可知，后來它們開始投入越來越多的精力來種植小麥，故C項(xiàng)正確?！?9題詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：那時(shí)，世界上許多地方的人類除了照料小麥以外，從早到晚幾乎什么也不做。A.regardlessof不管；B.contraryto與……相反；C.togetherwith連同；D.otherthan除了。根據(jù)空前的“doinglittlefromdawntodusk”及空后的“takingcareofwheatplants”可知此處指“除了照料小麥以外，從早到晚幾乎什么也不做”，故D項(xiàng)正確。【30題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：此外，新的農(nóng)業(yè)任務(wù)需要如此多的時(shí)間，人們被迫永久定居在他們的麥田附近。A.permanently永久地；B.delightfully快樂地；C.temporarily臨時(shí)地；D.instantly立即地。根據(jù)空前的“thenewagriculturaltasksdemandedsomuchtime”可知，新的農(nóng)業(yè)任務(wù)需要大量的時(shí)間，因此人們被迫永久定居在麥田附近，故A項(xiàng)正確?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們沒有馴養(yǎng)小麥。A.consume揮霍；B.grow種植；C.domesticate馴養(yǎng)；D.harvest收獲。根據(jù)空后的“It’stheotherwayaround.”可知，這種生活方式和人類以前的生活方式正好相反，這說明人類以前沒有馴養(yǎng)小麥，上文中的“domesticatedtheworldaroundthemfromfarmanimalstocrops”也是提示，故C項(xiàng)正確?！?2題詳解】1考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：貫穿全書的一個(gè)最重要和最持久的觀點(diǎn)是，最終將智人與所有其他生物——其他哺乳動(dòng)物、其他類人猿，甚至像尼安德特人這樣的其他“人類”區(qū)別開來的，不是我們的對(duì)生拇指或其他一些身體標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，而是我們創(chuàng)造、信仰和行動(dòng)的能力，哈拉里稱之為“神話”或“小說”（基本上是思想和文化體系）。A.distinguished區(qū)別、區(qū)分；B.disqualified取消資格；C.discouraged使灰心；D.dissatisfied使不滿意。根據(jù)空后的“Homosapiensfromallothercreatures”可知此處指“將智人與所有其他生物區(qū)別開來”，故A項(xiàng)正確。【33題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.intellectual智力的；B.physical身體上的；C.psychological心理的；D.moral道德的。根據(jù)空前的“opposablethumbs”可知，對(duì)生拇指屬于身體特征，因此此處指“身體標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”，故B項(xiàng)正確?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.poems詩；B.reports報(bào)告；C.documents文檔；D.fictions小說。根據(jù)空前的“myths”可知此處指“小說”，故D項(xiàng)正確。【35題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：《智人：人類簡史》是一本引人入勝、難以概括的書，可讀性很強(qiáng)。A.complex復(fù)雜的；B.overrated高估的；C.readable讀起來津津有味的、可讀的；D.appreciated受歡迎的。根據(jù)空前的“Sapiens:ABriefHistoryofHumankindisafascinatingambitiousanddifficult-to-summarizebook”可知，《智人：人類簡史》是一本引人入勝、難以概括的書，可讀性很強(qiáng)，故C項(xiàng)正確。本篇第1空A項(xiàng)attention的干擾性較大，有些同學(xué)會(huì)認(rèn)為我剛開始并沒有集中精力讀這本書而誤選此項(xiàng)，但根據(jù)空后的“ButitturnedouttobethebestbookIreadin2017.”可知，但結(jié)果它是2017年我讀過的最好的一本書，轉(zhuǎn)折連詞But表明這個(gè)結(jié)果與我以前的想法相反，說明剛開始讀的時(shí)候我對(duì)這本書沒報(bào)太大的期望，言外之意，我沒想到它會(huì)是一本好書，即：坦率地說，我讀第一章的時(shí)候，我沒抱太大的期望，故D項(xiàng)（expectation）正確。SectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)WhenIwasapuppy,Ientertainedyouandmadeyoulaugh.Youcalledmeyourchild,anddespiteanumberofchewedshoesandacoupleofmurderedpillows,Ibecameyourbestfriend.WheneverIwas“bad”,you’dshakeyourfingeratmeandask“Howcouldyou?”—butthenyourolledmeoverforabelly(腹部)rub.Irememberthosenightsofrubbingyouinbedandlisteningtoyoursecretdreams,andIbelievedthatlifecouldnotbeanymoreperfect.Gradually,youbeganspendingmoretimeatworkandonyourcareer,andmoretimesearchingforahumanmate.She,nowyourwife,isnota“dogperson”—stillIwelcomedherintoourhome,triedtoshowheraffection,andobeyedher.Iwashappybecauseyouwerehappy.ThenthehumanbabiescamealongandIsharedyourexcitement.Iwasfascinatedbythepinkness,howtheysmelled,andIwantedtomotherthem,too.OnlysheandyouworriedthatImighthurtthem,andIspentmostofmytimeinanotherroom.Therehadbeenatime,whenothersaskedyouifyouhadadog,thatyouproducedaphotoofmefromyourwalletandtoldthemstoriesaboutme.Thesepastfewyears,youjustanswered“yes”andchangedthesubject.Ihadgonefrombeing“yourdog”to“justadog”.Now,youhaveanewcareeropportunityinanothercity,andyouandtheywillbemovingtoanotherapartmentthatdoesnotallowpets.You’vemadetherightdecisionforyour“family”,buttherewasatimewhenIwasyouronlyfamily.Peopleintheanimalshelterareattentivetome,butIlostmyappetite.Atfirstwheneveranyonepassed,Irushedtothefront,hopingitwasyou—thatthiswasallabaddreamorIhopeditwouldatleastbesomeonewhocared,anyonewhomightsaveme.36.Howdidthedog’sownertreatthepuppywhenitwasatayoungerage?A.Heentertainedthepuppywithjokesandgestures.B.Hetreatedthepuppyasifitwereafamilymember.C.Hedisciplinedthepuppywhenitmadeamess.D.Hekeptthepuppyatadistanceforthechewedshoes.37.Whywasthepuppyexcludedfromtheroomafterthebabieswereborn?A.Thepuppywastemptedbythebabies’pinknessandsweetsmell.B.Thepuppyposesaseriousdangertothehealthandwell-beingofbabies.C.Thecouplewereconcernedthatthebabieswouldbeindanger.D.Themasterenviedthenaturalaffectionbetweenthebabiesandthepuppy.38.Whatcanweinferfromthelast3paragraphs?A.Itwashardforthepuppytoacceptthefactthatitwasignored.B.Themasterhadamixedfeelingfortheadvancementincareer.C.Thepuppyfeltrelievedforthemaster’sestablishmentofanewfamily.D.Itwasurgentforthemastertogiveupthepuppyandmovetoanothercity.39.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.AGoodHearttoLeanon B.NewMemberoftheFamilyC.TheWordsofanAbandonedDog D.AnimalShelter:theLastHomeforPuppies36.B37.C38.A39.C【分析】這是一篇記敘文。一只忠誠但被遺棄的狗在講述自己從小到大和主人在一起的點(diǎn)點(diǎn)滴滴的故事，主人對(duì)小狗疼愛有加，工作之余陪著小狗一起進(jìn)行室內(nèi)訓(xùn)練，帶著小狗一起去公園散步，騎車，吃冰激凌,慢慢地主人的工作越來越忙，小狗見證了主人娶妻生子的整個(gè)歷程，分享主人的幸福和喜悅．如今，主人要去另外一個(gè)城市從事新的工作，他們要搬到一個(gè)不允許帶寵物的公寓里去，小狗表現(xiàn)了對(duì)主人依依不舍的感情?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。由第一段“WhenIwasapuppy,Ientertainedyouandmadeyoulaugh.Youcalledmeyourchild,anddespiteanumberofchewedshoesandacoupleofmurderedpillows,Ibecameyourbestfriend.WheneverIwas“bad”,you’dshakeyourfingeratmeandask“Howcouldyou?”—butthenyourolledmeoverforabelly(腹部)rub”可知，當(dāng)我還是一只小狗的時(shí)候，我的頑皮滑稽每每惹來你發(fā)笑，為你帶來歡樂。你把我叫做你的孩子，雖然家里許多鞋子和一些靠枕都被我咬得殘缺不全，我依然是你最好的朋友。無論什么時(shí)候我干了“壞”事，你總會(huì)對(duì)我搖搖手指說：“你怎么可以這樣呢？”不過最后你都會(huì)原諒我，把我撲倒然后搓我的肚皮。所以通過小狗的回憶可以看出，小狗的主人在小狗年幼時(shí)把小狗當(dāng)家人一樣對(duì)待。故B選項(xiàng)正確?！?7題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第四段“OnlysheandyouworriedthatImighthurtthem,andIspentmostofmytimeinanotherroom.”可知，小狗的主人夫婦害怕他弄傷嬰兒，所以整天把小狗關(guān)在另一間房間里。所以是因?yàn)檫@對(duì)夫婦擔(dān)心孩子會(huì)有危險(xiǎn)。故C選項(xiàng)正確?！?8題詳解】推理判斷題。由第三段“Therehadbeenatime,whenothersaskedyouifyouhadadog,thatyouproducedaphotoofmefromyourwalletandtoldthemstoriesaboutme.Thesepastfewyears,youjustanswered“yes”andchangedthesubject.Ihadgonefrombeing“yourdog”to“justadog”.”可知，曾幾何時(shí)，人們問起你家里有沒有寵物時(shí)，你總是毫不遲疑地從包里掏出我的照片，向他們娓娓道出我的軼事。可是，近幾年有人問起同一個(gè)問題，你卻只是冷冷地回答“是”，隨即就轉(zhuǎn)向別的話題。我已經(jīng)從“你的狗兒”變成只是“一條狗”了。所以通過小狗主人態(tài)度的對(duì)比，我們能從倒數(shù)三段中推斷出小狗很難接受自己被忽視的事實(shí)。故A選項(xiàng)正確?！?9題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，一只忠誠但被遺棄的狗在講述自己從小到大和主人在一起的點(diǎn)點(diǎn)滴滴的故事，主人對(duì)小狗疼愛有加，工作之余陪著小狗一起進(jìn)行室內(nèi)訓(xùn)練，帶著小狗一起去公園散步，騎車，吃冰激凌，慢慢地主人的工作越來越忙，小狗見證了主人娶妻生子的整個(gè)歷程，分享主人的幸福和喜悅．如今，主人要得另外一個(gè)城市從事新的工作，他們要搬到一個(gè)不允許帶寵物的公寓里去，小狗表現(xiàn)了對(duì)主人依依不舍的感情。所以短文都是圍繞著“一只被遺棄的狗說的話”而展開的。故短文的最佳標(biāo)題為“一只被遺棄的狗說的話”。故C選項(xiàng)正確。通過對(duì)事物的對(duì)比或者比較是解決推理判斷題的重要解題方法，通過對(duì)事物的對(duì)比，能夠判斷出事物的不同點(diǎn)，差距等，意在突出對(duì)方的優(yōu)點(diǎn)或者缺點(diǎn)，或者判斷出作者的態(tài)度，或者反映出一定的事實(shí)。由第三段“Therehadbeenatime,whenothersaskedyouifyouhadadog,thatyouproducedaphotoofmefromyourwalletandtoldthemstoriesaboutme.Thesepastfewyears,youjustanswered“yes”andchangedthesubject.Ihadgonefrombeing“yourdog”to“justadog”.”可知，曾幾何時(shí)，人們問起你家里有沒有寵物時(shí)，你總是毫不遲疑地從包里掏出我的照片，向他們娓娓道出我的軼事?？墒?，近幾年有人問起同一個(gè)問題，你卻只是冷冷地回答“是”，隨即就轉(zhuǎn)向別的話題。我已經(jīng)從“你的狗兒”變成只是“一條狗”了。所以通過小狗主人態(tài)度的對(duì)比，我們能從倒數(shù)三段中推斷出小狗很難接受自己被忽視的事實(shí)。故小題3的正確選項(xiàng)為A選項(xiàng)。(B)PublicNoticeofSleepNoMoreShanghai1.WhatprotectivemeasuresatSleepNoMorehavebeenputinplace??Theshowareawillbecleanedwithdisinfectantthreetimesaday,includingbeforeandaftereachperformance.?Thenumberoraudiencesforeachperformancewillnotexceed75%ormaximumcapacity.?Allaudienceandstaff'membersarerequiredtowearfacemasksintheshowarea.?Toleavesufficienttimefordisinfection,thestarttimeformatinee(日?qǐng)?performanceonweekendshasbeenadjustedto14:00.2WhatdoIneedtopreparebeforetheshow?Arethereanyadjustmentstotheshow??PleaseapplyfortheShanghaiHealthCodeandcheckthatit'sgreeninadvance.?Beforeentry,thebodytemperatureofallaudiencemembersmustbetaken.?Audiencememberswillnotbeadmittedunderanyofthefollowingcircumstances:?don'twearyourfacemask;?yourShanghaiHealthCodeisinvalidornotinagreenstatus;?yourbodytemperatureisabove37.3℃;?anyothersymptomofCOVID-19isobserved.?TheMcKinnonHotel'scustomizedwillbeonsaleforaudience.3.IstheSleepNoMorecompanymonitoringthehealthstatusofitsperformersaswellasstaffmembers?AllChineseandinternationalperformersaswellasstaffmembersofSleepNoMorehavebeenquarantinedfor14dayswithnosymptoms.?Bodytemperaturesaretakenandrecordeddaily.?Anymemberofthecompanywillbeputinself-quarantineiftheyreportanysymptomsandsenttohospitalifnecessary.4.Afterbookingonline,canIcollectmypaperticketbeforehand??Tominimizerisk,itisnowpossibletocollectpaperticketsbeforethedateofshowattheboxoffice.?PleasecollectyourticketsattheSleepNoMoreboxofficeuptotwoweeksinadvance.?Audiencememberswillbeadmittedviatheirpapertickets.?Kindreminder:pleasekeepyourpapersticketsafeasitwillnotbereplacediflost.?Theboxofficewillbeopenfrom10:30to17:00sevendaysaweek.5.Afterbooking,canIgetarefundformyticketorexchangeitforanotherdate?Ifthebookedperformanceiscancelledduetoforcemajeure,ticketrefundsorexchangeswillbeavailable.Otherwise,ticketexchangeisonlyavailableunderanyofthefollowingcircumstances:?TheaudiencemembercannotcometoshowduetoCOVID-19.?Theaudiencemember'sbodytemperatureisabove37.3℃andcannotbeadmittedtoSleepNoMore.40.Whichofthefollowing