書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-中國青年政治學院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第壹套一.全考點押題密卷-綜合訓練(共50題)1.單選題

12.

問題1選項

A.Sheisn’tfeelingwell.

B.Sheisunderpressure.

C.Shedoesn’tliketheweather.

D.Sheisfeelingrelieved.

【答案】A

【解析】M:Areyouhavinganyproblemslikeweakness,fatigue,orheadaches?

W:Well,Icertainlyfeltundertheweather.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

【解析】常用習語。女士說Icertainlyfeltundertheweather，即她覺得身體不適。

2.單選題

I（

）severalinterestingfactsaboutMexicointhatbook.

問題1選項

A.cameto

B.cameinto

C.cameover

D.cameacross

【答案】D

【解析】句意:我在那本書中無意發(fā)現(xiàn)了有關墨西哥的幾個有趣的事實。

考查短語辨析。四個選項均為對應動詞短語的過去式。cometo想起，共計，蘇醒，來到;comeinto進入，得到（財產(chǎn)）；come過來，順便來訪，抓?。籧omeacross偶遇，無意中發(fā)現(xiàn)，講得清楚明白。由關鍵信息“severalinterestingfactsaboutMexico”可知D符合句意。

3.不定項選擇題

Someaccepttheirfate.Otherstrytoreasonwiththepoliceofficerwhohaspulledthemoverforsomerealorimaginedtrafficoffense.Butwhenlawenforcementisrepresentedbyacomputer-drivencamerathathasimmortalizedyourviolationonfilm—asisthecaseathundredsofintersectionsinmorethan100citiesaroundtheU.S.—it’shardtotalkyourwayoutofaheavyfine.Yetthatispreciselywhatsome300motoristsinSanDiegosucceededindoinglastweekwhenasuperiorcourtjudgerulesthatpicturestakenbytheso-calledred-lightcameraswereunreliableandthereforeunacceptable.

ThefirstU.S.Courtdecisiontorejectallthetrafficviolationscaughtoncameras;therulingbyJudgeRonaldStynhasfueleddebateoverthegrowinguseofthedevices.Policedepartmentsswear,andstudiesindicate,thattherobotcamerasdeterpeoplefromspeedingandrunningredlights.ALouHarrispollsetforreleasethisweekfindsthat69%ofAmericanssupporttheiruse.Yetatleastsevenstateshaveblockedproposalstoimplementthem,andopponents—rangingfromHousemajorityleaderDickArmeytotheAmericanCivilLibertiesUnion—arguethatthecamerasviolateprivacyandplaceprofitabovepublicsafety.

Partoftheproblemisthatvirtuallyallthedevicesinplaceareoperatedbyprivatefirmsthathandleeverythingfrominstallingthemachinerytoidentifyingviolations—oftenwithminimalpoliceoversight—andhaveanincentivetopullinasmanydriversastheycan.Thecompaniesgetpaidasmuchas$70aticket,andthetotalrevenueishardlychumpchange.SanDiegohasgotin$15.9millionlastyearandWashington$12.8million.“It’sallaboutmoney,”saysCongressmanBobBarr,aleadingcritic.Notso,insistsTerranceGainer,Washington’sexecutiveassistantchiefofpolice.“Wehavereducedfatalities.IfsomecompanyismakingmoneyoffthatthatisAmericanway.”

Criticscounterthattheremustbeother,lessintrusivewaystomakeintersectionssafer,suchaslengtheningtheyellowlightandaddingturnlanes.“Iobjecttothisfixationwehavewithcamerasandelectronicallygatheredinformation,”saysBan.“Itplacestoomuchconfidenceintechnology.”Thatconfidence,asWashingtonresidentshavelearned,canbemisplaced.ThecityremovedonecameralastMaythathadgeneratedmorethan19,000ticketsataparticularlyconfusingintersection.InSanDiego,faultysensorsmadedriversappeartobegoingfasterthantheyreallywere.ThecitysuspendedthesysteminJuly.

Anotherconcernisprivacy.WhilesystemsinWashington,MarylandandNorthCarolinaphotographnothingbuttherearofthecar,othersinArizona,CaliforniaandColoradotakeapictureofthedriver’sseataswell—abitofelectronicmonitoringthatcouldlandstrayingspousesintroublealotmoreseriousthanatrafficviolation.

InEurope,whererobotcamerasaredeployedbythethousandsandareevenlesspopularthantheyarehere,resentfuldrivershavestartedtotakemattersintotheirownhands,seekingouthiddencamerasandknockingthemoverwiththeircars.

1.Itismainlyindicatedinthefirstparagraphthat________.

2.Thecourtdecisionlastweek________.

3.Opponents’argumentsagainstcamerasincludeallthefollowingEXCEPT________.

4.Policedepartmentbelievesthat________.

5.Thephrase“chumpchange”inthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningto________.

6.Accordingtothepassage,BobBarr________.

7.Thewriter’sattitudetowardsrobotcamerascanbebestexpressedas________.

8.SomedriversinEuropeancountries________.

問題1選項

A.mostpeoplerespondintensivelywhencaughtintrafficoffense

B.motoristscanbewronglyaccusedbypoliceofficers

C.speederscannotdefendthemselvesbeforered-lightcameras

D.computer-drivencamerassometimesdotelllies

問題2選項

A.triggeredadisputeovertheuseofrobotcameras

B.excusedfewcamera-caughtviolatorsfrompunishment

C.foundfewerred-lightcamerasupportersinAmerica

D.deterredsomestatesfromimplementingcameradevices

問題3選項

A.theyintrudeintopeople’sprivacy

B.theygiveprioritytothepursuitofprofit

C.theyareoperatedbyprivatefirms

D.theyareunderthesupervisionofpolice

問題4選項

A.robotcamerasshouldnotbeoperatedbyprivatefirms

B.robotcamerasareeffectiveinmaintainingtrafficorder

C.speedingisthemajorcauseoftrafficfatalities

D.companiesoperatingcamerasshouldnotpursuemoney

問題5選項

A.trivial

B.moderate

C.enormous

D.indefinite

問題6選項

A.isthemajorityleaderintheHouseofRepresentatives

B.isstronglyagainsttheAmericanwayofmakingmoney

C.lacksconfidenceinmoderntechnology

D.doubtstheauthenticityofelectronicallygatheredinformation

問題7選項

A.positive

B.negative

C.indifferent

D.uncertain

問題8選項

A.stronglysupportedtheuseofred-lightcameras

B.destroythousandsoftherobotcameras

C.taketheinitiativeintheuseofrobotcameras

D.takedrasticmeasureswithrobotcameras

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:A

第6題:B

第7題:D

第8題:D

【解析】第1題:推理判斷題。題干提到第一段話暗示什么。文章第一段第一句話說Someaccepttheirfate.（一些人接受了命運（被抓到真實的或者虛假的交通違規(guī)要罰款的命運）），根據(jù)關鍵詞some可知，A選項“大部分人被抓到交通違規(guī)之后反應很強烈”錯誤；B選項“摩托車司機可能會被警察錯誤地指控了”文中沒有提及；C選項“超速者在被紅燈攝像頭抓到后不能為自己辯護”錯誤，第一段這個例子就是說300名駕車者在被紅燈攝像頭抓到違規(guī)，起訴交警部門后勝訴了，所以說超速者是可以為自己辯護的；第一段最后一句話…picturestakenbytheso-calledred-lightcameraswereunreliableandthereforeunacceptable（……所謂的“紅燈攝像頭”拍攝的照片不可靠，因此不可接受），這就是說D選項“紅路燈會說謊”正確。

第2題:推理判斷題。句意指法院的決定產(chǎn)生了什么樣的影響。我們定位到第二段第一句話…therulingbyJudgeRonaldStynhasfueleddebateoverthegrowinguseofthedevices.（法官RonaldStyn這項決定更加激發(fā)了關于增加使用該設備的決定），從fueled這個詞可知并不是這項判決引起的討論，而是討論本身就存在，判決加重了討論，A選項“引發(fā)了關于是否使用攝像頭的討論”錯誤；B選項“判決赦免了少部分闖紅燈被抓者的處罰”；C選項“判決發(fā)現(xiàn)支持紅燈攝像頭的人更少”，這兩項文中都沒有提及；定位到第二段第三句話ALouHarrispollsetforreleasethisweekfindsthat69%ofAmericanssupporttheiruse.Yetatleastsevenstateshaveblockedproposalstoimplementthem（LouHarris將于本周發(fā)布的民意調查顯示，69%的美國人支持使用該設備。但是，至少有7個州打回了關于安裝這些設備的提案），所以D選項“阻止了一些州安裝攝像頭”正確。

第3題:事實細節(jié)題。由題干關鍵詞“Opponents”（反對者），我們定位到文章第二段倒數(shù)第三行opponents…arguethatthecamerasviolateprivacyandplaceprofitabovepublicsafety.（反對者……認為這些攝像頭侵犯了隱私，而且把盈利置于公共安全之上），所以A、B可以排除；再定位到第三段第一句Partoftheproblemisthatvirtuallyallthedevicesinplaceareoperatedbyprivatefirmsthathandleeverythingfrominstallingthemachinerytoidentifyingviolations—oftenwithminimalpoliceoversight—andhaveanincentivetopullinasmanydriversastheycan.（部分問題在于，幾乎所有的設備都是由私人公司操作的，他們負責從安裝機器到識別違規(guī)行為的所有事情——通常是在最少的警察監(jiān)督下——并有盡可能多地吸引司機的動機。），這里可知C選項“攝像頭確實是私人公司安裝的”排除；從關鍵詞minimal可知D選項“攝像頭是在警察的監(jiān)控之下的”是錯誤的，所以答案選D。

第4題:事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)關鍵詞policedepartmentbelieves我們定位到文章第二段第二句：Policedepartmentsswear,andstudiesindicate,thattherobotcamerasdeterpeoplefromspeedingandrunningredlights.（警察部門發(fā)誓，研究表明，機器人攝像頭可以阻止人們超速和闖紅燈。）第三段最后兩句話Notso,insistsTerranceGainer,Washington’sexecutiveassistantchiefofpolice.“Wehavereducedfatalities.”（但事實并非如此，華盛頓警察局執(zhí)行助理局長特倫斯?蓋納（TerranceGainer）堅持認為?！拔覀儨p少了死亡人數(shù)?！保┻@兩句可以看出交警部門認為攝像頭維持了交通秩序，所以選B選項“攝像頭有效地維持了交通秩序”。A選項“攝像頭不應該由私人公司運營”，D選項“公司運營攝像頭的目的不應該賺錢”，這兩個都不是交警部門的看法，C選項“超速是交通致死事故的主要原因”，文章沒有提及。

第5題:詞匯推斷題。A選項“細微的”；B選項“普遍的”；C選項“巨大的”D選項“無限的”。根據(jù)題干定位到“chumpchange”所在的句子，即第三段第二句話“Thecompaniesgetpaidasmuchas$70aticket,andthetotalrevenueishardlychumpchange.（該公司每張罰單能夠收到多達70美元的罰款，因而該公司總收入相當可觀）”，我們根據(jù)后面的第三段三四句SanDiegohasgotin$15.9millionlastyearandWashington$12.8million.“It’sallaboutmoney,”saysCongressmanBobBarr,aleadingcritic.（圣地亞哥去年入賬1590萬美元，華盛頓入賬1280萬美元?！斑@一切都是關于錢，”國會議員鮑勃?巴爾如是說，他是主要的批評者。），從這句可以看出，華盛頓和圣地亞哥收到的交通罰款數(shù)量巨大，不然不會受到來自國會議員的批評。由此推測，答案選A。

第6題:判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干中的人名定位到文中提到該人物的地方，即第三段第四句“It’sallaboutmoney”,saysCongressmanBobBarr,aleadingcritic.（“這一切都是關于錢”國會議員鮑勃?巴爾如是說，他是主要的批評者。）所以選B選項“鮑勃?巴爾強烈反對美國特殊賺錢方式”。A選項“鮑勃?巴爾是眾議院的領導者”不符合文意，鮑勃?巴爾是安裝攝像頭的主要的反對者但是不是眾議院的領導者，排除A；C選項“鮑勃?巴爾對技術是否充滿信心”，文中沒有提及，排除；D選項“質疑電子收集信息的權威性”文中也沒有提及。

第7題:觀點態(tài)度題。A選項“積極”；B選項“消極”；C選項“漠不關心”；D選項“不確定”。整篇文章作者只是比較客觀地描述了一些現(xiàn)象，文章中沒有明顯的句子或者詞語表現(xiàn)出作者的態(tài)度，所以對于作者的態(tài)度我們是不明確的，答案選D。

第8題:事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干的關鍵詞“driversinEuropeancountries”，我們定位到最后一段“InEurope,whererobotcamerasaredeployedbythethousandsandareevenlesspopularthantheyarehere,resentfuldrivershavestartedtotakemattersintotheirownhands,seekingouthiddencamerasandknockingthemoverwiththeircars.（在歐洲，部署了數(shù)以千計的攝像頭并且這些攝像頭甚至比在這里（美國）更不受歡迎，心懷不滿的司機們已經(jīng)開始采取行動，尋找隱藏的攝像頭，并用汽車撞倒它們。）”，由此答案選D選項“采用極端的手段對付攝像頭”，從最后一段可以看出，歐洲司機也不支持攝像頭的安裝，所以A選項“支持攝像頭的安裝”錯誤；B選項“數(shù)以千計的攝像頭被毀壞”，數(shù)以千計的攝像頭是總數(shù)而不是被毀壞的數(shù)量，所以不選；C選項“歐洲首先使用攝像頭”文章沒有提及，所以排除。

4.單選題

Joereturnedfromvacationandwokeupcompletely（）.

問題1選項

A.refreshed

B.beingrefreshed

C.havingrefreshed

D.havingbeenrefreshed

【答案】A

【解析】考查非謂語動詞。B選項是動名詞的被動形式，“beingdone”，C選項是動名詞的完成形式“havingdone”，D選項是動名詞的完成+被動形式“havingbeendone”，句意：喬度假回來，醒來后精神抖擻。所以本題的正確答案應該是A選項。

5.單選題

Signswarnedthatthetrailwas（）eveningoodweatherconditions,soonlyexperiencedandwell-equippedhikersshouldattemptit.

問題1選項

A.affluent

B.wholesome

C.treacherous

D.incurable

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項affluent“豐富的”；B選項wholesome“健全的”；C選項treacherous“危險的”；D選項incurable“不能治愈的”。句意：指示牌上寫著，即使在天氣條件好的情況下，這條小路也是危險的，所以只有經(jīng)驗豐富、裝備精良的徒步旅行者才能嘗試。本句表示小路很危險。因此C選項正確。

6.單選題

Thedetectivewatchedandsawthesuspect______ahotelatthecorneroftheStreet.

問題1選項

A.gettingoffthetaxiandwalkinginto

B.gotoffthetaxiandwalkedinto

C.getoffthetaxiandwalkinto

D.gotoffthetaxitowalkinto

【答案】C

【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：偵探看著嫌疑犯下了出租車，走進了街角的一家旅館。本句謂語動詞是watchedandsaw，橫線處是非謂語動詞，在這里指“看見他下出租車和進旅館”的整個過程。watch/seesb.doingsth.“看見某人正在做（瞬間）”，watch/seesb.dosth.“看見某人做了某事（全過程）”，C選項getoffthetaxiandwalkinto符合題意。因此C選項正確。

7.單選題

Letter-writinggoesbacktothousandsofyearsbutheatedupduringtheMiddleAgesandRenaissance.Historically(perhapsnow)letterswereindicatorsofstatusandbreeding.Likeconversation,theywereusedtomanipulate,embellish,entertain,threaten,seduceandofcoursedobusiness.OnthewayhomefromdiscoveringAmerica,ChristopherColumbusgotcaughtinastormandhismindturned—asagoodbourgeoisparent—tohistwosons.Whowouldpaytheirschoolfeesifhecametoawateryend?HepickedupaquillanddocumentedhisaccomplishmentsonthevoyageforhisSpanishpatrons,KingFerdinandandQueenIsabella,rolleduptheletterinawoodenMadeiracaskandthrewitintothesea.ThiswasnotsomuchforposteritybutratherwhatUniversityofYorkprofessorWilliamH.Shermanhascalled“afather’sdesperatepetitionforthefuturesupportofhischildren.”

The18thcenturywasstrongontheepistolarybook,whichmadeauthors’quarrelsespeciallyamusing.TobiasSmollettwroteTravelsThroughFrance&Italy(myfavoritelettercontainshisdescriptionofFrenchwomen:“Astheirfacesareconcealedunderafalsecomplexion,sotheirheadsarecoveredwithavastloadoffalsehair,frizzledattheforehead,soasexactlytoresemblethewoollyheadsoftheGuineanegroes”).HisapproachtoanythingforeignwasconsideredsofullofspleenbyauthorLaurenceSternethathewasmovedtowriteASentimentalJourney.ThissatiricalnovelgivesSmollettthenameSmelfungus—acantankerousmanaddictedtoexaggeration,whotalksofbeing“flay’dalive”bycannibals:“I’lltellit,criedSmelfungus,totheworld.Youhadbettertellit,saidI,toyourphysician.”SamuelJohnson,inreferringtohisownletters,claims“...hissoulliesnaked”buthehaddoubtsaboutthetruthfulnessofothers,writingthattherewas“notransactionwhichoffersstrongertemptationstofallacyandsophisticationthanepistolaryintercourse.”

How-tobooksabounded.Letters,apartfrombusinessones,wereseenasafemininetask,andtemplatesaddressedfeminineproblems.TheNewAcademyofComplements,forexample,publishedin1671,titledthelettertobewrittenbyabandonedwomen“ACrack’tVirgintoHerDeceitfulFriend.”Hand-writingisthemotif.“Nowyouappearsofoul,thatnothingcanbemoremonstrous;isthisthefruitofyourPromisesandVows...howcomesitthentopass,thatyouforsakeme,ruinmyReputation,andleavemetobecometheMapofShameandIgnominy…”IlongtousetheMapofShamebitbutIsuspectitwasasunhelpfulthenasboilingbunniesisnow.

AVanderbiltUniversitystudywayschildrentaughtcursivewritinglearnandexpressthemselvesbetter.Ifso,Ihaveafewsuggestionsforoureducators.Howaboutletters“OnReprimandingaPersonofDifferenceWithoutIncurringHateCharges”,or“AnAilingCitizentoHisCallousMinisterofHealth.”Thepossibilitiesare,sadly,limitless.

1.Letter-writing（）.

2.ASentimentalJourneybyLaurenceSterne（）.

3.SamuelJohnson（）.

4.Thethirdparagraphsuggestedthat（）.

5.Attheendofthearticle,theauthorsuggestedthat（）.

問題1選項

A.waswidelyacceptedthousandsofyearsago

B.couldserveawidevarietyofpurposesinthepast

C.servedasadocumentforwardedtotheKingandQueeninColumbus’case

D.helpedColumbusobtainfinancialsupportforhissons

問題2選項

A.isbasedonthestoriestoldinTravelsThroughFrance&Italy

B.isasequelofTravelsThroughFrance&Italy

C.isatravelogue

D.hasacharactermodeledonTobiasSmollett

問題3選項

A.truthfullyrecordedhislifeinhisletters

B.wasexceptionallytruetohimself

C.suggestedthatletter-writingwasmoretemptingthananyotherformsofwriting

D.suggestedthatlettersweremoresusceptibletofallacy

問題4選項

A.womencouldmakebetterletterwriters

B.lettersweremainlyaddressedtoabandonedwomeninhistory

C.thecentralthemeofletterswastheconcernanddespairofwomen

D.theauthorofhisarticlehadthesameexperienceasthewomenquoted

問題5選項

A.childrenshouldbetaughtcursivewritingsinceitmayhelpthembetterexpressthemselves

B.letter-writingcouldachieveasmuchascursivewriting

C.educatorsshouldencourageletter-writinginschools

D.he/shehasidentifiedalotofproblemsofoursociety

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】1.推理判斷題。由A選項可以定位到第一段第一句Letter-writinggoesbacktothousandsofyearsbutheatedupduringtheMiddleAgesandRenaissance.（書信可以追溯到幾千年前，但在中世紀和文藝復興時期非常盛行。），說明幾千年前書信還沒有廣泛盛行，所以A選項“在幾千年前就被廣泛接受”錯誤。由B選項可以定位到文章第一段第二、三句Historically(perhapsnow)letterswereindicatorsofstatusandbreeding.Likeconversation,theywereusedtomanipulate,embellish,entertain,threaten,seduceandofcoursedobusiness.（從歷史上來看，也許現(xiàn)在也一樣，書信是地位和教養(yǎng)的指示器。就像談話一樣，它們被用來操縱、修飾、娛樂、威脅、引誘，當然還有做生意。），說明書信不止在過去起到了多種作用，現(xiàn)在也一樣，所以B選項“在過去可以起到多種作用”錯誤。D選項“幫助哥倫布為他的兒子們爭取到了經(jīng)濟支持”，文章只說了哥倫布通過書信為兒子爭取幫助，但沒有說結果，所以D錯誤。由C選項可以定位到文章第一段第六句HepickedupaquillanddocumentedhisaccomplishmentsonthevoyageforhisSpanishpatrons,KingFerdinandandQueenIsabella,rolleduptheletterinawoodenMadeiracaskandthrewitintothesea.（他拿起羽毛筆，為他的西班牙贊助人——斐迪南國王和伊莎貝拉王后記錄下他在航行中的成就，把信卷在一個木制的馬德拉酒桶里，扔進了海里。），可知哥倫布在書信中記錄下自己的成就，交給國王和王后。因此C選項“作為哥倫布交給國王和王后的文件”正確。

2.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第二段第三、四句HisapproachtoanythingforeignwasconsideredsofullofspleenbyauthorLaurenceSternethathewasmovedtowriteASentimentalJourney.ThissatiricalnovelgivesSmollettthenameSmelfungus—acantankerousmanaddictedtoexaggeration（作家勞倫斯?斯特恩認為他對待任何外國事物的方式都充滿了憤怒，于是寫下了ASentimentalJourney這本書。這部諷刺小說給斯摩萊特起了個名字“臭真菌”——一個愛夸大其辭、脾氣暴躁的人），說明ASentimentalJourney這本書中有托比亞斯?斯摩萊特同樣性格的人物。因此D選項“有一個以托比亞斯?斯摩萊特為原型的角色”正確。A選項“是根據(jù)TravelsThroughFrance&Italy中講述的故事改編的”，B選項“是TravelsThroughFrance&Italy的續(xù)集”，C選項“是一篇游記”在文中均沒有提及，所以A，B，C錯誤。

3.推理判斷題。A選項“在書信中如實記錄了自己的一生”，根據(jù)文章第二段最后一句SamuelJohnson,inreferringtohisownletters,claims“...hissoulliesnaked”（塞繆爾?約翰遜在提到他自己的信件時說：“……他的靈魂是赤裸裸的”），是說他寫信時很真實，但沒有說他記錄了自己的一生，所以A錯誤。B選項“對自己格外真實”，原文只說了他在寫信時很真實，所以B錯誤。C選項“提出寫信比其他任何形式的寫作都更有誘惑力”，根據(jù)文章第二段最后一句notransactionwhichoffersstrongertemptationstofallacyandsophisticationthanepistolaryintercourse.（沒有任何交易比書信交流更容易產(chǎn)生謬誤和復雜的誘惑。），沒有說到其他形式的寫作，所以C錯誤。D選項“提出書信更容易產(chǎn)生謬誤”符合原文內容，正確。

4.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到第三段，第三段中說到書信的內容是Nowyouappearsofoul,thatnothingcanbemoremonstrous;isthisthefruitofyourPromisesandVows...howcomesitthentopass,thatyouforsakeme,ruinemyReputation,andleavemetobecometheMapofShameandIgnominy…（現(xiàn)在你顯得如此骯臟，沒有什么比這更可怕的了；這是你承諾和誓言的結果嗎……那么，你怎么會拋棄我，毀掉我的名譽，讓我成為恥辱和不光彩的地圖……），可以看出書信表現(xiàn)出了女性的擔憂和絕望。因此C選項“書信的中心主題是女性的擔憂和絕望”正確。A選項“女性可以成為更好的寫信人”，D選項“文章的作者與被引用的婦女有同樣的經(jīng)歷”在文中均沒有提及，所以A，D錯誤。B選項“書信主要是寫給歷史上被遺棄的婦女的”，由原文可知是這些被拋棄的女性所寫的信，所以B錯誤。

5.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章最后一段，最后一段中說到Ifso,Ihaveafewsuggestionsforoureducators.Howaboutletters…（如果是這樣，我有一些建議給我們的教育者……的信件怎么樣），說明作者認為學校應該培養(yǎng)學生寫信的能力。因此C選項“教育工作者應該在學校鼓勵書信活動”正確。A選項“應教兒童學習草書，因為草書可以幫助他們更好地表達自己的想法”，文章說到草書讓兒童更好地學習和表達自己，但沒有說作者支持教兒童學習草書，所以A錯誤。B選項“書信可以達到和草書一樣的效果”，D選項“他/她發(fā)現(xiàn)了我們社會的很多問題”在文中均沒有提及，所以B，D錯誤。

8.單選題

SuchalarmsreflectedtheAlsop’stendencytocloaktheiranalysesinportentoustermsofdreadanddismay.

問題1選項

A.ominous

B.foppish

C.gregarious

D.remunerative

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項ominous“預兆的；不吉利的”；B選項foppish“浮華的；矯飾的；有紈绔習氣的”；C選項gregarious“社交的；群居的”；D選項remunerative“有利可圖的；有報酬的；合算的”。句意：這樣的警告反映了阿爾索普家族傾向于用可怕的恐懼和沮喪來掩蓋他們的分析。portentous“不祥的；預兆的；令人驚訝的”。A選項與該詞意思最相近，因此A選項正確。

9.單選題

Heaskedmetolendhimsomemoney,whichIagreedtodo,（）thathepaidmebackthefollowingweek.

問題1選項

A.onoccasion

B.onpurpose

C.oncondition

D.onlyif

【答案】C

【解析】句意:他要我借給他一些錢，我答應了，但條件是他下星期還錢。

考查短語辨析。onoccasion偶爾，有時；onpurpose故意；oncondition在……條件下，如果；onlyif只要，只有。空格所在句說的是借錢的條件，因此C項正確。

10.單選題

TheworseningcrisisattheFukushimaPowerStationinJapanhasledtoinevitablecomparisonswiththe1986Chernobylnucleardisasterthatkilledworkersattheplantinstantly,causedcancersinthesurroundingpopulationandspreadradioactivecontaminationsofarthatlivestockrestrictionsarestillinplaceatsomefarmsaroundtheUkraine.

ThesituationatFukushimaiscertainlygraveandimmediatelydangerousforthoseatthesitewhoarefightingtomakethecrippledreactorsandfuelstoragepondssafe.

ButwhateverwarningsarenowbeingissuedbyforeigngovernmentstotheircitizensinJapan,therearesignificantdifferencesthatsetthisapartfromthecatastropheinUkraine.

AtChernobylthenuclearreactorexplodedafterasurgeinpowerthatblewthetopoffthepowerplantandsenthotfuelhighintotheupperatmosphere,whereitfloatedacrossnationalborders.Afirethatbrokeoutinthegraphitecoreforcedmoreradioactivematerialintotheair,helpingitspreadfurther.Thereactorhadnocontainmentfacilitytoevenslowthereleaseofradiationfromtheplant.

TheFukushimaboilingwaterreactorisa40-year-oldpowerplantandithassomeglaringdesignflaws,butthereactorshavebeenswitchedoffforfivedays,sothereislessfreshradioactivematerialaround,andeachcoreiscontainedwithina20cm-thicksteelcontainer,whichisthenprotectedbyasteel-linedreinforcedconcreteouterstructure.Eveninthecaseofameltdown,thesemeasuresshouldatleastlimittheamountofradiationreleased.

Butwhatofthepopulationbeyond?Theriskfromradiationfallsoffsubstantiallywithdistance.Theauthoritieshavealreadyimposedanexclusionzoneof12milesaroundthepowerstation,introducedfoodbansanddispensedpotassiumiodidepillstothoseinthesurroundingarea.

Forthemoredistantpopulation,themostseriousradioactivesubstancesthatwouldbereleasedarecaesium-137andiodine-131.Theseareextremelyvolatile,socanbecarriedalongway.Butdangerousdosesarenotlikelytotravelfaronthewind.Thedangercomeswhenradioactiveiodineandcaesiumraindownontheground,onthepastureland,forexample,andlivestockeatit.Cowsconcentrateradioactiveiodineintheirmilk.Radioactivecaesiumaccumulatesinmuscles,andinthepasthasbuiltupingrazingsheep.Thethreattohumansthencomesfromdrinkingmilkandeatingcontaminatedmeat.Bothcanraisetheriskofcancer—iodineespeciallybybeingabsorbedintochildren’sthyroidglands.

WhathappenedatChernobyl,whichwasamuchmoreseriousaccidentthanthis,wasthatthelocalSovietauthoritieswereindenial,theydidn’tgetpeopleoutofthearea,theydidn’tevacuatequicklyenough,andtheyallowedchildrentocontinuetodrinkheavilycontaminatedmilk,andasaconsequence,manychildrenreceivedhighdosesofradiationtothethyroidandwe’veseenthousandsofthyroidcancersasaconsequence.

1.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?

2.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat（）.

3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

4.TheChernobylwasregardedasaseriousaccidentbecause（）.

問題1選項

A.EyeingJapan,CountriesReassessNuclearPlans.

B.LessonsforJapanfromtheChernobylCatastrophe.

C.RecentEventsinFukushimaEvokedWorldwideCare.

D.Japan’sHorrorRevealsHowThinIstheEdgeWeLiveon.

問題2選項

A.theriskofradiationspreadingwideinJapanremains

B.thehealthimplicationsofleaksintotheseawouldbelimited

C.thedisasterinJapanhasmucheffectonnuclearpolicyworldwide

D.JapanandUkrainetookthesamemeasuresindealingwithdisaster

問題3選項

A.TherearesomeobviousdesigndefectsinFukushima’spowerplant.

B.Theradioactivesubstancesmaycausedeathtothedistantpopulation.

C.Potassiumiodidetabletscanguardagainstsomeeffectsofradiationexposure.

D.UnliketheFukushimaplant,Chernobyl’sreactorlackedacontainmentfacility.

問題4選項

A.peoplefailedtoadoptsomeeffectivemeasurestoprotectthemselves

B.manyvolunteersrushedtheretofighttomakethecrippledreactorssafe

C.radioactivesubstancescouldspreadasfaras20milesalongwiththewind

D.thegovernmentdeniedthecatastrophetherestillthreatenedpeople’slife

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:D

【解析】1.文章第三段指出,日本福島核泄漏事故和烏克蘭切爾諾貝利核災難相比有顯著的差異,由此可以推斷,之所以差異巨大是因為日本從切爾諾貝利核災難中汲取了教訓,選項B作為標題更恰當。

2.選項B和C在文中沒有信息提及,所以無法推導出來;選項D表述錯誤。根據(jù)第六段第二句“Theriskfromradiationfallsoffsubstantiallywithdistance.”輻射的風險隨著距離的越遠而大大降低。由此推斷,輻射在日本蔓延的風險依然存在。所以選項A符合原文。

3.根據(jù)第七段的一二句可知,對于更遙遠的人群來說,釋放出的最嚴重的放射性物質是銫-137和碘-131。它們極易揮發(fā),所以可以攜帶很長時間。但是危險的劑量不太可能在風中傳播很遠。也就是說,這些放射性物質不會導致遠方居民死亡。所以選項B錯誤。

4.根據(jù)最后一段的內容可知,切爾諾貝利的事故之所以如此嚴重,是因為當?shù)卣裾J事故,他們沒有及時讓人們撤離,他們讓孩子繼續(xù)喝污染嚴重的牛奶。也就是說政府否認那里的災難仍然威脅著人們的生命,選項D符合原文。

11.單選題

Hewasextremely（

）bytheillnessofhisdaughter.

問題1選項

A.agitated

B.exploited

C.influenced

D.dominated

【答案】A

【解析】動詞辨析題。A選項agitate“使..不安”；B選項exploit“開發(fā)”；C選項influence“影響”；D選項dominate“控制，支配”。句意：女兒的疾病使他特別焦慮不安。選項A符合句意。

12.單選題

Janehas（）wontherespectofeveryoneinthefieldofdancebothforthesocietyandherself.

問題1選項

A.deservedly

B.exactly

C.despicably

D.diffusely

【答案】A

【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。deservedly“理所應當?shù)亍?；exactly“恰好地”；despicably“可鄙地，卑劣地”；diffusely“廣泛地，擴散地”。選項A符合題意，簡理所應當贏得大家的尊重。

13.單選題

The______ofthewordisunknown,butitiscertainlynotfromGreek.

問題1選項

A.origin

B.generation

C.decent

D.cause

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞。A選項origin“起源，來源”，指事物開始出現(xiàn)的始點或其來源與出處；B選項generation“一代，產(chǎn)生”；C選項decent“正派的，得體的”，為形容詞；D選項cause“原因，起因”，指某事件、后果等的起因。句意：這個詞的起源是未知的，但肯定不是來自希臘語。

14.單選題

Forawhileeveryonewasscreaming,tugging,beatingandkickingandthenMothercameinfromtheki