書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-東莞職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Mr.Brown'sconditionlooksveryseriousanditisdoubtfulifhewill（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.pullback

B.pullup

C.pullthrough

D.pullout

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。pullback“拉回，撤回。拉為平手”；pullup“拔起，停下來(lái)”；pullthrough“渡過(guò)難關(guān)，恢復(fù)健康”；pullout“離開，撤離”。句意：布郎先生的情況看起來(lái)不太好，他是否能渡過(guò)難關(guān)還不得而知。故C項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

Havingfinishedtheirmorningwork,theclerksstoodupbehindtheirdesks,（

）themselves.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.expanding

B.stretching

C.prolonging

D.extending

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)expand“擴(kuò)張，使膨脹”；B選項(xiàng)stretch“伸展，張開”；C選項(xiàng)prolong“延長(zhǎng)，拖延（延長(zhǎng)時(shí)間）”；D選項(xiàng)extend“延伸，擴(kuò)大，推廣，伸出”。stretchoneself固定搭配的意思是“伸懶腰，伸展身體”，句意為：做完早上的工作后，職員們從桌子后面站起來(lái)，伸展伸展身體。故正確答案選B。

3.單選題

Thenewsecretaryhaswrittenaremarkably（

）reportonlyinafewpagesbutwithallthedetailsincluded.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.concise

B.clear

C.precise

D.elaborate

【答案】A

【解析】根據(jù)后半句：只用了簡(jiǎn)短的幾頁(yè)但卻涵蓋了所有的細(xì)節(jié)，說(shuō)明這個(gè)報(bào)告簡(jiǎn)潔明了，選項(xiàng)A最符合語(yǔ)境。

4.寫作題

Directions:Writeanessayof180to200wordsonthetopic:“PrivateCarsShouldNotBeEncouragedinChina?”Youressayshouldincludeabeginning,abodyandaconclusion.Pleasepayspecialattentiontoitsstructure,contentandlanguage.Writetheessayontheanswersheet.

【答案】略

5.單選題

Lookingahead,hedecidedto（）hispresentjob.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.stickto

B.stickup

C.stickwith

D.stickdown

【答案】A

【解析】句意:考慮得長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)些，他決定堅(jiān)持做目前的工作。

考查短語(yǔ)辨析。stickto堅(jiān)持;stickup豎起;stickwith繼續(xù)做…；stickdown把…寫下來(lái)，放下。因此A項(xiàng)符合句意。

6.單選題

Thesecontinual（

）intemperaturemakeitimpossibletodecidewhattowear.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.transitions

B.transformations

C.exchanges

D.fluctuations

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)transition“過(guò)渡”；B選項(xiàng)transformation“轉(zhuǎn)化；轉(zhuǎn)換；改革；變形”；C選項(xiàng)exchange“交換；交流”；D選項(xiàng)fluctuation“起伏；波動(dòng)”。句意：溫度的持續(xù)……使人沒法決定穿什么。只有氣溫上下波動(dòng)，才讓人不好選擇穿什么衣服，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

Thebankmanageraskedhisassistantifitwaspossibleforhimto（）theinvestmentplanwithinaweek.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.workout

B.putout

C.makeout

D.setout

【答案】A

【解析】詞組辨析題。workout

解決,

算出，制定出；putout熄滅；makeout理解,

辨認(rèn)出；setout出發(fā),

開始。句意：銀行經(jīng)理問(wèn)他的助理能否在一周內(nèi)制定出投資計(jì)劃。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

8.單選題

“I’venevermetahumanworthcloning,”sayscloningexpertMarkWesthusinfromhislabatTexasA&MUniversity.“It’sastupidendeavor.”That’saninterestingchoiceofadjective,comingfromamanwhohasspentmillionsofdollarstryingtoclonea13-year-olddognamedMissy.Sofar,heandhisteamhavenotsucceeded,thoughtheyhaveclonedtwocowsandexpecttocloneacatsoon.

TheyjustmightsucceedincloningMissysoon—orperhapsnotforanotherfiveyears.Itseemsthereproductivesystemofman’sbestfriendisoneofthemysteriesofmodernscience.

Westhusin’sexperiencewithcloninganimalsleaveshimupsetbyallthistalkofhumancloning.InthreeyearsofworkontheMissyproject,usinghundredsuponhundredsofdog’seggs,theA&MteamhasproducedonlyadozenorsoembryoscarryingMissy’sDNA.Nonehavesurvivedthetransfertoasurrogatemother.Thewastageofeggsandthemanyspontaneouslyabortedfetusesmaybeacceptablewhenyou’redealingwithcatsorbulls,heargues,butnotwithhumans.“Cloningisincrediblyinefficient,andalsodangerous,”hesays.

Evenso,dogcloningisacommercialopportunity,withaniceresearchpayoff.EversinceDollythesheepwasclonedin1997,Westhusin’sphonehasbeenringingwithpeoplecallinginhopesofduplicatingtheircatsanddogs,cattleandhorses.“Alotofpeoplewanttoclonepets,especiallyifthepriceisright,”saysWesthusin.CostisnoobstacleforMissy’smysteriousbillionaireowner;he’sputup$3.7millionsofartofundA&M’sresearch.

Contrarytosomemediareports,Missyisnotdead.TheownerwantsatwintocarryonMissy’sfinequalitiesaftershedoesdie.Theprototypeis,byallaccounts,athletic,good-naturedandsuper-smart.Missy’smasterdoesnotexpectanexactcopyofher.Heknowsherclonemaynothavehertemperament.Inastatementofpurpose,Missy’sownerandtheA&Mteamsaytheyare“bothlookingforwardtostudyingthewaysthatherclonesdifferfromMissy.”

Besidescloningagreatdog,theprojectmaycontributeinsightintotheoldquestionofnaturevsnurture.Itcouldalsoleadtothecloningofspecialrescuedogsandmanyendangeredanimals.

However,Westhusiniscautiousabouthiswork.Heknowsthatevenifhegetsadogpregnant,theoffspring,shouldtheysurvive,willfacetheproblemsshownatbirthbyotherclonedanimals:abnormalitieslikeimmaturelungsandheartandweightproblems.“Whywouldyoueverwanttoclonehumans,”Westhusinasks,“whenwe’renotevenclosetogettingitworkedoutinanimalsyet?”

1.By“stupidendeavor”(Para.1),Westhusinmeanstosaythat____.

2.WhatdoesthefirstparagraphtellusaboutWesthusin’sdogcloningproject?

3.BycloningMissy,MarkWesthusinhopesto____.

4.Welearnfromthepassagethatanimalclonesarelikelytohave____.

5.Itcanbeseenthatpresentcloningtechniques____.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.animalcloningisnotworththeeffortatall

B.animalcloningisabsolutelyimpractical

C.humancloningshouldbedoneselectively

D.humancloningisafoolishundertaking

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Itssuccessisalreadyinsight.

B.Itsoutcomeremainsuncertain.

C.Itisdoomedtoutterfailure.

D.Itisprogressingsmoothly.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.studythepossibilityofcloninghumans

B.searchforwaystomodifyitstemperament

C.examinethereproductivesystemofthedogspecies

D.findoutthedifferencesbetweenMissyanditsclones

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.abadtemper

B.immunedeficiency

C.defectiveorgans

D.anabnormalshape

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.stillhavealongwaytogobeforereachingmaturity

B.havebeenwidelyusedinsavingendangeredspecies

C.provideinsightintothequestionofnaturevs.nurture

D.haveprovedquiteadequateforthecloningofhumans

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

By“stupidendeavor”(Para.1),Westhusinmeanstosaythat____.威斯胡森說(shuō)的“愚蠢的努力”（Para.1)的意思是____。

A.animalcloningisnotworththeeffortatallA.動(dòng)物克隆根本不值得努力

B.animalcloningisabsolutelyimpracticalB.克隆動(dòng)物是絕對(duì)不現(xiàn)實(shí)的

C.humancloningshouldbedoneselectivelyC.克隆人應(yīng)該有選擇地進(jìn)行

D.humancloningisafoolishundertakingD.克隆人是一項(xiàng)愚蠢的事業(yè)

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)出處提示詞Paragraph1與題干信息可定位到第一段第二句“這是愚蠢的嘗試?！毕蚯岸ㄎ坏降谝欢蔚谝痪洹拔覐奈从龅竭^(guò)值得克隆的人（I’venevermetahumanworthcloning）”可推斷這個(gè)愚蠢的努力指的就是克隆人。因此選D。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“動(dòng)物克隆根本不值得努力”，文中說(shuō)的是克隆人而不是克隆動(dòng)物，屬于曲解原文；

B選項(xiàng)“克隆動(dòng)物是絕對(duì)不現(xiàn)實(shí)的”，文中提到成功克隆牛和貓，該選項(xiàng)與原文意思相反，屬于反向干擾；

C選項(xiàng)“克隆人應(yīng)該有選擇地進(jìn)行”，文中沒有提及，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有。

2.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

WhatdoesthefirstparagraphtellusaboutWesthusin’sdogcloningproject?關(guān)于威斯胡森的狗克隆計(jì)劃，第一段告訴了我們什么？

A.Itssuccessisalreadyinsight.A.它的成功已經(jīng)在望。

B.Itsoutcomeremainsuncertain.B.其結(jié)果仍不確定。

C.Itisdoomedtoutterfailure.C.這注定要徹底失敗。

D.Itisprogressingsmoothly.D.進(jìn)展順利。

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)出處提示詞Paragraph1與題干信息可定位到第一段“到目前為止，他和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)還沒有成功（heandhisteamhavenotsucceeded），盡管他們已經(jīng)克隆了兩頭牛，并希望很快克隆一只貓?！庇纱丝芍房寺∮?jì)劃還沒有取得成功，可推斷這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃結(jié)果仍不確定。因此選B。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“它的成功已經(jīng)在望?！保赏茢嗫芍?，該計(jì)劃的結(jié)果不確定，并不是成功在望，該選項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾；

C選項(xiàng)“這注定要徹底失敗?！?，由推斷可知，該計(jì)劃的結(jié)果是不確定的，并沒有說(shuō)注定失敗，該選項(xiàng)屬于過(guò)度推斷；

D選項(xiàng)“進(jìn)展順利?！?，文中提到“到目前為止，他和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)還沒有成功”由此可知進(jìn)展并不順利，因此該選項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾。

3.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

BycloningMissy,MarkWesthusinhopesto____.通過(guò)克隆米西，馬克?威斯胡森希望能____。

A.studythepossibilityofcloninghumansA.研究克隆人類的可能性

B.searchforwaystomodifyitstemperamentB.找到改變它性情的方法

C.examinethereproductivesystemofthedogspeciesC.檢驗(yàn)這種狗的生殖系統(tǒng)

D.findoutthedifferencesbetweenMissyanditsclonesD.找出米西和它的克隆之間的區(qū)別

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到倒數(shù)第三段“都很期待研究她的克隆體與米西的不同之處（herclonesdifferfromMissy）”因此選D。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“研究克隆人類的可能性”，文章沒有提及，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有；

B選項(xiàng)“找到改變它性情的方法”，文章沒有提及，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有；

C選項(xiàng)“檢驗(yàn)這種狗的生殖系統(tǒng)”，文章沒有提及，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有。

4.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Welearnfromthepassagethatanimalclonesarelikelytohave____.我們從文章中了解到，動(dòng)物克隆可能會(huì)有____。

A.abadtemperA.壞脾氣

B.immunedeficiencyB.免疫缺陷

C.defectiveorgansC.有缺陷的器官

D.anabnormalshapeD.畸形

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到最后一段“他知道，即使他讓一只狗懷孕，如果它們的后代存活下來(lái)，也將面臨其他克隆動(dòng)物出生時(shí)出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題：不成熟的肺和心臟以及體重問(wèn)題等異常?！辈怀墒斓姆魏托呐K都是器官出現(xiàn)問(wèn)題，可推斷動(dòng)物克隆可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)有缺陷的器官。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“壞脾氣”，文中沒有提及，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有；

B選項(xiàng)“免疫缺陷”，文中沒有提及，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有；

D選項(xiàng)“畸形”，文中沒有提及，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有。

5.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Itcanbeseenthatpresentcloningtechniques____.由此可見，目前的克隆技術(shù)____。

A.stillhavealongwaytogobeforereachingmaturityA.在達(dá)到成熟之前還有很長(zhǎng)的路要走

B.havebeenwidelyusedinsavingendangeredspeciesB.已被廣泛用于拯救瀕危物種

C.provideinsightintothequestionofnaturevs.nurtureC.提供了對(duì)先天與后天問(wèn)題的洞察

D.haveprovedquiteadequateforthecloningofhumansD.已經(jīng)證明足以克隆人類

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)文章第一段“到目前為止，他和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)還沒有成功”以及第三段講到“克隆極其低效，而且危險(xiǎn)（Cloningisincrediblyinefficient,andalsodangerous）”和最后一段提到克隆動(dòng)物出現(xiàn)器官上的問(wèn)題可知目前的克隆技術(shù)還不成熟。因此選A。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)“已被廣泛用于拯救瀕危物種”，文中倒數(shù)第二段提到“它還可能導(dǎo)致克隆特殊救援犬和許多瀕危動(dòng)物?！庇纱丝芍€未被廣泛用于拯救瀕危物種，該選項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾；

C選項(xiàng)“提供了對(duì)先天與后天問(wèn)題的洞察”，文中倒數(shù)第二段提到“除了克隆一只大狗，這個(gè)項(xiàng)目還可能有助于洞察先天與后天的老問(wèn)題。”文中只是說(shuō)有可能有助于，并未說(shuō)提供了，該選項(xiàng)屬于過(guò)度推斷；

D選項(xiàng)“已經(jīng)證明足以克隆人類”，文章最后一段最后一句提到“當(dāng)我們?cè)趧?dòng)物身上還沒有接近成功的時(shí)候，你為什么會(huì)想要克隆人類呢？”由此可知，目前的克隆技術(shù)并不能克隆人類，該選項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾。

9.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

ThefifthlargestcityintheUSpassedasignificantsodataxproposalthatwilllevy(征稅)1.5centsperliquidounceondistributors.

Philadelphia’snewmeasurewasapprovedbya13to4citycouncilvote.Itsetsanewbarforsimilarinitiativesacrossthecounty.Itisproofthattaxesonsugarydrinkscanwinsubstantialsupportoutsidesuper-liberalareas.Untilnow,theonlycitytosuccessfullypassandimplementasodataxwasBerkeley,California,in2014.

Thetaxwillapplytoregularanddietsodas,aswellasotherdrinkswithaddedsugar,suchasGatoradeandicedteas.It’sexpectedtoraise$410millionoverthenextfiveyears,mostofwhichwillgotowardfundingauniversalpre-kindergartenprogramforthecity.

Whilethecitycouncilvotewasmetwithapplauseinsidethecouncilroom,opponentstothemeasure,includingsodalobbyistsmadesharpcriticismsandapromisetochallengethetaxincourt.

“Thetaxpassedtodayunfairlysinglesoutbeverages—includinglow-andno-caloriechoices,”saidLaurenKane,spokeswomanfortheAmericanBeverageAssociation.“Butmostimportantly,itisagainstthelaw.SowewillsidewiththemajorityofthepeopleofPhiladelphiawhoopposethistaxandtakelegalactiontostopit.”

Anindustrybackedanti-taxcampaignhasspentatleast$4milliononadvertisements.Theadscriticizedthemeasure,characterizingitasa“grocerytax.”

PublichealthgroupsapplaudedtheapprovedtaxasasteptowardfixingcertainlastinghealthissuesthatplagueAmericans.“Themovetorecaptureasmallpartoftheprofitsfromanindustrythatpushesaproductthatcontributestodiabetes,obesityandheartdiseaseinpoorercommunitiesinordertoreinvestinthosecommunitieswillsurebeinspirationaltomanyotherplaces,”saidJimKrieger,executivedirectorofHealthyFoodAmerica.“Indeed,wearealreadyhearingfromsomeofthem.It’snotjustBerkeley’anymore.”

SimilarmeasuresinCalifornia’sAlbany,Oakland,SanFranciscoandColorado’sBoulderarebecominghot-buttonissues.Healthadvocacygroupshavehintedthatevenmoremightbecoming.

1.Whatdoesthepassagesayaboutthenewly-approvedsodataxinPhiladelphia?

2.Whatwilltheopponentsprobablydotorespondtothesodataxproposal?

3.Whatdidtheindustry-backedanti-taxcampaigndoaboutthesodataxproposal?

4.Whatdidpublichealthgroupsthinkthesodataxwoulddo?

5.Whatdowelearnaboutsimilarmeasuresconcerningthesodataxinsomeothercities?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Itwillchangethelifestyleofmanyconsumers.

B.ItmayencourageotherUScitiestofollowsuit.

C.Itwillcutsodaconsumptionamonglow-incomecommunities.

D.Itmayinfluencethemarketingstrategiesofthesodabusiness.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Bargainwiththecitycouncil.

B.Refusetopayadditionaltax.

C.Takelegalactionagainstit.

D.Trytowinpublicsupport.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Ittriedtoarousehostilefeelingsamongconsumers.

B.Ittriedtowingrocers’supportagainstthemeasure.

C.Itkeptsendinglettersofprotesttothemedia.

D.Itcriticizedthemeasurethroughadvertising.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Alertpeopletotheriskofsugar-induceddiseases.

B.Helppeopletofixcertainlong-timehealthissues.

C.Addtothefundfortheirresearchondiseases.

D.Benefitlow-incomepeopleacrossthecountry.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Theyarebecomingrathersensitiveissues.

B.Theyarespreadingpanicinthesodaindustry.

C.Theyarereducingtheincidenceofsugar-induceddiseases.

D.Theyaretakingawaylotofprofitfromthesodaindustry.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:推理判斷題。題干意思是“關(guān)于費(fèi)城新批準(zhǔn)的汽水稅，文章說(shuō)了些什么？”。第二段前三句指出Philadelphia’snewmeasurewasapprovedbya13to4citycouncilvote.Itsetsanewbarforsimilarinitiativesacrossthecounty.Itisproofthattaxesonsugarydrinkscanwinsubstantialsupportoutsidesuper-liberalareas.（費(fèi)城市議會(huì)以13票對(duì)4票通過(guò)了這項(xiàng)新法案，它為全縣的類似舉措設(shè)定了新的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，這證明對(duì)含糖飲料征稅可以在超自由地區(qū)之外贏得大量支持），可知，費(fèi)城新批準(zhǔn)的汽水稅得到了其他地區(qū)的大量支持，那么可以推斷這項(xiàng)新措施可能會(huì)鼓勵(lì)其他城市效仿，故B項(xiàng)“它可能會(huì)鼓勵(lì)美國(guó)其他城市效仿”符合題意。A項(xiàng)“它將改變?cè)S多消費(fèi)者的生活方式”和C項(xiàng)“它將減少低收入社區(qū)的蘇打水消費(fèi)”文章沒有提到；D項(xiàng)“它可能會(huì)影響汽水公司的營(yíng)銷策略”，由第四段opponentstothemeasure,includingsodalobbyistsmadesharpcriticismsandapromisetochallengethetaxincourt.（但這項(xiàng)措施的反對(duì)者，包括蘇打水公司的游說(shuō)者，提出了尖銳的批評(píng)，并承諾將在法庭上挑戰(zhàn)這項(xiàng)稅收）可知文章只提到汽水公司對(duì)這項(xiàng)措施的批評(píng)，沒有提到它影響了汽水公司的營(yíng)銷策略。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

第2題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“反對(duì)者對(duì)汽水稅的建議可能會(huì)做些什么呢？”。第四段提到了反對(duì)者對(duì)這項(xiàng)措施提出了尖銳的批評(píng)，接著第五段最后一句講到SowewillsidewiththemajorityofthepeopleofPhiladelphiawhoopposethistaxandtakelegalactiontostopit.（因此，我們將站在費(fèi)城大多數(shù)人的一邊，反對(duì)這種稅收，并采取法律行動(dòng)阻止它）可知，C項(xiàng)“采取法律行動(dòng)”正確。A項(xiàng)“與市議會(huì)討價(jià)還價(jià)”和B項(xiàng)“拒絕繳納附加稅”文章沒有提到；D項(xiàng)“努力贏得公眾支持”雖然是其中一個(gè)方法，但是采取法律措施才是反對(duì)汽水稅的最有效辦法。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“行業(yè)支持的反征稅運(yùn)動(dòng)對(duì)汽水稅提案做了什么？”。第六段第一句指出Anindustrybackedanti-taxcampaignhasspentatleast$4milliononadvertisements.Theadscriticizedthemeasure,characterizingitasa“grocerytax.”（一個(gè)支持反稅收運(yùn)動(dòng)的行業(yè)已經(jīng)在廣告上花費(fèi)了至少400萬(wàn)美元；這些廣告批評(píng)了這項(xiàng)措施，稱其為“雜貨稅”），由此可知，反征稅運(yùn)動(dòng)對(duì)汽水稅提案通過(guò)廣告進(jìn)行批評(píng)，故D項(xiàng)“通過(guò)廣告批評(píng)該措施”正確。A項(xiàng)“它試圖激起消費(fèi)者的敵意”和C項(xiàng)“它不斷向媒體發(fā)送抗議信”文章中沒有提及相關(guān)信息；B項(xiàng)“它試圖贏得雜貨商的支持來(lái)反對(duì)這項(xiàng)措施”，文中只是說(shuō)反征稅的行業(yè)批評(píng)其汽水稅就是雜貨稅，但這和雜貨商沒什么關(guān)系。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

第4題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“公共健康組織認(rèn)為汽水稅能起到什么作用？”。第七段第一句指出PublichealthgroupsapplaudedtheapprovedtaxasasteptowardfixingcertainlastinghealthissuesthatplagueAmericans.（公共衛(wèi)生組織對(duì)這項(xiàng)獲批的稅收表示歡迎，認(rèn)為這是朝著解決困擾美國(guó)人的某些長(zhǎng)期健康問(wèn)題邁出的一步）可知B項(xiàng)“幫助人們解決某些長(zhǎng)期的健康問(wèn)題”符合題意。A項(xiàng)“提醒人們注意由糖引起的疾病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)”文章未提及；文章第三段提到mostofwhichwillgotowardfundingauniversalpre-kindergartenprogramforthecity（其中大部分將用于資助該市的一個(gè)普及學(xué)前教育項(xiàng)目），可知C項(xiàng)“為他們的疾病研究增加基金”錯(cuò)誤；D項(xiàng)“惠及全國(guó)低收入人群”，文章只提到汽水稅可以從汽水行業(yè)中奪回一小部分利潤(rùn)，而這些行業(yè)為了在這些社區(qū)再投資，向較貧困社區(qū)推廣一種導(dǎo)致糖尿病、肥胖和心臟病的產(chǎn)品，并沒有提到汽水稅能惠及全國(guó)低收入人群。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

第5題:細(xì)節(jié)推理題。題干意思是“關(guān)于其他一些城市對(duì)汽水稅采取的類似措施我們了解到什么？”。文章最后一段提到SimilarmeasuresinCalifornia’sAlbany,Oakland,SanFranciscoandColorado’sBoulderarebecominghot-buttonissues.（類似的措施在加州的奧爾巴尼，奧克蘭，舊金山和科羅拉多州的博爾德已經(jīng)成為熱點(diǎn)問(wèn)題），可推斷，汽水稅在其他城市是一個(gè)敏感的熱門話題，故A項(xiàng)“它們正成為相當(dāng)敏感的問(wèn)題”正確。B項(xiàng)“它們?cè)谄袠I(yè)中散布恐慌”和D項(xiàng)“它們從汽水工業(yè)中拿走了很多利潤(rùn)”文章都沒有提到，且與文意不符；C項(xiàng)“它們減少了由糖引起的疾病的發(fā)病率”，文中提到的是長(zhǎng)期健康問(wèn)題，C項(xiàng)表述不準(zhǔn)確。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

10.單選題

Whilemanytechnologicaladvancesoccurinanevolutionarymanner,occasionallyarevolutionarytechnologicalappearsonthehorizonthatcreatesstartlingnewconditionsandprofoundchanges.SuchisthecasewiththeprivatelydevelopedMollerSkycarwhichisnamedafteritsinventor.Theruggedized（加固的）MollerSkycarvariantthemilitaryisevaluatingiscalledthelightaerialmultipurposevehicle,orLAMV.

TheLAMVisaverticaltake-offandlandingaircraftthatcanflyinquick,quiet,andagilemanner.Itisanewtypeofvehiclethatcombinesthespeedofanairplaneandtheverticaltake-offcapabilityofahelicopterwithsomecharacteristicsofagroundvehicle,butwithoutthelimitationsofanyofthoseexistingmodesoftransportation.TheLAMVisnotoperatedliketraditionalfixed——orrotary-wingaircraft.Ithasonlytwohands,whichtheoperatorusestodirecttheredundantcomputercontrolsystemtocarryoutdesiredflightmaneuvers.Theleft-handcontroltwiststoselectthedesiredoperatingaltitudeandmovesforeandafttoselecttherateofclimb.Theright-handcontroltwiststoselectthevehicle’sdirectionandmovesside-to-sidetoprovidetransverse（橫向的）movementduringthehoverandearly-transition-to-flightphasesofoperation;italsomovesforeandafttocontrolspeedandbraking.Simplyput,theLAMVisuserfriendly.

TheLAMVdesignincorporatesanumberofsafetyfeatures.Forstarters,theLAMVhasmultipleengines.Unlikeanylighthelicopterorairplane,theLAMVhasmultipleenginenacelles（機(jī)艙），eachwithtwocomputer-controlledRotapowerengines.Theseenginesoperateindependentlyandallowforaverticalcontrolledlandingshouldeitherfail.

TheLAMVisaerodynamicallystable.Intheunlikelyeventthatsufficientpowerisnotavailabletolandvertically,theLAMV’sstabilityandgoodglideslopeallowtheoperatortomaneuvertoasafeareabeforeusingtheair-frameparachutes（降落傘）.SincecomputerscontroltheLAMV'sflightduringhoverandtransition,theonlyoperatorinputistocontrolspeedanddirection.Undesirablemovementscausedbywindgustsarepreventedautomatically.

TheLAMV'spotentialmilitaryuseswillbenumerous.Theyincludeaerialmedicalevacuation,aerialreconnaissance（偵查），commandandcontrol,searchandrescue,insertionofspecialoperationsforces,airassaultoperations,airborneoperations,forcible-entryoperations,militarypolicemobilityandmaneuversupport,communicationsretransmission,battlefielddistributionforunitresupply,transportofindividualandcrewreplacements,weaponsplatform,noncombatantevacuationoperations,battlefieldcontractortransport,andbattledamageassessment.

Ofcourse,theLAMVbringswithitsomeobviouschallenges.Itslimitedpayloadwillbeanegativefactor.ItsusewillcomplicateArmyairspacecommandandcontrol.HowtheLAMVwillbeusedinconjunctionwithforcesunderthejointforceaircomponentcommanderwillhavetobedetermined.LAMVsupportissuesalsorequireresolution.Forexample,operatorselectionandtraining,leadertraining,employmentdoctrine,LAMVbasis-of-issueplans,andLAMVlife-cyclemanagementallrequiretheArmy'sattention.

1.Accordingtothepassage,LAMV（）.

2.WhatshouldtheoperatorofLAMVdowhenpowerforverticallandingisinsufficient?

3.Lighthelicopterorairplanemay（）.

4.WhichofthefollowingcanbeapossibledisadvantageofLAMV?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.cantakeoffuprightandflyfast

B.isdevelopedbyanacademy

C.can’tflyasfastasanairplane

D.isappliedinciviltransportation

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Heshouldaskthemonitoringcenterforhelpviacomputer

B.Hecaneffectivelycontroltheaircraftwithsomesimpleinput

C.Hemustleavetheaircraftimmediatelywiththehelpofparachutes

D.HejustwaitsLAMVtoregainenoughpowerforlanding

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.havetwohandstocontrolitsspeedanddirection

B.havenocomputer-controlledRotapowerenmeshinitssystem

C.havelessenginenacellesthanLAMVandthereforelesssecurity

D.lackflexiblecomputercontrolinitstakingoffandlanding

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.FewpeoplewouldsupporttheapplicationofLAMV

B.LAMVcanonlycarryasmallcreworlittlecargo

C.Notallforcesarewillingtobecommandedjointly

D.Armyairspacecommandandcontrolwouldbeindisorder

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問(wèn)的是“根據(jù)文章所述，LAMV……”。文章第二段第一句話提到LAWV是一種垂直起降飛機(jī)，能夠以快速、安靜和敏捷的方式飛行（TheLAMVisaverticaltake-offandlandingaircraftthatcanflyinquick,quiet,andagilemanner），由此可知選項(xiàng)A“能垂直起飛，且飛行速度快”符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問(wèn)的是“當(dāng)垂直降落的動(dòng)力不足時(shí)，LAMV的駕駛員應(yīng)該怎么辦？”文章第四段提到“在不太可能的情況下，沒有足夠的力量垂直降落，LAMV的穩(wěn)定性和良好的下滑坡度允許駕駛員在使用機(jī)體降落傘之前操縱飛機(jī)飛到一個(gè)安全區(qū)域”（Intheunlikelyeventthatsufficientpowerisnotavailabletolandvertically,theLAMV’sstabilityandgoodglideslopeallowtheoperatortomaneuvertoasafeareabeforeusingtheair-frameparachutes），因此選項(xiàng)B“通過(guò)一些簡(jiǎn)單的操作有效控制飛機(jī)”符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問(wèn)的是“輕型直升機(jī)或飛機(jī)可能……”。文章第三段第三句話提到“不同于任何輕型直升機(jī)或飛機(jī)，LAMV有多個(gè)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)艙，每個(gè)機(jī)艙都有兩個(gè)由計(jì)算機(jī)控制的Rotapower型發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)”（Unlikeanylighthelicopterorairplane,theLAMVhasmultipleenginenacelles,eachwithtwocomputer-controlledRotapowerengines），由此可推測(cè)出輕型直升機(jī)或飛機(jī)沒有LAMV那么多的機(jī)艙，選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問(wèn)的是“下列哪項(xiàng)是LAMV的劣勢(shì)？”文章最后一段提到了LAMV不利的一面。LAMV的支持問(wèn)題也需要解決，例如，駕駛員的選擇與訓(xùn)練（LAMVsupportissuesalsorequireresolution.Forexample,operatorselectionandtraining…），因此選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

11.單選題

AnOlympicMarathonis26milesand385yards,approximately（）fromMarathontoAthens.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.distance

B.thedistanceis

C.thedistance

D.isthedistance

【答案】B

【解析】考查同位語(yǔ)。approximatelythedistancefromMarathontoAthens是26milesand385yards的同位語(yǔ)，因此C項(xiàng)“thedistance”；為正確答案。這個(gè)距離特指從馬拉松到雅典的距離，所以要加定冠詞the，C正確，A排除。填入B，D選項(xiàng)逗號(hào)后面都是一個(gè)完整的句子，但是approximately是一個(gè)副詞，不可以連接兩個(gè)句子，故排除。句意：奧林匹克馬拉松是26英里385碼，距離大約是從馬拉松到雅典。所以本題的正確答案是B選項(xiàng)。

12.單選題

Someoftheworld’smostimportantmuseumsareconfirmingwhatwe’vesuspectedallalongbutdidn’tdaresay:selfiesticks(自拍桿)arestupid.

TheMuseumofModernArt(MoMA)hasbannedthesticksfromtheirexhibitionhallstopreventdamagetotheartwork.Ifyou’veeversetfootinMoMAyou’llknowwhatadifficultexperienceitcanbe.Notbecauseitisn’tanexceptionalartinstitutionthat’sgiventhemind-expandingexhibitions,butbecauseofotherpeople.TheMoMAisoneoftheworld’sbusiestmuseums—addselfiesticksamongthecrowdsandyou’vegotarecipefordisaster.

Thesamesituationcanbefoundatmanyfamoustouristlandmarks.Likeseatbelts,theselfiestickproblemdoesn’thithomeuntilsomeonegetshurt.Anincreasingnumberofsiteshaveseenthepotentialhazardandputastoptothingsbeforea“tragedy”occurs.TheAustralianOpenhasbannedselfiesticks.SportsandmusicstadiumsaroundLondonhavebannedthestick,aswell.

Yettherealissuebehindtheselfiestickistheselfieitself.It’ssomehowbecomesociallyacceptableforustotakethenarcissism(自戀)ofadolescenceandextenditthroughadulthood,manifestedinselfies.IadmitthatIdoenjoytheoccasionalguiltypleasureofaselfie,soIcan’tandwon’tbeahypocriteaboutit.

Whenitcomestotraveling,though,whenitcomestoonce-in-a-lifetimevisitstosacredlandmarksandworld-classmuseums,I’dhopethatwecouldallturnthelensawayfromourselves.

Orsimplyputthecameraaway.TravelwriterPaulTherouxoncetoldhisreaders:“Ineverbringacamera—becausetakingpictures,I’vefound,makesmelessobservantandinterfereswithmymemory.”Howmuchdowerelyonphotographstorememberourvacations?Doesitreallymatterthatwehaveapermanentdocumentationofeverymomentofourtravels?

Whatifweentirelyletgoofdocumentingandjustsimplyexperience?Itrieditforaday.ItiswhatIimagineskydivingwouldbelike:terrifyingatfirst,thenexcitingandfinally,whenIgotmymindtostopsubconsciouslyframingeverystreetscene,IbecamemorepresentthanI’veeverbeenonatrip.

1.WhatdowelearnaboutMoMA?

2.Asmentionedinthepassage,selfiestickshavebeenbannedinthefollowingeventsEXCEPT（）.

3.AccordingtoParagraph4,theauthorconsidersselfiesas（）.

4.TravelwriterPaulTherouxisquotedto（）.

5.In“IbecamemorepresentthanI’veeverbeenonatrip”(lastparagraph),theauthor’feelingcanbesummarizedas（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.MoMAisoneofthemostvisitedmuseumsintheworld.

B.NoteveryoneappreciatestheexhibitionsinMoMA.

C.MoMAhastobeheavilyguardedtoprotecttheartwork.

D.TakingpicturesinMoMAcanbeapleasantexperience.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.museumvisits

B.musicperformance

C.sportscompetition

D.touristsightseeing

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.awasteoftime

B.areallifesaver

C.sometimesenjoyable

D.mostlyboring

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.instructtravelersonhowtotakequalitypictur