SpaceExplorationSatelliteHumangetintospaceandDeepspaceexploration（深空探測(cè)）Spacestation（空間站）Spaceshuttle（航天飛機(jī)）SatelliteSovietUnionSputnik14.October1957（firstartificialsatellite）AmericaExplorer131.January1958FranceAstérix26.November1965JapanOsumi11.February1970ChinaDongfanghongⅠ4.April1970UKProsperoX-328.October1971EuropeanSpaceAgency(ESA)歐洲空間局CAT-124.December1979IndiaRohini118.July1980HumanGetintoSpaceRussiathefirsthumanspaceflight(YuriGagarin加加林)in12.April1961U.Sfirstlaunchedapersonintospace（AlanShepard艾倫·B·謝潑德）in1965ChinaShenzhou5(15.October2003)YangLiweiShenzhou6(12.October2005)FeiJunlongandNieHaishengShenzhou7(25.September2008)ZaiZhigang,LiuBomingandYingHaipeng

thecrewofApollo8,FrankBorman,JamesLovellandWilliamAnders,becamethefirsthumanbeingstoenterlunarorbitandseethefarsideoftheMooninperson.in1968thefirstMoonlandingbytheAmericanApollo11craftonJuly20,1969NeilArmstrong

Automaticlunarrover1andlunokhod2自動(dòng)月球車1970—1973In1990JapanvisitedtheMoonwiththeHitenspacecraft,becomingthethirdcountrytoplaceanobjectinorbitaroundtheMoon.TheEuropeanSpaceAgency

launchedasmall,low-costlunarorbitalprobecalledSMART1

onSeptember27,2003China

Firstphaselunarprogram(嫦娥-1工程)—launchedin2007:twouncrewedlunarorbitalprobesSecondphaselunarprogram(嫦娥-2工程)—tobelaunchedin2012:firstMoonlandingofacoupleofroversThirdphaselunarprogram(嫦娥-3工程)—tobelaunchedin2017:automatedMoonlandingandreturnsampleFourthphaselunarprogram(嫦娥-4工程)—tobelaunchedin2024:crewedmissionandpermanentbases(月面駐留)ExplorationofMars1960—1979Russiahassixteenprobes（探測(cè)器）Americahaseighteenprobejustsendpictures1996火星全球探勘者號(hào)（MarsGlobalSurveyor）1997MarsPathfinder（火星拓荒者）achievesoftlanding（軟著陸）onthesurfaceofMars20012001火星奧德賽號(hào)（2001MarsOdyssey）

2003火星探測(cè)漫游者(MarsExplorationRover）2007鳳凰號(hào)（Phoenix）takebackrocksandsoilofMars2011Yingguang1螢光一號(hào)China

SpaceStationRussiaDOS（禮炮號(hào)航天站）（1971—1984）AmericaSkylab（天空實(shí)驗(yàn)室）1973

RussiaMir（和平號(hào)空間站）1986—2001America，RussiaandESAInternationalSpace

Station國(guó)際空間站）（November1998—）C