【英語】高考英語閱讀理解真題匯編（含答案）一、高中英語閱讀理解1.閱讀理解Americancollegestudentsarebecomingmoreadventuresomeastheystudyabroad,showinglessinterestsinEnglish-speakingdestinationssuchasGreatBritainandAustraliaandmoreinsuchcountriesasChina,India,ArgentinaandBrazil.Britainremainedthemostpopularstudydestinationin2005,accordingtoannualfiguresfromtheInstituteofInternationalEducation,followedbyItaly,SpainandFrance.ButthenumberofAmericanstudentsstudyinginBritainandAustraliadescendedalittle,evenasthenumberofAmericanstudentsabroadroseby8%.Thegrowthcameinnon-EnglishspeakingEuropeancountriesandinAsia.ChinaisnowtheeighthmostpopulardestinationforAmericanstudents,attractingnearly6,400in2005,up35%fromthenumberoftheyearbefore.ArgentinaandIndiasawincreasesofmorethan50%.AllanGoodman,presidentoftheInstituteofInternationalEducation,saidthatarangeoffactorscontributedtothetrend,fromgrowingawarenessofglobalizationaftertheterroristattacksonSeptember11,2001,toprogramssuchasformerPresidentBush'sNationalSecurityLanguageInitiative,whichtrainssoldiers,intelligenceofficersanddiplomatsinforeignlanguages.“WhatAmericansaredoingiswakingupanddiscoveringthere'saworldoutthere, "hesaid.Otherfiguresshowedtheflowofstudentsintheoppositedirection,fromforeigncountriesintoAmericanuniversities.Theinstitutefoundthatinternationalenrollment(入學(xué))inAmericanhighereducationremainedsteadyatabout565,000.Thefiguresareofkeeninteresttouniversities,whichdependonforeignstudentsforteachingandresearchhelp,andtopolicymakers,whoconsideritimportant,asfutureforeignleadersmaybefamiliarwiththeUnitedStates.Theyearof2005sawbigincreasesinstudentsfromSouthKorea,MexicoandTaiwanofChina.IndiasendsthemoststudentsandChinaisNo.2.OthercountriesthatshowlargepercentageincreasesinthenumberofstudentssenttotheUSincludeNepalandVietnam,whileJapan,TurkeyandMalaysiasawdeclines.About58%ofinternationalstudentsintheUScomefromAsia.Whatdoestheunderlinedword “descended"inParagraph2means?A.Changed. B.Declined. C.Multiplied. D.Increased.WhydomoreAmericanstudentsstudyinAsia?A.Theyexpecttogetmoreteachingandresearchhelp.B.TheyloseconfidenceinEnglishspeakingcountries.C.Theyareafraidthatterroristattackswillhappenagain.D.Theyprefertoexploreadifferentworldfromtheirown.WhereweremostforeignstudentsinAmericafromin2005?A.China. B.India. C.Argentina. D.Britain.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Therewere6,400AmericanstudentsstudyinginChinain2005.B.ChinesestudentstoAmericawilloverpassIndiansinthefuture.C.InternationalenrollmentinAmericanhighereducationchangedalot.D.AsianstudentsaccountforalargepartofforeignstudentsinAmerica.【答案】(1)B⑵DBD【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了不同國家的人國外留學(xué)的情況。(1)考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第二段中的 "ButthenumberofAmericanstudentsstudyinginBritainandAustraliadescendedalittle,evenasthenumberofAmericanstudentsabroadroseby8%.’這句話的后半句的意思是 盡管美國學(xué)生在國外的人數(shù)增長了 8%',由此推知但是在英國和澳大利亞學(xué)習(xí)的美國學(xué)生人數(shù)下降了一點(diǎn)， ”故選Bo(2)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的 "WhatAmericansaredoingiswakingupanddiscoveringthere'saworldoutthere,可知，現(xiàn)在越來越多的美國學(xué)生來到亞洲是因?yàn)樗麄兏矚g從自己的世界去探索不同的世界。故選 Do(3)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的 "Theyarof2005sawbigincreasesinstudentsfromSouthKorea,MexicoandTaiwanofChina.IndiasendsthemoststudentsandChinaisNo.2.可知，在2005年美國多數(shù)的外國學(xué)生都來自印度。故選 Bo(4)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的 "About58%ofinternationalstudentsintheUScomefromAsia.可知，在美國，亞洲學(xué)生占外國學(xué)生的很大一部分。故選D?！军c(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測和推理判斷三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇社會現(xiàn)象類閱讀，要求考生準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，選出正確答案。2.閱讀理解OnBroadwayDearfriendsandcommunity,Wearehappytointroduceournewshow,OnBroadway.Thiswillbeanightofthemostentertaining,andthrillingBroadwayShowssetonstage.Wewouldliketohonorsomeoftheseworldclassactsinourspectacularshow.Youwillexperiencedramatictangos(探戈),elegantwaltzes(華爾茲),andmuchmore.Thisproductionwillattractyouwithitscreativedancing,excitingmusic,andbeautifulcostumes.Date:February20-April4,4-6pmAdmission:$20presale/$25onthedoorSummerCampOuruniqueandfunsummercampfeaturesdancing,fitness,gamesandotheractivities.Whilehavingagoodtime,camperscanimprovetheirbodycoordination(協(xié)調(diào)),balance,posture,andphysicalcondition.Forthelastday,wehaveplannedaperformanceforfamilyandfriendstoshoweverythingwehavelearnedduringthecamp.Date:MondayJuly9-FridayJuly13,9am-12:30pmChildrenAges5&UpNorthCarolinaOpenIamexcitedtoinviteyoutoattendtheNorthCarolinaOpen,Charlotte'sfirstNDCArecognizeddancecompetition.LocatedinthebeautifulBallantyneResort,thisisaneventyouwon'tforget.Takepartinaneleganteveningofdancing,thenrelaxinthespaorgetawayforaroundofgolf.Enjoyafulldayofdancingwithworld-classjudgesandscholarshipopportunities.Date:September21Admission:$30GeneralInformation:YusimiCruz,Phone:（704）892-7000DanceCenterUSAisturning7yearsold,socomeandcelebratewithus!AnniversaryGalaWinebar,appetizers（開胃菜 ）,greatmusic,andspecialperformancesbyDanceCenterstudentsandprofessionalswillbewaitingforyou.Also,anawardceremonywillbeheldtorecognizetheoutstandingachievementofourstudentsinthepastyear.Date:FridayApril29,8-10pmPartyAdmission:$15（1）HowmuchdoyouhavetopayforatickettoOnBroadwayifyoubookinadvance?A.$15B.$20C.$25D.$30Howdochildrenbenefitfromthesummercamp?A.Ithelpsstrengthentheirbodies.B.Itenablesthemtolearnfromfamousdancers.C.Theygainusefulcampingskills.D.Theylearnhowtogetonwiththeirparents.（3）WhicheventisavailableinAprilatagoodprice?A.OnBroadwayB.SummerCampC.NorthCarolinaOpenD.AnniversaryGala【答案】（1）BAD【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了四個(gè)娛樂活動：百老匯音樂??；夏令營；北卡羅來納州的舞蹈公開賽以及一個(gè)周年慶典。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)OnBroadway部分中的“Admission:$20presale提前購票$20,可知，提前預(yù)定 OnBroadway的門票，只需要 $20。故選 B。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù) Summercamp部分中的“Whilehavingagoodtime,camperscanimprovetheirbodycoordination（協(xié)調(diào)）,balance,posture,andphysicalcondition.在玩得開心的”同時(shí)，夏令營的參與者能夠改善他們的身體協(xié)調(diào)性、平衡性、坐立的姿勢以及身體狀況，可知，參加夏令營能幫助同學(xué)們強(qiáng)壯身體。故選 A。33）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)OnBroadway部分中的‘Date:February20-April4,4-6pm”從2月20日持續(xù)到4月4日；AnniversaryGala部分中的‘Date:FridayApril29,8-10pm”4月29日晚上8點(diǎn)到10點(diǎn)，都可以在四月內(nèi)觀看。再根據(jù)OnBroadway部分中的‘Admission:$20presale/$25onthedoor提前預(yù)定$20,現(xiàn)場買票$25;以及AnniversaryGala部分中的“PartyAdmission:$15 ”,$1歙口，AnniversaryGala的門票更便宜一些。故選 D?！军c(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解題型的考查，是一篇介紹類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并結(jié)合題目要求，從而選出正確答案。3.閱讀理解Itisbadtohavefoodstuckbetweenyourteethforlongperiodsoftime.Thisisbecausefoodattractsgerms;germsproduceacid,andacidhurtsyourteethandgums.Flossing（使用牙線）helpstoremovethefoodthatgetsstuckbetweenyourteeth.Thisexplainswhyflossinghelpstokeepyourmouthhealthy,butsomedoctorssaythatflossingcanalsobegoodforyourheart.Itmayseemstrangethatsomethingyoudoforyourteethcanhaveanyeffectonyourheart.Doctorshavecomeupwithafewideasabouthowflossingworkstokeepyourhearthealthy.Oneideaisthatthegermsthathurtyourteethcanleavethemouthandtravelintoyourblood.Germsthatgetintothebloodcanthenattackyourheart.Anotherideaisbasedonthefactthatwhentherearetoomanygermsinyourmouth,thebodytriestofightagainsttheregerms.Forsomereason,thewaythebodyfightsthesemouthgermsmayendupweakeningtheheartovertime.Noteverydoctoragreesabouttheseideas.Somedoctorsthinkthatthelinkbetweengoodflossinghabitsandgoodhearthealthisonlyacoincidence.Theincidence（發(fā)生率）oftwoormoreeventsiscompletelyrandom,astheydonotadmitofanyreliablecauseandeffectrelationshipbetweenthem.Forexample,everytimeIwashmycar,itrains.ThisdoesnotmeanthatwhenIwashmycar,Isomehowchangetheweather.Thisisonlyacoincidence.Similarly,somedoctorsthinkthatpeoplewhohavebadflossinghabitsjusthappentoalsohaveheartproblems,andpeoplewhohavegoodflossinghabitsjusthappentohavehealthyhearts.Thetheorythatflossingyourteethhelpstokeepyourhearthealthymightnotbetrue.Buteverydoctoragreesthatflossingisagreatwaytokeepyourteethhealthy.Soevenifflossingdoesnothelpyourheart,itistruetohelpyourteeth.Thisisenoughofareasonforeveryonetoflosstheirteetheveryday.Fromthepassage,weknowthat.foodstuckbetweenyourteethmayhurtyourteethallofthedoctorsagreethatflossingisgoodforyourheartdoctors'judgmentaboutflossingisbasedonmedicalresearchnoteverydoctorthinksflossinghelpstokeepyourteethhealthyTheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph3isto.A.provideanexample B.makeacomparisonC.introduceanewtopic D.developthepreviousstatementWhichofthefollowingbeststatesthemainideaofthelastparagraph?Itisafactthatflossingcanhelpyourheartaswellasyourteeth.Thereisnogoodreasontobelievethatflossingwillhelpyourheart.Becausedoctorsfindflossingwon'thelpyourheart,itisuselesstofloss.Evenifflossingisonlygoodforyourteeth,youshouldstilldoiteveryday.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.FlossingbyCoincidence B.HowtoKeepYourTeethHealthyC.FlossingHabitsandHealthyHearts D.WhyDoctorsDisagreeAboutFlossing【答案】(1)A⑵DDC【解析】 【分析】本文提到經(jīng)過研究，剔牙與保持心臟之間沒有必然的聯(lián)系，但剔牙能保護(hù)牙齒的健康是可以肯定的。(1)推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段提到 Itisbadtohavefoodstuckbetweenyourteethforlongperiodsoftime.Thisisbecausefoodattractsgerms(名田菌),germsproduceacid,andacidhurtsyourteethandgums.(長時(shí)間讓食物停留在牙齒是有害處的，這是因?yàn)槭澄锬芪?xì)菌，細(xì)菌會產(chǎn)生酸，腐蝕你的牙齒)，故選A項(xiàng)。(2)句意猜測題。Noteverydoctoragreesabouttheseideas不是每個(gè)醫(yī)牛者B對這些問題持木目同的態(tài)度，Somedoctorsthinkthatthelinkbetweengoodflossinghabitsandgoodhearthealthisonlyacoincidence.一些醫(yī)生認(rèn)為用牙線剔牙與心臟健康之間的關(guān)系只是偶然 Similarly,somedoctorsthinkthatpeoplewhohavebadflossinghabitsjusthappentoalsohaveheartproblems一些醫(yī)生認(rèn)為有剔牙習(xí)慣的碰巧有心臟問題，故是發(fā)展以前的觀點(diǎn)，因此選 D項(xiàng)。(3)段落大意題。根據(jù)最后一段提到剔牙能保持你的心臟健康這一理論可能并不正確的，但醫(yī)生同意剔牙能保證牙齒的健康，因此即使剔牙不能有助于你的心臟，肯定能保護(hù)你牙齒，這就是每天剔牙的重要原因，故選D項(xiàng)。(4)主旨標(biāo)題題。本文提到經(jīng)過研究，剔牙與保持心臟之間沒有必然的聯(lián)系，但剔牙能保護(hù)牙齒的健康是可以肯定的，故選 C項(xiàng)。4.閱讀理解Ifyou'reabooklover,youhaveapileofbooksonyourbedside,orabookshelfinyourlibrarywitha“toread”.sigifeoycitican'tstopyourselffromaddingtothepile.Thiscanleadtofeelingsofguiltoveryournewpurchases.ButI'mheretotellyoutostopworryingWhatyouhaveisanantilibrary,andit'saverygoodthing.ThetermcomesfromwriterUmbertoEco.Heistheownerofalargepersonallibrary.Heseparatesvisitorsintotwogroups:thosewhoreactwith “WohatOMibraryyouhave!Howmanyofthesebookshaveyouread?”andtheotherswhogetthepointthataprivatelibraryisnotsomethingtoshowoffbutaresearchtool.Readbooksarefarlessvaluablethanunreadones.Indeed,themoreyouknow,thelargertherowsofunreadbooks.Letuscallthiscollectionanantilibrary.Ifyouthinkyoualreadyknoweverythingaboutasubject,you'recuttingyourselfofffromastreamofinformationatanartificialpoint.Soagrowinglibraryofbooksyouhaven'treadmeansyou'reconsistentlycuriousabouttheunknown.Andthatattitudeisagreatfoundationforalifelongloveoflearning.Sodon'tfeelguiltoveryourunreadbooks.Thosebookswillbethereforyouwhenyoudowantthem,andasyoubuildyourlibraryofreadandunreadbooks,youcanstartusingitasyouwoulduseabiggerlibrary.Certainbooksmaybecomereferencesmorethanread-throughs.Oryoumayfindthatabookyouboughtfiveyearsagohasspecialrelevancetoday.Lettingtheroleofbooksevolveinyourlifeisahealthysignofcuriosity.That'sgoodforyouandgoodfortheworldaroundyou.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“antilibrary"inParagraph2referto?A.Feelingsofguiltovernewbooks. B.Apileofbooksonthebookshelf.C.Thecollectionofunreadbooks. D.Alargepersonallibrary.Accordingtotheauthor,moreunreadbooksmean.A.yourwronglifelonglearningattitude B.youlimityourselffromtheunknownC.yourhavenointerestinthenewworldD.yourstrongdesireaboutnewinformationWhat'stheauthor'sattitudetowardshavinganantilibrary?A.Favorable. B.Doubtful. C.Ambiguous D.Contradictory.Whatcanweknowfromthelastparagraph?A.CuriosityisasignofhighIQ. B.Booksaretheladderinourlife.C.Unreadbooksaresurelyrelevanttothepresent.D.Weshouldreadthrougheverybook.【答案】(1)C⑵DAB【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文。本文主要講了收集沒有閱讀的書這一行為是非常好的，收集更多未經(jīng)閱讀的書意味著你對新信息的強(qiáng)烈渴望。⑴詞義猜測題。由第二段Readbooksarefarlessvaluablethanunreadones.Indeed,themoreyouknow,thelargertherowsofunreadbooks.Letuscallthiscollectionanantilibrary.可知“antilibrary指的是收集沒有閱讀的書，選Q(2)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段Soagrowinglibraryofbooksyouhaven'treadmeansyou'reconsistentlycuriousabouttheunknown,可知更多未經(jīng)閱讀的書意味著你對新信息的強(qiáng)烈渴望，選D。(3)推理判斷題。由最后一段 Lettingtheroleofbooksevolveinyourlifeisahealthysignofcuriosity.That'sgoodforyouandgoodfortheworldaroundyou.可推知作者對于收集沒有閱讀的書這一行為，持贊成態(tài)度，選 A。(4)推理判斷題。由最后——段 Thosebookswillbethereforyouwhenyoudowantthem,andasyoubuildyourlibraryofreadandunreadbooks,youcanstartusingitasyouwoulduseabiggerlibrary.Certainbooksmaybecomereferencesmorethanread-throughs.Oryoumayfindthatabookyouboughtfiveyearsagohasspecialrelevancetoday.可推知書籍是我們生活的階梯，選B。Noise-cancellingaudioinstrumentshavebeenaroundforawhilenow,butoneBerlin-baseddesignerbelievesthatblocking“visnoise"asimportant,ifnotmoreso,ascancellingoutunwantedsounds.TothisendhehascreatedasimpleaccessorycalledtheFocusCap【點(diǎn)評】議論文解題方法： 1.把握文章的論點(diǎn)、論據(jù)和論證。此外，還要把握文章的結(jié)構(gòu)和語言。.互推法：在議論之后，總會再列舉一些具體的例子來支持觀點(diǎn)或在一些例子之后，總要抒發(fā)一些議論?？忌诶斫庾h論時(shí)，可以借助文中所給的實(shí)例，從而在形象的例子中推理出抽象的議論；或從議論中推理理解具體例子的深刻含義，相互推斷。.推理法：推理的結(jié)論一定是原文有這層意思，但沒有明確表達(dá)的。推理要根據(jù)文章的字面意思，通過語篇、段落和句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系，各個(gè)信息所暗示和隱含的意義，作者的隱含意等對文章進(jìn)行推理判斷。考生要由文字的表層信息挖掘出文章的深層含義，要能透過現(xiàn)象看本質(zhì)。5.閱讀理解Someofthebestresearchondailyexperienceisrootedinratesofpositiveandnegativeinteractions,whichhasprovedthatbeingblindlypositiveornegativecancauseotherstobefrustratedorannoyedortosimplytuneout.Overthelasttwodecades,scientistshavemaderemarkablepredictionssimplybywatchingpeopleinteractwithoneanotherandthenscoringtheconversationsbasedontherateofpositiveandnegativeinteractions.Researchershaveusedthefindingstopredicteverythingfromthelikelihoodthatacouplewilldivorcetothechancesofaworkteamwithhighcustomersatisfactionandproductivitylevels.Morerecentresearchhelpsexplainwhythesebriefexchangesmattersomuch.Whenyouexperiencenegativeemotionsasaresultofcriticismorrejection,forexample,yourbodyproduceshigherlevelsofthestresshormone,whichshutsdownmuchofyourthinkingandactivates(激活)conflictanddefensemechanisms(機(jī)制).Youassumethatsituationsareworsethantheyactuallyare.Whenyouexperienceapositiveinteraction,itactivatesaverydifferentresponse.Positiveexchangesincreaseyourbody'sproductionofoxytocin,afeel-goodthatincreasesyourabilitytocommunicatewith,cooperatewithandtrustothers.Buttheeffectsofapositiveoccurrencearelessdramaticandlastingthantheyareforanegativeone.Weneedatleastthreetofivepositiveinteractionstooutweigheveryonenegativeexchange.Badmomentssimplyoutweighgoodones.Whetheryou'rehavingaconversation,keepthissimpleshortcutinmind:Atleast80percentofyourconversationsshouldbefocusedonwhat'sgoingright.Workplaces,forexample,oftenseethis.Duringperformancereviews,managersroutinelyspend80percentoftheirtimeonweaknessesand “areasforimprovement”.Theyspendroughly20percentofthetimeonstrengthsandpositiveaspects.Anytimeyouhavediscussionswithapersonorgroup,spendthevastmajorityofthetimetalkingaboutwhatisworking,andusetheremainingtimetoaddressweaknesses.Theunderlinedphrase“tuneout"inParagraph1probablymeansA.stoplistening B.changeone'smind C.singaloud D.becrazyWhatwillhappenifyouexperiencenegativeemotions?A.Thesituationsaresuretobecomeworse.B.Muchofyourthinkingwillbeprevented.C.Youwillfeelanurgetoimproveandbecomebetter.D.You'llbemotivatedtoresolveconflictswithpeople.FromParagraph4,wecanlearnthatA.weneedapositivefeelingtobeatonenegativefeelingB.positiveinteractionshavegreatereffectsthannegativeonesC.ourconversationshouldcenteronwhatneedsimprovementD.theeffectofnegativefeelingslastslongerthanthatofpositiveonesWhatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.HarmfulNegatives B.MorePositiveInteractionsC.HowtoBeaProductiveManager D.LessTimeonStrengthsandPositiveAspects【答案】(1)A⑵BDB【解析】 【分析】本文是說明文。主要講述通過一些關(guān)于日常經(jīng)驗(yàn)的研究證明，當(dāng)你因?yàn)榕u或遭到拒絕而經(jīng)歷負(fù)面情緒時(shí)，你的身體會產(chǎn)生較高水平的應(yīng)激激素，它關(guān)閉了你的思維，激活沖突和防御的機(jī)制。而當(dāng)你體驗(yàn)到積極的互動時(shí)，積極的交流會增加你與他人溝通、合作和信任的能力。但是積極的影響不如消極的影響更持久，它需要三到五個(gè)積極的互動才能去掉一個(gè)負(fù)面互動。這給我們一個(gè)啟示，在談話時(shí)盡可能多的積極互動，才會調(diào)動人的積極性。(1)考查猜測詞義題。根據(jù)第一段中的內(nèi)容可知，一些關(guān)于日常經(jīng)驗(yàn)的最好研究是建立在積極和消極互動率的基礎(chǔ)上的，這證明了盲目的積極或消極會使其他人感到沮喪或煩惱，或者干脆把不理睬。分析選項(xiàng)的內(nèi)容可知 A項(xiàng)符合題意。(2)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的中間部分 "Whenyouexperiencenegativeemotionsasaresultofcriticismorrejection,forexample,yourbodyproduceshigherlevelsofthestresshormone,whichshutsdownmuchofyourthinkingandactivates (激活) conflictanddefensemechanisms（機(jī)制）.”可知，你經(jīng)歷負(fù)面情緒時(shí)，你的身體會產(chǎn)生較高水平的應(yīng)激激素，它關(guān)閉了你的思維機(jī)制和激活你的防御機(jī)制。由此可判斷 B項(xiàng)是正確的。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句 “Buttheeffectsofapositiveoccurrencearelessdramaticandlastingthantheyareforanegativeone.可知，積極面事件的影響不如消極的影”響更持久。由此判斷出D項(xiàng)正確。（4）考查主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，一些關(guān)于日常經(jīng)驗(yàn)的研究證明，當(dāng)你因?yàn)榕u或遭到拒絕而經(jīng)歷負(fù)面情緒時(shí)，你的身體會產(chǎn)生較高水平的應(yīng)激激素，它關(guān)閉了你的思維，激活沖突和防御的機(jī)制。而當(dāng)你體驗(yàn)到積極的互動時(shí)，積極的交流會增加你與他人溝通、合作和信任的能力。但是積極的影響不如消極的影響更持久，它需要三到五個(gè)積極的互動才能去掉一個(gè)負(fù)面互動。這給我們一個(gè)啟示，在談話時(shí)盡可能多的積極互動，才會調(diào)動人的積極性。分析選項(xiàng)可知B項(xiàng)正確?！军c(diǎn)評】科普文客觀題的解題方法 1.“找”。讀完材料，審?fù)觐}干（題干不可不審清 ），可根據(jù)題干確定選項(xiàng)的大致范圍，開始找與選項(xiàng)相對應(yīng)的句子，然后再進(jìn)行合理的想象、推理及判斷。有時(shí)候選項(xiàng)的語句散見于文章的各處，也一定找準(zhǔn)原句。2.“比”。比較時(shí)重在關(guān)注意思、關(guān)注邏輯關(guān)系。有時(shí)需要統(tǒng)觀全篇，不能只盯住一處。3.“判斷”。推斷時(shí)，切不可只憑主觀臆斷，一定要找到確切的根據(jù)，找到合理的解釋。6．閱讀理解Onacollegecampingtrip,curiosityaboutwavesandsandcausedRobThielertostudyshorelinesaroundtheworld.ThirtyyearslaterandnowaU.S.GeologicalSurveyresearchgeologist,Thieler,iscombiningscienceandsmartphonetechnologytohelpstudyanendangeredbird,theAtlanticCoastpipingplover.Thepipingploverisashorebirdthatbreeds（繁殖）alongtheAtlanticCoast,theGreatLakesandtheGreatPlains.Risingsealevelsassociatedwithclimatechange,aswellasincreaseddevelopmentintheirbeachhabitats（棲息地）,threatenthespecies（物種）.Tohelptrackchangesinpipingploverhabitats,ThielerdevelopedafreeappcallediPloverin2012.Thisisamarkedchangefromthetypicalwayscientistscollectdata,whichinvolvesgatheringinformationusingspecializedequipmentorwritinginnotebooksandthenputtingintospreadsheets.SincereleasingiPlover,scientistshavegathereddataacross1500kmofbreedingrange.ThatequalsaboutathirdofthedistanceacrosstheU.S.,whichisalargeareatocoverforonlytwothousandbreedingpairsofpipingploversontheeastcoast.Insteadofhavingtotravelandspenddaysateachsite,anumberofcooperatorsinthefieldusetheapptocollectandsenddata,allowingscientiststogatherdatamoreefficiently.Italsoallowsthemtocollectdataatthesametimeduringeachbreedingseason,providingabetterpictureofchangesthathappenoverlongerperiodsoftime.Andfast,centralizedaccessmeansscientistscanlookatdataquicklytogetareal-timeideaofwhereandhowpipingploversareusingtheirhabitats.WhileiPloverisusedbytrainedfieldstaff,otherappsliketheU.S.GeologicalSurvey'sweb-based“iCoast—DthideCoastChange?”invitecitizenscientiststoidentifycoastalchangesbycomparingbird's-eye-viewphotographstakenbeforeandafterstorms.Alltheinformationscientistsandcitizenscientistsalikecollecthelpsfederalandstateagenciescreatepolicyplansforaddressingclimatechangeimpacts(影響)worldwide.Whatcanweknowaboutthepipingplover?A.Itsbehaviourischanging. B.Itshabitatisgrowingbigger.C.Itslivingenvironmentisbecomingworse.D.ItsbreedingislimitedtotheAtlanticCoast.WhydidThielerdevelopiPlover?A.TostudyshorelinesacrossAmerica. B.Toadvanceinformationtechnology.C.Tofindoutglobalclimatechange. D.Tomonitorchangesofpipingploverhabitats.Whichofthefollowingbenefitstheshorebirds?A.Thecampingequipment. B.Researchonsmartphones.C.Thechangeablecoast. D.Progressintechnology.Whatwouldbethebesttitleofthetext?A.ProtectingEndangeredShorebirds B.RobThieler,aCreativeScientistC.IPlover,ToolforTrainingFieldStaffD.DifferencesBetweenIPloverandICoast【答案】(1)C⑵D(3)D(4)A【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了隨著技術(shù)的進(jìn)步，保護(hù)瀕危的岸禽鳥類的措施變得更加的有效。(1)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段 Risingsealevelsassociatedwithclimatechange,aswellasincreaseddevelopmentintheirbeachhabitats (棲息地),threatenthespecies(物種)可知，笛徜的生存環(huán)境變得越來越糟了。故答案選 Co(2)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段 Tohelptrackchangesinpipingploverhabitats,ThielerdevelopedafreeappcallediPloverin2012.可知，發(fā)明app其目的是為了追蹤笛彳鵑的棲息地的改變。故答案選 Do(3)考查推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段 Insteadofhavingtotravelandspenddaysateachsite,anumberofcooperatorsinthefieldusetheapptocollectandsenddata,allowingscientiststogatherdatamoreefficiently.可以推斷出，技術(shù)的進(jìn)步，使得科學(xué)家獲得更有效的數(shù)據(jù)。故答案選Do(4)考查主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章大意：文章主要講述了隨著技術(shù)的進(jìn)步，保護(hù)瀕危的岸禽鳥類的措施變得更加的有效。故答案選 Ao【點(diǎn)評】1.要想做好科普英語閱讀理解題，同學(xué)們就要注意平時(shí)多讀科普知識類文章，學(xué)習(xí)科普知識，積累常見的科普詞匯，從根本上提高科普英語的閱讀能力。.要熟悉科普類文章的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)。科普類文章一般由標(biāo)題 (Headline),導(dǎo)語(Introduction),背景(Background),主體(Mainbody)和結(jié)尾(End)五部分構(gòu)成。標(biāo)題是文章中心思想高度而又精辟的概括，但根據(jù)歷年的高考情況來看，這類閱讀理解材料一般不給標(biāo)題，而要同學(xué)們選擇標(biāo)題。導(dǎo)語一般位于整篇文章的首段。背景交待一個(gè)事實(shí)的起因。主體則對導(dǎo)語概括的事實(shí)進(jìn)行詳細(xì)敘述，這一部分命題往往最多，因此，閱讀時(shí)，同學(xué)們要把這部分作為重點(diǎn)。結(jié)尾往往也是中心思想的概括，并與導(dǎo)語相呼應(yīng)，命題者常在此要設(shè)計(jì)一道推理判斷題。.在進(jìn)行推理判斷時(shí)，同學(xué)們一定要以閱讀材料所提供的科學(xué)事實(shí)為依據(jù)，同時(shí)所得出的結(jié)論還應(yīng)符合基本的科普常識。7.閱讀理解Weighingtoomuchcandamageyourhealth,andobesityisagrowingproblemforbothkidsandadultsaroundtheworld.Sleepmightbeoneanswertotheproblem.Anewstudyhasfoundthatelementaryschoolstudentswhoslepttoolittleweremorelikelytogainpounds.Paststudieshaveshownalinkbetweensleepinglessandweighingmore,butscientistshavehadatoughtimedetermining"whichcamefirst,thechickenortheegg,"saysJulieC.LumengoftheuniversityofMichiganinAnnArbor.Inotherwords,ithasn'tbeenclearwhetherkidswhoweightoomuchhavetroublesleeping,orwhethersleepinglessleadstoweightgain.Bothscenarios(可能出現(xiàn)的情況)seemedequallypossible.Togetabetterideaofwhichcauseswhich,Lumengandhercolleaguesinterviewedtheparentsof785thirdgradersfromaroundtheUnitedStates.Theparentsansweredquestionsabouthowwelltheirkidssleptthatyear.Threeyearslater,theparentsansweredthesamequestions.Bysixthgrade,18percentofkidsinvolvedinthestudywereobese.Thescientistsfoundnorelationshipbetweenweightandthestudents'raceorgender.Italsodidn'tmatterhowstricttheirparentswere,orwhethertheywereboysorgirls.Obesitystruckallofthesegroupsequally.Instead,sleepseemedtobethekeyfactor.Overthethreeyearsofstudy,thechildrenaveragedahealthy9.5hoursofsleepanight.Somekids,however,sleptalotmoreorlessthanothers.Forthesixthgraders,everyhourofsleepabovethe9.5houraveragewaslinkedtoa20percentlowerriskofbeingobese.Sleepappeareddoublyimportantforthethirdgraders.Everyextrahourofsleeptheygotwaslinkedtoa40percentdropinobesity.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceonparagraph2imply?A.Scientistshavefoundtheexactcausesofchildren'sobesity.B.ThereisalwayssomethingdifficulttounderstandthroughtheoryC.Thecause-effectrelationshipbetweenweightandsleepisn'tclear.D.Aperson'sweighthassomethingtodowiththeamountofhissleep.Whatdidtheinterviewfindout?A.9.5hoursofsleepanightisenoughforchildren.B.Themoreachildsleeps,thehealthierhewillbe.C.Sixthgradersneedmuchmoresleepthanthirdgraders.D.One'sraceorgenderhasnothingtodowithhisweight.Howdoestheauthordevelopthepassage?A.Bylistingfigures B.BycomparingdifferentopinionsC.Byprovidingexamples D.ByconductingasurveyWhatisthesuitabletitleforthepassage?A.ThebenefitsofenoughsleepforchildrenB.SleepinglessincreasestheriskofobesityC.Whichcomesfirst,littlesleeporobesityD.Howmanyhoursofsleepdochildrenneed?DAB【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，睡眠過少的小學(xué)生更容易發(fā)胖。1）考查句義猜測。劃線句表示的字面意思是“先有雞還是先有蛋 ”，結(jié)合上下文的內(nèi)容可知，文章引用這句話是為了表明“是睡眠少導(dǎo)致了肥胖還是肥胖導(dǎo)致了睡眠少 ”這個(gè)問題還沒有定論。第二段中的“Inotherwords,ithasn'tbeenclearwhetherkidswhoweightoomuchhavetroublesleeping,orwhethersleepinglessleadstoweightgain.Bothscenarios（可能出現(xiàn)的情況）seemedequallypossible.是解題的關(guān)鍵提示信息。故選” C。2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的 “Thescientistsfoundnorelationshipbetweenweightandthestudents'raceorgender.可知，面試的結(jié)果是一個(gè)人的種族或性別與他的體重沒有”TOC\o"1-5"\h\z任何關(guān)系。故選 D。3）考查寫作手法。本文介紹了一項(xiàng)研究，并列舉了很多同該研究相關(guān)的數(shù)據(jù)。故選 A。4）考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第一段中的 “Anewstudyhasfoundthatelementaryschoolstudentswhoslepttoolittleweremorelikelytogainpounds.可知，本文主要介紹了一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)”現(xiàn)，睡眠少會增加肥胖的概率。故選 B?！军c(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，句義猜測，寫作手法和主旨大意四個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇健康類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。8．閱讀理解Everest121minAdventure/Biography/DramaStoryline:AgroupofclimbersstarttheirfinalclimbtothesummitofMountEverest，thehighestpointonEarth.Withlittlewarning，aviolentstormstrikesthemountain，swallowingtheadventurers...Director:BaltasarKormakurStars:JasonClarke,AngPhulaSherpa,ThomasM.WrightAddtowatchlistWarRoom120minDramaStoryline:TonyandElizabethJordan,seeminglyhaveitall--greatjobs,abeautifuldaughter,theirdreamhome.Inreality,theirmarriagehasbeenawarzone.WithguidancefromMissClara,anolder,wiserwoman,Elizabethdiscoversshecanstartfightingforherfamilyinsteadofagainstthem.Director:AlexKendrickStars:PriscillaC.Shirer,T.C.Stalligs,KarenAbercrombieAddtowatchlistStraightOuttaCompton147minBiography/Drama/MusicStoryline:In1987,fiveyoungmen,usinghonestrhymes,puttheirfrustrationandangeraboutlifeintothemostpowerfulweapontheyhad:theirmusic.StraightOuttaComptontellsthetruestoryofhowtheseculturalrebels(叛逆者)stooduptotheauthoritiesthatmeanttokeepthemdownandformedtheworld'smostda