書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-昆明冶金高等專科學(xué)?？荚囇侯}卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Tendaysagotheyoungmaninformedhisbossofhisintentionto______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.resign

B.reject

C.retreat

D.replace

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.resign辭職，辭去（某職務(wù)）B.reject拒絕接受；不予考慮

C.retreat退卻；撤退D.replace代替，取代

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息informedhisboss（通知了他的老板）可推知，空格處表示“辭職”符合句意，該題選擇A項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D項(xiàng)不符合句意。

【句意】10天前，這個(gè)年輕人告訴他的老板他打算辭職。

2.單選題

Thisbook,______onlyappearedayearago,hasalreadygonethroughseveraleditions.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.that

B.which

C.when

D.who

【答案】B

【解析】考查非限定性定語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)這個(gè)句子可知主謂結(jié)構(gòu)完整，所以空格部分為定語(yǔ)從句；因?yàn)橹髡Z(yǔ)books后面有逗號(hào)，所以這是一個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句且先行詞為物，故排除A、D選項(xiàng)；C項(xiàng)when在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，不符合先行詞books；故只有B項(xiàng)正確。句意：這本書(shū)一年前才面市，就已經(jīng)修訂好幾次了。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

3.單選題

Althoughtheinsistenceonbalancingspendingagainsttaxrevenueshascontributedtotheeconomy’sstagnation,unfortunately,thegovernmentdoesnotseemlikelyto_______thisrigidpolicy.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.persistin

B.initiate

C.repudiate

D.continue

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)persistin“堅(jiān)持，固執(zhí)于”；B選項(xiàng)initiate“創(chuàng)始；發(fā)起”；C選項(xiàng)repudiate“拒絕；（正式）否認(rèn)；斷絕關(guān)系”；D選項(xiàng)continue“繼續(xù)；連續(xù)”。句意：盡管堅(jiān)持收支平衡導(dǎo)致經(jīng)濟(jì)停滯，不幸的是，政府似乎不太可能_______這個(gè)僵化的政策。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，這里指堅(jiān)持收支平衡這個(gè)僵化的政策讓經(jīng)濟(jì)停滯，但政府大有可能繼續(xù)堅(jiān)持這個(gè)政策，所以repudiate“（正式）否認(rèn)”符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

Veryoften,thehumaneyeandbraincanrecognizefamiliarconfigurationsevenifallbutafewsignificantdatapointsareleftout.Itisthiscreativepowerofperceptionthatmaysomedayallowprofoundlydeafpeopletoconverseinsignlanguageoveraspecial“telephone”,Researchershavefoundthatthirteenspotsoflightoneachhandandonespotonthenose-toshowheadnotionandprovideareferencepointforhandpositionaresufficientforintelligiblerenderingofAmericanSignLanguage.Thebrightspotsareproducedbyattachingpiecesofreflectivetapetothenose,fingertips,wrists,andbacksofthesecondknucklesandadjustingaclosed-circuittelevisionsystemsothatonlythebrightspotsappearonthescreenofthereceiver.Afterafewminutesoffamiliarization,pairsofdeafpeopleareabletoconversefreelyovertelevision.Deafpeopleandothersignreaderscanofcourse,understandsignlanguageandwrittensubtitlesoncommercialtelevision.Butwidespreadlink-upsoftelevisionsystemsforpersonalcommunicationsareeconomicallyimpossiblebecauseastandardpicturerequiresaboutonethousandtimesmoreinformationthanatelephonecircuitcancarry.Theresearchersthinkitlikelythatthesimplifiedpictureoftwenty-sevenmovingdotsusedintheirexperimentscanbereducedtothecapacityofatelephoneline.

1.Accordingtothepassage,thepersonviewingtheclosed-circuitscreensees（）.

2.Whatcausesthebrightspotsmentionedinthispassage?

3.Accordingtothepassage,howlongwouldittakeapersonwhoknowssignlanguagetobecomeaccustomedtousingthenewdevice?

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatsometelevisionbroadcastsalreadyincludewhichofthefollowing?

5.Thephrase“thiscreativepowerofperception”refersto（）.

6.Theword“converse”inline3means（）.

7.Asforthefuturedevelopmentofthelink-upsoftelevisionsystemsforpersonalcommunication,theresearchersseemstobe（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.brightspots

B.twohandsandaface

C.thepersonusingsignlanguage

D.awrittenmessage

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Specialtape

B.Specialmovablepoints

C.Smalllightbulbs

D.Smallmirrors

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Lessthananhour

B.Threetofourhours

C.Oneday

D.Severalweeks

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Advertisingforthenewproduct.

B.Instructioninhowtocommunicateinsignlanguage.

C.Programssubtitledfordeafpeople.

D.Personalconversationwithdeafpeople.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.thephenomenonthatdeafpeoplecanhearwhatisspoken.

B.thefactthatthehumaneyeandbraincanrecognizefamiliarconfigurations.

C.theissuethatdeafpeoplecanperceptwhatisshowntothem.

D.thethingthatdeafpeoplecanwritetoeachother.

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.see

B.talk

C.watch

D.write

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.pessimistic

B.hesitant

C.retreating

D.optimistic

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:B

第6題:B

第7題:D

【解析】1.根據(jù)原文“...adjustingaclosed-circuittelevisionsystemsothatonlythebrightspotsappearonthescreenofthereceiver.”調(diào)整閉路電視系統(tǒng),使接收器的屏幕上只出現(xiàn)亮點(diǎn),選項(xiàng)A正確。

2.根據(jù)原文“Thebrightspotsareproducedbyattachingpiecesofreflectivetapetothenose,fingertips,wrists,andbacksofthesecondknuckles...”這些亮點(diǎn)是通過(guò)在鼻子、指尖、手腕和背部第二個(gè)關(guān)節(jié)粘上反光膠帶而產(chǎn)生的...。選項(xiàng)A正確。

3.根據(jù)原文“Afterafewminutesoffamiliarization,pairsofdeafpeopleareabletoconversefreelyovertelevision.”可知,只需幾分鐘的時(shí)間便可熟悉,選項(xiàng)A正確。

4.根據(jù)原文“Deafpeopleandothersignreaderscanofcourse,understandsignlanguageandwrittensubtitlesoncommercialtelevision.”耳聾的人和其他手語(yǔ)者當(dāng)然可以理解手語(yǔ),并且商業(yè)電視上也有字幕。由此可知,電視廣播中已有的是為耳聾的人提供的字幕。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

5.根據(jù)原文可知,“thiscreativepowerofperception”指的是上句提到的“...thehumaneyeandbraincanrecognizefamiliarconfigurations...”人類的眼睛和大腦可以識(shí)別熟悉的結(jié)構(gòu)。選項(xiàng)B正確。

6.根據(jù)原文句意可知,這里指耳聾的人通過(guò)一種特制的“電話”進(jìn)行交談,所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

7.根據(jù)原文最后一句話,研究人員認(rèn)為,在他們的實(shí)驗(yàn)中使用的27個(gè)移動(dòng)點(diǎn)的簡(jiǎn)化圖片,可能可以縮小到電話線的容量。由此可推測(cè),研究人員的態(tài)度是樂(lè)觀的。選項(xiàng)D正確。

5.單選題

Agoodscientist（

）intoallaspectsofaprobleminordertofindsolutions.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.pricks

B.pokes

C.probes

D.peers

【答案】C

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)prick“戳，扎破”；B選項(xiàng)poke“戳，刺”；C選項(xiàng)probe“調(diào)查”；D選項(xiàng)peer“凝視”。句意：一個(gè)好的科學(xué)家會(huì)對(duì)調(diào)查問(wèn)題的各個(gè)方面，以便找到解決辦法。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

6.單選題

Howmanyofus（

）,say,ameetingthatisirrelevanttouswouldbeinterestedinthediscussion?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.attended

B.attending

C.toattend

D.haveattended

【答案】B

【解析】考查分詞作定語(yǔ)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，“say”為插入語(yǔ)，“thatisirrelevanttous”為定語(yǔ)，句中主干為：Howmanyofus

ameetingwouldbeinterestedinthediscussion?wouldbeinterestedin是謂語(yǔ)，那么空格處為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞us。不定式作定語(yǔ)表未發(fā)生的，現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)表主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所指的時(shí)間既可以指過(guò)去，也可指現(xiàn)在。過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)表被動(dòng)關(guān)系，因此選B。

句意：比如說(shuō)，參加一個(gè)與我們毫不相干的會(huì)議，那么我們當(dāng)中有多少人會(huì)對(duì)會(huì)議上的討論感興趣呢？

7.單選題

We’dliketo（）atableforfivefordinnerthisevening.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.preserve

B.reserve

C.sustain

D.retain

【答案】B

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析。preserve保留;reserve預(yù)訂，預(yù)約;sustain維持;retain保持,持有。句意:今晚我們想

一張五個(gè)人的餐桌。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

8.單選題

Storesandsupermarketshavebeen（）witheachothertoattractcustomers.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.striving

B.vying

C.conquering

D.sprouting

【答案】B

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。striving“奮斗，力爭(zhēng)”；vying“使針?shù)h相對(duì)”；conquering“戰(zhàn)勝，征服”；sprouting“使發(fā)芽；使萌芽”。句意：商店和超市針?shù)h相對(duì)，都想要吸引顧客。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

9.單選題

AllprogramscelebratingtheSpringFestivalintheCCTVhavebeen（relayed）toevenpartoftheworldthroughsatellites.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.received

B.reserved

C.rebroadcast

D.enjoyed

【答案】C

【解析】句意：央視所有慶祝春節(jié)的節(jié)目都通過(guò)衛(wèi)星轉(zhuǎn)播到世界各地。劃線詞的前綴是re-，選項(xiàng)A和B不符合句意，所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

10.單選題

Asamotivationalspeaker,CarolineMillerknowsafewthingsaboutusingmentalexercisestoachievegoals.Butlastyear,oneexerciseshewasaskedtotrytookherbysurprise.Everynight,shewastothinkofthreegoodthingsthathappenedthatdayandanalyzewhytheyoccurred.Thatwassupposedtoincreaseheroverallhappiness.“Ithoughtitwastoosimpletobeeffective”,saidMiller.“IwenttoHarvard.I’musedtothingsbeingcomplicated.”But,thequalityofherdreamsdidchangeandshedidfeelhappier.

Thatexerciseisoneofseveralthathaveshownpreliminarypromiseinrecentresearchintohowpeoplecanmakethemselveshappier—notjustforadayortwo,butlong-term.It’spartofalargerbodyofworkthatchallengesalong-standingskepticismaboutwhetherthat’sevenpossible.

Fordecades,awidelyacceptedviewhasbeenthatpeoplearesuckwithabasicsettingontheirhappinessthermostat.Itsaystheeffectsofgoodorbadlifeeventslikemarriage,araise,divorce,ordisabilitywillsimplyfadewithtime.Weadapttothemjustlikewestopnoticingbadodorfrombehindthelivingroomcouchafterawhile.

Butrecentlong-termstudieshaverevealedthatthehappinessthermostatismoremalleablethanthepopulartheorymaintained.“Set-pointisnotdestiny,”sayspsychologistEdDieneroftheUniversityofIllinois.

Thethink-of-three-good-thingsexercisethatMillerfoundsosimplisticatfirstisamongthosebeingtestedbyMartinSeligmanattheUniversityofPennsylvania.Peoplekeepdoingitontheirownbecauseit’simmediatelyrewarding.Itmakespeoplefocusmoreongoodthings,whichmightotherwisebeforgotten,becauseofdailydisappointments.

SonjaLyubomirsky,apsychologistattheUniversityofCalifornia,meanwhile,istestingsomeothersimplestrategies.“Thisisnotrocketscience,”shesaid.Forexample,participantswereaskedtoregularlypracticerandomactsofkindness,thingslikeholdingadooropenforastranger,for10weeks.Participantswhoperformedavarietyofacts,ratherthanrepeatingthesameones,showedanincreaseinhappinessevenamonthaftertheexperimentwasconcluded.Thosewhokeptondoingtheactsontheirowndidbetterthanthosewhodidn’t.

Butshealsosaidanylong-termeffectwillprobablydependonpeoplecontinuingtoworkatit.“Happinessistheprocessnottheplace.Somanyofusthinkthatwhenwegeteverythingjustright,wewillbehappy…Butoncewegeteverythinginplace,westillneednewgoalsandactivities.ThePrincesscouldnotjuststopwhenshegotthePrince.”

1.ForMiller,thethink-of-three-good-thingsexercise（）.

2.Accordingtothewidelyacceptedviewabouthappiness,（）.

3.ResultsfromseparatetestsbyMartinSeligmanandSonjaLyubomirskybothshowthat（）.

4.“ThePrincesscouldnotjuststopwhenshegotthePrince.”suggeststhat（）.

5.Thepassageismainlywrittento（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.turnedouttobeadisaster

B.wasunexpectedlyeffective

C.producedamixedoutcome

D.wastoosimpletobeuseful

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.goodeventsmakeiteasierforpeopletoenjoyahappierlife

B.littlemaycomeoutofpeople’seffortstoahappierlife

C.itisnothingwrongforpeopletowishtohaveahappierlife

D.people’sadaptationskillsmaybethekeytoahappierlife

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.theeffectsofsomeeffectivestrategiesmaynotlast

B.itisnecessaryforpeopletotryalltheusefu1strategies

C.thesamestrategyhasdifferenteffectsondifferentpeople

D.simplestrategiescanactuallymakepeoplefeelhappier

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.changesinlifegoalsmaynotaffectthelong-termhappiness

B.cherishingwhatyouhaveisthewaytoalong-termhappiness

C.continuedeffortsareneededtoensurealong-termhappiness

D.itisimpossibleforpeopletoachievealong-termhappiness

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.helppeoplereconsiderthevalueofhappiness

B.comparethedifferentstrategiestohappiness

C.confirmthepopulartheoryofhappiness

D.introducethelateststudiesonhappiness

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.語(yǔ)義推測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段第四到八句Thatwassupposedtoincreaseheroverallhappiness.“Ithoughtitwastoosimpletobeeffective”,saidMiller…But,thequalityofherdreamsdidchangeandshedidfeelhappier.（這應(yīng)該會(huì)增加她的整體幸福感。米勒說(shuō)：“我認(rèn)為這太簡(jiǎn)單了，根本不起作用……但是，她的夢(mèng)的質(zhì)量確實(shí)改變了，她感到更快樂(lè)了。），可知B選項(xiàng)“意想不到的好”正確，D選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)樘?jiǎn)單，所以沒(méi)效果”錯(cuò)誤，A選項(xiàng)“是一場(chǎng)災(zāi)難”錯(cuò)誤。D選項(xiàng)“喜憂參半的結(jié)果”：沒(méi)有提到消極的影響。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

2.語(yǔ)義推測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段第二、三句theeffectsofgoodorbadlifeeventslikemarriage,araise,divorce,ordisabilitywillsimplyfadewithtime.Weadapttothemjustlikewestopnoticingbadodorfrombehindthelivingroomcouchafterawhile.（生活中好事或壞事的影響，如結(jié)婚、加薪、離婚或殘疾，都會(huì)隨著時(shí)間而逐漸消失。我們適應(yīng)了它們，就像一段時(shí)間后我們不再注意客廳沙發(fā)的難聞氣味一樣。），可知這里說(shuō)好事和壞事的影響都不會(huì)長(zhǎng)久，故A選項(xiàng)“好的事件使人們更容易享受幸福的生活”錯(cuò)誤；因?yàn)椴婚L(zhǎng)久，所以努力也可能沒(méi)多大用，故B選項(xiàng)“人們?yōu)樾腋Ｉ钏龅呐赡苁招跷ⅰ闭_；不長(zhǎng)久的原因是習(xí)慣了那種感覺(jué)，就像會(huì)習(xí)慣沙發(fā)的氣味一樣，原文的adopt傾向于習(xí)慣某件事，和D選項(xiàng)“人們的適應(yīng)能力也許是幸福生活的關(guān)鍵”中的適應(yīng)能力不同，故D選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)“人們希望擁有更幸福的生活沒(méi)有錯(cuò)”不是主要觀點(diǎn)，沒(méi)有討論追求幸福是對(duì)是錯(cuò)的問(wèn)題，故錯(cuò)誤。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

3.語(yǔ)義推測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段Miller做的簡(jiǎn)單的測(cè)試感覺(jué)到更快樂(lè)，參考36題答案解析，以及第五段第一句Thethink-of-three-good-thingsexercisethatMillerfoundsosimplistic…testedbyMartinSeligman（MartinSeligman進(jìn)行了測(cè)試，米勒一開(kāi)始認(rèn)為思考三件好事的策略過(guò)于簡(jiǎn)單。），以及根據(jù)第六段SonjaLyubomirsky…testingsomeothersimplestrategies.（SonjaLyubomirsky正在測(cè)試一些其他的簡(jiǎn)單策略）和showedanincreaseinhappinessevenamonthaftertheexperiment（即使在一個(gè)月之后，幸福感仍有所提高），可知兩人都做的簡(jiǎn)單測(cè)試，并且讓人感覺(jué)更幸福，并且持久，故D選項(xiàng)“簡(jiǎn)單的策略實(shí)際上可以讓人們感覺(jué)更快樂(lè)”正確，A選項(xiàng)“有的有效策略的效果也許不能持久”錯(cuò)誤。B選項(xiàng)“人們有必要嘗試所有有用的策略”：根據(jù)第六段Participantswhoperformedavarietyofacts（參與者做不同動(dòng)作），這不代表要嘗試所有有用的策略。C選項(xiàng)“同樣的策略對(duì)不同的人有不同的影響”：沒(méi)有提到不同的影響，測(cè)試結(jié)果都是正向的。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

4.語(yǔ)義推測(cè)題。根據(jù)第七段倒數(shù)第二句oncewegeteverythinginplace,westillneednewgoalsandactivities（一旦我們把每件事都做好了，我們?nèi)匀恍枰碌哪繕?biāo)和活動(dòng)），可知幸福需要持續(xù)擁有目標(biāo)和實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)，通過(guò)這樣獲得長(zhǎng)期的幸福，故C選項(xiàng)“需要持續(xù)的努力來(lái)確保長(zhǎng)期的幸福”正確，A選項(xiàng)“生活目標(biāo)的改變可能不會(huì)影響長(zhǎng)期的幸福”錯(cuò)誤，D選項(xiàng)“人們不可能獲得長(zhǎng)期的幸?！卞e(cuò)誤。B選項(xiàng)“珍惜你所擁有的是長(zhǎng)久幸福的途徑”：珍惜在文中沒(méi)有提到。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

5.主旨大意題。作者通過(guò)顛覆大多數(shù)人對(duì)快樂(lè)的理解，再引出自己對(duì)快樂(lè)的理解，想要人們重新思考幸福，故A選項(xiàng)“幫助人們重新思考幸福的價(jià)值”正確。B選項(xiàng)“比較不同的幸福策略”：文中通過(guò)例子可知幸福的策略很簡(jiǎn)單，沒(méi)有強(qiáng)調(diào)各個(gè)方法的不同點(diǎn)。C選項(xiàng)“證實(shí)流行的幸福理論”：文中說(shuō)的幸福策略恰恰跟很多人想的不一樣，作者講的策略并不流行。D選項(xiàng)“介紹關(guān)于幸福的最新研究”：文章沒(méi)有提到這些信息是否是最近的。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

11.單選題

MybosshasfailedmesomanytimesthatInolongerplaceany（

）onwhathepromises.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.conformity

B.probability

C.reliance

D.assurance

【答案】C

【解析】名詞詞義辨析。conformity“遵守，一致”；probability“可能性，幾率”；reliance“信賴，信心”；assurance“保證，擔(dān)保”。句意：我的老板多次失信于我，所以我不再相信他的承諾。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

12.單選題

Ourattitudetowardourteachersshouldbe（）,butnotslavishorsuperstitious.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.respectable

B.respected

C.respective

D.respectful

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)respectable“值得尊敬的；人格高尚的；相當(dāng)數(shù)量的”；B選項(xiàng)respected“受尊敬的”；C選項(xiàng)respective“分別的，各自的”；D選項(xiàng)respectful“恭敬的；有禮貌的”。句意：我們對(duì)待老師的態(tài)度應(yīng)該是恭敬的，但卻不應(yīng)該是盲從的或迷信的。根據(jù)句中“Ourattitudetowardourteacher我們對(duì)待老師的態(tài)度”可知“恭敬的”符合語(yǔ)境，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

13.單選題

Gotmilk?Beveryafraid.Or,preferably,abitskeptical.Somefolksareabouttotrytoconvinceyouthatmilkistoxic.Buttherealquestionis,what’smoredangeroustoyourhealth:milk,orcelebritiesandactivistsembarkedonthelatesttrendycrusade（改革）？Thismonthmarksthepublicity-pumpeddebutoftheAntiDairyCoalition,abandofphysicians,self-described“Holly-woodpersonalities”andotherswhodecrywhattheycall“thehealthandnutritionalrisksofconsumingdairyproducts”.

Thecoalition,includingitsspokes-Jeremiah,writerGeorgePlimpton,wouldhaveyoubelievethatmilkcausesheartdisease,cancerinfections,asthma,allergiesandtuberculosis.RobertCohen,founderoftheADC（andauthorofMilk:TheDeadlyPoison,writes:“TheFountainofYouthandcuretoillnesscanbeobtainedbygivingupmilk.”）

Hyperboleaside,theADCisspotlightingaquestionhotlydebatedbyeveryonefromnutritioniststoparents.Manypatientsaskdoctorswhethertheyshouldgiveupmilk,likethatsupermodeltheysawinterviewedonTV.Andtobesure,theADC’soverwroughtclaimsdohavesomescientificbasis.

Takeheartdisease.Foodslikebutter,cheese,icecreamandwholemilkarepackedwithsaturatedfat（飽和脂肪）,whichblocksarteries（動(dòng)脈）andcanleadtoheartattacks.That’swhymostnutritionistsadviseswitchingtolow-fatorskimmilkandeatingmoreyogurtandcottagecheesethanHaagen-DazsandBrie.Evenskimmilk,though,cantriggerallergiesinsomepeople,includinginfants,whoinanycasewillgetmoreironandotherkeynutrientsfrombreastmilkorformula.

Somustyoufleefrommilkentirely?Yes,saysCohen,whoholdsthatskimmilkisthedevil’sbrew.It’sfullof—areyousittingdown?—Protein.Andhere’swheretheADCstartstwistingthefactstoreachwildconclusions.Allergiesarefrequentlytriggeredbyproteins（true;asthmaisanallergiccondition（true;it’sbeenincreasingdramatically（true;doctorsdon’tknowthecause（true;therefore,theproteininmilkmustbetheculprit（罪魁禍?zhǔn)祝?/p>

AsimilarleapofillogicassumesthatbecausewomenintheNetherlands.Denmark,NorwayandSwedenconsumelotsofmilkandalsosufferhighratesofbreastcancer;theformermustcausethelatter.AnotherclunkerisCohen’sclaimthatwidespreadlactoseintolerance（乳糖不耐受）—theinabilitytodigestdairyproducts—meansmilkisoflittleuseasasourceofcalcium.Infact,manycasesoflactoseintolerancearemildandinterfereonlyslightlywithcalciumuptake.Manypeopleintolerantofmilkcaneasilydigestyogurt.Andlactasetablets（乳糖分解酵素片）canmakedairyproductsdigestibleeveninseverecases.

Ifmilkisn’ttheperfectfood,it’sstillgotsomebigthingsgoingforit.It’saninexpensivesourceofcalcium,protein,potassiumandothervitaminsandminerals.Andunlikeothersourcesofcalcium,suchas,say,steamedkale,milkisafoodkidswilleat.TheADCfeelsthatmilkistherootofmosthumanmaladies（疾?。?butIcanpointtoothersingle-issueobsessivewhoinsistthevillainismeatorwheatorsugarorsomeothersubstancethatourspecieshaslongandhappilyconsumed.Ioftenlearnsomethingbyexaminingtheirclaims.ButIkeepcoiningbacktothemainstreamnutritionists,whoemphasizeabalanceddietandadvisemoderationinallthings.

1.TheADCholdsthatgivingupmilkwillcausethefollowingdiseasesEXCEPT（）

2.Thewriterthinksthatmilk（）.

3.Itisclearfromthepassagethat（）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,ifyousufferfromlactoseintolerance（）.

5.Wecanconcludefromthepassagethatthewriteris（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.breastcancer

B.diabetes

C.heartdisease

D.lungdisease

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.istoxicandweshouldgiveitup

B.isverynutritiousandweshouldconsumeitasmuchaspossible

C.isthemostidealfood

D.hasitsplusesandminusesandweshouldconsumeitsensibly

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.thewriterisofthesameopinionaboutmilkwiththeADC

B.thewriterregardsmilkastherootofmosthumandiseases

C.thewriteradvisespeopletostayoutoftroublewithmilk

D.thewriter’sopinionaboutmilkdiffersgreatlyfromtheADC’s

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.youhadbettergiveupmilkentirely

B.youshouldhavelessmilkeveryday

C.youcantakelactasewhichcatalyzes（催化）lactoseintoglucose（葡萄糖）andgalactose（半乳糖）

D.youmustseeadoctoratonce

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.anunprejudicedperson

B.anopinionatedperson

C.aworldlyperson

D.awisebutpeculiarperson

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)題第二段的第一句“milkcausesheartdisease,cancerinfections,asthma,allergiesandtuberculosis.”cancerinfections和選項(xiàng)A對(duì)應(yīng)；heartdisease和選項(xiàng)C對(duì)應(yīng)；tuberculosis（肺結(jié)核）和選項(xiàng)D對(duì)應(yīng)。只有選項(xiàng)B（糖尿?。](méi)有提及。

2.細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的前三句可知，作者認(rèn)為牛奶有好處也有壞處，所以要適量攝取。選項(xiàng)A，B，C表述都太絕對(duì)，所以不正確；選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

3.細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)最后一段的第四句“TheADCfeelsthatmilkistherootofmosthumanmaladies...”以及第二段的最后一句“TheFountainofYouthandcuretoillnesscanbeobtainedbygivingupmilk.”可知選項(xiàng)B和C都是ADC的觀點(diǎn)；根據(jù)原文內(nèi)容可知，作者和ADC的觀點(diǎn)是完全不同的，所以本題選D。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“l(fā)actoseintolerance”定位到第六段第三句“widespreadlactoseintolerance—theinabilitytodigestdairyproducts—meansmilkisoflittleuseasasourceofcalcium.”選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

5.細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)第三段的最后一句“Andtobesure,theADC’soverwroughtclaimsdohavesomescientificbasis.”以及最后一段的內(nèi)容可知作者是一個(gè)公平公正的人，因?yàn)樗m然不贊同ADC的觀點(diǎn)，但也沒(méi)有完全否定。所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

14.單選題

Povertyanddomesticviolencemakeiteasyforhertotrustthatbadthingswillhappenandtakethis（）happinessaway.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.adversary

B.vulgar

C.fragile

D.superfluous

【答案】C

【解析】形容詞辨析題。adversary敵手，對(duì)手；vulgar粗俗的，本土的；fragile脆的，易碎的；superfluous多余的。句意：貧窮和家庭暴力讓她很容易相信壞事會(huì)發(fā)生，并帶走這種脆弱的幸福。只有選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

15.單選題

Putondarkglassesorthesunwill（

）youandyouwon’tbeabletosee.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.discern

B.distort

C.distract

D.dazzle

【答案】D

【解析】考查形近義異詞解析。discern“辨別，看清楚”;distort“扭曲，曲解”；distract“轉(zhuǎn)移，分心”；dazzle“使……目眩，使……眼花”。句子的意思為：戴上太陽(yáng)眼鏡，否則陽(yáng)光很刺眼，會(huì)讓你看不見(jiàn)任何東西。選項(xiàng)D符合題意

16.單選題

Aviolentthunderstormwas（）asdarkcloudswerecollectingoverhead.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.eminent

B.imminent

C.instantaneous

D.simultaneous

【答案】B

【解析】eminent杰出的；imminent即將來(lái)臨的；instantaneous即時(shí)的；simultaneous同時(shí)的。句意：當(dāng)烏云在頭頂聚集時(shí),一場(chǎng)暴風(fēng)雨即將到來(lái)。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

17.單選題

Anumberoffactorsrelatedtothevoicerevealthepersonalityofthespeaker.Thefirstisthebroadareaofcommunication,whichincludesimpartinginformationbyuseoflanguage,communicatingwithagrouporanindividual,andspecializedcommunicationthroughperformance.Apersonconveysthoughtsandideasthroughchoiceofwords,byatoneofvoicethatispleasantorunpleasant,gentleorharsh,bytherhythmthatisinherentwithinthelanguageitself,andbyspeechrhythmsthatareflowingandregularorunevenandhesitant,andfinally,bythepitchandmelodyoftheutterance.Whenspeakingbeforeagroup,aperson’stonemayindicateunsurenessorfright,confidenceorcalm.Atinterpersonallevels,thetonemayreflectideasandfeelingsoverandabovethewordschosen,ormaybeliethem.Heretheconversant’stonecanconsciouslyorunconsciouslyreflectintuitivesympathyorantipathy,lackofconcernorinterest,fatigue,anxiety,enthusiasmorexcitement,allofwhichareusuallydiscerniblebytheacutelistener.Publicperformanceisamannerofcommunicationthatishighlyspecializedwithitsowntechniquesforobtainingeffectsbyvoiceand/orgesture.Themotivationderivedfromthetext,andinthecaseofsinging,themusic,incombinationwiththeperformer’sskills,personality,andabilitytocreateempathywilldeterminethesuccessofartistic,political,orpedagogiccommunication.

Second,thevoicegivespsychologicalcluestoaperson’sself-image,perceptionofothers,andemotionalhealth.Self-imagecanbeindicatedbyatoneofvoicethatisconfident,pretentious,shy,aggressive,outgoing,orexuberant,tonameonlyafewpersonalitytraits.Alsothesoundmaygiveacluetothefacadeormaskofthatperson,forexample,ashypersonhidingbehindanoverconfidentfront.Howaspeakerperceivesthelistener’sreceptiveness,interest,orsympathyinanygivenconversationcandrasticallyalterthetoneofpresentation,byencouragingordiscouragingthespeaker.Emotionalhealthisevidencedinthevoicebyfreeandmelodicsoundsofthehappy,byconstrictedandharshsoundoftheangry,andbydullandlethargicqualitiesofthedepressed.

1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

2.Whatdoestheauthormeanbystatingthat,atinterpersonallevels,tonemayreflectideasandfeelingsoverandabovethewordschosen(lines8-9)?

3.Whydoestheauthormentionartistic,political,orpedagogiccommunicationinline15?

4.Accordingtothepassage,anexuberanttoneofvoicemaybeanindicationofaperson’s

5.Accordingtothepassage,whatdoesaconstrictedandharshvoiceindicate?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Thefunctionofthevoiceinperformance

B.Theconnectionbetweenvoiceandpersonality

C.Communicationstyles

D.Theproductionofspeech

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Feelingsareexpressedwithdifferentwordsthanideasare.

B.Thetoneofvoicecancarryinformationbeyondthemeaningofwords.

C.Ahightoneofvoicereflectsanemotionalcommunication.

D.Feelingsaremoredifficulttoexpressthanideas.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Asexamplesofpublicperformance.

B.Asexamplesofbasicstylesofcommunication

C.Tocontrastthemtosinging

D.Tointroducetheideaofself-image

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.generalphysicalhealth

B.personality

C.abilitytocommunicate

D.vocalquality

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.lethargy

B.depression

C.boredom

D.anger

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.文章第一段第一句話便是全文的中心句Anumberoffactorsrelatedtothevoicerevealthepersonalityofthespeaker.（與說(shuō)話嗓音有關(guān)的一些因素顯露出說(shuō)話者的個(gè)性）。選項(xiàng)B“嗓音與個(gè)性的聯(lián)系”符合題意。

2.文章第一段Heretheconversant’stonecanconsciouslyorunconsciouslyreflectintuitivesympathyorantipathy,lackofconcernorinterest,fatigue,anxiety,enthusiasmorexcitement,allofwhichareusuallydiscerniblebytheacutelistener提到交談?wù)叩恼Z(yǔ)氣有意或者無(wú)意地表達(dá)出直觀的同情或反感，冷漠或感興趣，疲勞、緊張、熱情或激動(dòng)等等。選項(xiàng)B“語(yǔ)氣可能帶著超越言語(yǔ)意思的信息”符合題意。

3.文章第一段Publicperformanceisamannerofcommunicationthatishighlyspecializedwithitsowntechniquesforobtainingeffectsbyvoiceand/orgesture提到公開(kāi)表演是一種高度專業(yè)的交流方式，需要通過(guò)聲音的技巧或手勢(shì)來(lái)取得所需要的效果，題目中artistic,political等都屬于這一類公開(kāi)表演。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

4.文章第二段Self-imagecanbeindicatedbyatoneofvoicethatisconfident,pretentious,shy,aggressive,outgoing,orexuberant,tonameonlyafewpersonalitytraits提到自我形象可以通過(guò)語(yǔ)氣來(lái)表明，比如自信、傲慢、害羞、挑釁、友好等等，這些都是個(gè)性的特點(diǎn)。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

5.文章第二段byconstrictedandharshsoundoftheangry可知選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

18.翻譯題

天空還是一片淺藍(lán)，顏色很淡。轉(zhuǎn)眼間天邊出現(xiàn)了一道紅霞，慢慢地在擴(kuò)大它的范圍，加強(qiáng)它的亮點(diǎn)。我知道太陽(yáng)要從天邊升起來(lái)了，便目不轉(zhuǎn)睛地望著那里。

果然，過(guò)了一會(huì)兒，在那個(gè)地方出現(xiàn)了太陽(yáng)的小半邊臉，紅是真紅，卻沒(méi)有亮光。這個(gè)太陽(yáng)好像負(fù)著重荷似的一步一步、慢慢地努力上升，到了最后，終于沖破了云霞，完全跳出了海面，顏色紅得非?？蓯?ài)。一剎那間，這個(gè)深紅的圓東西，忽然發(fā)出了奪目的亮光，射得人眼睛發(fā)痛，它旁邊的云片也突然有了光彩。有時(shí)太陽(yáng)走進(jìn)云層里，它的光線卻從云里射下來(lái)，直射到水面上。這時(shí)候，要分辨出哪里是水，哪里是天，倒也不容易，因?yàn)槲揖椭豢匆?jiàn)一片燦爛的亮光。

【答案】Theskywasstilllightblue,andthecolorispale.Allatoncearedglowappearedonthehorizon,slowlyexpandingitsscopeandintensifyingitsbrightness.Iknewthesunwasabouttoriseinthesky,soIkeptmyeyesfixedonit.

Asexpected,thesunappearedsoonshowinghalfofhisface,whichisveryredbutnotbright.

Itkeptrisinglaboriouslybitbybitasifweighteddownwithaheavyburdenonitsback.Finallyitbrokethroughtherosyclouds,completelyjumpedoutoftheseawithalovelyred.Allofasudden,beforeIknewit,thecrimsonorbbegantoshinebrightly,dazzlingmyeyesuntiltheystungandsuddenlylightingupthesurroundingcloud.Sometimesthesunwentintoacloud,butitsrayscamedownfromthecloudandhittheseastraight.Itwasnoteasytotellthedifferencebetweentheseaandthesky,forallIcouldseewasawideexpanseofbrilliantlight.

19.單選題

Aninvisibleborderdividesthosearguingforcomputersintheclassroomonthebehalfofstudents’careerprospectsandthosearguingforcomputersintheclassroomforbroaderreasonsofradicaleducationalreform.Veryfewwritersonthesubjecthaveexploredthisdistinction—whichgoestotheheartofwhatiswrongwiththecampaigntoputcomputersintheclassroom.

Aneducationthataimsatgettingastudentacertainkindofjobisatechnicaleducation,justifiedforreasonsradicallydifferentfromwhyeducationisuniversallyrequiredbylaw.Itisnotsimplytoraiseeveryone’sjobprospectsthatallchildrenarelegallyrequiredtoattendschoolintotheirteens.Rather,wehaveacertainconceptionoftheAmericancitizen,acharacterwhoisincompleteifhecannotcompetentlyassesshowhislivelihoodandhappinessareaffectedbythingsoutsideofhimself.Butthiswasnotalwaysthecase;beforeitwaslegallyrequiredforallchildrentoattendschooluntilacertainage,itwaswidelyacceptedthatsomewerejustnotequippedbynaturetopursuethiskindofeducation.Withoptimismcharacteristicallindustrializedcountries,wecametoacceptthateveryoneisfittobeeducated.Compute-educationadvocatesforsakethisoptimisticnotionforapessimismthatbetraystheirotherwisecheeryoutlook.Bankingontheconfusionbetweeneducationalandvocationalreasonsforbringingcomputersintoschools;computeradvocatesoftenemphasizethejobprospectsofgraduatesovertheireducationalachievement.

Therearesomegoodargumentsforatechnicaleducationgiventherightkindofstudent.ManyEuropeanschoolsintroducetheconceptofprofessionaltrainingearlyoninordertomakesurechildrenareproperlyequippedfortheprofessionstheywanttojoin.Itis,however,presumptuoustoinsistthattherewillonlybesomanyjobsforsomanyscientists,somanybusinessmen,andsomanyacco