書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-新疆農(nóng)業(yè)職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題

Youneedtorewritethissentencebecauseitis

;thereaderswillhavedifficultyinunderstandingit.

問題1選項

A.comprehensive

B.alternative

C.confused

D.ambiguous

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。Comprehensive“綜合的”；alternative“供選擇的”；confused“困惑的”；ambiguous“模糊不清的”。句意：你需要重寫這個句子，因為它模糊不清，讀者理解起來會有困難。選項D符合題意。

2.單選題

Despitehisdisappointingrecordthisyear,I（）feelheisthebestmaninourteam.

問題1選項

A.however

B.therefore

C.nonetheless

D.otherwise

【答案】C

【解析】Normal07.8磅02falsefalsefalseEN-USZH-CNX-NONE

考查副詞詞義辨析。A選項however表示“然而，可是”，表轉(zhuǎn)折，后面必須用逗號隔開；B選項therefore表示“所以，因此”；C選項nonetheless表示“盡管如此，但是”；D選項otherwise表示“否則”。由Despite“盡管”可知，空缺處應(yīng)表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，因此只有C符合句意。A項however雖然也表示轉(zhuǎn)折，但后面必須用逗號隔開；【句意】雖然他今年的成績差強人意，但我仍然覺得他是我們隊最好的球員。

3.單選題

Thehumanearcontainstheorganforhearingandtheorganforbalance.Bothorgansinvolvefluid-filledchannelscontaininghaircellsthatproduceelectrochemicalimpulseswhenthehairsarestimulatedbymovingfluid.

Theearcanbedividedintothreeregions:outer,middle,andinner.Theouterearcollectssoundwavesanddirectsthemtotheeardrumseparatingtheouterearfromthemiddleear.Themiddleearconductssoundvibrationsthroughthreesmallbonestotheinnerear.Theinnerearisanetworkofchannelscontainingfluidthatmovesinresponsetosoundormovement.

Toperformthefunctionofhearing,theearconvertstheenergyofpressurewavesmovingthroughtheairintonerveimpulsesthatthebrainperceivesassound.Vibratingobjects,suchasthevocalcordsofaspeakingperson,createwavesinthesurroundingair.Thesewavescausetheeardrumtovibratewiththesamefrequency.Thethreebonesofthemiddleearamplifyandtransmitthevibrationstotheovalwindow,amembraneonthesurfaceofthecochlea,theorganofhearing.Vibrationsoftheovalwindowproducepressurewavesinthefluidinsidethecochlea.Haircellsinthecochleaconverttheenergyofthevibratingfluidintoimpulsesthattravelalongtheauditorynervetothebrain.

Theorganforbalanceisalsolocatedintheinnerear.Sensationsrelatedtobodypositionaregeneratedmuchlikesensationsofsound.Haircellsintheinnerearrespondtochangesinheadpositionwithrespecttogravityandmovement.Gravityisalwayspullingdownonthehairs,sendingaconstantseriesofimpulsestothebrain.Whenthepositionoftheheadchanges—aswhentheheadbendsforward—theforceonthehaircellschangesitsoutputofnerveimpulses.Thebraintheninterpretsthesechangestodeterminethehead'snewposition.

1.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheorgansforhearingandbalance?

2.HearinginvolvesallofthefollowingEXCEPT（）

3.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraphs2and3thatthecochleaisapartof（）

4.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph4aboutgravity?

5.Inthispassage,theauthormainlyexplains（）

問題1選項

A.Bothorgansevolvedinhumansatthesametime.

B.Bothorganssendnerveimpulsestothebrain.

C.Bothorganscontainthesameamountoffluid.

D.Bothorgansarelocatedintheear'smiddleregion.

問題2選項

A.motionofthevocalcordssothattheyvibrate

B.stimulationofhaircellsinfluid-filledchannels

C.amplificationofsoundvibrations

D.conversionofwaveenergyintonerveimpulses

問題3選項

A.theouterear

B.theeardrum

C.themiddleear

D.theinnerear

問題4選項

A.Gravityhasanessentialroleinthesenseofbalance.

B.Theearconvertsgravityintosoundwavesintheair.

C.Gravityisaforcethatoriginatesinthehumanear.

D.Theorganforhearingisnotsubjecttogravity.

問題5選項

A.theorgansofthehumanear

B.thefunctionofthehearing

C.thethreeregionsoftheear

D.howtheearorganperformsthehearingandbalance

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】第1題:事實細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第一段的第二句可知，選項B符合原文，選項A，C在文中未提及。根據(jù)第四段第一句"Theorganforbalanceisalsolocatedintheinnerear"可知選項D錯誤。

第2題:事實細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“Vibratingobjects,suchasthevocalcordsofaspeakingperson,createwavesinthesurroundingair.”振動的物體，比如一個講話的人的聲帶會在周圍的空氣中產(chǎn)生聲波，由此可知，選項A為speaking方面的內(nèi)容而不是hearing，故答案為A。

第3題:信息推理題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“cochlea”定位到第三段的第四句“Thethreebones...theorganofhearing.中耳的三根骨頭將（聲波的）振動放大并傳遞到耳蝸的薄膜。再根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Theinnerearisanetworkofchannelscontainingfluidthatmovesinresponsetosoundormovement.”內(nèi)耳是一個包含液體的通道網(wǎng)絡(luò)，這些液體隨著聲音或運動而運動。結(jié)合兩者，由此推斷耳蝸應(yīng)該位于內(nèi)耳。所以選項D正確。

第4題:信息推斷題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“gravity”定位到第四段，內(nèi)耳中的毛細(xì)胞會對頭部位置的變化做出反應(yīng)，這些變化與重力和運動相關(guān)。之后詳細(xì)說明重力是如何影響腦部的位置變化的。而第四段的首句提到，平衡器官位于內(nèi)耳，所以選項A中提及重力對于平衡感起到了舉足輕重的作用，符合原文。

第5題:信息歸納題。第一段的第一句為本文的中心句。全文主要分析了耳朵是如何發(fā)揮聽力和平衡功能的。選項A，B，C太片面，只有選項D是全面的。

4.單選題

TherighttopursuehappinessispromisedtoAmericansbytheUSConstitution,butnooneseemsquitesurewhichwayhappinessran.Itmaybeweareissuedahuntinglicensebutofferednogame.JonathanSwiftconceivedofhappinessas“thestateofbeingwell-deceived,”orofbeing“afoolamongidiots,”forSwiftsawsocietyasalandoffalsegoals.

Itis,ofcourse,un-Americantothinkintermsoffalsegoals.Wedo,however,seemtobededicatedtotheideaofbuyingourwaytohappiness.WeshallallhavemadeittoHeavenwhenwepossessenough.

AndatthesametimetheforcesofAmericanbusinessarehugelydedicatedtomakingusdeliberatelyunhappy.Advertisingisoneofourmajorindustries,andadvertisingexistsnottosatisfydesiresbuttocreatethem—andtocreatethemfasterthananyone'sbudgetcansatisfythem.Forthatmatter,ourwholeeconomyisbasedonaddictingustogreed.Weareeventolditisourpatrioticdutytosupportthenationaleconomybybuyingthings.

Lookatanyofthemagazinesthatcatertowomen.Thereadvertisingbeginsasartandslogansinthefrontpagesandendsaspillsandtherapyinthebackpages.Theartatthefrontillustratesthedreamofperfectbeauty.Thisisthebabyskinthatmustbehers.This,theperfumedbreathshemustbreatheout.This,thesixteen-year-oldfigureshemustdisplayatforty,atfifty,atsixty,andforever.ThisistheharnessintowhichMothermuststrapherselfinordertodisplaythatperfectfigure.Thisisthecreamthatrestoresskin,thesearethetabletsthatmeltawayfataroundthethighs,andthesearethepillsofperpetualyouth.

Obviouslynoreasonablepersoncanbecompletelypersuadedeitherbysuchartorbysuchpillsanddevices.Yetsomeoneisobviouslytryingtobuythisdreamandspendingbillionseveryyearintheattempt.Clearlythehappiness-marketisnotrunningoutofcustomers,butwhatisittheyaretryingtobuy?

Definingthemeaningof“happiness”isaperplexingproposition:thebestonecandoistotrytosetsomeextremestotheideaandthenworktowardsthemiddle.Tothinkofhappinessasachievingsuperiorityoverothers,livinginamansionmadeofmarble,havingawardrobewithhundredsofoutfits,willdotosetthegreedyextreme.

Fromthefirsttwoparagraphsofthepassagewemayinferthat（）.

In“advertisingexistsnottosatisfydesiresbuttocreatethem”(Line2,Para.3),“them”refersto（）.

Intheauthor’sview,buyingthingsisregardedas（）.

Itisimpliedbytheauthorthatthemagazinesare（）.

Thebesttitleforthepassagemaybe（）.

問題1選項

A.theUSConstitutiongivespeopletherighttopursuehappiness

B.Americanpeopleareatalossashowtogainhappiness

C.JonathanSwiftdidnotbelieveinhappinessitself

D.Americanpeopletendtobuytheirhappiness

問題2選項

A.people’sdesires

B.advertisements

C.varioussensesofhappiness

D.theforcesofAmericanbusiness

問題3選項

A.apatrioticduty

B.supportingthenationaleconomy

C.somethingaddictingustogreed

D.beingtakeninbyadvertising

問題4選項

A.sheerartandslogans

B.fulloflureanddeception

C.veryusefulforprofessionalwomen

D.useless,likecream,tabletsandpills

問題5選項

A.Thepursuitofhappiness

B.Therighttopursuehappiness

C.ThefalsegoalsofAmericanpeople

D.Themisguidingforceofadvertising

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.判斷推理題。根據(jù)原文前兩段的內(nèi)容可知，美國憲法賦予美國人民追求幸福的權(quán)利，但似乎誰也說不清幸福跑到哪里去了。JonathanSwift提出了虛假目標(biāo)的說法，但這種說法不是美國式思維。然而，我們（美國人）似乎執(zhí)迷于花錢買幸福的理念。由此可知，選項D符合原文。

2.語義推斷題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵信息定位到第三段句意“廣告的存在不是為了滿足欲望，而是為了創(chuàng)造欲望。”由此可知，這里的“them”指代的是前半部分提到的“desire”。所以選項A正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“Forthatmatter,ourwholeeconomyisbasedonaddictingustogreed.Weareeventolditisourpatrioticdutytosupportthenationaleconomybybuyingthings.這樣一來，我們的整個經(jīng)濟就是建立在使我們沉迷于貪婪的基礎(chǔ)上的。甚至有人告訴我們，通過購買東西來支持國家經(jīng)濟是我們的愛國義務(wù)?！庇纱丝芍?，作者認(rèn)為購物是使我們沉迷于貪婪的東西，所以選項C正確。

4.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第四段的內(nèi)容可知，作者提及，現(xiàn)在的雜志為了迎合女性的口味，開頭的幾頁廣告都是藝術(shù)和口號，到了結(jié)尾的幾頁就都變成了藥丸和療法。由此可知，作者認(rèn)為雜志充滿了誘惑和欺騙，選項B符合原文。

5.主旨大意題。結(jié)合原文內(nèi)容可知，前兩段作者提及美國人追尋不到幸福的方向，而且傾向于花錢買幸福；接著作者講到了人們是如何花錢來購買幸福的案例；最后作者指出幸福很難定義，關(guān)鍵在于個人如何看待。由此可知，本文主要是圍繞著追尋幸福這一話題展開，所以選項A正確。

5.翻譯題

坦白說有壓力是我們所有人正常生活狀態(tài)里的一部分，重要的是我們不能讓壓力攪亂我們的生活，或者讓壓力超出了我們的控制范圍，即使空閑時間是奢侈的，也請擠出幾分鐘或幾小時放松自己，這是自我愛護(hù)的重要的部分，那么你就有了理由，喝杯咖啡或是撤銷今晚計劃的理由，最終你擁有了屬于你自己的空間。

【答案】Frankly,thereisstressallofusinanormalpartoflife,butthekeyismakingsureitdoesn’trunourlivesorgrowoutofcontrol.Evenwhenfreetimeisaluxury,squeezeoutafewminutesorhourstorelaxisanimportantpartofself-care.Sothereyouhaveit—anexcusetotakeacoffeebreakorcancelyourplanstonight,andfinallymakesometimeforyou.

6.寫作題

Directions:“Publishorperish”iswell-knownintheacademicworld.Doyouagreeordisagreewiththisviewpoints.Pleaseexpressyouropinioninabout150words.

【答案】略

7.單選題

Itis______whodecideswhethertheaccusedisinnocentorguilty.

問題1選項

A.thejuryandonlyjury

B.thejuryandonlythejury

C.onlythejuryandjury

D.thejuryandtheonlyjury

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。原句是一個強調(diào)句，意思是“陪審團(tuán)，也只有陪審團(tuán)才能決定被起訴的人是否有罪?！贝颂?，“陪審團(tuán)”應(yīng)該是特指的，在結(jié)構(gòu)上應(yīng)為thejury。形容詞only修飾一個特指的名詞，可以放在定冠詞之前，此處，構(gòu)成onlythejury，意為“只有陪審團(tuán)”；也可以放在定冠詞之后，此處，構(gòu)成theonlyjury，意為“那唯一的陪審團(tuán)”。從結(jié)構(gòu)上講，只有B選項和D選項符合上述要求；從意義上講，B選項（陪審團(tuán)，只有陪審團(tuán)）才符合句義，因為在法律上，只要組織了陪審團(tuán)，就有資格參與審判，而不論“這個”還是“那個”。因此B選項正確。

8.單選題

Color-blindpeopleoftenfinditdifficultto（）betweenblueandgreen.

問題1選項

A.separate

B.compare

C.contrast

D.distinguish

【答案】D

【解析】詞義辨析題。separate分離；compare比較；contrast對比；distinguish辨別。句意：色盲患者經(jīng)常很難區(qū)分藍(lán)色和綠色。選項D正確。

9.單選題

Soconfused____thathedidn’tknowhowtostarthislecture.

問題1選項

A.sincehebecame

B.wouldhebecome

C.thathebecame

D.didhebecome

【答案】D

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.sincehebecame因為他變得B.wouldhebecome他變得

C.thathebecame他變得D.didhebecome他變得

【答案】D

【考查點】倒裝強調(diào)句

【解題思路】本題考查的是so…that…結(jié)構(gòu)的倒裝句用法。在這個結(jié)構(gòu)中，如果將so+adj./adv.置于句首，則其后的主句要用部分倒裝。此處使用的動詞為become，需要借助助動詞do幫助構(gòu)成部分倒裝；根據(jù)從句使用的一般過去時推測，主句也使用一般過去時。因此，D選項didhebecome符合要求。

【干擾項排除】A、B、C選項不符合原句語法要求。

【句意】他變得如此困惑以至于他不知道如何開始他的演講。

10.單選題

JackwasabouttoannounceourplanbutI（

）.

問題1選項

A.cuthimshort

B.gavehimup

C.turnedhimout

D.puthimthrough

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項cutsb.short“打斷某人”；B選項givesb.up“放棄某人”；C選項turnsb.out意為“驅(qū)逐某人”；D選項putsb.through“替某人接通”。由句中的but可知前后表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，結(jié)合句意可知選A。句意：杰克正要宣布我們的計劃，但我打斷了他。

11.單選題

Therightcombinationofbricks,mortarandplastercanbemixedtobuildagreatcity,butitisthecity'speoplewhoaddthatextradimensionwhichmakesitvibrant,memorable,famousandmuch-visited.Londonissuchacity,andamajorexhibitionaboutitspeoplemakesthispointbypulling-togetherpaintings,drawings,andprintsbyartistsoverthecenturiestoshowLondonersfromallwalksoflifeandinallmannerofsettings.Thecapital'srenownedoldmarkets,mostnowgone,likeCoventGardenandBillingsgate,capturedtheeyeofpaintersbecauseoftheextraordinarilydisparaterangeofcharactersminglingtogether.Processionsandceremonialeventswerepopularsubjects,althoughmanyartistswereinspiredbytheindividualstheysaw:thestreettraders,laborers,merchants,craftsmen,societyfolk,servants,visitingforeigners,theverypoor,theold,andthecriminals.ThereisabookwhichaccompaniestheshowandfromwhichinBritainhaschosenitsillustrations.LondonersarepublishedbyThamesandHudson,30-34BloomsburyStreet,LondonWC1B3QP.Telephone01-6365488.Ithas237illustrations,20incolor:￡20inhardback,￡9.95paperback.Availablepost-freedirectfromthepublisherstoaddresses,overseas,orfrombookshopsintheUK.

TheexhibitioncontinuesuntilAugust2attheMuseumofLondon.OpenTuesdaytoSaturday,10a.m.to6p.m.Admissionfree.

1.Accordingtotheadvertisement,theelementwhichaddstherealcolortoacityis（

）.

2.Theartistsaremorelikelytobeinspiredby（

）.

3.Fromtheadvertisement,wearetoldthatthebookwhichgoeswiththeexhibition（

）.

4.Readersoverseascangetacopyofthebook

（

）.

5.Fromtheadvertisement,wecaninferthattherewouldbefreeadmission（

）.

問題1選項

A.thecityitself

B.itsinhabitants

C.thebuildings

D.themarkets

問題2選項

A.popularsubjects

B.processions

C.theindividuals

D.ceremonialevents

問題3選項

A.iscalledLondoners

B.iscalledBritain

C.containsonly20pictures

D.containslessthan200illustrations

問題4選項

A.for￡9.95

B.bypaying￡29.95

C.onlybyorderingfrombookshopsinBritain

D.byjoiningtheLiteraryGuild

問題5選項

A.onMondays

B.onAugust1st

C.onSundays

D.before10a.m.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“itisthecity'speoplewhoaddthatextradimensionwhichmakesitvibrant,memorable,famousandmuch-visited.”正是這座城市的人民為這座城市增添了額外的維度，使它充滿活力、令人難忘、聞名遐邇、游客眾多。所以選項B正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第一段“manyartistswereinspiredbytheindividualstheysaw...”許多藝術(shù)家的靈感來自于他們所看到的個人……選項C正確。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的后半部分可知：在英國，有一本書中的插畫被選來展覽。這本書叫《倫敦人》，由泰晤士和哈德遜出版。選項A正確，選項B，C，D均不符合原文。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“￡20inhardback,￡9.95paperback.Availablepost-freedirectfromthepublisherstoaddresses,overseas,orfrombookshopsintheUK.”精裝本20英鎊，平裝本9.95英鎊。可從出版商或者是英國書店直接免費郵寄到所需地址，甚至是海外。只有選項A正確。

5.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容，在倫敦博物館的展覽將持續(xù)到8月2日。星期二至星期六，上午十點至下午六點開放。免費入場。由此可知選項B正確。

12.單選題

Theescapedprisonerjumpedontotheboatandthen（

）itawayfromtheseashorewithapole.

問題1選項

A.pushed

B.shoved

C.urged

D.pressed

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。push“推動，增加”；shove“擠，撞，猛推”；urge“催促，敦促”；press“壓，按，逼迫”。pushaway=shove。句意：逃犯先跳上船，然后用桿子將船退離岸邊。只有A項能與away搭配，且符合句意。故A項正確。

13.單選題

Nosoonerhadtheautomobilemechanicenteredtheroomthanhebegantotakeoffhis（）coveralls.

問題1選項

A.tedious

B.hollow

C.greasy

D.salutary

【答案】C

【解析】形容詞辨析題。tedious沉悶的；hollow空的、虛偽的；greasy油膩的；salutary有益的。句意：汽車修理工一進(jìn)入房間就開始脫下他油膩的工作服。根據(jù)常識可知選項C符合句意。

14.單選題

Environmentalistsmaygetoffonterrifyingclimatechange,butmostpeoplejustturnaway.“Ifitwasreallysobad,they’ddosomething,”saysonecolleague.ThehumantendencytoconvinceyourselfthateverythingisOK,becausenooneelseisworried,isdeeplyseated.

Ourtendencytoshrugoffresponsibilityseemstoholdtrueevenwhenweourselvesareindanger.JohnDarleyandBibbLataneaskedaseriesofcollegestudentstositinaroomandfilloutaquestionnaire.Whensmokestartedtopourintotheroomthroughavent,theothers,allactors,ignoreditandwentonwritingcalmly.Ninetypercentofsubjectscopiedtheactors,evenwhenthesmokebecamesothickthattheycouldbarelyseeandwerecoughing.Butsubjectswhowerealoneintheroom,underthesameconditions,almostallreportedthesmokeasanemergency.Thatisanastonishingfinding—thattheinactionofotherpeoplecanmakeusunderestimatethreatstoourownsafety.

Inthepastfewweekswehavebeentold,byreputablesources,thattheoceansarewarmingfasterthananyonepredicted.Thatspeciesarebecomingextinctahundredtimesfasterthanfossilsrecord.Thatweareapproachingtippingpointsthatmaymakeclimatechangeirreversible.Thisstuffmakesmefeelprettydesperate.Iwouldthinkthatotherpeoplewouldworrytoo.ButthenIgototheoffice,andtofriends’houses,andnoonementionsit.Nordothepoliticians.Despitethenoisefromgreengroups,welookforget-outclauses.Weblameothercountriesorbigcorporations.Thepartofourbrainthatisprogrammedtoimitatedominatesthepartcuedtoself-preservation—especiallywhenthethreatsarecomplexandlong-term.

Couldwesendtheherdintheotherdirection?Maybe.TenyearsafterDarleyandLatane’ssmokeexperiment,anotherprofessorArthurBeamanshoweditsfilmstohisstudents.Heexplainedthepsychology.Andinfuturethosestudentswere,apparently,almosttwiceaslikelyasotherstoreacttohelpotherpeople.

InJanuaryIcountedaToyotaPriushybridcaronalmosteveryoneoftherichstreetsinapartofLondonjusteastofmyhouse.YesterdayIdidanothercount.Theyseemedtohaveincreasedtotwoorthree.Thatisthepowerofimitation,forpeoplewhocanaffordit.Buthowdoyougetotherpeopletoimitatebehaviorthatislessvisible:buyingless,travelinglessorchangingtheirelectricitysupplier?Theanswersmustsurelylieinsocialetiquette.Ifweareprogrammedtoactlikelemmings,thenwemustgivesomepeopleincentivestobreakoutandpublicizetheiractivities.

Thesmokeiscomingupthroughthevent.Ifenoughpeoplestarttalkingaboutthesmoke,perhapsotherswillstarttoseeittoo.Andifenoughpeopleact,therestmayfollow.Forthat,itseems,ishumannature.

1.Itcanbeinferredfromthefirsttwoparagraphsthatpeopletendto

（

）.

2.Infaceofenvironmentaldegradation,mostpeopleare（

）.

3.ProfessorArthurBeaman'sexperimentshowsthat

（

）.

4.Theauthorsuggeststhatinordertocounterclimatechange,（

）.

問題1選項

A.beoptimisticaboutchangesoccurringaround

B.turnablindeyetotheapproachingthreats

C.havetheirjudgmentsinfluencedbyothers

D.waitforsomeoneelsetoactfirst

問題2選項

A.feelingunabletoassumesuchabigresponsibility

B.endeavoringtofindoutitscauses

C.imitatingothers'inaction

D.tryingtoprotectthemselves

問題3選項

A.it’shumannaturetoshrinkfromresponsibility

B.environmentaleducationshouldbeginwiththeyoungpeople

C.therewillbemanymorewhoarereadytohelpothers

D.properguidancecanmakepeoplemoreconcernedaboutclimatechange

問題4選項

A.moreattentionshouldbepaidtopsychologicalaspects

B.imitationshouldbeminimizedoravoided

C.morepopularizationshouldbedoneaboutitsdanger

D.somerestrictionsshouldbemadeonpeople’sspendingpattern

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:A

【解析】1.推理判斷題。文章第一段和第二段主要講了人的從眾性心理，第一段借助同事說的Ifitwasreallysobad,they'ddosomething（如果真的那么糟糕，他們會做些什么）來表示人們總是指望其他人去行動；通過第二段中的“煙霧實驗”對比的結(jié)果可知，其他人的不作為會使我們低估對我們自身安全的威脅，因此D選項“等別人先采取行動”符合題意。

2.推理判斷題。由文章第三段中的內(nèi)容可知，面對環(huán)境惡化，除了來自環(huán)保主義的聲音，沒有人提及關(guān)心這個嚴(yán)峻的問題，采取不作為的態(tài)度。這個深層次的原因是Thepartofourbrainthatisprogrammedtoimitatedominatesthepartcuedtoself-preservation—especiallywhenthethreatsarecomplexandlong-term.（與大腦中提醒我們自我生存的那一部分相比，我們大腦中用來模仿他人的那一部分占了上風(fēng)。當(dāng)我們面臨的威脅復(fù)雜且具長期性時，更是如此）可知C選項“效仿他人的不作為”符合題意。

3.推理判斷題。文章第四段講述了教授通過讓學(xué)生觀看影片并用心理學(xué)知識加以解釋，會使這些學(xué)生將來的行動的積極性提高，可推測在正確的引導(dǎo)下，人們行動的積極性可以提高，根據(jù)文章提到氣候變化，因此D選項“適當(dāng)?shù)闹笇?dǎo)可以使人們更加關(guān)注氣候變化”最為恰當(dāng)。

4.主旨大意題。文章首先通過分析指出，從眾心理使人們面對氣候變化缺乏行動，然后指出正確利用從眾心理可以使人們行動起來，全文一直都是從心理角度來提出解決氣候變化的問題，因此A選項“應(yīng)該更關(guān)注心理學(xué)層面”符合題意。

15.單選題

Traditionalmethodsofteachingnolongersufficeinthistechnologicalworld.Currentlytherearemorethan100000computersinschoolroomsintheUnitedStates.Students,mediocreandbrightalike,thefirstgradethroughhighschool,notonlyarenotintimidatedbycomputers,buthavebecomeavidparticipantsinthecomputerepoch.

Kidsoperatingcomputersimplementtheircurriculumwithgreatversatility.AmusicalstudentcanprogrammusicalnotessothatthecomputerwillplayBeethovenortheBeatles.Forabiologyclass,thecomputercanproduceapictureoftheintricateactionsofthebody’sorgans,thusenablingtoday’sstudentstoenvisagehumanbiologyinaprofoundway.Anuclearreactorisnolongeranenigmatostudentswhocanseeitsworkingsinminutedetailsonacomputer.InWisconsin,theChippewaIndiansarestudyingtheirancientandalmostforgottenlanguagewiththeaidofacomputer.Morecommonly,thecomputerisusedfordrillingmathandlanguageconceptssothatyoungstersmaylearnattheirownspeedwithouttryingthepatienceoftheirhumanteachers.Thesimplestcomputersaidthehandicapped,wholearnmorerapidlyfromthecomputerthanfromhumans.Onceirksome,remedialdrillsandexercisesnowoncomputerareconducivetolearningbecausethemachinerespondstocorrectanswerswithpraiseandtoincorrectanswerswithfrownsandevenanoccasionaltear.

Adolescentshavebecomesoexhilaratedbycomputersthattheyhavedevelopedtheirownjargon,easilyunderstoodbytheirpeersbutleavingtheirdisconcertedparentsinthedark.Theyhaveshownsomuchfervorforcomputersthattheyhaveformedcomputerclubs,beguiletheirleisurehoursincomputerstores,andevenattendcomputercamps.

Thisisdefinitelythecomputerage.Itisexpectedthatby1999therewillbebetween300000and650000computersinAmericanschools.Manufacturersofcomputersarepresentlygettingtaxwrite-offsfordonatingequipmenttocollegesanduniversitiesandarepushingforlegislationtoobtainfurtherdeductionsforcontributionstoelementaryandhighschools.Furthermore,thepriceofcomputershassteadilyfallentothepointwhereasmallcomputerforhomeorofficeisbeingsoldforlessthan$100.Atthatpriceeveryclassinthecountrywillsoonhavecomputerkids.

1.Whichofthefollowingdoes“traditionalmethods”inthefirstparagraphreferto?

2.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?

3.Withthehelpofcomputer,today’sstudents______.

4.Whatdoestheword“disconcerted”inparagraph3mean?

5.Whichofthefollowingcanweinferfromthepassage?

問題1選項

A.Technologicalmethodsofteaching.

B.Teachers,textbooksandclassdrills.

C.Computerteaching.

D.Televisionteaching.

問題2選項

A.Studentshavetobebrightinordertooperateacomputer.

B.Highschoolstudentsarelessthreatenedbycomputercomparedwithgrade1students.

C.Allthestudentstakeanactivepartincomputeroperationtodayandordinarystudentsarenoexception.

D.Today’sstudentsaremoreversatilethanwiththeimplementationofcomputers.

問題3選項

A.canunderstandmorecomplexconcepts

B.learnmorerapidlyfromcomputerthanfromtheirteachers

C.canlearneverythingwithouttheirteachers’help

D.canbuildnuclearreactors

問題4選項

A.Dissatisfied.

B.Disinterested.

C.Nearsighted.

D.Confused.

問題5選項

A.Parentsencouragetheirkidstoattendcomputercampsandformcomputerclubs.

B.Thecountryencouragesthepopularizationofcomputersamongtheschoolchildren.

C.Thepriceofcomputershasfallensteadily.

D.Computermanufacturersaredonatingequipmentforcollegesanduniversitiespurelyforthegoodofthestudents.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第一段第一、二句Traditionalmethodsofteachingnolongersufficeinthistechnologicalworld.Currentlytherearemorethan100000computersinschoolroomsintheUnitedStates.（傳統(tǒng)的教學(xué)方法在這個技術(shù)世界里已經(jīng)不夠用了。目前在美國的教室里有超過10萬臺電腦。），說明傳統(tǒng)方法應(yīng)該是指和電腦教學(xué)相對的老師在課堂上用教科書授課。因此B選項“教師、教科書和課堂演習(xí)”正確。A選項“技術(shù)性的教學(xué)方法”，C選項“計算機教學(xué)”，D選項“電視教學(xué)”均不屬于傳統(tǒng)教學(xué)方法，所以A,C,D錯誤。

2.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。A選項“學(xué)生要想操作電腦，必須要聰明”，由原文Students,mediocreandbrightalike（無論是平庸的還是聰明的學(xué)生）可知，操作電腦和智力沒有關(guān)系，所以A錯誤。B選項“與一年級學(xué)生相比，高中生受到電腦的威脅較小”，由原文Students…thefirstgradethroughhighschool,notonlyarenotintimidatedbycomputers（從一年級到高中的學(xué)生……不僅沒有被計算機嚇?。┛芍徽撌裁茨挲g的學(xué)生都不會被計算機嚇倒，所以B錯誤。D選項“今天的學(xué)生隨著計算機的實施，比以前更多才多藝”，由原文Kidsoperatingcomputersimplementtheircurriculumwithgreatversatility.（使用電腦的孩子們在實施他們的課程時非常多才多藝。）可知，文章只是說使用電腦的學(xué)生很多才多藝，沒有和之前的學(xué)生進(jìn)行對比，所有D錯誤。C選項“今天所有的學(xué)生都積極參與計算機操作，普通學(xué)生也不例外”，由原文Students,mediocreandbrightalike,thefirstgradethroughhighschool,notonlyarenotintimidatedbycomputers,buthavebecomeavidparticipantsinthecomputerepoch.（從一年級到高中的學(xué)生，無論是平庸的還是聰明的，不僅沒有被計算機嚇住，而且成為計算機時代的熱心參與者。）可知，包括普通學(xué)生在內(nèi)的所有學(xué)生都積極參與計算機操作，C選項符合原文，因此本題選C。

3.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第二段倒數(shù)第三句Morecommonly,thecomputerisusedfordrillingmathandlanguageconceptssothatyoungstersmaylearnattheirownspeedwithouttryingthepatienceoftheirhumanteachers.（更常見的是，計算機被用來訓(xùn)練數(shù)學(xué)和語言概念，這樣孩子們就可以按照自己的速度學(xué)習(xí)，而不用去考驗他們的人類老師的耐心。），說明學(xué)生可以在計算機的幫助下理解復(fù)雜的概念。因此A選項“可以理解更復(fù)雜的概念”正確。B選項“從電腦上學(xué)習(xí)比從老師那里學(xué)習(xí)更快”，原文說的是殘疾人從最簡單的電腦中學(xué)習(xí)比從人類中學(xué)到的要快，而不是所有的學(xué)生，所以B錯誤。C選項“可以在沒有老師的幫助下學(xué)習(xí)一切知識”，原文只介紹了電腦學(xué)習(xí)的好處，沒有全部否定老師的作用，所以C錯誤。D選項“可以建造核反應(yīng)堆”，原文說的是學(xué)生可以通過電腦了解核反應(yīng)堆，而不是自己建造，所以D錯誤。

4.語義推測題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“disconcerted”可以定位到文章第三段第一句Adolescentshavebecomesoexhilaratedbycomputersthattheyhavedevelopedtheirownjargon,easilyunderstoodbytheirpeersbutleavingtheirdisconcertedparentsinthedark.（青少年們對電腦如此興奮，以至于他們發(fā)明了自己的行話，這些行話很容易被同齡人理解，卻把不知所措的父母置于黑暗之中。），說明年輕人使用的行話很容易被同齡人理解，但父母不能理解，他們感到很困惑，所以“disconcerted”在文中是指“不知所措，困惑”的意思。因此D選項“困惑的”正確。A選項“不滿意的”，B選項“不感興趣的”，C選項“近視的”均不符合題意，所以A,B,C錯誤。

5.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。A選項“父母鼓勵他們的孩子參加電腦夏令營和組建電腦俱樂部”，由原文Theyhaveshownsomuchfervorforcomputersthattheyhaveformedcomputerclubs,beguiletheirleisurehoursincomputerstores,andevenattendcomputercamps.（他們對電腦表現(xiàn)出了如此多的熱情，他們成立了電腦俱樂部，在電腦商店消磨閑暇時間，甚至參加電腦夏令營。）可知，是孩子們自發(fā)參加電腦夏令營和俱樂部，沒有說父母鼓勵他們，所以A錯誤。B選項“國家鼓勵在學(xué)生中普及計算機”在文中沒有提及，所以B錯誤。D選項“計算機制造商為高校捐贈設(shè)備，純粹是為了學(xué)生的利益”，由原文Manufacturersofcomputersarepresentlygettingtaxwrite-offsfordonatingequipmenttocollegesanduniversitiesandarepushingforlegislationtoobtainfurtherdeductionsforcontributionstoelementaryandhighschools.（目前，計算機制造商因向高校捐贈設(shè)備而獲得稅收減免，并正在推動立法，以獲得對小學(xué)和中學(xué)捐款的進(jìn)一步減免。）可知，計算機制造商為高校捐贈設(shè)備更多是為了減稅，所以D錯誤。C選項“計算機的價格已經(jīng)穩(wěn)定地下降了”，由原文Furthermore,thepriceofcomputershassteadilyfallentothepointwhereasmallcomputerforhomeorofficeisbeingsoldforlessthan$100.（此外，計算機的價格已經(jīng)穩(wěn)步下降到家庭或辦公室用的小型電腦售價不到100美元的地步。）可知，計算機的價格已經(jīng)穩(wěn)步下降，C選項符合原文，所以本題選C。

16.單選題

Icansmelltheperfume（）.

問題1選項

A.withfaintness

B.faintily

C.faintly

D.faint

【答案】C

【解析】本題考查副詞用法。A選項withfaintness“眩暈，虛弱”，B選項faintily形容詞變形錯誤，C選項faintly“微弱地，模糊地”，D選項“模糊的，頭暈的”，句意：我隱約能聞到香水味。因此，C選項符合句意。

17.單選題

ThePsychologyofWarrantiesProtectionRacket

Ifextendedguaranteesareoverpriced,whyaretheysopopular?

CUSTOMERStendtoagoniseovertherelativemeritsofdifferentmodelsofelectronicgoodssuchasdigitalcamerasorplasmatelevisions.Butwhentheygettothetill,manyspendfreelyonsomethingtheybarelythinkaboutatall:anextendedwarranty,whichisoftenmoreprofitabletotheretailerthanthedeviceitcovers.

Shopperstypicallypay10%-50%ofthecostofaproducttoinsureitbeyondthetermcoveredbythemanufacturer’sguarantee.（1）Yetproductsrarelybreakwithintheperiodcovered,andrepairstendtocostnomorethanthewarrantyitself.（2）

Sowhy,asksapaperpublishedintheDecemberissueoftheJournalofConsumerResearch,somanyconsumersstill