書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-南京交通職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.翻譯題

與你的個(gè)人外表和自我態(tài)度一樣，你做生意的方式也可以使客戶產(chǎn)生良好的印象。當(dāng)拜訪客戶時(shí)，很重要的一點(diǎn)是談話開門見山。他并不會(huì)真的對(duì)你所談?wù)摰奶鞖馇闆r，前一天晚上的總統(tǒng)演說，或是星期天的橄欖球賽感興趣。他也不會(huì)對(duì)你夸獎(jiǎng)他的西裝好看，和墻上的照片中他女兒的模樣令人傾倒感興趣。這樣的閑聊是一種不真誠的表現(xiàn)形式，而且侵占了他的時(shí)間。我一直認(rèn)為直截了當(dāng)是最有效的，因此我向你保證任何一個(gè)商人都會(huì)因?yàn)槟隳苓@樣做而對(duì)你尊重有加。

正如外表決定了人的第一印象，外表也同樣決定了產(chǎn)品、地點(diǎn)以及公司的第一印象。

比方說，你也許注意到了生意興隆飯店的泊車服務(wù)生會(huì)把勞斯萊斯、奔馳、凱迪拉克等汽車停在最顯眼的位置，這樣你在走向飯店門口的時(shí)候一定會(huì)看到它們。我過去以為這么做是因?yàn)橛绣X人給了更多的消費(fèi)，但真實(shí)的原因是每個(gè)成功的飯店經(jīng)營者都懂得良好的形象能推銷食品。他想告訴公眾：我們招待的是懂格調(diào)的客人。因此，很明顯，我們的食物一定是精心烹飪的。

一個(gè)干凈整潔的外表也表示你講效率有條理——我所知道的公司無不希望擁有這樣的形象。如果你曾經(jīng)走進(jìn)過汽車維修站一間干凈而整齊的車庫，我確信你會(huì)和我一樣，認(rèn)為把車留在那里進(jìn)行維護(hù)感覺更舒服一些。

【答案】Justlikeyourpersonalappearanceandattitude,themanneryouadoptindoingbusinesscanalsomakeagoodimpressiononyourcustomers.Whenvisitingclients,it’simportanttogetrighttothepoint.He’snotreallyinterestedintheweatheryou’retalkingabout,thePresident’sspeechthenightbefore,orSunday’sfootballgame.Hewon’tbeinterestedinyoucomplimentinghimonhissuitorthewayhisdaughterlooksinthepicturesonthewall.Suchsmalltalkwasaformofinsincerityandencroachedonhistime.Ihavealwaysbelievedthatitismosteffectivetobedirect,soIcanassureyouthatanybusinessmanwillrespectyouforbeingabletodoso.

Justasappearancedeterminesaperson’sfirstimpression,appearancealsodeterminestheproduct,placeandcompany’sfirstimpression.

Forexample,youmayhavenoticedthattheparkingattendantsatathrivingrestaurantparkrollsRoyce,MercedesBenz,Cadillacandothercarsinthemostprominentlocations,sothatyouaresuretoseethemwhenyouwalktothedooroftherestaurant.Iusedtothinkitwasbecauserichpeoplegavethemmoremoney,buttherealreasonisthateverysuccessfulrestaurateurknowsthatgoodlookssellfood.Hewantedtotellthepublic:we’reentertainingstyle-consciousguests.Therefore,itisobviousthatourfoodmustbecarefullycooked.

Acleanandtidyappearancealsoindicatesthatyouareefficientandorganized—animagethateverycompanyIknowwouldliketohave.Ifyou’veeverwalkedintoaclean,tidygarageinagarage,I’msureyou’llagreewithmethatitfeelsbettertoleaveyourcarthereformaintenance.

2.單選題

Scientistshaveacknowledgedthattointerpretananimal’sthoughtprocessesinasoundmannerre-quiresaheavydoseof（）fromourownmentalpatterns,whichweaccessintrospectively.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.estimation

B.calculation

C.skepticism

D.inference

【答案】B

【解析】名詞辨析。句意：科學(xué)家已經(jīng)承認(rèn)，用聲音的方式來翻譯一個(gè)動(dòng)物的思維進(jìn)程，需要從我們使用內(nèi)在的思維模式進(jìn)行大量的（）。estimation評(píng)價(jià)，估計(jì)；calculation計(jì)算；skepticism懷疑論；inference推理。故選B。

3.單選題

Thementalcommoditymostdemandwillbepracticalwisdomratherthanspecialized（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.experiment

B.expertise

C.witness

D.cleverness

【答案】D

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)experiment“達(dá)到，實(shí)現(xiàn)”；B選項(xiàng)expertise“要求”；C選項(xiàng)witness“獲得，學(xué)到”；D選項(xiàng)cleverness“詢問”。句意：人們最需要的精神產(chǎn)品將是實(shí)用的智慧，而不是小聰明。選項(xiàng)D更符合語境。

4.單選題

PriortotheeventofSeptember11,theBushadministrationhadstartedtochartaclear-cutcourseinSouthAsia.Inthisnewforeignpolicycalculus,India,thelargest,mostpowerfuleconomicallydynamic,politicallystable,andstrategicallysignificantstateintheregion,wasdestinedtoemergeasalinchpin.SuchashiftwaspossiblebecauseunlikearangeofotherAmericanadministrations,bothduringandaftertheColdWar,theGeorgeW.BushregimehadfinallydecidedthatPakistancouldnolongerexerciseavetoonAmericanrelationswithIndia.SuchadecisionwasalsomadepossiblebecauseofPakistan’ssteadydownwardeconomicspiral,thepresenceofaPakistanimilitarydictatorshipinademocratizingAsiaandalsobecauseofPakistan’sextensivestrategiclinkswiththeloathsomeTalibanregimeinAfghanistan.FewAmericaninterests,itappeared,wereimplicatedinthatcountry.

Simultaneously,India,whichhadalmostreflexivelyopposedvirtuallyanymajorAmericanforeignpolicy,initiativelyappearedtobechangingitsorientation.TheBharatiyaJanataParty(RlP)-IedregimeinIndiawasdemonstratingadegreeofintellectualflexibilitythatfewregimesinIndiahadeverdisplayed,specifically,theBJP-ledregimehadexpressedcautioussupportfortheBushadministration’sdecisiontoamendtheAnti-BallisticMissile(ABM)treatyandmovetowarddramaticcutsintheAmericannucleararsenal.Admittedly,theIndiaendorsementoftheAmericanpositionwasanythingbutfulsome.

Nevertheless,eventhislimitedembraceofanotherwisecontroversialAmericanstrategicshiftwasquitesignificant.Atanotherlevel,unlikemanypreviousregimes,theBJP-ledgovernmentappearedmuchmoreinclinedtobroadenanddeepenmilitary-to-militarycontactswiththeUnitedStates.EvenareasofdisagreementinIndo-U.S.relationssuchasthosedealingwithtradeandinvestmentregimesnolongerappearedasacrimoniousness.

1.Theword“l(fā)inchpin”inthefirstparagraphmeans（

）.

2.Fromthefirstparagraph,wecaninferthat

（

）.

3.TheBJP-ledgovernment

（

）.

4.Thearticlemainlytalksabout（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.akindofanimalinSouthAsia

B.somethingvitallyimportant

C.thedominatingpower

D.anally

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.IndiaandPakistanhadbeencloselycooperatingwitheachotherinthepastfewyears.

B.IndiahadenjoyedamorepreferablepositionthanPakistanwithAmericanpoliticianssincethe1970’s

C.GeorgeBushfollowedthesameforeignpolicyasotherAmericanadministrationsinSouthAsia.

D.AmericahadbeenreluctanttodevelopconstructiverelationswithIndiaoutofconsiderationforPakistan.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.isinclinedtobroadenanddeepenmilitarycontestwiththeUS.

B.causedembarrassmentfortheAmericanswhentheymadecontroversialstrategicshift

C.supportedtheBushadministration’sdecisiontoamendtheAnti-BallisticMissile(ABM)treaty

D.isagainsttheBushadministration'sdecisiontoamendtheAnti-BallisticMissile(ABM)treaty

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.USforeignpolicyinSouthAsia

B.dictatorshipinPakistan

C.contributionoftheIndianBJP-ledgovernment

D.Bush’swisdomasapolitician

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:A

【解析】1.語義題。根據(jù)原文句意“在這一新的外交政策考量中，印度作為該地區(qū)最大、經(jīng)濟(jì)動(dòng)力最強(qiáng)、政治穩(wěn)定以及戰(zhàn)略意義重大的國家，注定會(huì)成為一個(gè)關(guān)鍵因素?！薄發(fā)inchpin”的本意就是關(guān)鍵的意思，所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

2.判斷推理題。選項(xiàng)A在文中沒有信息提及；選項(xiàng)B時(shí)間表述有誤；根據(jù)第一段第三句“...unlikearangeofotherAmericanadministrations...不像其他美國政府”可知選項(xiàng)C表述錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)“PakistancouldnolongerexerciseavetoonAmericanrelationswithIndia.巴基斯坦再也不能對(duì)美印關(guān)系行使否決權(quán)?！笨芍x項(xiàng)D正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“BJP-ledgovernment”定位到第二段，根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二句“theBJP-ledregimehadexpressedcautioussupportfortheBushadministration’sdecisiontoamendtheAnti-BallisticMissile(ABM)treaty.以印度人民黨為首的政權(quán)對(duì)布什政府修改《反彈道導(dǎo)彈條約》的決定表示謹(jǐn)慎支持”由此可知，選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

4.主旨大意題。文章第一段首句為本文的主旨句?！皌heBushadministrationhadstartedtochartaclear-cutcourseinSouthAsia.布什政府已經(jīng)開始在南亞制定明確的方針?！边x項(xiàng)A“美國在南亞的外交政策”最能概括全文，所以正確。

5.單選題

（

）ishisowndecision.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Whenleaving

B.Whendoesheleave

C.Whenheleaves

D.Heleaves

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查語法結(jié)構(gòu)。由空格后“ishisowndecision”的對(duì)應(yīng)知這里缺少主語，故能充當(dāng)主語的C項(xiàng)“Whenheleaves”正確。A項(xiàng)“Whenleaving”屬于時(shí)間狀語；B項(xiàng)“Whendoesheleave”屬于疑問句，不能充當(dāng)主語；D項(xiàng)“Heleaves”中謂語動(dòng)詞“l(fā)eaves”與空格后系動(dòng)詞“is”重復(fù)，在語法結(jié)構(gòu)上不正確。選項(xiàng)C正確。

6.單選題

Inspiteofthe（

）economicforecasts,manufacturingoutputhasrisenslightly.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.gloomy

B.miserable

C.shadowy

D.obscure

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。gloomy意為“黑暗的，沮喪的，前景黯淡的”；miserable意為“痛苦的，可憐的”；shadowy意為“朦朧的，模糊的”；obscure意為“昏暗的，朦朧的”。句意：盡管經(jīng)濟(jì)預(yù)測不景氣，制造業(yè)產(chǎn)出略有上升。

7.單選題

AbustookhimtotheWestEnd,where,amongthecrazycoloredfountainsofillumination,shatteringtheblueduskwithgreenandcrimsonfire,hefoundthecaféofhischoice,atea-shopthathadgonemadandturned.Babylonian,awhitepalacewithtenthousandlights.Itstoweredabovetheotherbuildinglikeacitadel,whichindeeditwas,theoutpostofanewage,perhapsanewcivilization,perhapsanewbarbarism;andbehindthethinmarblefrontwereconcreteandsteel,justasbehindthecarelessprofusionofluxuryweremillionsofpence,balancedtothelasthalfpenny.Somewhereinthebackground,hiddenaway,behindthetenthousandlightsandacresofwhitenaperyandbewilderingglitteringrowsofteapots,behindthethousandwaitressesandcash-boxgirlsandblack-coatedfloormanagersandtemperamentallong-hairedviolinists,behindthemoundsofcauldronsofstewedsteak,thevanloadsofices,wereafewmenwhowenttoworkjugglingwithfractionsofafarming,whoknewhowmanyunitsofelectricityittooktofinishasteak-and-kidneypuddingandhowmanyminutesandsecondsawaitress(fivefeetfourinheightandinaveragehealth)wouldneedtocarryatrayofgivenweightfromthekitchenlifetothetableinthefarcomer.Inshort,therewasawarm,sensuous,vulgarlifefloweringintheupperstoreys,andacoldscienceworkinginthebasement.Suchasthegigantictea-shopintowhichTurgismarched,insearchnotofmererefreshmentbutofalltheenchantmentofunfamiliarluxury.Perhapsheknewinhisheartthatmenhaveconqueredhalftheknownworld,lootedwholekingdoms,andneverarrivedinsuchluxury.Theplacewasbuiltforhim.

Itwasbuiltforagreatmanyotherpeopletoo,and,asusual,theywereallthere.Itseemedwithhumanity.Themarbleentrancehall,pileddizzilywithbonbonsandcakes,wasascrowdedandbustlingasarailwaystation.Thegloomandgrimeofthestreets,therawair,allNovember,wereatonceleftbehind,forgotten:theatmosphereinsidewasgolden,tropical,belongingtosomehighmid-summerofconfectionery.Disdainingthelifts,Turgis,oncemoreexcitedbythesight,sound,andsmellofitall,climbedthewidestaircaseuntilhereachedhisfavoritefloor,whereanorchestra,ledbyayoungJewishviolinistwithwanderinglustrouseyesandapassionfortremoloeffects,actedasamagnettoathousandgirls,scentedair,thesensuousclamorofthestrings;and,ashestoodhesitatingamoment,halfdazed,therecame,bowing,asleekgraveman,olderthanhewasandfarmoredistinguishedthanhecouldeverhopetobe,whomurmureddeferentially:“Forone,sir?Thisway,please,”Shyly,yetproudly,Turgisfollowedhim.

1.That“behindthethinmarblefrontwereconcreteandsteel”suggeststhat（）.

2.Thefollowingwordsorphrasesaresomewhatcriticalofthetea-shopEXCEPT（）.

3.Initscontextthestatementthat“theplacewasbuiltforhim”meansthatthecaféwasintendedto（）.

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthesecondparagraphisNOTtrue?

5.ThefollowingarecomparisonsmadebytheauthorinthesecondparagraphEXCEPTthat（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.modernrealisticcommercialismexistedbehindtheluxuriousappearance

B.therewasafundamentalfalsenessinthestyleandtheappealofthecafé

C.thearchitecthadmadeasensibleblendofoldandnewbuildingmaterials

D.thecaféwasbasedonphysicalfoundationsandrealeconomicstrength

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.“...turnedBabylonian”

B.“perhapsanewbarbarism”

C.“acresofwhitenapery”

D.“balancedtothelasthalfpenny”

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.pleasesimplepeopleinasimpleway

B.exploitgulliblepeoplelikehim

C.satisfyademandthatalreadyexisted

D.providerelaxationfortiredyoungmen

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Thecaféappealedtomostsensessimultaneously.

B.Thecaféwasbothfullofpeopleandfullofwarmth.

C.Theinsideofthecaféwascontrastedwiththeweatheroutside.

D.Itstressedthecommercialdeterminationofthecaféowners.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.theentrancehalliscomparedtoarailwaystation

B.theorchestraiscomparedtoamagnet

C.Turgiswelcomedtheliftlikeaconqueringsoldier

D.theinteriorofthecaféiscomparedtowarmcountries

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:B

【解析】1.推理判斷題。題干：“behindthethinmarblefrontwereconcreteandsteel”，代表著_________。由引號(hào)部分的內(nèi)容，可以定位到文章第一段第三句話Itstoweredabovetheotherbuildinglikeacitadel,whichindeeditwas，theoutpostofanewage,perhapsanewcivilization，perhapsanewbarbarism;andbehindthethinmarblefrontwereconcreteandsteel,justasbehindthecarelessprofusionofluxuryweremillionsofpence,balancedtothelasthalfpenny.（它像城堡一樣高聳于其他建筑之上，確實(shí)是一個(gè)新時(shí)代的前哨，也許是一種新的文明，也許是一種新的野蠻；在薄大理石的后面是混凝土和鋼鐵，就像在奢侈的背后是數(shù)百萬便士，平衡到最后的半便士。）。根據(jù)上下文，it指代的是上文的awhitepalace.“justas”引導(dǎo)一個(gè)比較狀語從句，把“behindthethinmarblefrontwereconcreteandsteel”與“behindthecarelessprofusionofluxuryweremillionsofpence,balancedtothelasthalfpenny”進(jìn)行比較。采用了象征的手法，“thinmarblefront”象征著外貌浮華，實(shí)則脆弱，“concreteandsteel”，象征著本質(zhì)現(xiàn)實(shí)，與商業(yè)無差。所以我們可以得出選項(xiàng)A“奢華外表的背后是現(xiàn)代現(xiàn)實(shí)主義的商業(yè)主義”，符合題意。B選項(xiàng)“咖啡館的風(fēng)格和魅力存在一個(gè)基本的虛偽”和D選項(xiàng)“咖啡館是基于物理基礎(chǔ)和真實(shí)的經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力”，都是在說咖啡館的特征，故不符合題意。C選項(xiàng)“建筑師將新舊建筑材料合理地混合在一起”，此處不是在講建筑材料，而是通過建筑材料引申出更深刻的含義，故C選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。綜上所述，本題的正確答案是A選項(xiàng)。

2.推理判斷題。題干：以下單詞除了______，都是在批判茶館。A選項(xiàng)的單詞可以定位到文章第一段第一、二句atea-shopthathadgonemadandturned.Babylonian,awhitepalacewithtenthousandlights.（一家已經(jīng)瘋了，變了樣的茶館。巴比倫，一座有萬盞燈的白色宮殿），Babylonian用于限定茶館，是一處用典，表示罪惡的、富麗的與critical意義一致，故排除A選項(xiàng)。B選項(xiàng)的單詞可以定位到文章第一段第三句話Ittoweredabovetheotherbuildinglikeacitadel,whichindeeditwas,theoutpostofanewage,perhapsanewcivilization,perhapsanewbarbarism;（它像城堡一樣高聳于其他建筑之上，確實(shí)是一個(gè)新時(shí)代的前哨，也許是一種新的文明，也許是一種新的野蠻），此處barbarism和civilization是對(duì)比關(guān)系，僅表達(dá)中性價(jià)值，故B選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)的單詞定位到文章第一段第四句Somewhereinthebackground,hiddenaway,behindthetenthousandlightsandacresofwhitenaperyandbewilderingglitteringrowsofteapots（在背后的某個(gè)地方，隱藏在萬盞燈、大片的白色桌布和一排排令人眼花繚亂的閃閃發(fā)光的茶壺后面），此處體現(xiàn)了鋪張浪費(fèi)，表達(dá)作者的批評(píng)，故排除C選項(xiàng)。D選項(xiàng)的單詞可以定位到文章第一段第三句話justasbehindthecarelessprofusionofluxuryweremillionsofpence,balancedtothelasthalfpenny.（就像在奢侈的背后是數(shù)百萬便士，平衡到最后的半便士。），此處象征著奢華外表的背后是現(xiàn)代現(xiàn)實(shí)主義的商業(yè)主義，也是批判的含義，故排除。綜上所述，本題的正確答案是B選項(xiàng)。

3.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：文中的“theplacewasbuiltforhim”意味著咖啡館的目的是________。根據(jù)題干定位到第一段最后兩句話Suchasthegigantictea-shopintowhichTurgismarched,insearchnotofmererefreshmentbutofalltheenchantmentofunfamiliarluxury.Perhapsheknewinhisheartthatmenhaveconqueredhalftheknownworld,lootedwholekingdoms,andneverarrivedinsuchluxury.Theplacewasbuiltforhim.（比如Turgis建造的巨大的茶館，不僅僅是為了尋找茶點(diǎn)，而是為了尋找所有不熟悉的奢侈品的魅力。也許他心里知道，人類已經(jīng)征服了半個(gè)已知的世界，掠奪了整個(gè)王國，卻從未有過這樣的奢侈。這地方是為他建造的），咖啡館的性質(zhì)是它富麗堂皇，鋪張浪費(fèi)如宮殿，商業(yè)性強(qiáng)。本文全文都是對(duì)他的批判。A選項(xiàng)“以簡單的方式愉悅?cè)藗儭保Х瑞^并不簡單，而是奢侈，所以A選項(xiàng)不正確。B選項(xiàng)“利用像他這樣容易上當(dāng)?shù)娜恕保项}目對(duì)咖啡館批判的性質(zhì)，故B選項(xiàng)符合題意。C選項(xiàng)“滿足已經(jīng)存在的需求”，和D選項(xiàng)“為疲憊的年輕人提供放松”，在文中并未提及。綜上所述，本題的正確答案是B選項(xiàng)。

4.推理判斷題。題干：以下關(guān)于第二段的陳述，不正確的是？文章第二段提到當(dāng)走到咖啡館內(nèi)部時(shí)，分別從視覺，嗅覺，聽覺的方面描述了內(nèi)部的情景，所以A選項(xiàng)“咖啡館同時(shí)吸引了大多數(shù)感官”，符合題意。B選項(xiàng)“咖啡館既充滿了人，又充滿了溫暖”，第二段并沒有提及咖啡館里面有沒有人，而溫暖也是由于其奢侈的裝修帶來的視覺感受，是一種諷刺，所以B選項(xiàng)不正確。第二段第三句話Thegloomandgrimeofthestreets,therawair,allNovember,wereatonceleftbehind,forgotten:theatmosphereinsidewasgolden,tropical,belongingtosomehighmid-summerofconfectionery.（整個(gè)11月，街道上的陰暗、污濁和空氣都立刻被拋在腦后，遺忘了。屋里的氣氛是金黃的、熱帶的，像是糖果店的盛夏時(shí)節(jié)。），可知，C選項(xiàng)“咖啡館的內(nèi)部與外面的天氣形成了鮮明的對(duì)比”，正確。通過第二段整個(gè)的描述，都是在說咖啡館內(nèi)部的奢華，故D選項(xiàng)“它強(qiáng)調(diào)了咖啡館老板的商業(yè)決心”，也是正確的。綜上所述，本題的正確答案是B選項(xiàng)。

5.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：以下是作者在第二段所做的類比，除了_________。由題干定位到文章第二段第一句話Itwasbuiltforagreatmanyotherpeopletoo,and,asusual,theywereallthere.Itseemedwithhumanity.Themarbleentrancehall,pileddizzilywithbonbonsandcakes,wasascrowdedandbustlingasarailwaystation.（它還為許多其他的人建造，像往常一樣，他們都在那里。這似乎是人性的表現(xiàn)。大理石門廳里堆滿了令人眼花繚亂的糖果和蛋糕，擁擠得像火車站一樣。），可知A選項(xiàng)“入口大廳被比作一個(gè)火車站”，是作者做的比較，排除A選項(xiàng)。文章第二段第五句話whereanorchestra,ledbyayoungJewishviolinistwithwanderinglustrouseyesandapassionfortremoloeffects,actedasamagnettoathousandgirls（一個(gè)年輕的猶太小提琴家?guī)ьI(lǐng)著一支管弦樂隊(duì)，他有著明亮的眼睛，對(duì)顫音的熱情，像磁鐵一樣吸引著無數(shù)女孩），可知B選項(xiàng)“管弦樂隊(duì)被比作一塊磁鐵”，也是作者用的比喻，排除B選項(xiàng)。由文章第二段第四句話theatmosphereinsidewasgolden,tropical,belongingtosomehighmid-summerofconfectionery（里面的氣氛是金黃色的，充滿了熱帶氣息，像是糖果店的盛夏時(shí)節(jié)），可知D選項(xiàng)“咖啡館的內(nèi)部被比作溫暖的國家”，也是作者的比喻，故排除D選項(xiàng)。由第二段第五句話Disdainingthelifts,Turgis,oncemoreexcitedbythesight,sound,andsmellofitall,climbedthewidestaircaseuntilhereachedhisfavoritefloor（Turgis對(duì)電梯不屑一顧，他再一次為這一切的景象、聲音和氣味而興奮，爬上寬大的樓梯，一直走到他最喜歡的樓層），可知B選項(xiàng)“Turgis像一名勝利的士兵一樣歡迎電梯的到來”，不正確。綜上所述，本題的正確答案是B選項(xiàng)。

8.單選題

Manynovelsthatattempttomirrortheworldarereally___oftherealitythattheyrepresent.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.reflections

B.demonstrations

C.illuminations

D.reproductions

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.reflections反映；反響B(tài).demonstrations示范；展示

C.illuminations啟發(fā)；闡釋D.reproductions復(fù)制；復(fù)制品

【考查點(diǎn)】近義詞辨析。

【解題思路】句中mirror在這里表示反映的意思，that引導(dǎo)一個(gè)定語從句修飾novel，在這里表示嘗試反映世界的小說?？崭窈蠼觨f，of短語做后置定語。主句為novelsare+空格處名詞?？崭裉帒?yīng)該填一個(gè)與mirror相似的單詞，表示反映的意思。A選項(xiàng)reflection符合句意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)demonstration表示清楚細(xì)致地展示；

C選項(xiàng)illumination指某物能夠被理解；

D選項(xiàng)reproduction表示復(fù)制出與原物相似的物品。

【句意】許多試圖反映世界的小說實(shí)際上反映了它們所代表的現(xiàn)實(shí)。

9.填空題

Theimpactoftheiractivitiesisincreasedimportanceatatimewhenmostgovernmentsmanagetheeconomywithoneeyeontheunemploymentstatistics.

A

B

C

D

【答案】Aincreasedimportance改為ofincreasedimportance

【解析】【考查點(diǎn)】固定搭配。

【解題思路】A部分前面是be動(dòng)詞，A部分所在內(nèi)容為表語，這里表達(dá)的意思是活動(dòng)的影響很重要，固定搭配為beofimportance，所以這里應(yīng)為ofincreasedimportance。

【句意】在大多數(shù)政府管理經(jīng)濟(jì)時(shí)都只關(guān)注失業(yè)統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)的時(shí)候，這些企業(yè)活動(dòng)的影響變得越來越重要。

10.單選題

X.IntellectualProperties

UnitedStatesjoinedtheBerneConventionfortheProtectionofLiteraryandArtisticWorksin1989.Initsinitialimplementationact,CongressawardednoprotectiontoworksthathadfalleninthepublicdomainintheUnitedStates.

ThiswaschallengedasaviolationoftheConventionprovisiononretroactiveprotectionofsuchworks.CongressreversedcoursewhenitimplementedtheUruguayRoundresultsbecauseitknewitsfailuretoimplementArticle18couldnowbechallengedbeforeWTODisputeSettlementBody.ItthusreimplementedtheConventionbyprovidingextensiveprotectiontocopyrightholdersandrestoringworksthathadbeeninthepublicdomain,whileprovidinglimitedrightsto“relianceparties”thathadbeenexploitingthoseworkslegallywithoutpaymentorauthorization.Thisis,atitscore,thebasisofthechallengethathasreachedtheSupremeCourtinGolanv.Holder—namely,thatrestoringprotectiononpublicdomainworksviolatestheconstitutionalrightsofthoserelianceparties.

WhenjoiningtheBemeConvention,theUnitedStatesadheredtoitsmostrecentversion,the1971ParisAct.Article18oftheParisActaddresseshowmemberstatesshouldimplementtheConventionattheirtimeofentry.Article18(1)providesthat:“ThisConventionshallapplytoallworkswhich,atthemomentofitscomingintoforce,havenotyetfallenintothepublicdomaininthecountryoforiginthroughtheexpiryofthetermofprotection.”Article18(2)goesontoclarifythat“[i]f,however,throughtheexpiryofthetermofprotectionwhichwaspreviouslygranted,aworkhasfallenintothepublicdomainofthecountrywhereprotectionisclaimed,thatworkshallnotbeprotectedanew.”Proponentsofarestrictivereadingoftheseprovisionstendtoemphasizethe“shall”inArticle18(1),butnotthe“shallnot”inArticle18(2).ButtheConventionclearlyestablishestheprincipleofprotectionofexistingworksinsomeinstancesonlywhilealsopreservingmostofthepublicdomain.Takentogether,Articles18(1)and18(2)providethataworkalreadyinthepublicdomainmustbeprotectedanew—thatis,removedfromthepublicdomainandplaced(back)intheexclusivedomainoftheforeigncopyrightholder(s)—onlyinthespecificcircumstancewhere:(1)thatworkbothremainsprotectedinitscountryoforigin,and(2)itisnotprotectedinthecountrywhereprotectionisclaimedforareasonotherthantheexpirationofatermofprotectionpreviouslygranted(e.g.,forfailuretocomplywitharegistrationrequirement).

87.Accordingtothe2ndparagraph,aworkpublishedin1971andprotectedinJapan,whichwasnotprotectedintheUSbeforetheestablishmentofWTO,is___intheUSin2012.

88.Theunderlinedphrase“relianceparties”meansthosewho___.

89.AccordingtoArticle18oftheBerneConvention,aworkalreadyinthepublicdomainmustbeprotectedanewwhenaworkremainsprotectedinitscountryoforigin___itisnotprotectedinthecountrywhereprotectionisclaimedforareasonotherthantheexpirationofatermofprotection.

90.Fromtheparagraphs,onecanimaginethatintheSupremeCourtcaseGolanv.Holder,thefollowingischallengedexcept___.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.notprotected

B.conditionallyprotected

C.uncertainforitsprotection

D.protected

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.useaworkwiththebelievethattheworkisnotprotected

B.relyontheworkfortheirliving

C.arenotprotectedbyUSCopyrightAct

D.whowereplaintiffsinGolanv.Holder

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.or

B.and

C.and/or

D.but

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.thecopyrightprotectionofworksformallyinthepublicdomain

B.thelegislativepowertoenactlawdeprivingsomepeople’srights

C.thecorrectnessofArticle18oftheBerneConvention

D.theconstitutionalityofrestoringprotectiononpublicdomainworks

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:B

【解析】87.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文第三段Takentogether,Articles18(1)and18(2)providethataworkalreadyinthepublicdomainmustbeprotectedanew—thatis,removedfromthepublicdomainandplaced(back)intheexclusivedomainoftheforeigncopyrightholder(s)—onlyinthespecificcircumstancewhere:(1)thatworkbothremainsprotectedinitscountryoforigin,and(2)itisnotprotectedinthecountrywhereprotectionisclaimedforareasonotherthantheexpirationofatermofprotectionpreviouslygranted(e.g.,forfailuretocomplywitharegistrationrequirement).（綜上所述，第18條第1款和第18條第2款規(guī)定，已經(jīng)在公共領(lǐng)域的作品必須重新受到保護(hù)——即從公共領(lǐng)域移出并（重新）置于外國版權(quán)所有者的專有領(lǐng)域——只有在以下特定情況下：1作品在原產(chǎn)國仍受保護(hù)；2作品在因先前給予的保護(hù)期限屆滿以外的原因（例如，未能符合注冊(cè)要求）而要求保護(hù)的國家不受保護(hù)）可知一本出版于1971年、在日本受到保護(hù)的著作，在WTO成立前在美國不受保護(hù)，2012年在美國有條件的受到保護(hù)，因?yàn)檫@本著作在日本受到版權(quán)保護(hù)，而第18條第1款和第18條第2款規(guī)定本公約特定情況下，選B選項(xiàng)“有條件地保護(hù)”；A選項(xiàng)“不受保護(hù)”，C選項(xiàng)“對(duì)其保護(hù)不確定”和D選項(xiàng)“保護(hù)”都不符合原文。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

88.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文第二段ItthusreimplementedtheConventionbyprovidingextensiveprotectiontocopyrightholdersandrestoringworksthathadbeeninthepublicdomain,whileprovidinglimitedrightsto“relianceparties”thathadbeenexploitingthoseworkslegallywithoutpaymentorauthorization.Thisis,atitscore,thebasisofthechallengethathasreachedtheSupremeCourtinGolanv.Holder—namely,thatrestoringprotectiononpublicdomainworksviolatestheconstitutionalrightsofthoserelianceparties（因此，它重新實(shí)施了《公約》，為版權(quán)持有人提供了廣泛的保護(hù)，恢復(fù)了屬于公共領(lǐng)域的作品，同時(shí)為未經(jīng)付款或授權(quán)而合法利用這些作品的“信賴方”提供了有限的權(quán)利。這是最高法院在Golanv.Holder案中提出的質(zhì)疑的核心基礎(chǔ)，即恢復(fù)對(duì)公共領(lǐng)域作品的保護(hù)侵犯了這些信賴方的憲法權(quán)利）可知這些原文劃線句子中的信賴方指的是Golanv.Holder案中的原告，選D選項(xiàng)“他們是Golanv.Holder案的原告”，同時(shí)可知C選項(xiàng)“不受美國版權(quán)法保護(hù)”和原文不匹配，原文提到信賴方是合法利用這些作品；A選項(xiàng)“在使用作品時(shí)，請(qǐng)相信該作品不受保護(hù)”，B選項(xiàng)“依靠工作謀生”原文未涉及。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

89.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干大意為：據(jù)《伯爾尼公約》第十八條的規(guī)定，當(dāng)作品在其原籍國仍然受到保護(hù)時(shí)，已經(jīng)在公共領(lǐng)域的作品必須重新受到保護(hù)___在因保護(hù)期限到期以外的原因而要求保護(hù)的國家，它不受保護(hù)。根據(jù)題干大意定位到原文最后一段Takentogether,Articles18(1)and18(2)providethataworkalreadyinthepublicdomainmustbeprotectedanew—thatis,removedfromthepublicdomainandplaced(back)intheexclusivedomainoftheforeigncopyrightholder(s)—onlyinthespecificcircumstancewhere:(1)thatworkbothremainsprotectedinitscountryoforigin,and(2)itisnotprotectedinthecountrywhereprotectionisclaimedforareasonotherthantheexpirationofatermofprotectionpreviouslygranted(e.g.,forfailuretocomplywitharegistrationrequirement).（綜上所述，第18條第1款和第18條第2款規(guī)定，已經(jīng)在公共領(lǐng)域的作品必須重新受到保護(hù)——即從公共領(lǐng)域移出并（重新）置于外國版權(quán)所有者的專有領(lǐng)域——只有在以下特定情況下：1作品在原產(chǎn)國仍受保護(hù)；2作品在因先前給予的保護(hù)期限屆滿以外的原因（例如，未能符合注冊(cè)要求）而要求保護(hù)的國家不受保護(hù)）可知當(dāng)1.作品在其原籍國仍然受到保護(hù)時(shí)，已經(jīng)在公共領(lǐng)域的作品必須重新受到保護(hù)，2.作品在因先前給予的保護(hù)期限屆滿以外的原因（例如，未能符合注冊(cè)要求）而要求保護(hù)的國家不受保護(hù)，是需要滿足的兩個(gè)情況，可以兩種情況都滿足，也可只滿足其中一種情況，選C選項(xiàng)“和/或”；A選項(xiàng)“或”，B選項(xiàng)“和”以及D選項(xiàng)“但”都不符合原文。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

90.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文第一段最后一句Initsinitialimplementationact,CongressawardednoprotectiontoworksthathadfalleninthepublicdomainintheUnitedStates.（在最初的《實(shí)施法》中，國會(huì)沒有對(duì)在美國屬于公共領(lǐng)域的作品給予保護(hù)）以及第二段開頭ThiswaschallengedasaviolationoftheConventionprovisiononretroactiveprotectionofsuchworks.（有人質(zhì)疑這違反了《公約》關(guān)于追溯保護(hù)此類作品的規(guī)定）可知A選項(xiàng)“正式進(jìn)入公共領(lǐng)域的作品的版權(quán)保護(hù)”是會(huì)被質(zhì)疑的內(nèi)容，排除；根據(jù)第二段ItthusreimplementedtheConventionbyprovidingextensiveprotectiontocopyrightholdersandrestoringworksthathadbeeninthepublicdomain,whileprovidinglimitedrightsto“relianceparties”thathadbeenexploitingthoseworkslegallywithoutpaymentorauthorization.Thisis,atitscore,thebasisofthechallengethathasreachedtheSupremeCourtinGolanv.Holder—namely,thatrestoringprotectiononpublicdomainworksviolatestheconstitutionalrightsofthoserelianceparties.（因此，它重新執(zhí)行了《公約》，向版權(quán)持有人提供廣泛的保護(hù)，恢復(fù)屬于公共領(lǐng)域的作品，同時(shí)向在沒有支付或授權(quán)的情況下合法利用這些作品的“信賴方”提供有限的權(quán)利。這是最高法院在Golanv.Holder案中提出的質(zhì)疑的核心基礎(chǔ)，即恢復(fù)對(duì)公共領(lǐng)域作品的保護(hù)侵犯了這些信賴方的憲法權(quán)利）可知C選項(xiàng)“《伯爾尼公約》第18條的正確性”以及D選項(xiàng)“恢復(fù)對(duì)公共領(lǐng)域作品的保護(hù)的合憲性”是會(huì)被質(zhì)疑的內(nèi)容，排除；B選項(xiàng)“制定剝奪某些人權(quán)利的法律的立法權(quán)”原文沒有涉及。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

11.單選題

Cananovelistremain______totheproblemsoftheworldinwhichhelives?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.impartial

B.indifferent

C.careless

D.detached

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項(xiàng)impartial“公正的，沒有偏見的”，B項(xiàng)indifferent“冷漠的，漠不關(guān)心的”，C項(xiàng)careless“粗心的，無憂無慮的”，D項(xiàng)detached“分離的，分開的”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞novelist“小說家”和theproblemsoftheworldinwhichhelives“自己所生活的世界的問題”可知，A項(xiàng)符合語境。句意：小說家能對(duì)他所處世界上的問題不偏不倚嗎？因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

12.單選題

Theprofessorgave（）instructionforcarryingouttheresearchproject.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.explicit

B.formidable

C.afflictive

D.dominant

【答案】A

【解析】形容詞辨析。句意：為了完成研究項(xiàng)目，教授給了簡介。explicit詳盡的，詳述的；formidable可怕的，難以對(duì)付的；afflictive令人痛苦的，苦惱的；dominant支配的，顯性的。因此，A項(xiàng)符合句意。

13.單選題

Theearliestcontroversiesabouttherelationshipbetweenphotographyandartcenteredonwhetherphotograph’sfidelitytoappearancesanddependenceonamachineallowedittobeafineartasdistinctfrommerelyapracticalart.Throughoutthenineteenthcentury,thedefenseofphotographywasidenticalwiththestruggletoestablishitasafineart.Againstthechargethatphotographywasasoulless,mechanicalcopyingofreality,photographersassertedthatitwasinsteadaprivilegedwayofseeing,arevoltagainstcommonplacevision,andnolessworthyanartthanpainting.

Ironically,nowthatphotographyissecurelyestablishedasafineart,manyphotographersfinditpretentiousorirrelevanttolabelitassuch.Seriousphotographersvariouslyclaimtobefinding,recording,impartiallyobserving,witnessingevents,exploringthemselves—anythingbutmakingworksofart.Theyarenolongerwillingtodebatewhetherphotographyisorisnotafineart,excepttoproclaimthattheirownworkisnotinvolvedwithart.ItshowstheextenttowhichtheysimplytakeforgrantedtheconceptofartimposedbythetriumphofModernism:thebettertheart,themoresubversiveitisofthetraditionalaimsofart.

Photographers’disclaimersofanyinterestinmakingarttellusmoreabouttheharriedstatusofthecontemporarynotionofartthanaboutwhetherphotographyisorisnotart.Forexample,thosephotographerswhosupposethat,by