書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-南華大學(xué)船山學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Thesecondmajorcauseofthechangesinculturalpolicythatwearewitnessingatthepresenttimeistheradicaltransformationoftheeconomicenvironmentinwhichculturalgoodsareproduced,distributedandconsumed,broughtaboutbywhatislooselyreferredtoas"globalization".Thistermiswidelyusedinthecontemporarydiscoursetoidentifyaseriesofrelatedtrendsthatcanbeobservedineconomic,socialandgeopoliticalspheres.Essentially,globalizationcanbedefinedasthreephenomena:thebreakdownofbarrierstothemovementofresources,especiallycapitalandlabor,betweencountriesandregions;theemergenceofaglobalmarketplaceformanycommodities,withincreasedcommercialopportunitiesforbothnationalandtransnationalcompanies;andtheinternationalizationofcommunications,leadingto,amongotherthings,thefreetransmissionofculturalsymbolsandmessagesaroundtheworld.Therearebothtechnologicalandeconomiccausesunderlyingthesephenomena;thedigitalrevolution,theexplosionincomputationalpoweravailableacrossawiderangeofapplications,thegrowthoftheinternetandtheinventionofnewdevicesforcommunicationanddatatransmissionhavetogetherprovidedthetechnologicalimpetusforglobalization,whileitsoperationshavebeenenabledbyawidespreadacceptanceofneoliberaleconomicprinciplesasthebasisfornationalandinternationalpolicy-making.

Theeffectsofthesetrendsonartists,creativeworkers,commercialandnon-commercialfirmsproducinganddistributingculturalproducts,culturalagenciesandinstitutions,andconsumers,havebeenprofound.Tobeginwith,ontheproductionsidenewcommunicationstechnologistshavefosterednewformsofculturalexpressionandopenedupnewavenuesforculturalexchange.Atthecuttingedge,artistsworkinginnewmediaareexperimentingwithinnovativemethodsformakingartandcommunicatingittoconsumers;thesedevelopmentscanbelikenedtoR&Dactivitiesinindustry,giventhattheeventualpayoff(inbothartisticandcommercialterms)isuncertainbutcouldbesubstantial.ManuelCastellshasobservedthatthisnewtechnologicalenvironmentcanbedescribedasculturalinsofarasitsdynamicsaredependenton"thecultureofinnovation,onthecultureofrisk,onthecultureofexpectationsand.ultimately,onthecultureofhopeinthefuture."

Furthermore,newtechnologistshaveledtonewwaysforculturalproducerstocarryontheirbusinessoperations,throughimprovedinformationandmarketingservices,moreefficientmanagementsystems,andsoon.Forexample,museumsandgalleriesaredigitizingtheircollections,performinggroupsareadoptingelectronicticketing,andnewspapersarebeingmadeavailableon-line.Atthesametime,threatshaveemergedtotraditionalmodesofculturalproductionanddistribution,nowheremoreevidentthaninthemusicindustry,whereillegaldownloadsfromtheinternetcontinuetoaffecttherevenuestreamsofperformers,publishersandrecordcompanies.

1.Thebesttitleforthepassageisprobably（）.

2.Whichofthefollowingphenomenacloselyrelatedto"globalization"isNOTmentionedinthepassage?

3.Oneofthecausesunderlyingtheglobalizationtrendsisthat（）.

4.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEabouttheeffectsofglobalizationonculturalindustry?

5.Thewordimpetusinparagraph1isclosestinmeaningto（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.NewTrendsBroughtaboutbyGlobalization

B.TheCulturalCausesofGlobalization

C.TheEmergenceofGlobalization

D.GlobalizationandCulturalIndustry

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Thebreakdownofbarrierstothemovementofcapitalresources.

B.Theemergenceofaglobalmarketplaceformanycommodities.

C.Thevanishingofculturaldiversity.

D.Thefreetransmissionofculturalsymbolsandmessagesaroundtheworld.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.theuniversalacceptanceofneoliberaleconomicprinciples

B.thefreemovementoflaborresourcesacrosstheworld

C.theemergenceofmanytransnationalcompanies

D.thesupportofpolicy-makersacrosstheworld

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theeffectsofglobalizationonartistsandcreativeworkershavebeenmoreprofoundthanonculturalagenciesandinstitutions.

B.Itthreatensthetraditionalmodesofculturalproductionanddistribution.

C.Museumsandgalleriescandisplayandselltheirdigitizedcollections.

D.Downloadsfromtheinternetcontinuetoaffecttherevenuestreamsofperformers,publishersandrecordcompanies.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.impede

B.fuel

C.impact

D.impeachment

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:B

【解析】1.主旨題?？v觀全文，文章主要提到了在全球化的環(huán)境給文化產(chǎn)業(yè)帶來(lái)了一些影響，全球化對(duì)文化產(chǎn)業(yè)在構(gòu)成一定的威脅和挑戰(zhàn)。所以文章內(nèi)容主要是圍繞全球化和文化產(chǎn)業(yè)展開(kāi)的。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段，“Essentially,globalizationcanbedefinedasthreephenomena:thebreakdownofbarrierstothemovementofresources,especiallycapitalandlabor,betweencountriesandregions;theemergenceofaglobalmarketplaceformanycommodities,withincreasedcommercialopportunitiesforbothnationalandtransnationalcompanies;andtheinternationalizationofcommunications,leadingto,amongotherthings,thefreetransmissionofculturalsymbolsandmessagesaroundtheworld.”，可知文中提到的全球化帶來(lái)現(xiàn)象包括thebreakdownofbarrierstothemovementofresources“打破資源流動(dòng)的障礙”，theemergenceofaglobalmarketplaceformanycommodities“許多商品在全球市場(chǎng)出現(xiàn)”，freetransmissionofculturalsymbolsandmessagesaroundtheworld“文化符號(hào)和信息的自由傳播”，所以只有文化的多樣性沒(méi)有提及。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段，“Therearebothtechnologicalandeconomiccausesunderlyingthesephenomena…whileitsoperationshavebeenenabledbyawidespreadacceptanceofneoliberaleconomicprinciplesasthebasisfornationalandinternationalpolicy-making.”，可知這些現(xiàn)象的背后既有技術(shù)原因，也有經(jīng)濟(jì)原因，而只有新自由主義經(jīng)濟(jì)原則作為國(guó)家和國(guó)際決策的基礎(chǔ)得到廣泛接受，才能使全球化成為可能。所以造成全球化趨勢(shì)的原因之一是新自由主義經(jīng)濟(jì)原則的普遍接受。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段第一句，“Theeffectsofthesetrendsonartists…h(huán)avebeenprofound.”，可知對(duì)于全球化對(duì)各方面的影響沒(méi)有進(jìn)行對(duì)比。選項(xiàng)A不符合文意，可排除。根據(jù)文章最后一段，“Forexample,museumsandgalleriesaredigitizingtheircollections”，可知博物館和畫(huà)廊正在把他們的收藏品數(shù)字化，所以并沒(méi)有提到displayandsell，選項(xiàng)C不符合文意，可排除。根據(jù)文章最后一段，“…threatshaveemergedtotraditionalmodesofculturalproductionanddistribution,nowheremoreevidentthaninthemusicindustry,whereillegaldownloadsfromtheinternetcontinuetoaffecttherevenuestreamsofperformers,publishersandrecordcompanies.”，可知來(lái)自互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的非法下載繼續(xù)對(duì)演員、出版商和唱片公司的收入來(lái)源造成影響。選項(xiàng)D并未提到下載是非法還是合法的，不符合文意，可排除。同時(shí)根據(jù)此句，可知傳統(tǒng)的文化生產(chǎn)和傳播方式受到了威脅。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

5.詞義理解題。impede“妨礙”；fuel“燃料，刺激因素”；impact“影響，撞擊”；impeachment“彈劾，控告”。句意：為全球化提供技術(shù)動(dòng)力。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

2.單選題

Accordingtodoctors,ifonecan

thebottleandcigarettes,onecanusuallybemuchhealthier.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.takeoff

B.keepoff

C.getoff

D.leaveoff

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。takeoff“起飛；離開(kāi)”；keepoff“讓開(kāi)；不接近”；getoff“動(dòng)身”；leaveoff“停止”。句意：根據(jù)醫(yī)生的說(shuō)法，如果一個(gè)人能遠(yuǎn)離煙酒，他會(huì)更健康。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

3.單選題

TheUnitedStatesFoodandDragAdministrationhasshownitselftobeparticularlywarywithregardtoalleged“miracle”drugsinrecentyears.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.bellicose

B.exhausted

C.cautious

D.strange

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)bellicose“好戰(zhàn)的”；B選項(xiàng)exhausted“精疲力竭的”；C選項(xiàng)cautious“謹(jǐn)慎的”；D選項(xiàng)strange“奇怪的”。句意：近年來(lái)，美國(guó)食品藥品監(jiān)督管理局對(duì)所謂的神藥的態(tài)度開(kāi)始特別謹(jǐn)慎。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，C選項(xiàng)cautious“謹(jǐn)慎的”比較符合對(duì)miracledrugs“神藥”的態(tài)度，和wary“謹(jǐn)慎的”同義，符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

Thedecision______,thenextproblemwashowtomakeagoodplan.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.hasbeenmade

B.weremade

C.havingbeenmade

D.making

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.hasbeenmade被做B.weremade被做

C.havingbeenmade被做D.making做

【考查點(diǎn)】獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。

【解題思路】句子主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)完整，所以空格處只能做非謂語(yǔ)，而decision和thenextproblem不是同一個(gè)邏輯主語(yǔ)，所以前半部分只能做獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)；decision和make之間是被動(dòng)的關(guān)系，而且是決定做出后，下個(gè)問(wèn)題是怎么制定計(jì)劃，所以只能用havingbeenmade，C項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A、B選項(xiàng)為謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，不符合語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)；

D選項(xiàng)不符合時(shí)態(tài)，排除。

【句意】決定做好之后，下一個(gè)問(wèn)題是如何制定一個(gè)好的計(jì)劃。

5.單選題

China’s（

）culturalheritageshouldbebetterprotectedthroughincreasedeffortstopreserveendangeredart.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.indivisible

B.intelligible

C.intangible

D.inalienable

【答案】C

【解析】考查形近詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)indivisible“分不開(kāi)的，不可分割的”；B選項(xiàng)intelligible“易懂的，容易理解的”；C選項(xiàng)intangible“難以形容（或理解）的，無(wú)形的（指沒(méi)有實(shí)體存在的資本性資產(chǎn)）”；D選項(xiàng)inalienable“不可剝奪（或分割）的”。由culturalheritage（文化遺產(chǎn)）及語(yǔ)境可知選C。句意：中國(guó)的非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)應(yīng)該通過(guò)加大努力保護(hù)瀕危藝術(shù)而得到更好的保護(hù)。

6.單選題

Throughoutthenation’smorethan15,000schooldistricts,widelydifferingapproachestoteachingscienceandmathhaveemerged.Thoughtherecanbestrengthindiversity,anewinternationalanalysissuggeststhatthisvariabilityhasinsteadcontributedtolacklusterachievementscoresbyU.S.childrenrelativetotheirpeersinotherdevelopedcountries.

Indeed,concludesWilliamH.SchmidtofMichiganStateUniversity,wholedthenewanalysis,“nosingleintellectuallycoherentvisiondominatesU.S.educationalpracticeinmathorscience.”Thereason,hesaid,“isbecausethesystemisdeeplyandfundamentallyflawed.”

Thenewanalysis,releasedthisweekbytheNationalScienceFoundationinArlington,Va,isbasedondatacollectedfromabout50nationsaspartoftheThirdInternationalMathematicsandScienceStudy.

NotonlydoapproachestoteachingscienceandmathvaryamongindividualU.S.communities,thereportfinds,butthereappearstobelittlestrategicfocuswithinaschooldistrict’scurricula,itstextbooks,oritsteachers’activities.Thiscontrastssharplywiththecoordinatednationalprogramsofmostothercountries.

Onaverage,U.S.studentsstudymoretopicswithinscienceandmaththantheirinternationalcounterpartsdo.Thiscreatesaneducationalenvironmentthat“isamilewideandaninchdeep,”Schmidtnotes.

Forinstance,eighthgradersintheUnitedStatescoverabout33topicsinmathversusjust19inJapan.Amongsciencecourses,theinternationalgapisevenwider.U.S.curriculaforthisagelevelresemblethoseofasmallgroupofcountriesincludingAustralia,Thailand,Iceland,andBulgaria.SchmidtaskswhethertheUnitedStateswantstobeclassedwiththesenations,whoseeducationalsystems“shareourpatternofsplinteredvisions”butwhicharenoteconomicleaders.

Thenewreport“couldn’tcomeatabettertime,”saysGeraldWheeler,executivedirectoroftheNationalScienceTeachersAssociationinArlington.“ThenewNationalScienceEducationStandardsprovidethatfocusedvision,”includingthecall“todoless,butingreaterdepth.”

Implementingthenewsciencestandardsandtheirmathcounterpartswillbethechallenge,heandSchmidtagree,becausethedecentralizedresponsibilityforeducationintheUnitedStatesrequiresthatanyreformsbetailoredandinstitutedonecommunityatatime.

Infact,Schmidtargues,reformssuchastheseproposednationalstandards“faceanalmostimpossibletask,becauseeventhoughtheyareintellectuallycoherent,eachbecomesonlyonemorevoiceinthebabble.”

1.Accordingtothepassage,theteachingofscienceandmathinAmericais____.

2.ThefundamentalflawofAmericanschooleducationisthat____.

3.BysayingthattheU.S.educationalenvironmentis“amilewideandaninchdeep”(Para.5),theauthormeansU.S.educationalpractice____.

4.ThenewNationalScienceEducationStandardsaregoodnewsinthattheywill____.

5.Puttingthenewscienceandmathstandardsintopracticewillprovedifficultbecause____.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.focusedontappingstudents’potential

B.characterizedbyitsdiversity

C.losingitsvitalitygradually

D.goingdownhillinrecentyears

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.itlacksacoordinatednationalprogram

B.itsetsaverylowacademicstandardforstudents

C.itreliesheavilyontheinitiativeofindividualteachers

D.itattachestoomuchimportancetointensivestudyofschoolsubjects

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.laysstressonqualityattheexpenseofquantity

B.offersanenvironmentforcomprehensiveeducation

C.encourageslearningbothindepthandinscope

D.scratchesthesurfaceofawiderangeoftopics

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.providedepthtoschoolscienceeducation

B.solvemostoftheproblemsinschoolteaching

C.beabletomeetthedemandsofthecommunity

D.quicklydominateU.S.educationalpractice

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.thereisalwayscontroversyineducationalcirclesofthesestandards

B.notenougheducatorshaverealizedthenecessityfordoingso

C.schooldistrictsareresponsibleformakingtheirowndecisions

D.manyschoolteacherschallengetheacceptability

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Accordingtothepassage,theteachingofscienceandmathinAmericais____.根據(jù)文章，美國(guó)的科學(xué)和數(shù)學(xué)教學(xué)是____。

A.focusedontappingstudents’potentialA.側(cè)重于挖掘?qū)W生的潛力

B.characterizedbyitsdiversityB.具有多樣性的特點(diǎn)

C.losingitsvitalitygraduallyC.正逐漸失去其活力

D.goingdownhillinrecentyearsD.正在走下坡路

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到第一段“盡管多樣性有其優(yōu)勢(shì)，但一項(xiàng)新的國(guó)際分析表明，這種多樣性反而導(dǎo)致了美國(guó)孩子相對(duì)于其他發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家同齡人的成績(jī)平平?！闭f(shuō)明美國(guó)的教學(xué)具有多樣性的特點(diǎn)。因此選B。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“側(cè)重于挖掘?qū)W生的潛力”，文章沒(méi)有提及，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有；

C選項(xiàng)“正逐漸失去其活力”，文章沒(méi)有提及，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有；

D選項(xiàng)“正在走下坡路”，文章沒(méi)有提及，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有。

2.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

ThefundamentalflawofAmericanschooleducationisthat____.美國(guó)學(xué)校教育的根本缺陷是____。

A.itlacksacoordinatednationalprogramA.它缺乏一個(gè)協(xié)調(diào)一致的國(guó)家計(jì)劃

B.itsetsaverylowacademicstandardforstudentsB.它為學(xué)生設(shè)定了非常低的學(xué)術(shù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

C.itreliesheavilyontheinitiativeofindividualteachersC.它在很大程度上依賴于個(gè)別教師的主動(dòng)性

D.itattachestoomuchimportancetointensivestudyofschoolsubjectsD.它過(guò)于重視學(xué)校課程的強(qiáng)化學(xué)習(xí)

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到第二段“因?yàn)檫@個(gè)體系存在深刻和根本的缺陷?！庇傻谒亩慰芍皥?bào)告發(fā)現(xiàn)，不僅美國(guó)各個(gè)社區(qū)教授科學(xué)和數(shù)學(xué)的方法各不相同，而且學(xué)區(qū)的課程、教科書(shū)或教師的活動(dòng)中似乎也沒(méi)有什么戰(zhàn)略重點(diǎn)。這與大多數(shù)其他國(guó)家協(xié)調(diào)一致的國(guó)家計(jì)劃形成鮮明對(duì)比?！狈治鋈模?yàn)槊绹?guó)與其他國(guó)家不同，沒(méi)有協(xié)調(diào)一致的國(guó)家計(jì)劃，導(dǎo)致美國(guó)教育存在缺陷。因此選A。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)“它為學(xué)生設(shè)定了非常低的學(xué)術(shù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”，文中沒(méi)有提及，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有；

C選項(xiàng)“它在很大程度上依賴于個(gè)別教師的主動(dòng)性”，文中沒(méi)有提及，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有；

D選項(xiàng)“它過(guò)于重視學(xué)校課程的強(qiáng)化學(xué)習(xí)”，文中提到“學(xué)區(qū)的課程、教科書(shū)或教師的活動(dòng)中似乎也沒(méi)有什么戰(zhàn)略重點(diǎn)?！笨芍绹?guó)的教育沒(méi)有重點(diǎn)，沒(méi)有重視強(qiáng)化學(xué)習(xí)，該選項(xiàng)與原文意思相反，屬于反向干擾。

3.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

BysayingthattheU.S.educationalenvironmentis“amilewideandaninchdeep”(Para.5),theauthormeansU.S.educationalpractice____.作者說(shuō)美國(guó)的教育環(huán)境是“一英里寬，一英寸深”（第5段），意思是美國(guó)的教育實(shí)踐____。

A.laysstressonqualityattheexpenseofquantityA.強(qiáng)調(diào)質(zhì)量而忽視數(shù)量

B.offersanenvironmentforcomprehensiveeducationB.提供全面教育的環(huán)境

C.encourageslearningbothindepthandinscopeC.鼓勵(lì)學(xué)習(xí)的深度和廣度

D.scratchesthesurfaceofawiderangeoftopicsD.涉及面很廣

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)出處提示詞Paragraph5與題干信息可定位到第五段該句話的上文“平均而言，美國(guó)學(xué)生比其他國(guó)家的學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)更多的科學(xué)和數(shù)學(xué)科目?！币簿褪钦f(shuō)美國(guó)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)很多科目，可以推斷美國(guó)教育涉及面很廣。因此選D。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“強(qiáng)調(diào)質(zhì)量而忽視數(shù)量”，通過(guò)分析全文可知，美國(guó)教育強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)量忽視了質(zhì)量，該選項(xiàng)與原文意思相反，屬于反向干擾；

B選項(xiàng)“提供全面教育的環(huán)境”，文中沒(méi)有提到全面教育，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有；

C選項(xiàng)“鼓勵(lì)學(xué)習(xí)的深度和廣度”，該選項(xiàng)是美國(guó)呼吁教育改革的改革方向，而不是該句所要表達(dá)的意思，該選項(xiàng)屬于張冠李戴。

4.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

ThenewNationalScienceEducationStandardsaregoodnewsinthattheywill____.新的國(guó)家科學(xué)教育標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是好消息，因?yàn)樗鼈儗___。

A.providedepthtoschoolscienceeducationA.為學(xué)?？茖W(xué)教育提供深度

B.solvemostoftheproblemsinschoolteachingB.解決學(xué)校教學(xué)中的大多數(shù)問(wèn)題

C.beabletomeetthedemandsofthecommunityC.能夠滿足社會(huì)的需求

D.quicklydominateU.S.educationalpracticeD.很快主導(dǎo)美國(guó)的教育實(shí)踐

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到倒數(shù)第三段“包括‘做得更少，但要更深入’的呼吁”，由此可知教育改革會(huì)讓教育更深入，也就是提供深度。因此選A。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)“解決學(xué)校教學(xué)中的大多數(shù)問(wèn)題”，曲解原文，該選項(xiàng)屬于過(guò)度推斷；

C選項(xiàng)“能夠滿足社會(huì)的需求”，文中沒(méi)有提及，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有

D選項(xiàng)“很快主導(dǎo)美國(guó)的教育實(shí)踐”，文中沒(méi)有提及，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有。

5.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Puttingthenewscienceandmathstandardsintopracticewillprovedifficultbecause____.將新的科學(xué)和數(shù)學(xué)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)付諸實(shí)踐將是困難的，因?yàn)開(kāi)___。

A.thereisalwayscontroversyineducationalcirclesA.在教育界一直有爭(zhēng)議

B.notenougheducatorshaverealizedthenecessityfordoingsoB.沒(méi)有足夠的教育者認(rèn)識(shí)到這樣做的必要性

C.schooldistrictsareresponsibleformakingtheirowndecisionsC.學(xué)區(qū)有責(zé)任自己做決定

D.manyschoolteacherschallengetheacceptabilityofthesestandardsD.許多學(xué)校教師質(zhì)疑這些標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的可接受性

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到倒數(shù)第二段“他和施密特都認(rèn)為，實(shí)施新的科學(xué)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和相應(yīng)的數(shù)學(xué)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)將是一項(xiàng)挑戰(zhàn)，因?yàn)樵诿绹?guó)，教育的責(zé)任分散，要求任何改革都需要一次針對(duì)一個(gè)社區(qū)制定和實(shí)施?！庇纱丝芍?，教育改革要針對(duì)社區(qū)制定且教育責(zé)任分散，也就是說(shuō)社區(qū)有責(zé)任自己做決定。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“在教育界一直有爭(zhēng)議”，文中沒(méi)有提及，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有；

B選項(xiàng)“沒(méi)有足夠的教育者認(rèn)識(shí)到這樣做的必要性”，文中沒(méi)有提及，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有；

D選項(xiàng)“許多學(xué)校教師質(zhì)疑這些標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的可接受性”，文中沒(méi)有提及，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有。

7.單選題

Theresidents,（）hadbeendamagedbytheflood,gothelpfromtheRedCross.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.allofwhosehomesC.alltheirhomes

B.C.alltheirhomesB.

C.alltheirhomesB.allwhosehomes

D.alloftheirhomes

【答案】A

【解析】從句中表示物的所有格時(shí)用ofwhich,并且可與whose

互換。所以首先排除選項(xiàng)C和D。選項(xiàng)B表錯(cuò)誤，所以本題選A。句意：所有房屋都被洪水毀壞的居民都得到了紅十字會(huì)的幫助。

8.填空題

Who（1）youyourfirstChinesecharacterswhenyouwereachild?Anddidyouuseapencil,apen（2）abrushtowritethem?

【答案】1.taught

2.and

【解析】1.語(yǔ)義題。teachsb.sth.“教授某人”，由題干的表示時(shí)間的“whenyouwereachild”可知第一個(gè)空應(yīng)填入teach的過(guò)去式taught。

2.邏輯分析。apencil,apen,abrush三者是并列關(guān)系,用and連接表示列舉。

9.單選題

Lastyearourschoolfootballteamwonfour（）games.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.obsessive

B.concessive

C.successive

D.excessive

【答案】C

【解析】形容詞辨析題。obsessive強(qiáng)迫性的，著迷的；concessive讓步的，妥協(xié)的;successive連續(xù)的，接替的；excessive過(guò)度的。句意：去年我們學(xué)校足球隊(duì)連續(xù)贏了四場(chǎng)比賽。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

10.單選題

“IsGeorgereallyleavingtheuniversity?”

“Yes,butwouldyoumind______toanyone?”

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.nottomentionit

B.notmentionit

C.notmentioningit

D.nottomentioningit

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。動(dòng)詞mind后面要求跟動(dòng)名詞，構(gòu)成minddoingsomething“介意做某事”。否定句式為wouldyoumindnotdoingsth“請(qǐng)你不要做……好嗎？”。句意：“喬治真的要退學(xué)了嗎?”“是的，但你能不能別告訴別人?”。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

11.單選題

Inthefuturethelittleprivacywenowhavewillbegone.Somepeoplecallthislossofprivacy’’Orwellian"，harkingbackto1984.GeorgeOrwell’sclassicworkonprivacyandautonomy.Inthatbook,Orwellimaginedafutureinwhichatotalitarianstateusedspies,videosurveillance,andcontroloverthemediatomaintainitspower.Buttheageofmonolithicstatecontrolisover.Thefuturewe'rerushingtowardisn'toneinwhichoureverymoveiswatchedandrecordedbyanall-knowngovernment.Itisinsteadafutureofahundredelectronicmonitorswhoconstantlywatchandinterruptourdailylives,andwherethreatstoprivacyfindtheirrootsinthefreemarket,advancedtechnology,andtheunbridledexchangeofelectronicinformation.

Theproblemwiththeword"privacy"’isthatitfallsshortofconveyingthereallybigpicture.Privacyisn'tjustabouthidingthings.It’saboutself-possession,autonomy,andintegrity.Aswemoveintothecomputerizedworldofthe21century,privacywillbeoneofourmostimportantcivilrights.Butthisrightofprivacyisn'ttherightofpeopletoclosetheirdoorsandpulldowntheirwindowshades-perhapsbecausetheywanttoengageinsomesortofillicitorillegalactivity.It’stherightofpeopletocontrolwhichdetailsabouttheirlivesstayinsidetheirownhousesandwhichleaktotheoutside.

Today'swaronprivacyisintimatelyrelatedtotherecentdramaticadvancesintechnology.Manypeopletodaysaythatinordertoenjoythebenefitsofmodemsociety,wemustnecessarilyrelinquishsomedegreeofprivacy.Ifwewanttheconvenienceofpayingforamealbycreditcard,thenwemustaccepttheroutinecollectionofourpurchasesinalargedatabaseoverwhichwehavenocontrol.

Thistrade-offisbothunnecessaryandwrong.Itremindsmeofanothercrisisoursocietyfacedbackinthefiftiesandsixties-theenvironmentalcrisis.Then,advocatesofbigbusinesssaidthatpoisonedriversandlakeswerethenecessarycostsofeconomicdevelopment,jobs,andanimprovedstandardofliving.Poisonwasprogress:anybodywhoarguedotherwisesimplydidn’tunderstandthefacts.

Todayweknowbetter.Todayweknowthatsustainableeconomicdevelopmentdependsonpreservingtheenvironment.Similarly,inordertoreapthebenefitsoftechnology.Itismoreimportantthaneverforustousetechnologytoprotectpersonalfreedom.

1.Thepassageindicatesthatprivacyis（

）.

2.Inline18,theunderlined”degree”mostnearlymeans

（

）.

3.Lines18-20("Ifwecontrol”)primarilyserveto

（

）.

4.Thestatementsinlines24-25(’’poison"facts”)isintendedtorepresentthepointofviewof

（

）.

5.Thepassageconcludesbysuggestingthatiftechnologyistohaveapositiveeffectonpeople’slives,then

（

）.

6.Theauthorsupportstheideathatprivacycanbeprotected（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.lessvaluedbypeoplethanitoncewas

B.difficulttomaintaininthecontemporaryworld

C.necessaryforindividualfreedom

D.astumblingblocktoeconomicgrowth

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.stage

B.sequence

C.measure

D.standing

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.introduceanadditionalpoint

B.discourageacourseofaction

C.questionadecision

D.illustrateaprecedingstatement

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.bigbusiness

B.environment

C.theauthor

D.thepublic

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.individualrightsmustbeexpanded

B.protectivemeasuresmustbetaken

C.technologicaladvancesmustbesupported

D.furtherresearchmustbefound

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.atamodestcosttomostbusiness

B.withthehelpofnewtechnologies

C.withoutgivingupvaluedservices

D.throughappropriategovernmentinterventions

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:C

第6題:B

【解析】1.文章第一句提到在未來(lái)，我們現(xiàn)在擁有的隱私都會(huì)消失（Inthefuturethelittleprivacywenowhavewillbegone.），未來(lái)將會(huì)有100臺(tái)電子監(jiān)視器不斷監(jiān)視和干擾我們的日常生活，對(duì)隱私的威脅根源于自由市場(chǎng)、先進(jìn)的科學(xué)技術(shù)和電子信息交流（Itisinsteadafutureofahundredelectronicmonitorswhoconstantlywatchandinterruptourdailylives,andwherethreatstoprivacyfindtheirrootsinthefreemarket,advancedtechnology,andtheunbridledexchangeofelectronicinformation）。選項(xiàng)B“隱私在當(dāng)代世界很難維持”符合題意。

2.題干中的單詞出現(xiàn)在文章第三段第二句話Manypeopletodaysaythatinordertoenjoythebenefitsofmodemsociety,wemustnecessarilyrelinquishsomedegreeofprivacy（今天很多人說(shuō)，為了享受現(xiàn)代社會(huì)的好處，我們必須放棄一定……隱私），由some這個(gè)詞可以推測(cè)這里指的是“一定程度上的隱私”。選項(xiàng)C符合題意，表示“程度；測(cè)量”。

3.文章第三段最后一句話Ifwewanttheconvenienceofpayingforamealbycreditcard,thenwemustaccepttheroutinecollectionofourpurchasesinalargedatabaseoverwhichwehavenocontrol提到如果我們想要用信用卡支付餐費(fèi)的方便，那么我們必須在一個(gè)我們無(wú)法控制的大型數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中接受日常的采購(gòu)收集。這個(gè)具體的例子是為了說(shuō)明前文提到的“為了享受一些權(quán)益，我們必須放棄一定程度上的隱私”（Manypeopletodaysaythatinordertoenjoythebenefitsofmodemsociety,wemustnecessarilyrelinquishsomedegreeofprivacy）。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

4.文章倒數(shù)第二段最后兩句話提到大企業(yè)的擁護(hù)者認(rèn)為有毒的河流和湖泊是經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)必須的代價(jià)。毒藥就是進(jìn)步：那些反對(duì)的人是不了解這個(gè)事實(shí)（Then,advocatesofbigbusinesssaidthatpoisonedriversandlakeswerethenecessarycostsofeconomicdevelopment,jobs,andanimprovedstandardofliving.Poisonwasprogress:anybodywhoarguedotherwisesimplydidn’tunderstandthefact）。所以可以知道關(guān)于“毒藥”這些觀點(diǎn)是一些大企業(yè)的觀點(diǎn)，選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

5.文章最后一段提到可持續(xù)的發(fā)展取決于保護(hù)環(huán)境。為了從技術(shù)那獲得好處，利用技術(shù)來(lái)保護(hù)個(gè)人自由比以往任何時(shí)候更重要，因此，選項(xiàng)C“先進(jìn)的技術(shù)必須得到支持”符合題意。

6.文章中提到今天的隱私戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)是由科學(xué)技術(shù)的發(fā)展引起的，也提到可以通過(guò)利用一些技術(shù)來(lái)保護(hù)隱私，選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

12.單選題

JustbecauseI’m（）tohim,mybossthinkshecanordermearoundwithoutshowingmeanyrespect.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.redundant

B.subordinate

C.versatile

D.trivial

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)redundant“多余的；被解雇的；冗長(zhǎng)的”；B選項(xiàng)subordinate“從屬的；次要的”；C選項(xiàng)versatile“多才多藝的；通用的”；D選項(xiàng)trivial“不重要的，瑣碎的；瑣細(xì)的”。句意：只是因?yàn)槲沂撬南聦?，我的老板就認(rèn)為，他可以在對(duì)我沒(méi)有表示任何尊敬的情況下把我差來(lái)差去。根據(jù)句意可知B選項(xiàng)正確。

13.單選題

TheEnglishteacherpausedafewseconds______themosteffectivewordtoexpresshismeaning.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.embarkingon

B.embroilingin

C.branchingout

D.gropingfor

【答案】D

【解析】考查短語(yǔ)辨析。A項(xiàng)embarkon“從事，著手，登上船”，B項(xiàng)embroilin“使（自己或某人）卷入，牽連”，C項(xiàng)branchout“長(zhǎng)出枝條，擴(kuò)展范圍，偏離主題”，D項(xiàng)gropefor“探索”。由themosteffectiveword“最有效的詞”可知，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有g(shù)ropefor符合語(yǔ)境。句意：英語(yǔ)老師停頓了幾秒鐘，想找一個(gè)最有效的詞來(lái)表達(dá)他的意思。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

14.單選題

Thoughsteamengineshavenowpassedthe______oftheirusefulness,theirheritageremains.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.prime

B.era

C.epoch

D.date

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.prime年富力強(qiáng)的時(shí)期；鼎盛時(shí)期B.era時(shí)代；年代

C.epoch紀(jì)元；時(shí)期D.date日期；日子

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】名詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息passedthe______oftheirusefulness（過(guò)了它們使用的______）和主句theirheritageremains（但它的傳統(tǒng)依然存在）可推知，該句表示的是“即使蒸汽機(jī)過(guò)了當(dāng)初的鼎盛時(shí)期，但它的傳統(tǒng)依然存在至今”，空格處表示“鼎盛時(shí)期”符合句意，故該題選擇A項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B、C項(xiàng)都是指歷史上的一段時(shí)期，尤指發(fā)生重要事件或變化的時(shí)期，不符合句意；

D項(xiàng)不符合句意。

【句意】盡管蒸汽機(jī)現(xiàn)在已不再有用，但它的傳統(tǒng)依然存在。

15.單選題

Nowadaysmoneyisstillamajor（

）inmostoccupations.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.incentive

B.meticulous

C.formative

D.provision

【答案】A

【解析】Incentive動(dòng)機(jī)，刺激，激勵(lì)；meticulous一絲不茍的，小心翼翼的；formative形成的，造型的，格式化的；provision規(guī)定，條款，供應(yīng)物。句意：如今，在大多數(shù)職業(yè)中，金錢(qián)仍然是主要的激勵(lì)因素。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

16.填空題

Thewideapplicationofelectroniccomputersinscienceandtechnologywillfreemanfromthelaborofcomplicatedmeasurementand_______.(compute)

【答案】computation

【解析】【考查點(diǎn)】名詞。

【解題思路】and前后表示并列，橫線處應(yīng)該和measurement都是名詞，結(jié)合關(guān)鍵詞computers，可知橫線處單詞表示計(jì)算的意思，computation意思為“計(jì)算”，符合語(yǔ)境。

【句意】電子計(jì)算機(jī)在科學(xué)技術(shù)方面的廣泛應(yīng)用將使人們從復(fù)雜的測(cè)量和計(jì)算中解放出來(lái)。

17.單選題

Inspiteofthe（

）economicforecasts,manufacturingoutputhasrisenslightly.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.gloomy

B.miserable

C.shadowy

D.obscure

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。gloomy暗淡的，悲觀的；miserable悲慘的；shadowy朦朧的，有陰影的；obscure模糊的，晦澀的。句意：盡管經(jīng)濟(jì)前景暗淡，但是制造業(yè)產(chǎn)量卻略有上升。由inspiteof及risen可知，前后為讓步關(guān)系，故該空應(yīng)與risen意思相反，并且能修飾經(jīng)濟(jì)前景的只有A項(xiàng)。答案A

18.翻譯題

1.科學(xué)研究的方法不過(guò)是人類思維活動(dòng)的必要表達(dá)方式，也就是對(duì)一切現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行思索并給以精確而嚴(yán)肅解釋的表達(dá)方式。（3）

2.按照Sveiby的觀點(diǎn)來(lái)看，既然知識(shí)是個(gè)無(wú)形的關(guān)鍵資產(chǎn)，將知識(shí)從一個(gè)員工傳遞給另一個(gè)員工，或者從外部資源傳遞給員工的能力就是企業(yè)的一個(gè)重要能力。（4）

3.就像因事故而堵在晚間高峰路上發(fā)怒的司機(jī)一樣，如果網(wǎng)頁(yè)打開(kāi)很慢或者不能很快進(jìn)入網(wǎng)頁(yè)時(shí)，上網(wǎng)的人就會(huì)坐立不安。（4）

4.正是這個(gè)信息系統(tǒng)影響著人們醫(yī)療保健的范圍和質(zhì)量，它使社會(huì)服務(wù)更加公正，它提高了個(gè)人的舒適度，為安全和自由行動(dòng)采取更多的措施。（4）

【答案】1.Themethodofscientificresearchisnothingmorethananecessaryexpressionoftheactivityofthehumanmind,thatis,anexpressionthatcontemplatesandgivesapreciseandseriousexplanationofallphenomena.

2.FromSveiby’spointofview,sinceknowledgeisakeyintangibleasset,theabilitytotransferknowledgefromoneemployeetoanother,orfromexternalresourcestoemployees,isanimportantcapabilityofanenterprise.

3.Likeadriverstuckinanaccidentandfumingontheeveningrushhourroad,peoplewhosurftheInternetcangetfidgetyifthepageopensslowlyortheycan’tgettoitquicklyenough.

4.Itisthisinformationsystemthatinfluencesthescopeandqualityofpeople’shealthcare,itmakessocialservicesmorejust,itincreasesthecomfortofindividualsandtakesmoremeasuresforsafetyandfreemovement.

19.單選題

Thesalesdepartmenthastohavean（）knowledgeofwhatcustomerswantandhowmuchtheywanttopay.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.implicit

B.intimate

C.abrupt

D.anonymous

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)implicit“含蓄的、暗示的”；B選項(xiàng)intimate“親密的”；C選項(xiàng)abrupt“突然的”；D選項(xiàng)anonymous“匿名的”，句意為：銷售部門(mén)必須非常了解顧客想要什么，他們想要付多少錢(qián)。anintimateknowledgeof“精通某事”，因此選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

20.單選題

Theunpleasanttasteofthemedicineprescribedbyafamousdoctor（）inhis

mouthforhours.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.rests

B.waited

C.prolonged

D.lingered

【答案】D

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析。rests休息；waited等待；prolonged延長(zhǎng)；lingered逗留。句意：那位名醫(yī)開(kāi)的藥的討厭味道在他嘴里（）了好幾個(gè)小時(shí)。因此D選項(xiàng)符合句意。

21.單選題

Iamafraidtosleep.Ihavebeenafraidtosleepforthelastfewweeks.Iamsotiredthat,finally,Idosleep,butonlyforafewminutes.Itisnotabaddreamthatwakesme;itistherealityItookwithmeintosleep.Itrytothinkofsomethingelse.

Immediatelythewomaninthemarketplacecomesintomymind.

IwasonmywaytodinnerlastnightwhenIsawher.Shewassellingskirts.ShemovedwiththesameeaseandlovelinessIoftensawinthewomenofLaos.Herlongblackhairwasasshinyastheblacksilkoftheskirtsshewasselling.Inherhair,sheworethreesilkribbons,blue,green,andwhite.TheyremindedmeofmychildhoodandhowmygirlfriendsandIusedtospendhoursbraidingribbonsintoourhair.

Idon’tknowthewordfor“ribbons”,soIputmyhandtomyownhairand,withthreefingersagainstmyhead,Ilookedatherribbonsandsaid“beautiful”.Sheloweredhereyesandsaidnothing.Iwasn’tsureifsheund