定語(yǔ)從句知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)精講練習(xí)定語(yǔ)從句知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)精講練習(xí)定語(yǔ)從句知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)精講練習(xí)xxx公司定語(yǔ)從句知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)精講練習(xí)文件編號(hào)：文件日期：修訂次數(shù)：第1.0次更改批準(zhǔn)審核制定方案設(shè)計(jì)，管理制度定語(yǔ)從句講解（包含各種特殊情況對(duì)比，題目都是易錯(cuò)題）1）定語(yǔ)從句的基本概念：定語(yǔ)從句是用來(lái)修飾名詞或代詞的從句，起形容詞作用，也稱(chēng)為形容詞性從句。被定語(yǔ)從句修飾的詞叫先行詞，定語(yǔ)從句一般緊跟先行詞。定語(yǔ)從句一般用關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)，關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)一個(gè)成分，并在含義上替代先行詞。Themanismycousin.Hecametoseemethismorning.替換：Themanwhocametoseemethismorningismycousin.先行詞關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)中做主語(yǔ)，不可省略↖定語(yǔ)從句2）關(guān)系詞:①關(guān)系代詞（指人/指物/表所有格）;A.指人的關(guān)系代詞：who,做主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)；whom，只做賓語(yǔ)；that,做主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)（但指代人稱(chēng)并充當(dāng)從句主語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常用who）Heisastudent.Weshouldlearnfromhim.替換：Heisastudent(who,whom,that)weshouldlearnfrom.關(guān)系代詞充當(dāng)從句主語(yǔ)時(shí)，不能省略，充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，可以省略。B.指物的關(guān)系代詞：which,做主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)；that,做主要或賓語(yǔ)；Hesentmeapresentlastnight.Thepresentisamicewatch.替換：Thepresent(which,that)hesentmelastnightisanicewatch.關(guān)系代詞充當(dāng)從句主語(yǔ)時(shí)，不能省略，充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，可以省略。C.表所有格的關(guān)系代替：指某人的或某物的：whose,做先行詞的所有格IsthereanyoneHernameisLinda.替換：IsthereanyonewhosenameisLinda②關(guān)系副詞（時(shí)間/地點(diǎn)/原因）。A.where指地點(diǎn)，充當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)Thisistheplace.Wespentourchildhoodinthatplace.替換：Thisistheplace(which/that)wespendourchildhoodin.Thisistheplaceinwhichwespentourchildhood.Thisistheplacewherewespentourchildhood.B.when指時(shí)間，充當(dāng)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)He’llalwaysremembertheday.Hisgrandmapassedawayonthatday.替換：He’llalwaysremembertheday（which/that）hisgrandmapassedawayon.He’llalwaysrememberthedayonwhichhisgrandmapassedaway.He’llalwaysrememberthedaywhenhisgrandmapassedaway.C.why指原因，充當(dāng)原因狀語(yǔ)Thisisthereason.Theywerelateforthemeetingbecauseofthereason.替換:Thisisthereasonwhytheywerelateforthemeeting.③準(zhǔn)關(guān)系代詞assuch……as引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句……,so/such……that……如此……以致于……引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句thesame……as(相似物)/that（同一物）……ThisisthesamebagasIlostyesterday.(相似物)ThisisthesamebagthatIlostyesterday.（同一物）as……as…….Suchpeopleaswerementionedbyhimwerehonest.（as在定語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)）I’veneverseensuchaclevermanasheis.（as在定語(yǔ)從句中做表語(yǔ)）Ilikethesamebookasyoudo.（as在定語(yǔ)從句中做賓語(yǔ)）Ishalldoitinthesamewayasyoudid.（as在定語(yǔ)從句中做狀語(yǔ)）Heisasdiligentamanaseverlived.（as在定語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)）先行詞是一句話(huà)或一句話(huà)的一部分時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞可用which或as,但which不能放句首，as可放在句首，句中，句末，有“正如”的意思Asisknowntoall,heisthebeststudentinourclass.（as在定語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)）Hecamelateagain,whichmadehisteacherveryangry.3)限定性與非限定性定語(yǔ)從句A）限制性定語(yǔ)從句:是用來(lái)限制所修飾對(duì)象的意義，不能被拿掉，如果拿掉，余下的部分的意義就會(huì)不清楚；Themanwhospokeattheparents’meetingjustnowisJohn’sfather.B)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句：是對(duì)所修飾的詞作進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明，僅起補(bǔ)充作用，拿掉他，其他部分仍然清楚。非限制性定語(yǔ)從句通常與主句之間用“，”隔開(kāi)，限制性定語(yǔ)從句與主句關(guān)系密切，不用“，”隔開(kāi)。John,whosefatherisawriter,worksinBeijing.ThebookwaswrittenbyLuXun,whowasagreatwriter.4)注意要點(diǎn)A）只能用that，不能用which（who）：1、當(dāng)先行詞被最高級(jí)或序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)。2、當(dāng)先行詞是anything,everything,nothing時(shí)（something用which，that都可以）。3、當(dāng)先行詞被all,only,very,any,just,no,much等詞修飾時(shí)。4、當(dāng)先行詞既指人又指物時(shí)。5、當(dāng)句子中已有who指認(rèn)時(shí)。6、當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作表語(yǔ)時(shí)。B）不能用that1、非限制性定語(yǔ)從句2、在介詞后面不能用thatC）先行詞是place,time,reason1、當(dāng)先行詞是place（或其他表示地點(diǎn)的詞）Thisisthefamousplacewhere(atwhich)thekingusedtomeethisministers.Thisisthefamousplacewhich/that/Xwevisitedlastyear.注意：看先行詞在從句中充當(dāng)什么成分，充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)用where，充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)用which2、當(dāng)先行詞是time（或其他表示時(shí)間的詞）October1isthedaywhen(onwhich)thePeople’sRepublicofChinawasfounded.Iwillneverforgetthedayswhich/that/XIspendwithmystudents.3、當(dāng)先行詞是reasonThisisthereasonwhyhewaslatethismorning.Thisisthereasonwhich/thatmayexplainhisabsence.D)介詞+which與where，when的轉(zhuǎn)化;介詞+whom；Thehotelwheretheystayedtheotherdaywasn’tveryclean.Thehotelinwhichtheystayedtheotherdaywasn’tveryclean.Hewillalwaysrememberthedaywhenhebroketheworldrecord.Hewillalwaysrememberthedayonwhichhebroketheworldrecord.ThewomantowhomIspokejustnowismyEnglishteacher.Thewomanwho(whom)IspoketojustnowismyEnglishteacher.E)有些介詞短語(yǔ)有固定搭配意思的不能隨意搬動(dòng)Thebaby(who)mymotherislookingafterismyyoungerbrother.F)theway作先行詞，定語(yǔ)從句用that,inwhich或省略。Thatistheway_that/inwhich/X_hespoke.G）定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法I,whoamyourbestfriend,willdoeverythingforyou.Tomisoneoftheboystudentsinourclasswhoareoftenlate.Tomisthe(only)oneoftheboystudentsinourclasswhoisoftenlate.H)定語(yǔ)從句中的插入語(yǔ)Heistheteacher,whoIthinkwillbeourclassteachernextyear.Ithink,everybodybelieves,Isuppose等插入語(yǔ)，在考慮用什么關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞時(shí)，可暫時(shí)不看，以免受迷惑。I）區(qū)分定語(yǔ)從句和并列句Ihavetwouncles,bothofwhomareengineers.(非限制性定語(yǔ)從句)Ihavetwouncles,andbothofthemareengines.(并列句)J）區(qū)分定語(yǔ)從句和強(qiáng)調(diào)句ItwasthestreetwhereImetmyteacher.定語(yǔ)從句Itwasinthestreetthat(where錯(cuò))Imetmyteacher.強(qiáng)調(diào)句K）修飾先行詞eachtime,eachday修飾先行詞eachtime,eachday,everytime,everyday,thefirsttime,theminute,themoment,thesecond,theinstant的方法如下：Eachtime(不需關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞)Isawhim,hewashappy.(定語(yǔ)從句/狀語(yǔ)從句)L）whoever,whatever,whichever,whenever,whereverwhoever=anyonewho=nomatterwhowhatever/whichever=anythingthat=nomatterwhat(which)whenever=in/on/atwhatevertimethat=nomatterwhenwhenever=in/at/towhateverplacethat=nomatterwherewhoever,whatever,whichever可引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句或相當(dāng)于定語(yǔ)從句的句子whenever,wherever可引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句或相當(dāng)于定語(yǔ)從句的句子中替代狀語(yǔ)Whoever(nomatterwho)breaksthelaw,hemustbepunished.(狀語(yǔ)從句)Whoever(anyonewho)breaksthelawmustbepunished.(主語(yǔ)從句)相當(dāng)于定語(yǔ)從句Wemustpunishwhoever(anyonewho)breaksthelaw.(賓語(yǔ)從句)相當(dāng)于定語(yǔ)從句Whereveryouwanttogo,youmaygo.(狀語(yǔ)從句)Youmaygowherever(towhateverplacethat)youwanttogo.(狀語(yǔ)從句)相當(dāng)于定語(yǔ)從句練習(xí)題：Isthereabararound_______IcanhavesomethingtoeatA.thatB.whatC.whichD.where2.Thehouse,_________wasdestroyedintheterriblefire,hasbeenrepaired.A.theroofofwhichB.whichroofC.itsroofD.theroof3.Edisonmadealotofinventions,_________ofgreatimportance.A.whichIthinkareB.whichIthinktheyareC.whichIthinktheyD.Ithinkwhichare4.I‘lltalkaboutanewly-openedmarket_______youmaygetall________youneed.A.inwhich,whichB.where,thatC.where,whatD.which,that5.Canyoulendmethenovel________theotherdayA.thatyoutalkedB.youtalkedaboutitC.whichyoutalkedwithD.youtalkedthat6.______ismentionedabove,thenumberofthestudentsinseniorhighschoolisincreasing.A.WhichB.AsC.ThatD.It7.Thefenceinourgarden,________myfatherbuiltmanyyearsago,haslastedforalongtime.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.where8.Whenlostinwork,_________heoftenwas,hewouldforgetallabouteatingandsleeping.A.whatB.soC.justlikeD.as9.Afootballfan(球迷)is________hasastronginterestinfootball.A.athingthatB.somethingthatC.apersonthatD.what10.WetravelledtogetherasfarasChicago,_______wesaidgoodbyetoeachother.A.whichB.whenC.whyD.where11.Thematter______youwerearguingaboutlastnighthasbeensettled.A.thatB.whatC.whyD.where12.Willyoupleaseshowmethewaytotheonlytallbuilding_______standsnearthepostofficeA./B.inwhichC.thatD.where13.Hissisterhadbecomeateacher________waswhathewantedtobe.A.whoB.whatC.thatD.which14.Withthedevelopmentofagriculture,thepeople_________villageItaughtbeforehavelivedahappylife.A.whoB.whoseC.inwhoseD.inwhich15.Ihopeyouwillfindthisvalleyabeautifulplace________youmayspendyourweekend.A.whichB.thatC.whenD.where16.HemustbefromAfrica,_________canbeseenfromhisskin.A.thatB.asC.itD.what17.Boththegirlandherdog________werecrossingthestreetwerehitbyacomingcar.A.whichB.whoC.theyD.that18.I,_______yourfriend,willtrymybesttohelpyouout.A.whichareB.whichisC.whoisD.whoam19.Isthisjustthecity________theforeignguestswishtopayavisit_________.A.which,toB.towhich,/C.that,toD.tothat,/20.It’soneofthemostinterestingstories_______Ihave______read.A.which,neverB.that,everC.that,neverD.which,ever21.OnmywayhomeinthestreetIsawalady______Ithoughtwasyouraunt.A.whoB.whomC.whichD.whose22.Irememberthat________tookpartintheballpartyhadawonderfultime.A.allB.allthatC.allwhichD.allwhat23.Thisisthelargestclockintheworld,_______theminutehandissixmetreslong.A.thatB.ofwhichC.whichD.whose24.Chinaisthebirthplaceofkites,________kiteflyingspreadtoJapan,Korea,ThailandandIndia.A.fromthatB.fromwhereC.fromthereD.fromhere25.______isknowntoeverybody,themoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.A.itB.AsC.ThatD.What26.Who________hascommonsensewilldosuchathingA.whichB.whoC.whomD.that27.Alltheapples________felldownwereeatenbythepigs.A.thatB.thoseC.whichD.where28.Theyaskedhimtotellthemeverything_________hesawatthefront.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.where29.I’lltellyou_________hetoldmelastnight.A.allwhichB.allwhatC.thatallD.all30.Achild________parentsaredeadiscalledanorphan.A.whoB.who’sC.whoseD.which31.Isthismuseum_________youvisitedtheotherdayA.thatB.whereC.inwhichD.theone32.Isthisthemuseum________someGermanfriendsvisitedlastWednesdayA.thatB.whereC.inwhichD.theone33.–Howdoyoulikethebook--It’squitedifferentfrom_________Ireadlastmonth.A.thatB.whichC.theoneD.theonewhat34.WhichsentenceiswrongA.ThefingerIdippedintothecupwasnottheoneIputitintomymouth.B.Doyouknowtheboywhojumpedontotheplatform.C.Scienceandnewtechnologyhavemadeitpossibleforfarmerstoproducemorefoodonthesameamountofland.D.Peopleinancienttimestookitforgrantedthatthesunmovedroundtheearth.35.Thetrain_______shewastravelingwaslate.A.whichB.whereC.onwhichD.inthat36.Hehaslostthekeytothedrawer________thepapersarekept.A.whereB.onwhichC.underwhichD.which37.Antarctic_______weknowverylittleiscoveredwiththickicealltheyeararound.A.whichB.whereC.thatD.aboutwhich38.It’sthethirdtime_______latethismonth.A.thatyouarrivedB.whenyouarrivedC.thatyou’vearrivedD.whenyou’vearrived39.Heoftenhelpsthestudents_______hethinksarenotquickattheirstudies.A.whomB.whoC.whenD.because40.TheSecondWar______millionsofpeoplewerekilledendedin1945.A.whenB.whichC.duringwhichD.onwhich41.Mr.Crossettwillneverforgetthedays_________hespentwithhisvariousstudents.A.whenB.duringthatC.inwhichD.which42.Thisisjusttheplace______Iamgoingtovisittheseyears.A.thatB.whereC.inwhichD.towhere43.WearegoingtospendtheSpringfestivalinGuangzhou,_________livedmygrandparentsandsomerelatives.A.whichB.thatC.whoD.where44.Thehotel________duringourholidaystandsbytheseaside.A.westayedatB.wherewestayedatC.westayedD.inthatwestayed45.Ihaveboughtthesamedress_______sheiswearing.A.asB.thatC.whichD.than46.Heisnot________afool_________.A.such,asheislookedB.such,ashelooksC.as,asheislookedD.so,ashelooks47.Isthatthereason______youareinfavoroftheproposalA.whichB.whatC.whyD.forthat48.Hehastwosons,_______workaschemists.A.twoofwhomB.bothofwhomC.bothofwhichD.allofwhom49.Thebuses,______werealreadyfull,weresurroundedbyanangrycrowd.A.mostofthatB.whichmostC.mostofwhichD.thatmost50.Myglasses,_______Iwaslikeblindman,felltothegroundandbroke.A.whichB.withwhichC.withoutwhichD.that51.________,thecompasswasfirstmadeinChina.A.ItisknowtoallB.ItisknownthatC.WeallknowD.Asisknowntoall52.Heisamanofgrea