TheAttributiveClause定語從句講解TheGreatWallTheGreatWallisoneofthewondersoftheworld.Thereisalwaysasaying,“HewhodoesnotreachTheGreatWall

isnotatrueman.”不到長城非好漢。

1.Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.自助者天助之。2.Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.誰笑到最后，誰笑的最好。3.Nothingintheworldisdifficultforonewhosetshismindtoit.世上無難事，只怕有心人。Enjoysomeproverbs:

HeisanEnglishteacher

wholikessingingsongs.定語從句先行詞ThestructureoftheAttributiveClause:關(guān)系代詞

引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞Relativewords(關(guān)系詞)relativepronouns(關(guān)系代詞)

that,

who,

whom,whose,

which,asrelativeadverbs(關(guān)系副詞)

when,

where,why

被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞關(guān)系詞指代充當成分關(guān)系代詞that人或物主（賓）（表）which物主（賓）who人主（賓）whom人賓whose人或物定語關(guān)系副詞where地點狀when時間why原因【典題自測】1.(2012·安徽高考)Alotoflanguagelearning,_______hasbeendiscovered,ishappeninginthefirstyearoflife,soparentsshouldtalkmuchtotheirchildrenduringthatperiod.A.asB.itC.whichD.this2.（2012·陜西高考）Itisthethirdtimethatshehaswontherace,_______hassurprisedusall.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.what【解析】選C?？疾槎ㄕZ從句中關(guān)系詞的選擇。句意：這是她第三次贏得比賽了,這讓我們大家都很驚訝。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知這是一個非限制性定語從句,排除A項和D項(that不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句；what只能引導(dǎo)名詞性從句)；又因為定語從句中缺主語,所以排除B項；C項which可引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句,代表整個主句的內(nèi)容,翻譯為“這,這一點”。所以C項符合題意。5.(2012·重慶高考)Salesdirectorisaposition_______communicationabilityisjustasimportantassalesskills.A.whichB.thatC.whenD.where【解析】選D。考查定語從句。句意：銷售總監(jiān)是一個交際能力和銷售能力同等重要的職位。被修飾的詞position是先行詞,它是一個抽象的地點狀語,應(yīng)用where引導(dǎo)。which和that在定語從句中作主語或賓語；when在定語從句中作時間狀語。故選D。7.（2012·山東高考）Mariahaswrittentwonovels,bothof_______havebeenmadeintotelevisionseries.A.themB.thatC.whichD.what【解析】選C?？疾榉窍拗菩远ㄕZ從句的引導(dǎo)詞。句意：瑪麗亞已經(jīng)寫了兩部小說,它們都被拍攝成電視連續(xù)劇了。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知novels是定語從句的先行詞,指物時引導(dǎo)詞要用that或which,又因為介詞of后面不能接that來引導(dǎo)定語從句,此處的非限制性定語從句只能用which來引導(dǎo)；them與what都不能作定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞,故排除。根據(jù)以上分析可知選C。9.(2012·天津高考)IwishtothankProfessorSmith,without_______helpIwouldneverhavegotthisfar.A.whoB.whoseC.whomD.which【解析】選B?？疾槎ㄕZ從句。句意：我想感謝史密斯教授,沒有他的幫助,我永遠不會走這么遠。分析題干可知“without______helpIwouldneverhavegotthisfar”為定語從句修飾先行詞ProfessorSmith,并且涉及了“介詞+whose+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu),其相當于“withouthishelp”,故選B。10.（2012·浙江高考）Ellenwasapainterofbirdsandofnature,_______,forsomereason,hadwithdrawnfromallhumansociety.A.whichB.whoC.whereD.whom【解析】選B。考查定語從句。句意：艾倫是一個畫鳥和自然的畫家,由于某種原因,他從社會退隱了?？疾榉窍拗菩远ㄕZ從句,Ellen是先行詞,在從句中作主語。解題時,先把插入語forsomereason去掉。故選B?！究键c歸納】一、關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句1.which與that引導(dǎo)定語從句的區(qū)別。先行詞是物時,關(guān)系代詞which,that充當主語或賓語的異同：在限制性定語從句中充當主語、賓語時,關(guān)系代詞which,that一般可以互換,作賓語時還可以省略。（1）that用于下列情況:①先行詞是all,everything,anything,nothing,little,much等不定代詞；②先行詞被all,any,every,no,little,much,some等詞修飾；③先行詞被序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級修飾或先行詞本身是序數(shù)詞；④先行詞被theonly,thevery(正是,恰是),thelast修飾；⑤先行詞中既有人又有物；⑥在which或who引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句中含有定語從句;⑦先行詞是theway,并在定語從句中充當狀語時,關(guān)系代詞用that或省略或用inwhich;⑧在限制性定語從句中,關(guān)系代詞在從句中作表語時。2.which與as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句的區(qū)別。3.其他關(guān)系代詞的用法。Iwillneverforgetthedaywhen

ShenzhouⅨwassentupintospace.我永遠不會忘記“神舟”九號發(fā)射升空的那一天。Thisisthevillagewhereweworkedtenyearsago.這就是我們十年前工作過的那個村莊。Doyouknowthereasonwhyheisabsent?你知道他缺席的原因嗎？2.“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)介詞選用的三原則。一般來說,確定關(guān)系代詞前的介詞,可以從以下三方面入手：先行詞的意義；從句中的動詞的固定搭配；句子的意思。3.fromwhere為“介詞＋關(guān)系副詞”結(jié)構(gòu),但也可以引導(dǎo)定語從句。Westoodatthetopofthehill,fromwherewecanseethetown.我們站在山頂上,從那兒我們可以看見這個城鎮(zhèn)。(3)so/such...as引導(dǎo)定語從句,as為關(guān)系代詞,在定語從句中作主語、賓語或表語,而so/such...that...引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句,that為連詞,在狀語從句中不作成分。Thestonewassoheavyasnoonecouldmove.（as引導(dǎo)定語從句,as在從句中作move的賓語）Thestonewassoheavythatnoonecouldmoveit.（so...that...引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句,move的賓語是it）四、特殊定語從句Greatchangesaroundustakeplacebeforeoureyeseverydaytowhichwepaylittleattention.（分隔式定語從句,先行詞greatchanges與定語從句towhichwepaylittleattention分隔）Wemustbelieveinourselves,which,inmyopinion,isthemostimportantinourlife.（插入式定語從句,關(guān)系代詞which與從句其他成分之間有插入語inmyopinion）【解析】選D?？疾槎ㄕZ從句。句意：把孩子放在一個能使他們從不同的角度認識自己的環(huán)境中對他們有好處。先行詞是situation,代入定語從句后為：theycanseethemselvesdifferentlyinthesituation。由此可以看出先行詞在定語從句中作地點狀語,故用關(guān)系副詞where。2.(2012·銀川一模)Bobisinahopelesssituation,_______wewillkeepaverycloseeyeon.A.whichB.whereC.thatD.when【易錯分析】本題易誤選B。一看到situation,就受思維定勢的影響誤用where?！窘馕觥窟xA?？疾槎ㄕZ從句。句意：鮑勃陷入了絕望的境地,這一點我們要密切注意。非限制性定語從句中缺少賓語,故用which。where和when均為關(guān)系副詞,在定語從句中分別作地點狀語和時間狀語；that不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。3.(2012·太原模擬)—Icanneverforgettheday_______wespenttogetherinthesummercamp.—Well,especiallytheday_______itsuddenlybegantoraininthemiddleofthenight.A.when;whenB.which;when C.what;thatD.onwhich;when【易錯分析】本題易誤選A或D。以為先行詞是theday,定語從句中就一定使用關(guān)系副詞when或onwhich來引導(dǎo)?！窘馕觥窟xB?？疾槎ㄕZ從句。句意：——我永遠不會忘記我們在夏令營一起度過的日子?！绕涫悄翘煳缫雇蝗幌掠甑臅r候。本題兩空都引導(dǎo)定語從句,第一空在從句中作spend的賓語,用that/which；第二空在從句中作狀語,用when。【思路點撥】(1)解答此類題目的關(guān)鍵是分清定語從句的句子成分,看看定語從句中缺少主語、賓語還是狀語。(2)當先行詞是case,condition,situation,position,point,stage等時,后面的定語從句的使用有兩種情況：①當定語從句中缺少主語或賓語時用which或that引導(dǎo)；②當定語從句不缺少主語或賓語時用where引導(dǎo)。We’llseeacasewherethemusiccouldcurepeople.我們將會看到音樂能治愈疾病的情況。Thecasethat/whichsheexplainedwascommon.她解釋的情況是常見的。(3)表示時間、地點、原因的先行詞作定語從句的主語、賓語或表語時,應(yīng)用that或which,作賓語時which或that可以省略。I’llneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedthearmy.我永遠不會忘記我參軍的那一天。I’llneverforgetthedays(that/which)Ispentwithmyteacher.我永遠不會忘記和老師在一起度過的那些日子。5._______isreportedinthenewspapers,talksbetweenthetwocountriesaremakingprogress.A.ItB.AsC.ThatD.What【易錯分析】本題易誤選A或D。以為it為形式主語,而誤選A。實際上,如果選A,題干需改為：_______isreportedinthenewspapersthattalksbetweenthetwocountriesaremakingprogress.;如果選D項,那么題干又該改為_______isreportedinthenewspapersisthattalksbetweenthetwocountriesaremakingprogress.。【解析】選B。句意：正如報紙上報道的那樣,兩國間的會談?wù)谌〉眠M展。as引導(dǎo)位于句首的非限制性定語從句,指代主句talksbetweenthetwocountriesaremakingprogress的內(nèi)容。6.—WheredidyouwatchthenationalflagbeingraisedlastMondaymorning?—Itwasonthesquare_______weflewkitessometimes.A.whichB.thatC.towhichD.where【易錯分析】本題易誤選B。以為是強調(diào)句型,但實際上答語是省略句,省略了強調(diào)句的that部分,完整的句