Usage

of

WordsNoun-Names

and

TitlesUnit

1NounThere

are

many

kinds

of

things

in

the

world,knowing

their

titles

or

names

is

veryimportant.In

aviation

industry,

to

illustrate

a

circs,

amaintenance

method,

there

is

also

the

needto

know

the

title.NounThe

following

are

someparts

onaircraft.Foil

薄片Sheet

片Plate

板Extrusion

擠壓件Forging

鍛件Casting

鑄件Alloy

合金The

following

are

someparts

onaircraft.BarRodWireTubeWasherBushing桿圓棒金屬絲管墊圈襯套形容詞作定語(yǔ)的名詞詞組形容詞+名詞=復(fù)合詞/短語(yǔ)名詞短語(yǔ)Many

dollars

很多的錢(qián)Big

number

大數(shù)目復(fù)合詞Light

metal

輕金屬Low

density

低密度Heattreating

熱處理Cold

working

冷加工名詞作定語(yǔ)的名詞詞組名詞+名詞=名詞組（noun

cluster),名詞直接用作定語(yǔ)修飾另一個(gè)名詞.Impulse

buying,沖動(dòng)購(gòu)物Instrument

flying,儀表飛行A

memberstate,

成員國(guó)Marker

buoy,標(biāo)識(shí)浮標(biāo)the r

country,供應(yīng)國(guó)名詞作定語(yǔ)的名詞詞組In

Political

Area:hotlineriot防暴In

Military

Area:depth

charge深水cruise

missile巡航laser

bomb激光In

Economical

Area:economy

measure節(jié)約措施In

Scientific

Area:strobe

light頻閃燈/閃光燈In

Social

Life:hat性信件identity

crisis個(gè)性名詞作定語(yǔ)的名詞詞組在航空英語(yǔ)中,名詞作定語(yǔ)用得很普遍，可表示某物件的原料、用途、所屬、動(dòng)作對(duì)象和其他各種關(guān)系。Copper

wire銅線Engine

cylinder發(fā) 汽缸Automobile

engine汽車(chē)發(fā)Gas

mask放毒面罩power

plant蒸汽動(dòng)力裝置Oil

filter濾油器名詞作定語(yǔ)的名詞詞組Hand

pump手搖泵A

star

wheel星形輪Heatflow

control

devices熱流控制裝置Aircraft

gas

turbine飛機(jī)燃?xì)廨啓C(jī)Air

traffic

controller機(jī)場(chǎng)導(dǎo)航員，空 通管控員Fluid

power

drive

components驅(qū)動(dòng)元件Two-wayvalve雙通閥名詞作定語(yǔ)的名詞詞組Cargo

door

light貨艙門(mén)燈；Body

gear

door機(jī)體起落架門(mén)；Aircraft

landing

distance航機(jī)降落距離；Drawing

revision

system圖紙修訂系統(tǒng)；Landing-gear

door

light起落架門(mén)燈Flight

Control

Panel飛行控制面板Ground

Proximity

Warning

System近地警告系統(tǒng)Static

Airspeed

Indicator靜壓空速表名詞詞組-

和修飾詞The

basic

principle

in

a

noun

cluster

is

that

oneword

is

the

keyword

and

the

rest

are

qualifiers.Cargo

door，貨艙門(mén)FWD

entry

door，前登機(jī)門(mén)AFT

galley

service

door，后廚房服務(wù)門(mén)Air

stairs

door，登梯門(mén)Service

door，服務(wù)門(mén)Landing-gear

door，起落架門(mén)Left

No.3

door，左第三個(gè)門(mén)What

is

the

key

word

of

the

above

phrases

?名詞詞組-和修飾詞Test

light，測(cè)試燈Standby

instrument

light,備用儀表燈Master

caution

light,主警告燈Emergency

exit

light,緊急出口燈Entry

light,

燈Anti

collision

light,防撞燈Tail

light,

尾燈Floor

proximity

light,地板進(jìn)近燈Over

wing

and

escape

slide

light,翼上和逃離滑梯燈What

is

the

key

word

of

the

above

noun

phrase

?名詞詞組-修飾詞和When

a

noun

cluster

is

ina

text(for

examplemaintenance

manual

),

the

keyword

is

usually

thelast

word

in

the

chain，and

the

words

beforequalify

the

keyword

with

more

and

more

specificinformation.Location-left

engineFunction-mount

standAssembly-boltComponent-washerOrder

of

WordsThe

order

of

words

is

important,

look

at

the

followingexamples:Test

light; (keyword

)測(cè)試燈（關(guān)鍵字-燈）Light

test; (keyword

)燈測(cè)試（關(guān)鍵字-測(cè)試）Seat

back; (keyword

)椅背（關(guān)鍵字-背部）Back

seat;

(keyword

)后座椅（關(guān)鍵字-座椅）Brake

disc; (keyword

)制動(dòng)盤(pán)（關(guān)鍵字-盤(pán)）Disc

brake; (keyword

)盤(pán)式制動(dòng)（關(guān)鍵字-制動(dòng)）Names

of

Placesand

LocationUnit

2Names

of

PlacesUsually

in

aviation

field,

the

places

on aircraft

isalso

meaning

the

location

of

the

components

,parts

or

units.Look

at

the

following

words:FuselageWingEngineLanding

gear這幾個(gè)字既指航機(jī)一個(gè)組成部分，也可以表達(dá)一個(gè)區(qū)域范圍。Names

of

PlacesLook

at

the

following

words:Flight

deckFlight

stationFlight

compartmentCockpit以上四個(gè)詞組都是駕駛艙的意思。Another

Examples:

(Translate)The

test

light

in

the

flight

deck.Names

of

PlacesLook

at

the

following

words

and

sentences:(Translate)RacksElectronic

racksThe

electronic

racks

in

the

avionics

baySeat

units

inthe

cabinWall

panels

in

the

cargo

hold

(cargo

compartment)Names

of

PlacesTranslate

the

following

phrases

:Main

gear

strut

wellDoors

for

the

main

gear

strut

wellMain

gear

doorLocation

wordsLocation

words-介詞Inboard,內(nèi)舷Outboard,外舷Left,左方Right,右方Translate

the

following

sentences:The

No.3

engine

is

aright

engine.The

outboard

engines

are

No.1

and

No.4.Location

wordsLocation

words-介詞In,out;

內(nèi)，外Inner,outer;

較內(nèi)，較外Up,down;

上，下High,low;

高，低Upper,lower;

較上，較下Translate

the

following

sentences:The

inner

engines

are

No.2

and

No.3.Uplock

and

down

lockUpper

rudder

and

lowerrudderLocation

wordsLocation

words-介詞Center,

corner;Along，around;Within,

outside;Into,

out

of;Top,

bottom

;中心，角落沿，環(huán)繞在...之內(nèi),在...外到...里，到...外在...頂部，在...底部Translate

the

following

sentences:The

cabin

lights

run

along

the

ceiling.The

insulator

is

around

the

wire.Location

wordsLocation

words-介詞Through,

between;In

front

of,

behind;Forward,

after;通過(guò)，居中之前，之后前面，后面Translate

the

following

sentences:The

cable

passes

through

the

cutout.Verbs-Open

vs

CloseUnit

3Verbs-

Open

vs

CloseOpen

(uncover)

VS Close

(shut

)在維修手冊(cè)中，通常以命令形式表示；Open

the

main

left

exit

door.Close

allaccess

panels.Verbs-Open

vs

Close在飛機(jī)的航電領(lǐng)域,open

指斷開(kāi)，而close指接通。Examples:Open

and

tagrelevant

circuit

breakers.對(duì)相關(guān)的斷路器，斷開(kāi)并加標(biāo)牌。Close

allcircuit

breakers

.接通所有的斷路器。The

switch

is

open

when

receiving

the

signal.當(dāng)接受信號(hào)時(shí)，電門(mén)斷開(kāi).Verbs-Open

vs

CloseThe

word

open

is

also

used

(as

an

adjective)

todescribe

a

state.Examples:The

valve

cracks

open

at

250

degree

centigrade

andisfully

open at

400

degree

centigrade.閥門(mén)在250攝氏度時(shí)打通，至400攝氏度時(shí)完全開(kāi)啟。Verbs-Open

vs

Close動(dòng)詞open

的動(dòng)名詞用法：During

door

opening,

stand

clear

of

the

door

travelarea.當(dāng)門(mén)正在打開(kāi)，離開(kāi)它的行程范圍站立。There

are

several

openings

on

the

fuselage

skin.在機(jī)身蒙皮上有幾個(gè)開(kāi)（缺）口。Verbs-Open

vs

Close如果動(dòng)作的焦點(diǎn)在成因，可以采用下列表達(dá)形式Overheating

opens

the

switch.過(guò)熱關(guān)系斷開(kāi)了電門(mén)。Excessive

flow

closes

thevalve.過(guò)大的流量把閥門(mén)關(guān)閉。如果動(dòng)作的焦點(diǎn)在部件，表達(dá)形式就轉(zhuǎn)成

。The

valve

is

closed

under

excessive

flow.在流量過(guò)大的作用下，閥門(mén)被關(guān)閉。Verbs-Open

vs

Close對(duì)電器，電源，

等的操控，英語(yǔ)中不使用open,

正確的表達(dá)方式是：Provide

electrical

power.提供電力Apply

hydraulic

pressure.外施Verbs-Open

vs

Close對(duì)航機(jī)的系統(tǒng)，它們的啟動(dòng)，關(guān)閉是這樣表述的：Activate

hydraulic

No.1

system.驅(qū)動(dòng)一號(hào) 系統(tǒng)Shutdown

all

engines.將所有發(fā)動(dòng)

停車(chē)Deactivate

thrust

reverser

system.反推系統(tǒng)Verbs-Connect

vs

DisconnectUnit

4Verbs-Connect

vs

Disconnect飛機(jī)上的系統(tǒng)，總是將每個(gè)部分，或以機(jī)械，或以電線，或用管道，貫連起來(lái)，互相

作用，所以連接和斷開(kāi)這兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞不可少。ConnectConnect

.V.（1）連接，聯(lián)接，結(jié)合Connect

sth

(up)

to

/withsthThe

wires

connect

(up)

underthe

floor電線是在地板下接通。Connect

the

fridge

(up)

to

theelectricity

supply.接通冰箱的電源Disconnect,斷開(kāi)Re-connect,重接N.

Connection（1）連接（2）連接點(diǎn),連接物Connection

between

sthand

sth;Connect

with

/

to

sth;Is

there

a

connection

betweensmoking

and

cancer?吸煙跟肺癌是否有關(guān)？His

dismissals

has

noconnection

with

the

qualify

ofhis

work.他被解雇一事與他的工作好壞無(wú)關(guān)ConnectConnectSynonym:

join，

attach，

link，

fastenAntonym

:

disconnectConnect

pull-push

rod

to

bell

crank.連接推拉桿至雙臂曲柄Disconnect

pull-push

rod

from

bell

crank.從雙臂曲柄處，斷開(kāi)推拉桿Connect在航電領(lǐng)域，Connect

的應(yīng)用：Connec ectrical

plug

to

the

socket.連接電插頭到插座Disconnect

leads

to

the

igniter

box.斷開(kāi)至點(diǎn)火器的引線Pressing

a

switch

connects

the

twocircuitsinparallel.按下電門(mén)可將線路并聯(lián)Connect

飛機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)組件，通常比較多用attach

這個(gè)動(dòng)詞，與connect

同義。The

lading

gear

trunnion

is

connected

/attachedto

the

wingrear

sparstructure.起落架耳軸裝置

后梁上。ExercisesTranslate

the

following

sentences:Disconnect

the

battery

connector脫開(kāi)電瓶接頭Connect

the

electrical

power

to

the

aircraft給飛機(jī)供電Disconnect

the

bonding

strap斷開(kāi)搭地線Verbs-SetUnit

5Verb-SetSet.V.(1)放置，擺放Set

flag

post

in

the

ground在地上豎起旗桿。（2）設(shè)置背景The

novelis

setin

pre-warLondon這部小說(shuō)以站前的倫敦為背景。（3）調(diào)整（狀態(tài)）Set

the

camera

onautomatic把相機(jī)調(diào)整到自動(dòng)位置（4）建立，樹(shù)立Set

a

precedent開(kāi)了先例Set

a

new

worldrecordfor…..創(chuàng)下…的世界記錄（5）安排，確定Set

a

date

for

wedding定下婚期Verb-SetSetSynonym:

position,

select,

placeSet

the

rotary

selector

at

NORM.將旋鈕調(diào)定至NORM(常態(tài)，常位）Pressure

setting壓力定位Valve

setting閥門(mén)定位Re-英文Re-的前綴表示重復(fù)，Resetis

to

reposition,to

return

toinitial

positionorposition

to

zero.

重新設(shè)置，定位，復(fù)位Reassemble,

重新組裝Rework,再加工Retighten,再收緊Re-Translate

the

following

sentences:Resetthe

rudder

trim

to

zero.將方向舵配平復(fù)位于零The

relief

valve

opens

at

120

psi

and

resets

at

95

psi.釋壓閥于120

psi

打開(kāi)，又于95

psi

時(shí)復(fù)位Rework

skin

until

the

damagearea

is

within

limits.對(duì)蒙皮加工直至損壞面積小于規(guī)限Loosen

axle

nut

then

retightenit

to

the

specifiedtorque.松開(kāi)螺母，然后再收緊直到指定扭力。Loosen

axle

nut

then,

again

rotating

the

wheel,

retighten

it

tothe

specified

torque.松開(kāi)螺母，然后，在仍然轉(zhuǎn)

輪情況下，再收緊直到指定扭力。ExercisesTranslate

the

followingsentences:In

the

flight

compartment

,set

the

flap/slat

lever

to

the

45-degreeposition.Make

sure

the

flaps

and

slats

fullyextend.桿板到45度位置。確保襟翼將駕駛艙內(nèi)的襟翼/縫翼和縫翼完全伸出。Set

the

parking

brake設(shè)置停留剎車(chē)Set

window

heat

switches

to

on

for

five

minutes.

Make

sureoverheatlights

extinguished

and

on

lights

illuminated.

Then

backto

off

position設(shè)置window

heat

電門(mén)到on位 ，確保overheat

燈不亮，on

燈亮，然后返回到off

位。Set

parking

brake.

check

and

ensure

the

brake-wear

indicators

pinlength

are

more

than

0

mm.剎住停留剎車(chē)。檢查剎車(chē)磨損指示銷(xiāo)大于0毫米Verbs-Assemble/Install

vs

RemoveUnit

6Verb-AssembleAssemble

.

V(1).集合，收集The

whole

school

assembledin

the

meeting-room.全校師生在會(huì)議室集合。(2)裝配,安裝Fit

the

parts

of

a

watch裝配表的零件Disassemble,.V.分解，分散Assembly.

N（1）集合，

(U)（2）裝配組件(C)the

tail

assembly

of

an

aircraft飛機(jī)的機(jī)尾(組件)（3）裝配，安裝(U)The

assembly

of

cars

is

oftendone

by

machines.汽車(chē)常由機(jī)器裝配。Each

component

is

carefullychecked

before

assembly每個(gè)部件在裝配前都經(jīng)過(guò)仔細(xì)檢查。An

assembly

plant裝配車(chē)間Verb-AssemblegearlandingAssemble

all

parts.將各部分組裝起來(lái)Main

landingassembly主起落架組，（強(qiáng)調(diào)了多個(gè)部分所組成的架體。）Disassemble

thegear將起落架分解Higher

assembly較高的組件，Lower

assembly較低的組件，Nexthigher

assembly相對(duì)一

而言的較高組件。Verb-InstallInstall

.

V.(1).安裝，設(shè)置（設(shè)備，家具)install

a

heating

or

lightingsystem

in

a

house安裝暖氣或照明設(shè)備Installation

.N.(1)安裝（工程）；設(shè)置carry

out

several

installations實(shí)施幾項(xiàng)安裝工程。（2）裝置，設(shè)備（C）a

heating

installation

取暖裝置Verb-Install

vs

RemoveInstall,安裝將個(gè)別的組件或部件，即航機(jī)的系統(tǒng)，固定

在應(yīng)有的位置上的程

序。Remove,拆除從航機(jī)上取下某個(gè)部件或組件的程序。但在實(shí)際工作中，除非維修手冊(cè)明文規(guī)定，否則拆除時(shí)還要根據(jù)拆除程序，不能用安裝程序倒看。Verb-Install

vs

RemoveInstallSynonym:

mount,

fit,Antonym:

removeInstall

caps

on

coupling.于連接管上安裝蓋子Install

groundsafety

pins.安裝地面安全銷(xiāo)RemoveRemove

external

powerfrom

airplane.從飛機(jī)上拆除外界電源。Remove

ground

safetypins

beforeflight.起飛前，拆除地面安全銷(xiāo)。Verb-Install

Action

words

are

often

used

to

suggest

wherean

installation

is.有時(shí)候會(huì)把mount;install這類(lèi)動(dòng)詞換成形容用，表達(dá)所配置的位置。Examples:Wing-mounted

engine裝機(jī)翼上的發(fā)Rear-installed

engine裝后體的發(fā)Verbs-

RemoveRemove的動(dòng)名詞用法，強(qiáng)調(diào)所安裝或拆除的工作。Examples:Removing

an

engine

from

an

airplane

takes

three

hours.從飛機(jī)上拆下一臺(tái)發(fā) 需三小時(shí)。Many

jobs

in

the

hangar

begin

with

removingpanels.機(jī)庫(kù)里很多工作都從拆卸面板開(kāi)始。Verb-

Change更換（change)

一詞，表示兩個(gè)程序：把壞部件的拆除，安裝好的部件R&I=

Removal

and

InstallationExamples:The

cards

is

faulty.

Change

/

Replace

it.線路卡有毛病，把它更換Change

filter

element.更換濾芯Verb-

ChangeEngine

Change更換發(fā)QEC--

Quick

Engine

change快速發(fā) 更換指作好裝機(jī)前準(zhǔn)備的發(fā) 配套，能快速換上航機(jī)LRU

--Line

Replaceable

Unit航線可更換件指在航線上爭(zhēng)取最短時(shí)間的排除故障。ExercisesTranslate

the

followingsentences:Remove

engine

cover

or

plugs取下發(fā)After罩布或堵蓋plishing

transmit

work,remove

the

landing

gearlock

pins,sign

and

dispatch.完成短停工作，取掉起落架安全銷(xiāo)交給機(jī)組，在記錄本上簽字放行。Replace

the

pitot-static,if

the

inspection

shows

an

out

oftolerance

condition.如果檢查結(jié)果超出容限范圍，則更換全靜壓管。Remove

the

witness

wire

from

the

main

battery

connector從主電瓶接頭上拆下保險(xiǎn)絲Install

caps

on

the

electrical

connector在電接頭上安裝罩蓋Verbs-CheckUnit

7Verb-CheckCheck

V.(1)

檢查check

theoil

,

（

i.e.

makesure

there

is

enough

oil

in

a

carengine）檢查機(jī)油(2)核對(duì)，核實(shí)check

the

items

against

the查點(diǎn)各項(xiàng)list,照Synonym:InspectCheckTestCheck

N.(1)檢查，檢驗(yàn)conduct

regular

checks

on

thequality

of

products.對(duì)產(chǎn)品做例行質(zhì)量檢查(2)

Check

in

.v.辦理登記手續(xù)(3)

Check-up .n.

全面檢查（.esp.）體檢go

gor/

haveacheck-up作體檢Verb-CheckCheckSynonym:

make

sure;

verify;

testCheck

that

exits

are

clear.查證出路無(wú)礙Check

the

skin

for

corrosion.檢查蒙皮的腐蝕情況Check

the

system

for

smooth

operation.試驗(yàn)系統(tǒng)能否順利Verb-Check

通常必須指明待查證的對(duì)象，這樣的檢查才能作到有的放矢。Check

the

nuts

for

security.檢查螺母是否固定良好Check

that

the

place

isclean.查證地方整潔Check

the

light

is

off.查證指示等已滅Noun-check作為名詞,check常用于下列常見(jiàn)詞組:Operational

check,

檢查Function

check,功能檢查Carry

out

operation

check

on

the

flap

system.對(duì)襟翼系統(tǒng)，進(jìn)行

檢查。Carry

out

flap

load

relief

function

check.進(jìn)行襟翼卸載功能檢查。作為名詞,

check

還可指對(duì)航機(jī)的總體檢查。Carry

out

an

A-check

every

15

hours.每十五個(gè)小時(shí)進(jìn)行一次A級(jí)檢查。Noun-CheckChecklist

.N.（list

of

items

to

be

marked

as

present

orhavingbeendealtwith）;(對(duì)現(xiàn)有的或已處理的項(xiàng)目進(jìn)行清點(diǎn)的)Complete

the

departure

checklist.按放行檢查單完成放行準(zhǔn)備Keep

a

checklist

of

tools.保存一份工具核對(duì)單ExercisesEnjoy

the

following

sentences:Visually

check

all

systems

installations

andstructure

of

the

lower

fuselage

area

For

defects/damage,cleanliness,loose

and

missing

fasteners,cracks,

corrosion,

degradation

of

markings,

sealdeterioration,

condition

and

security.目視檢查機(jī)身下部區(qū)域所有系統(tǒng)的安裝及結(jié)構(gòu)是否有缺陷/損傷、清潔度、松動(dòng)和丟失的緊固螺絲、裂紋、腐蝕、標(biāo)志是否磨損，封嚴(yán)條是否老化，確保狀態(tài)良好，安裝牢固。ExercisesTranslate

the

following

sentences:Check

reverser

for

condition

and

stowed

position.檢查反推無(wú)滲漏，且在回收位。Check

assess

panel

and

blowout

panels

for

conditionand

security.檢查檢修蓋板和釋壓門(mén)牢固性。Check

brake

for

condition,replace

it

as

necessary.檢查剎車(chē)的狀況，必要時(shí)進(jìn)行更換。Check

pitot

heat

switch

for

turn-off.檢查空速管加溫電門(mén)應(yīng)在關(guān)斷位。ExercisesTranslate

the

followingsentences:Visually

check

that

the

reverser

light