書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-上海濟光職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

Sheadmiredthedirectortosuchanextentthatshetookhiswords______asoracles.

問題1選項

A.divine

B.rebellious

C.faithful

D.unbearable

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項divine“神圣的；極好的”；B選項rebellious“叛逆的”；C選項faithful“忠實的”；D選項unbearable“無法忍受的”。句意：她非常崇拜她的主管，到了把他的話當(dāng)作神諭一樣______。根據(jù)語境，這里指把主管的話看得像神諭一樣神圣，A選項divine“神圣的”符合題意。因此A選項正確。

2.單選題

Whatthingsinlifeareyoumostdesirous（

）attaining?

問題1選項

A.to

B.for

C.with

D.of

【答案】D

【解析】desirousof為固定搭配，意為“想要...渴望...”。選項D符合句意。

3.單選題

Theconceptofthepatient[A]asfirstandforemostanindividualwillbereplacedbyageneric“patient”[B]whoevenmoregeneric“qualityoflife”isdeterminednotbyindividualqualitiesandrelationships[C]butbyaflowchart.Insteadofdying[D]surroundedbyfriendsandfamily,wewillbesurroundedbypaper—andlawyers.

問題1選項

A.asfirstandforemost

B.who

C.butby

D.surrounded

【答案】B

【解析】考查關(guān)系詞用法。B選項處who引導(dǎo)定語從句修飾先行詞patient，但關(guān)系詞后又有名詞“qualityoflife”，因此關(guān)系詞應(yīng)該在從句中充當(dāng)定語的成分，應(yīng)把who改為whose。

4.單選題

WesternNebraskagenerallyreceiveslesssnowthan___EasternNebraska.

問題1選項

A.in

B.does

C.itreceivesin

D.itdoesin

【答案】B

【解析】考查習(xí)慣表達?？崭裉幦笔У膬?nèi)容實際上指receiveslesssnow這件事，在英語中為了避免重復(fù)表達，會用助動詞do/does/did表示前后一樣的動作，根據(jù)主干謂語receives為第三人稱單數(shù)可知應(yīng)該使用does。因此B選項正確。

5.單選題

Howmanyreallysufferasaresultoflabormarketproblems?Thisisoneofthemostcriticalyetcontentioussocialpolicyquestions.Inmanyways,oursocialstatisticsexaggeratethedegreeofhardship.Unemploymentdoesnothavethesameconsequencestodayasitdidinthe1930’swhenmostoftheunemployedwereprimarybreadwinners,whenincomeandearningswereusuallymuchclosertothemarginofsubstance,andwhentherewerenocountervailingsocialprogramsforthosefailinginthelabormarket.Increasingaffluence,theriseoffamilieswithmorethanonewageearner,thegrowingpredominanceofsecondaryearnersamongtheunemployed,andimprovedsocialwelfareprotectionhaveunquestionablymitigatedtheconsequencesofjoblessness.Earningsandincomedataalsooverstatethedimensionsofhardship.Amongthemillionswithhourlyearningsatorbelowtheminimumwagelevel,theoverwhelmingmajorityarefrommultipleearners,relativelyaffluentfamilies.Mostofthosecountedbythepovertystatisticsaretheelderlyorhandicappedorhavefamilyresponsibilitieswhichkeepthemoutofthelaborforce,sothepovertystatisticsarebynomeansanaccurateindicatoroflabormarketpathologies.

Yettherearealsomanywaysoursocialstatisticsunderestimatethedegreeoflabor-market-relatedhardship.Theunemploymentcountsexcludethemillionsoffullyemployedworkerswhosewagesaresolowthattheirfamiliesremaininpoverty.Lowwagesandrepeatedorprolongedunemploymentfrequentlyinteracttounderminethecapacityforself-support.Sincethenumberexperiencingjoblessnessatsometimeduringtheyearisseveraltimesthenumberunemployedinanymonth,thosewhosufferasaresultofforcedidlenesscanequalorexceedaverageannualunemployment,eventhoughonlyaminorityofthejoblessinanymonthreallysuffers.Foreverypersoncountedinthemonthlyunemploymenttallies,thereisanotherworkingpart-timebecauseoftheinabilitytofindfull-timework,orelseoutsidethelaborforcebutwantingajob.Finally,incometransfersinourcountryhavealwaysfocusedontheelderly,disabled,anddependent,neglectingtheneedsoftheworkingpoor,sothatthedramaticexpansionofcashandinkindtransfersdoesnotnecessarilymeanthatthosefailinginthelabormarketareadequatelyprotected.

Asaresultofsuchcontradictoryevidence,itisuncertainwhetherhighlevelsofjoblessnesscanbetoleratedormustbecounteredbyjobcreationandeconomicstimulus.Thereisonlyoneareaofagreementinthisdebate—thattheexistingpoverty,employment,andearningsstatisticsareinadequateforoneoftheirprimaryapplications,measuringtheconsequencesoflabormarketproblems.

1.Whatdoesthe“l(fā)abormarketproblems”referto?

2.Theauthorcontraststhe1930'swiththepresentinordertoshowthat（

）.

3.Theauthor'spurposeincitingthosewhoarerepeatedlyunemployedduringayearismostprobablytoshowthat（

）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,onefactorthatcausesoursocietytooverestimatethedegreeofeconomichardshipisthe（

）.

問題1選項

A.ATheoverallcausesofpoverty

B.Deficienciesinthetrainingoftheworkforce

C.Traderelationshipsamongproducersofgoods

D.Shortageofjobsprovidingadequateincome

問題2選項

A.morepeoplewereemployedinthe1930's

B.socialprogramsaremoreneedednow.

C.unemploymentnowhaslesssevereeffects

D.nowthereisagreaterproportion

問題3選項

A.thereareseveralfactorsthatcausethepaymentoflowwagestosomemembersofthelaborforce

B.unemploymentstatisticscanunderestimatethehardshipthepoorworkerssuffer

C.recurrentunemploymentinthelabormarketcancausehardshipsforindividualworkers

D.amajorityofthosewhoarejoblessatanytimedoesnotsufferseverehardship

問題4選項

A.recurrenceofperiodsofunemploymentforagroupoflow-wageworkers.

B.factthatunemploymentcountsdonotincludethosewhoworkforlowwages

C.establishmentofasystemofrecordkeepingthatmakesitpossibletocompilepovertystatistics

D.prevalenceofsecondaryearnersamonglow-wageworkersandtheunemployed

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:C

【解析】1.語義題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“l(fā)abormarketproblems”定位到第一段第一句“有多少人因為勞動力市場問題而遭受不幸呢?”下文隨即指出“Unemploymentdoesnothavethesameconsequencestoday.如今失業(yè)不會帶來同樣的后果?！庇纱丝芍?，這里的勞動市場問題指的是失業(yè)，選項D符合原文。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)下文“不斷增加的財富、不止一個收入者的家庭增多、失業(yè)人群中中等收入者的優(yōu)勢日益顯現(xiàn)，以及社會福利保障的改善，這些都毫無疑問地減輕了失業(yè)的后果?！庇纱丝赏茢?，作者是想表達現(xiàn)在的失業(yè)問題所帶來的影響沒有那么嚴重。選項C正確。

3.作者意圖題。根據(jù)題干可以定位到第二段的內(nèi)容，本段的中心句為段落首句“Yettherearealsomanywaysoursocialstatisticsunderestimatethedegreeoflabor-market-relatedhardship.然而，我們的社會統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)在許多方面低估了與勞動力市場相關(guān)的困難程度?！苯酉聛磉M行舉例說明。由此可知，作者提到那些一年內(nèi)多次失業(yè)的人，是為了表明統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)低估了貧困工人所遭受的苦難，所以選項B正確。

4.判斷推理題。原文第一段指出社會統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)在許多方面夸大了困難的程度，然后在第一段最后一句指出，計算在貧困統(tǒng)計之內(nèi)的人大部分是年老者、殘疾人或者由于家庭負擔(dān)不能進入勞務(wù)市場者，因此這些貧困統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)根本就不能精確地反映出勞動力市場所存在的問題。由此可推斷，之所以會高估經(jīng)濟困難的程度，是因為建立了記錄系統(tǒng)，使得編撰貧窮統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)成為可能，這些數(shù)據(jù)不一定是真實情況的反映，所以選項C正確。

6.單選題

Thearchitectmustrespondtotheculturalconcernsofsociety______andpayattentiontothefunctionalandaestheticaspectofthebuildings.

問題1選項

A.atlarge

B.atheart

C.atmost

D.atbest

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A項atlarge“詳盡的，未被捕的，整體的，普遍的”，B項atheart“本質(zhì)上，內(nèi)心里”，C項atmost“至多”，D項atbest“最多”。根據(jù)Thearchitectmustrespondtotheculturalconcernsofsociety______“建筑師必須回應(yīng)社會……關(guān)注的文化問題”可知，“普遍的”符合語境。句意：建筑師必須回應(yīng)社會普遍關(guān)注的文化問題，并關(guān)注建筑的功能和美學(xué)方面。因此，該題選擇A項正確。

7.單選題

Manyofhisargumentshavenopertinencetothesubjectunderdiscussion.

問題1選項

A.significance

B.value

C.relevance

D.enlightenment

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項significancen.重要性，意義；B選項valuen.價值，重要性；C選項relevancen.關(guān)聯(lián)，適當(dāng)，中肯；D選項enlightenmentn.啟迪，啟蒙運動。句意表明：他的很多觀點都與正在討論的議題無關(guān)。因此本題選擇C項。

8.單選題

Therehasbeenacollision（）anumberofcarsonthemainroadtotown.

問題1選項

A.composing

B.consisting

C.involving

D.engaging

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。compose“組成，構(gòu)成”；consist“由…組成”；involve“包含，涉及”；engage“雇傭，參加”。句意：在通往小鎮(zhèn)的主路上發(fā)生了一起碰撞，涉及到許多小轎車。C項符合題意。

9.單選題

Mydaughterhaswalkedeightmilestoday.Weneverguessedthatshecouldwalk（）far.

問題1選項

A./

B.such

C.that

D.as

【答案】C

【解析】考查副詞辨析。本句中的that就相當(dāng)于so,意為“如此”,修飾副詞far。選項C符合題意。such后面要接名詞或者名詞短語。as的語義不符。

10.單選題

Hisexpenditureonholidaysandluxuriesisratherhighin___tohisincome.

問題1選項

A.comparison

B.proportion

C.association

D.calculation

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項comparison“比較；對照；比喻；比較關(guān)系”；B選項proportion“比例，占比；部分；面積；均衡”；C選項association“協(xié)會，聯(lián)盟，社團；聯(lián)合；聯(lián)想”；D選項calculation“計算；估計；計算的結(jié)果；深思熟慮”。句意：他在假日和奢侈品上的支出與他的收入___相當(dāng)高。本句表達“在奢侈品上的支出和收入的比例”，因此B選項正確。

11.單選題

Theterm"folkcustom"isverybroad,butithasbeenusedbyfolkloriststorefertothosesharedpatternsofbehaviorsinaparticularfolkgroup.Thosepatternsofbehaviorsareregardedasthetraditionalandestablishedwaysofmembersoftheparticularfolkgroup.FolkcustomistransmittedbyWordofmouth,demonstrationorimitation.ThefolkloreandfolkcustomsofEnglandarerichandvaried.Manycustomsareancient,andpasseddowngenerationaftergenerationfromourGermanicandCelticancestors.Othersaremoremodemcreations.

Oneofthegreatestproblemsinassessingmostaccountsoffolkcustomsisthattheytendtogiveonlytheantiquary'spointofview.Afterall,tomostobservers,thepeopletheywerelookingatweresimpleandilliterate,unmindfulofthetruesignificanceofthecustomstheyhadpreserved.Whyquestionthematlengthiftheydidn'tunderstandtheessentialnatureofwhattheyweredoing?Soafolkloristislikelytoemphasizeaspectsofatraditionwhichreflecthisorherowninterestsorwhichfitinwithpreconceivedideas,whilepossiblyignoringorgivingonlypassingmentiontoaspectswhichmay,infact,beofequalimportance.

Oneaspectwhichgenerallygetsleftoutofaccountsistheviewpointoftheparticipantsthemselves:forinstance,whytheyindulgeinaparticularactivityataparticulartimeofyearoroftheirlivesandwhatfeelingstheyexperiencewhiledoingso.Andnow,ideasderivingfromfolklorestudiesateso-widespreadthattheymayeasilyhavebecomeanintegralpartoftheattitudeoftheparticipantsinacustom.Sothefolkloristisratherlikeamanstaringatasceneinamirrorwhomustbeaware,tofullyunderstandthatscene,thathisownreflectionisamajorpartofwhatheislookingat.

Itis,however,alsotruetosaythatmanycontemporarystudentsoffolklorearcfullyawareoftheproblemswhichbesettheirenquiries.Liketruescientiststheydrawtheirconclusionsbylookingatavailableevidence,rather-thanselectingevidencewhichfitsinwithexistingtheories.Somehavealsolookedawayfromthe"obviously"ancientandturnedtheirattentiontofolklorewhereitthrives,inthesociallifeofmoderncities,inindustryandsport,etc.Theymay,forexample,enduplookingattheloreofthemotorcar,orofpopularmusic,andatcustomswhich,thoughtheyhavenohintsofpaganism,neverthelesshavemuchincommonwiththeolderactivitieswhichdo.

Manyfolkloristshavegraduallycometotheconclusionthatfolkloreisnotnecessarilyathingofthepast,arelicofancientandoutmodedwaysofthinking,butthemeansbywhichpeopletrytomakesenseoftheworld(ortoconfrontitslackofsense)andtrytoalleviateboredomandsuffering.

1.Thebesttitleforthepassageisprobably（）.

2.Theearlyaccountsoffolkcustomsareunreliablebecause（）.

3.Thereasonwhystudyingfolkloreisdifficulttodayisthat（）.

4.Whatisnewaboutfolkloriststoday?

5.Whatdoesparticipationinfolkcustomsmeantopeople?

問題1選項

A.FolkloreandFolkCustoms

B.ProblemsandTendencyofFolkCustoms

C.TheRevivalofFolkCustoms

D.FolkloreandFolklorists

問題2選項

A.folkloristsundervaluedtheopinionsoftheparticipants

B.theparticipantsdidnotrevealthesignificanceoftheircustoms

C.theparticipantswerenotawareofthemeaningoftheircustoms

D.folkloristsdidnotconsidertheparticipantssmartenoughtoanswerthequestions

問題3選項

A.participantsarenowinfluencedbyearlierstudiesoftheiractivities

B.participantsinsistontheaccuracyoftheirowninterpretations

C.folkloristsaretooconcernedtojustifytheirowntheories

D.folkloristsareoftenmisledbyunreliableearlierstudies

問題4選項

A.Theyarenowmorecautiousabouttheevidencetheyaccept.

B.Theywanttoinvestigatethemoreobscureareasoffolklore.

C.Theyarestudyingthecreationoffolkloreinpresent-daysociety.

D.Theywanttodiscoverthelinkbetweenpaganismandsocialcustoms.

問題5選項

A.Itenablesthemtoescapetheproblemsofthemodemworld.

B.Itisanattempttoreconstructwhatislostforever.

C.Itcanbeameansofregainingancientwisdom.

D.Itcanbeofpsychologicalbenefittothem.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.主旨題?？v觀全文，文章第一段介紹了民間習(xí)俗的概念，以及民間習(xí)俗的表現(xiàn)形式。文章第二段提到了民俗評估者對大多數(shù)記載民俗進行的評估。根據(jù)文章第三段開頭“Oneaspectwhichgenerallygetsleftoutofaccountsistheviewpointoftheparticipantsthemselves”，可知通常被忽視的這個方面就是民俗傳承人自己的觀點。第四段談及研究民俗的學(xué)生能確切意識到一些問題。最后一段是全文的總結(jié)，主要講述了民俗學(xué)者對民俗的結(jié)論和理解。選項D符合題意。

2.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“tomostobservers,thepeopletheywerelookingatweresimpleandilliterate,unmindfulofthetruesignificanceofthecustomstheyhadpreserved…Soafolkloristislikelytoemphasizeaspectsofatraditionwhichreflecthisorherowninterestsorwhichfitinwithpreconceivedideas…beofequalimportance.”，可知大多數(shù)觀察者找的都是一些樸素的人，甚至是文盲，并不理解所保存習(xí)俗的真正含義，所以民俗家最終只維護自己的興趣。可推斷出民俗家忽略了參與者的觀點。選項A符合題意。

3.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段，“Andnow,ideasderivingfromfolklorestudiesateso-widespreadthattheymayeasilyhavebecomeanintegralpartoftheattitudeoftheparticipantsinacustom.Sothefolkloristisratherlikeamanstaringatasceneinamirror…”，可知民俗研究的結(jié)論普遍流傳，這些結(jié)論很容易影響民俗傳承人觀點，所以民俗學(xué)者研究這些民俗時，就像照鏡子一樣?？赏茢喑鰠⑴c者現(xiàn)在會受到他早期研究結(jié)論的影響。選項A符合題意。

4.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段，“…enduplookingattheloreofthemotorcar,orofpopularmusic,andatcustomswhich,thoughtheyhavenohintsofpaganism,neverthelesshavemuchincommonwiththeolderactivitieswhichdo…”，可知那些民俗研究者轉(zhuǎn)而關(guān)注現(xiàn)今的現(xiàn)代城市生活等，在一些現(xiàn)代化物體中發(fā)現(xiàn)新的跟民俗相關(guān)的東西。可推斷出他們正在研究現(xiàn)代社會中民俗的創(chuàng)作物或產(chǎn)物。選項C符合題意。

5.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段，“…butthemeansbywhichpeopletrytomakesenseoftheworld(ortoconfrontitslackofsense)andtrytoalleviateboredomandsuffering.”，可知民俗是人們試圖理解這個世界，試圖減輕無聊和痛苦的方式?？赏茢喑鰠⑴c民俗對人們的心理帶來一定的好處。選項D符合題意。

12.單選題

Theremarkable（

）oflifeontheGalapagosIslandsinspiredCharlesDarwinto

establishhistheoryofevolution.

問題1選項

A.classification

B.variety

C.density

D.diversion

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。classification“分類，類別”；variety“多樣化”；density“密度”；diversion“轉(zhuǎn)移，消遣”。句意：加拉帕戈斯群島上生物顯著的多樣性激發(fā)了達爾文去建立自己的進化論。由后半句“激發(fā)了達爾文去建立自己的進化論”可推知該島上的生物是多樣的。答案B

13.單選題

Davidistryingtogetthatpromotionbyhookorbycrook;heevenspreadrumorsdefamingothercandidates.

問題1選項

A.scaring

B.smearing

C.squashing

D.startling

【答案】B

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.scaring使害怕；使恐懼B.smearing誹謗；弄臟

C.squashing擠壓D.startling使驚嚇；使嚇一跳

【考查點】動詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息spreadrumors（散發(fā)謠言）可推知，defaming是指“誹謗”的意思，B項詞義與之相近，故該題選擇B項。

【干擾項排除】A、C、D項詞義不符合句中所選詞匯。

【句意】大衛(wèi)為了得到提升不擇手段；他甚至散布誹謗其他候選人的謠言。

14.翻譯題

Forthoseplayingthegameofscience,themethodbywhichtheyascertainwhattheybelieveiscrucial.Theyhavetoevaluatedataandargumentsanddecideforthemselvesontheirvalidity.Scientistscommunicatingtoothershavethetaskofconvincingthehearersofthevalidityoftheirstatementsintermsofthedataandtheirexplanationsofthedata.Theyarenotplayingthegamecorrectlyiftheywinsupportbythestrengthoftheirpersonalityorprestige.Intheshortrunscientistsmayfollowanotheronthebasisofprestige,butthiscannotcontinueindefinitely.Itisuptothehearerstoevaluatewhatthescientistssayratherthanacceptitbecausetheysayit.Andtheculminationofthisenterpriseisthedeterminationofwhethertheexplanationsaccountforthedataobserved.Therelationshipbetweenscientificexplanationsanddatahelpstoensuretheintegrityofscientists.Iftheirfindingsareimportant,theycanbesurethattheirtheoriesanddatawillbeexaminedcriticallyandnewevidencewillbeattained.

Itisthesystemofdata-basedexplanationthatdistinguishessciencefromdogma.Scientistshaveboththerightandtheresponsibilitytodecideforthemselves,onthebasisofevidenceathand,thebestexplanationofasetofphenomena.Ontheotherhand,dogma(religious,economic,politicalorsocial)dependsonpronouncementsbyestablishedauthorities.

【答案】對于從事科學(xué)研究的那些人來說，確認他們所相信的東西而所使用的方法是至關(guān)重要的。他們不得不評估數(shù)據(jù)和論據(jù)，并自己確定它們的正確性。與他人進行交流的科學(xué)家們有必要依據(jù)數(shù)據(jù)和他們對數(shù)據(jù)的解釋，去讓聽者相信他們的陳述的正確性。如果他們通過自己的品格或威望而獲得支持，那么他們就不是在正確地從事科學(xué)。從短期來看，盡管科學(xué)家們可能基于威望而追隨另外一個人，但是這種追隨不能無限期地延續(xù)。聽者應(yīng)該去評估科學(xué)家所說的，而不是因為是他們所說的就相信。科學(xué)這項事業(yè)的頂峰是確定解釋是否能說明所觀察到的數(shù)據(jù)?？茖W(xué)解釋與數(shù)據(jù)之間的關(guān)系幫助確?？茖W(xué)家們的誠實。如果他們的發(fā)現(xiàn)是重要的，他們可以確信他們的理論和數(shù)據(jù)將被批判性地檢驗，并獲得新的證據(jù)。

正是基于數(shù)據(jù)的解釋體系將科學(xué)與教條區(qū)分開來。根據(jù)現(xiàn)有的證據(jù)，科學(xué)家有權(quán)利也有責(zé)任為自己決定對一系列現(xiàn)象的最佳解釋。另一方面，教條（宗教、經(jīng)濟、政治或社會）依賴于已確立的權(quán)威所做的聲明。

15.單選題

Onecommonalityoffitnessisthestrongassociationofmilitaryandpoliticalmight[A]withphysicalfitnessthroughoutmankind’sadvancement.Inmanyways,thisshowshow[B]impactingourworldleaderscanbeonhealthandfitness.Themind-bodyconcepthashadatenuousdevelopment.Attimes,someculturesprescribedspiritualityattheexpenseofthebody[C]whereasothers,suchasGreeksociety,[D]upholdtheidealthatasoundmindcanonlybefoundinahealthybody.

問題1選項

A.with

B.impacting

C.whereas

D.uphold

【答案】D

【解析】考查時態(tài)。Whereas引導(dǎo)的句子與前面是并列關(guān)系，因此D選項處動詞時態(tài)應(yīng)與prescribe保持一致，因此需要將uphold改為upheld。

16.單選題

Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee______.

問題1選項

A.whoishe

B.whoitis

C.whoheis

D.whoisit

【答案】C

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.whoishe他是誰B.whoitis它是誰

C.whoheis他是誰D.whoisit它是誰

【考查點】賓語從句。

【解題思路】分析句子可知，空格處為賓語從句，跟在動詞go和see的后面，根據(jù)前一句“有人在按門鈴”可知，賓語從句引導(dǎo)要用who，從句要用陳述語氣，who指的是someone，所以要用代詞he，該題選擇C項正確。

【干擾項排除】

A、D項不是陳述語氣；

B項it不指人。

【句意】有人在按門鈴。去看看他是誰。

17.單選題

Theoceanbottomeventodayislargelyunexplored:untilaboutacenturyago,thedeep-oceanfloorwascompletely（

），hiddenbeneathwateraveragingover3,600metersdeep.

問題1選項

A.inevitable

B.indefinite

C.incomparable

D.inaccessible

【答案】D

【解析】考察形容詞辨析?！癷nevitable”不可避免的；“indefinite”不確定的；“incomparable”不可比擬的；“inaccessible”難到達的，難接近的。句意：海洋底部甚至?xí)r至今日仍然有大部分未被探索：直到大約一個世紀以前深海底部完全無法到達的局面才得以改變，這些區(qū)域都深藏在平均深度在海面3600米以下的深海處。選項D符合句意。

18.單選題

Shewasextremely（）,alwaysreadytoagreewithotherpeople’swishes.

問題1選項

A.mellow

B.supple

C.adaptable

D.obstinate

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項mellow“圓潤的，柔和的；成熟的；芳醇的”；B選項supple“柔軟的；靈活的；順從的；易彎曲的；逢迎的”；C選項adaptable“適合的；能適應(yīng)的；可修改的”；D選項obstinate“頑固的；倔強的；難以控制的”。句意：她是非常能適應(yīng)的，總是準備著去贊同別人的愿望。結(jié)合此處句意，C選項正確。

19.單選題

Bodypaintorfacepaintisusedmostlybymeninpreliteratesocietiesinordertoattractgoodhealthorto（

）disease.

問題1選項

A.setaside

B.wardoff

C.shrugoff

D.giveaway

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。setaside意為“留作……之用，置……于不顧”；wardoff意為“躲開，防止（危險、疾病等）”；shrugoff意為“把……不當(dāng)回事，對……置之不理”；giveaway意為“捐贈，錯失，泄露”。句意：在前文化社會中，身體涂料或臉部彩繪主要是用來保持身體健康或者抵御疾病。

20.單選題

______wastoreturntoschool.

問題1選項

A.Thatreallyinterestedhim

B.Whatreallyinterestedhim

C.Whichreallyinterestedhim

D.Thatinteresthimreally

【答案】B

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.Thatreallyinterestedhim這讓他很感興趣B.Whatreallyinterestedhim讓他很感興趣的是

C.Whichreallyinterestedhim哪一個讓他很感興趣D.Thatinteresthimreally這讓他很感興趣

【答案】B

【考查點】主語從句。

【解題思路】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句子缺少一個主語，結(jié)合選項可知空格處為一個主語從句。That引導(dǎo)主語從句，從句的成分應(yīng)該完整，that在從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分。而本句中，從句缺少主語，引導(dǎo)詞在從句中充當(dāng)主語，因此排除that。which與what的區(qū)別在于，which有選擇性，在給出幾個已知選項時，可用which，而what不需要；但是結(jié)合選項可知主語從句并沒有選擇性，所以該題選擇B項。

【干擾項排除】A、C、D項由解題思路可知，不符合句子語法。

【句意】真正使他感興趣的是回到學(xué)校。

21.單選題

CordiaHarringtonwastiredofstandingupalldayandsmellinglikeFrenchfriesatnight.SheownedandoperatedthreeMcDonald’sshopsinIllinois,butasadivorcedmotherofthreeboys,sheyearnedforabusinessthatwouldprovideforherchildrenandletherspendmoretimewiththem.

Herluckymomentcame,strangelyenough,aftershewasnominatedin1992tobeontheMcDonald'sbuncommittee.“Thecompanypickedmeupinacorporatejettoseebakeriesaroundtheworld.”Sherecalls.“EverytimeIwenttoameeting,Ilovedit.Thiswasglobal!”

Theexperienceopenedhereyestobusinesspossibilities.WhenMcDonald’sdecideditwantedanewbunsupplier,Harringtonbecamedeterminedtowinthecontract,eventhoughshehadnoexperiencerunningabakery.

Harringtonstudiedthebakerybusinessandmadesureshewasneveroffexecutives’radar.“Ifyouhaveadream,youcan’twaitforpeopletocallyou,”shesays.“SoI’dvisitamillandsendthemphotosofmyself,inabaker’shatandjacket,holdingasignthatsays“Iwanttobeyourbaker.”Afterfouryearsand32interviews,herpersistencepaidoff.

Harringtonsealedthedealwithahandshake,soldhershopsandborrowed$13.5million.Shewasreadytobuildthefaster,mostautomatedbakeryintheworld.

TheTennesseeBunCompanyopenedaheadofschedulein1997intimeforaslumpinUSfast-foodsalesforMcDonald’s.BeforeHarringtonknewit,shewasdowntoherlast$20,000,notenoughtocoverpayroll.AndheragreementwithMcDonald’srequiredthatshesellexclusivelytothecompany.“Icriedmyselftosleepmanynights,”sherecalls.“IreallydidthinkIamgoingtogobankrupt”.

ButHarringtonworkedoutanagreementtosupplyPepperideFarmaswell.“McDonald’scouldseebenefitifourproductionwentupandpriceswentdownandnobenefitifwewentoutofbusiness,”shesays.“Thatdealsavedus.”

Overthenexteightyears,Haringtonbranchedoutevenmore:Shestartedherowntruckingbusiness,addedacold-storagecompany,andnowhasthreebakeriesproducingfreshbunsandfrozendough—allnowknownastheBuncompanies.Speedisstillapriority:Ittakes11peopleatthemainbakerytomakeout60,000bunsanhourforclientsacross40states,SouthAmerica,andtheCaribbean.

Gratefulforthebreaksshe’shad,Harringtonispassionateaboutprovidingopportunitiestoall230employees.“Financialsuccessisthemostfunwhenyoucangiveitaway,”shesays.

Thecurrenteconomyischallenging.Someofherclients’saleshavedeclined,butshe’sfoundnewclientsandimprovedefficienciestohelpsustaintheeconomy’sdouble-digitgrowth.

CordiaHarringtondoesn’thavetostandonherfeetalldayanymore.Twoofherthreesonsnowworkforher.Andshe'smarriedherhusband,Tom,isnowherCFO.

"Thisismorethanajob,”saysHarrington.“It'samission.I'malwaysthinking.Howcanwebestserveouremployees?Ifwesupportthem,they’lldotheirbesttolookafterourclients.That’showitworkshere.”

1.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingwasmostsignificantinHarrington’searlycareer?

2.“Harringtonmadesureshewasneveroffexecutives‘radar’"(ParagraphFour)meansthatshe（）.

3.Howdidshesurvivethecrisisofthebakerybusiness?

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECTindescribinghercurrentbusiness?

5.AccordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingisfundamentaltoHarrington’ssuccess?

問題1選項

A.Hertravelandthevisitstobakeriesaroundtheworld.

B.HernominationontheMcDonald’sbuncommittee.

C.Abusinesscontractwithlocalbunsuppliers.

D.Theinterviewsandexperienceinrunningabakery.

問題2選項

A.herselfwantedtobeacompanyexecutive

B.meanttohireexecutivestorunthebusiness

C.meanttokeephermanagementknowledgeandskills

D.focusedonthemanagementofthebakerybusiness

問題3選項

A.Byopeningherbuncompanyaheadofschedule.

B.Bysupplyingbunsforanothercompany.

C.BykeepingsuppliesupforMcDonald.

D.BymakinganewagreementwithMcDonald.

問題4選項

A.Itisfastgrowing.

B.Itisdiversified.

C.Itsclientsarealllocal.

D.Itismoreefficient.

問題5選項

A.Perseveranceandconcernforemployees.

B.Businessexpansionandfamilysupport.

C.Efficiencyandloveforthefamily.

D.Opportunitiesandspeed.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:1.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第三段的首句“Theexperienceopenedhereyestobusinesspossibilities.這次經(jīng)歷使她看到了商機”，也就是說，在哈林頓的早期職業(yè)生涯中最重要的是這次經(jīng)歷。再根據(jù)上一段的內(nèi)容可知，這次經(jīng)歷是在她被任命為麥當(dāng)勞的面包委員會委員后，公司派專機接她去看世界各地的面包房。所以選項A符合原文。本題容易錯選B，但被任命后如果沒有那些經(jīng)歷，也不能對她的職業(yè)產(chǎn)生影響，所以重要的還是“experience”。

第2題:2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)原文句意“哈林頓學(xué)習(xí)了怎樣經(jīng)營面包店，并且確保自己從來沒有離開過管理層的視線”，由此可知，她這樣做是為了保持她的管理知識和技能，所以選項C正確。選項A“她自己想成為一名公司主管”不正確，因為她是想自己經(jīng)營一家公司而不是成為主管；選項B“打算雇傭管理人員來經(jīng)營企業(yè)”不正確，這時候她自己還沒有開公司，所以談不上雇傭；選項D“專注于面包房業(yè)務(wù)的管理”也不正確，因為上一段提到她沒有經(jīng)營面包店的經(jīng)驗，所以她學(xué)習(xí)的是如何經(jīng)營面包店，而不是業(yè)務(wù)管理。只有選項C符合原文。

第3題:3.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第七段的最后一句話“那筆交易救了我們”，這里的交易指的是本段首句提到的“達成協(xié)議為Pepperide農(nóng)場供應(yīng)面包”。所以選項B“向另一家公司供應(yīng)面包”正確。

第4題:4.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第八段的最后一句“Ittakes11peopleatthemainbakerytomakeout60,000bunsanhourforclientsacross40states,SouthAmerica,andtheCaribbean.面包店的11個人每小時要為來自40個州、南美洲和加勒比海地區(qū)的客戶制作6萬個面包?！庇纱丝芍?，她的客戶不僅僅是當(dāng)?shù)氐?，所以選項C不正確。

第5題:5.判斷推理題。根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容“‘這不僅僅是一份工作，’哈林頓說?！@是一個任務(wù)。我總是思考。我們怎樣才能更好地為員工服務(wù)？如果我們支持他們，他們就會盡力照顧我們的客戶。這就是這里的運作方式?！庇纱丝芍?，關(guān)心員工是哈林頓成功的根本原因之一。除此之外，還有原文前面所提及的她自己付出的努力，以及自己堅持不懈的精神是她事業(yè)成功的另一個根本原因。所以選項A正確。

22.單選題

InternationalVaccination:A.jabintimeSomeWesterncountrieshavelowervaccinationratesthanpoorpartsofAfrica.Anti-vaxxersarenotthemainculprits.

Eradicatingadiseaseisthesortofaimthatrichcountriescomeupwith,andpooronesstruggletoreach.Butforsomediseases,thepatternisreversed.Thesearetheailmentsforwhichvaccinationsexist.Manypoorcountriesrunhighlyeffectivevaccinationprogrammers.Butasmemoriesofthetollfrominfectiousdiseasesfadesacrosstherichworld,insomeplacestheyaremakingacomeback.TheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)reckonsthatvaccinessave2.5mlivesayear.Smallpoxwaseradicatedin1980withthehelpofavaccine;polioshouldsoonfollow.Inbothcases,richcountriesledtheway.Thenewpatternlooksverydifferent.

Thetrendismostevidentformeasles,whichishighlycontagious.Atleast95%ofpeoplemustvaccinatetostopitsspread(athresholdknownas"herdimmunity").Althoughusuallymild,itcanleadtopneumoniaandcausebraindamageorblindnessthecountrieswiththelowestvaccinationratesareallverypoor,butmanydevelopingcountriesrunexcellentprogrammes(seechart).Eritrea.RwandaandSriLankamanagetovaccinatenearlyeveryone.Bycontrast,severalrichcountries,includingAmerica,Britain.FranceandItaly,arebelowherdimmunity.LastyearEuropemissedthedeadlineithadsetitselfin2010toeradicatemeasles-andhadalmost4,000Cases.Americawasdeclaredmeasles-freein2000;in2014ithadhundredsofcasesacross27statesandlastyearsawitsfirstdeathfromthediseaseinmorethanadecade.Thetrendsforothervaccine-preventablediseases,suchasrubella,whichcancausecongenitaldisabilitiesifapregnantwomancatchesit,arealarming,too.

ThissorrystateofaffairsJsoftenblamedonhardline"anti-vaxxers:parent’suhorefusesallvaccinesfortheirchildren.Theyarcamotleylot.TheAmishinAmericaspurnmodernmedicine,alongwithalmosteverythingelseinventedsincethe17thcentury.Somevegansobjecttotheuseofanimal-derivedproductsinvaccines'manufacture.TheProtestantDutchReformedChurchthinksvaccinesthwartdivinewill.Anthroposophy,foundedinthe19thcenturybyRudolfSteiner,anAustrianmystic-cum-philosopher,preachesthatdiseasesstrengthenchildren'sphysicalandmentaldevelopment.

Inmostcountriessuchrefuseniksareonly2-3%ofparents.Butbecausetheytendtoliveinclusters,theycanbethesourceofou