書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-仙桃職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

“Museum”isaslipperyword.Itfirstmeant(inGreek)anythingconsecratedtotheMuses:ahill,ashrine,agarden,afestivalorevenatextbook.BothPlato'sAcademyandAristotle'sLyceumhadamouseion.amuses'shrine.AlthoughtheGreeksalreadycollecteddetachedworksofart,manytemples—notablythatofHeraatOlympia(beforewhichtheOlympicflameisstilllit)-hadcollectionsofobjects,someofwhichwereworksofartbywell-knownmasters.WhilepaintingsandsculpturesintheAlexandrianMuseumwereincidentaltoitsmainpurpose.

TheRomansalsocollectedandexhibitedartfromdisbandedtemples,aswellasmineralspecimens,exoticplants,animals;andtheyplunderedsculpturesandpaintings(mostlyGreek)forexhibition.Meanwhile,theGreekwordhadslippedintoLatinbytransliteration(thoughnottosignifypicturegalleries,whichwerecalledpinacothecae)andmuseumstillmoreorlessmeant"Muses'shrine".

Theinspirationalcollectionsofpreciousandsemi-preciousobjectswerekeptinlargerchurchesandmonasteries—whichfocusedonthegold—enshrined,bejeweledrelicsofsaintsandmartyrs.Princes,midlatermerchants,hadsimilarcollections,whichbecamethedepositsofnaturalcuriosities:largelumpsofamberorcoral,irregularpearls,unicornhorns,ostricheggs,fossilbonesandsoon.Theyalsoincludedcoinsandgems—oftenantiqueengravedones—aswellas,increasingly,paintingsandsculptures.Astheymultipliedandexpanded,tosupplementthem,theskillofthefakersgrewincreasinglyrefined.

Atthesametime,visitorscouldadmiretheverygrandestpaintingsandsculpturesinthechurches,palacesandcastles;theywerenot“collected”either,but“site-specific”,andwereconsideredanintegralpartbothofthefabricofthebuildingsandofthewayoflifewhichwentoninsidethem-andmostofthebuildingswerepublicones.However,duringtherevivalofantiquityinthefifteenthcentury,fragmentsofantiquesculptureweregivenhigherstatusthantheworkofanycontemporary,sothatdisplaysofantiquitieswouldinspireartiststoimitation,orevenbetter,toemulation;andsocouldbeconsideredMuses’shrinesintheformersense.TheMedicigardennearSanMarcoinFlorence,theBelvedereandtheCapitolinRomewerethemostfamousofsuchearly“inspirational”collections.Soontheymultiplied,andgradually,exemplary??modem”workswerealsoaddedtosuchgalleries.

Intheseventeenthcentury,scientificandprestigecollectingbecamesowidespreadthatthreeorfourcollectorsindependentlypublisheddirectoriestomuseumsallovertheknownworld.Butitwastheageofrevolutionsandindustrywhichproducedthenextsharpshiftinthewaytheinstitutionwasperceivedthefuryagainstroyalandchurchmonumentspromptedantiquarianstosheltertheminasylum-galleries,ofwhichtheMuseedesMonumentsFrancaiswasthemostfamous.Then,inthefirsthalfofthenineteenthcentury,museumfundingtooloff,alliedtotheriseofnewwealth:LondonacquiredtheNationalGalleryandtheBritishMuseum,theLouvrewasorganized,theMuseum-1nselwasbeguninBerlin,andtheMunichgallerieswerebuilt.InVienna,thehugeKtmsthistorischesandNaturhistorischesMuseumstookovermuchoftheimperialtreasure.Meanwhile,thedeclineofcraftsmanship(andofpublictastewithit)inspiredthecreationof"improving"collections.TheVictoriaandAlbertMuseuminLondonwasthemostfamous,aswellasperhapsthelargestofthem.

1.Thesentence"Museumisaslipperyword"inthefirstparagraphmeansthat（

）.

2.Theideathatmuseumcouldmeanamountainoranobjectoriginatesfrom

（

）.

3."...theskillofthefakersgrewincreasinglyrefined"inthethirdparagraphmeansthat

（

）.

4.Paintingsandsculpturesondisplayinchurchesinthe15thcenturywere

（

）.

5.Modernmuseumscomeintoexistenceinorderto

（

）.

6.Whichisthemainideaofthepassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.themeaningoftheworddidn'tchangeuntilafterthe15thcentury

B.themeaningofthewordhadchangedovertheyears

C.theGreekshelddifferentconceptsfromtheRomans

D.princesandmerchantsaddedpaintingstotheircollections

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.theRomans

B.Florence

C.Olympia

D.Greek

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.therewasagreatdemandforfakers

B.fakersgrewrapidlyinnumber

C.fakersbecamemoreskillful

D.fakersbecamemorepolite

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.collectedfromelsewhere

B.madepartofthebuildings

C.donatedbypeople

D.boughtbychurches

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.protectroyalandchurchtreasures

B.improveexistingcollections

C.stimulatepublicinterest

D.raisemorefunds

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.Collectionandcollectors

B.Theevolutionofmuseums

C.Modemmuseumsandtheirfunctions

D.Thebirthofmuseums

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:A

第6題:B

【解析】1.判斷推理題。slippery意為狡猾的，不穩(wěn)定的。再根據(jù)下文的內(nèi)容可以推測(cè)，這里是指它的意思多年來(lái)已經(jīng)改變了。所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“Itfirstmeant(inGreek)anythingconsecratedtotheMuses:ahill,ashrine,agarden,afestivalorevenatextbook.它最初的意思是(在希臘語(yǔ)中)獻(xiàn)給繆斯女神的任何東西：一座小山、一座神殿、一座花園、一個(gè)節(jié)日，甚至是一本教科書(shū)?！庇纱丝芍x項(xiàng)D正確。

3.語(yǔ)義題。根據(jù)原文句意：隨著它們的增加和擴(kuò)大，作為補(bǔ)充，造假者的技藝變得越來(lái)越精湛。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第四段第一句“theywerenot‘collected’either,but‘site-specific’,andwereconsideredanintegralpartbothofthefabricofthebuildings...”它們不是被“收藏”，而是“特定場(chǎng)地的”，被認(rèn)為是建筑不可或缺的一部分。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

5.判斷推理題。根據(jù)最后一段中“thefuryagainstroyalandchurchmonumentspromptedantiquarianstosheltertheminasylum-galleries...”對(duì)皇室和教堂遺跡的憤怒促使古物學(xué)家把它們（文物）藏在避難所的陳列室里。由此可知，是為了保護(hù)皇家和教堂的財(cái)富，選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

6.主旨大意題。結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要講的是“museum”一詞的變化過(guò)程，所以選項(xiàng)B最能概括全文。

2.單選題

JusthowmuchdoestheConstitutionprotectyourdigitaldata?TheSupremeCourtwillnowconsiderwhetherpolicecansearchthecontentsofamobilephonewithoutawarrantifthephoneisonoraroundapersonduringanarrest.

Californiahasaskedthejusticestorefrainfromasweepingruling,particularlyonethatupsetstheoldassumptionsthatauthoritiesmaysearchthroughthepossessionsofsuspectsatthetimeoftheirarrest.Itishard,thestateargues,forjudgestoassesstheimplicationsofnewandrapidlychangingtechnologies.

ThecourtwouldberecklesslymodestifitfollowedCalifornia’sadvice.Enoughoftheimplicationsarediscernable,evenobvious,sothatthejusticecanandshouldprovideupdated

guidelinestopolice,lawyersanddefendants.

TheyshouldstartbydiscardingCalifornia’slameargumentthatexploringthecontentsofasmartphone—avaststorehouseofdigitalinformation—issimilarto,say,goingthroughasuspect’spurse.Thecourthasruledthatpolicedon'tviolatetheFourthAmendmentwhentheygothroughthewalletorpocketbook,ofanarresteewithoutawarrant.Butexploringone’ssmartphoneismorelikeenteringhisorherhome.Asmartphonemaycontainanarrestee’sreadinghistory,financialhistory,medicalhistory,andcomprehensiverecordsofrecentcorrespondence.Thedevelopmentof“cloudcomputing,”meanwhile,hasmadethatexplorationsomuchtheeasier.

ButthejusticesshouldnotswallowCalifornia’sargumentwhole.New,disruptivetechnologysometimesdemandsnovelapplicationsoftheConstitution’sprotections.OrinKen;alawprofessor,comparestheexplosionandaccessibilityofdigitalinformationinthe21stcenturywiththeestablishmentofautomobileuseasadigitalnecessityoflifeinthe20th:Thejusticeshadtospecifynovelrulesforthenewpersonaldomainofthepassengercarthen;theymustsortouthowtheFourthAmendmentappliestodigitalinformationnow.

1.TheSupremeCourtwillworkoutwhether,duringanarrest,itislegitimateto（

）.

2.Theauthor’sattitudetowardCalifornia’sargumentisoneof

（

）.

3.Theauthorbelievesthatexploringone’sphonecontentiscomparableto

（

）.

4.InParagraph5,theauthorshowshisconcernthat

（

）.

5.OrinKerr’scomparisonisquotedtoindicatetha（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.searchforsuspects’mobilephoneswithoutawarrant

B.checksuspects5phonecontentswithoutbeingauthorized

C.preventsuspectsfromdeletingtheirphonecontents

D.prohibitsuspectsfromusingtheirmobilephones

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.tolerance

B.indifference

C.disapproval

D.cautiousness

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.gettingintoone'sresidence

B.handingone’shistoricalrecords

C.scanningone’scorrespondences

D.goingthroughone’swallet

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.principlesarehardtobeclearlyexpressed

B.thecourtisgivingpolicelessroomforaction

C.phonesareusedtostoresensitiveinformation

D.citizens’privacyisnoteffectivelyprotected

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.TheConstitutionshouldbeimplementedflexibly

B.NewtechnologyrequiresreinterpretationoftheConstitution

C.California’sargumentviolatesprinciplesoftheConstitution

D.PrinciplesoftheConstitutionshouldneverbealtere

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第一段指出:TheSupremeCourtwillnowconsiderwhetherpolicecansearchthecontentsofamobilephonewithoutawarrantifthephoneisonoraroundapersonduringanarrest(美國(guó)最高法院現(xiàn)在將會(huì)考慮警察在沒(méi)有搜查證的情況下是否可以對(duì)被逮捕人員手邊的手機(jī)內(nèi)容進(jìn)行搜查)，由此可知B項(xiàng)“在沒(méi)有授權(quán)的情況下檢查嫌疑犯的手機(jī)內(nèi)容”正確。

2.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。第四段指出:TheyshouldstartbydiscardingCalifornia’slameargumentthatexploringthecontentsofasmartphone—avaststorehouseofdigitalinformation—issimilarto,say,goingthroughasuspect’spurse(他們（即法官們）應(yīng)該從拋棄加州站不住腳的論點(diǎn)（即例如仔細(xì)查閱有著大量數(shù)字信息的智能手機(jī)內(nèi)容與仔細(xì)檢查嫌疑犯的錢(qián)包類似）開(kāi)始)，由此可推知作者對(duì)加州論點(diǎn)是不贊成的，故C項(xiàng)正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞exploringone’sphonecontent定位至第四段中:Butexploringone’ssmartphoneismorelikeenteringhisorherhome(但是仔細(xì)查閱一個(gè)人的手機(jī)更像進(jìn)入他或她的住宅)。因此A項(xiàng)“進(jìn)入—個(gè)人的住宅”正確。

4.判斷推理題。第五段指出:New,disruptivetechnologysometimesdemandsnovelapplicationsoftheConstitution’sprotections(顛覆性的新技術(shù)有時(shí)要求憲法保護(hù)的新應(yīng)用)。...theymustsortouthowtheFourthAmendmentappliestodigitalinformationnow.……(現(xiàn)在他們應(yīng)該解決第四條修正案如何適用于數(shù)字信息)。因此D項(xiàng)“公民的隱私?jīng)]有有效地被保護(hù)”正確。

5.判斷推理題。第五段指出:New,disruptivetechnologysometimesdemandsnovelapplicationsoftheConstitution’sprotections(顛覆性的新技術(shù)有時(shí)要求憲法保護(hù)的新應(yīng)用),由此可推知B項(xiàng)“新技術(shù)要求重新解釋?xiě)椃ā闭_。

3.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Overthelast25years,Britishsocietyhaschangedagreatdeal—oratleastmanypartsofithave.Insomeways,however,verylittlehaschanged,particularlywhereattitudesareconcerned.Ideasaboutsocialclass—whetherapersonis“working-class”or“middle-class”—areoneareainwhichchangeshavebeenextremelyslow.

Inthepast,theworking-classtendedtobepaidlessthanmiddle-classpeople,suchasteachersanddoctors.Asaresultofthisandalsoofthefactthatworkers’jobsweregenerallymuchlesssecure,distinctdifferencesinlife-stylesandattitudescameintoexistence.ThetypicalworkingmanwouldcollecthiswagesonFridayeveningandthen,itwaswidelybelieved,havinggivenhiswifeher“housekeeping”,wouldgooutandsquandertherestonbeerandbetting.

Thestereotypeofwhatamiddle-classmandidwithhismoneywasperhapsnearerthetruth.Hewas—andstillis—inclinedtotakealonger-termview.Notonlydidheregardbuyingahousebutalsotheseprovidedhimandhisfamilywithsecurity.Onlyinveryfewcasesdidworkershavetheopportunity(ortheeducationandtraining)tomakesuchlong-termplans.

Nowadays,agreatdealhaschanged.Inalargenumberofcasesfactoryworkersearnasmuch,ifnotmore,thantheirmiddle-classsupervisors.Socialsecurityandlawstoimprovecentury,havemadeitlessnecessarythanbeforetoworryabouttomorrow.Working-classpeopleseemslowlytobelosingthefeelingofinferioritytheyhadinthepast.Infacttherehasbeenagrowingtendencyinthepastfewyearsforthemiddle-classestofeelslightlyashamedoftheirposition.

Thechangesinbothlife-stylesandattitudesareprobablymosteasilyseenamongstyoungerpeople.Theygenerallytendtoshareverysimilartastesinmusicandclothes,theyspendtheirmoneyinhavingagoodtime,andsaveforholidaysorlonger-termplanswhennecessary.Thereseemstobemuchlessdifferencethaninpreviousgenerations.Nevertheless,westillhaveawidegapbetweenthewell-paid(whateverthetypeofjobtheymayhave)andthelow-paid.Aslongasthisgapexists,therewillalwaysbeapossibilitythatnewconflictsandjealousieswillemerge,orratherthattheoldconflictswillre-appear,butbetweendifferentgroups.

1.Whichofthefollowingisseenasthecauseofclassdifferencesinthepast?

2.Thewriterseemstosuggestthatthedescriptionof______isclosertotruth.

3.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNotatypicalfeatureofthemiddle-class?

4.Workingclasspeople’ssenseofsecurityincreasedasaresultofallthefollowingfactorEXCEPT______.

5.Whichofthefollowingstatementisincorrect?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Lifestyleandoccupation.

B.Attitudeandincome.

C.Incomeandjobsecurity.

D.Jobsecurityandhobbies.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.middle-classwaysofspendingmoney

B.working-classwaysofspendingtheweekend

C.working-classdrinkinghabits

D.middle-classattitudes

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Desiringforsecurity.

B.Makinglongtermplans.

C.Havingprioritiesinlife.

D.Savingmoney.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.bettersocialsecurity

B.morejobopportunities

C.higherlivingstandard

D.betterlegalprotection

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.ChangesareslowlytakingplaceinallsectorsoftheBritishsociety.

B.Thegapbetweenworking-classandmiddle-classyoungpeopleisnarrowing.

C.Differenceinincomewillremainbutthoseinoccupationwilldisappear.

D.Middle-classpeoplemaysometimesfeelinferiortoworkingclasspeople.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

1.Whichofthefollowingisseenasthecauseofclassdifferencesinthepast?1.下列哪一項(xiàng)被認(rèn)為是過(guò)去階級(jí)差異的原因？

A.Lifestyleandoccupation.A.生活方式和職業(yè)。

B.Attitudeandincome.B.態(tài)度和收入。

C.Incomeandjobsecurity.C.收入和工作保障。

D.Jobsecurityandhobbies.D.工作保障和愛(ài)好。

【考查點(diǎn)】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第二段前兩句“過(guò)去，工人階級(jí)的收入往往比教師和醫(yī)生等中產(chǎn)階級(jí)的收入低。由于這一點(diǎn)，也由于工人的工作普遍不那么有保障，生活方式和態(tài)度出現(xiàn)了明顯的差異。”可知，收入的不同和工作普遍沒(méi)有那么有保障是造成過(guò)去階級(jí)差異的原因，所以該題選擇C項(xiàng)“收入和工作保障”。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“生活方式和職業(yè)”和B項(xiàng)“態(tài)度和收入”中的生活方式和態(tài)度是階級(jí)差異的結(jié)果，并不是其原因，這兩項(xiàng)曲解原文；

D項(xiàng)“工作保障和愛(ài)好”，原文第二段提到“工人領(lǐng)完工資交給妻子后就去揮霍在喝酒和賭博上”可知，工人喝酒和賭博的愛(ài)好是階級(jí)差異造成的結(jié)果，不是原因，該項(xiàng)也曲解原文。

2.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

2.Thewriterseemstosuggestthatthedescriptionof______isclosertotruth.2.作者似乎在暗示______的描述更接近事實(shí)。

A.middle-classwaysofspendingmoneyA.中產(chǎn)階級(jí)花錢(qián)方式

B.working-classwaysofspendingtheweekendB.工人階級(jí)過(guò)周末的方式

C.working-classdrinkinghabitsC.工人階級(jí)的飲酒習(xí)慣

D.middle-classattitudesD.中產(chǎn)階級(jí)的態(tài)度

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】首先根據(jù)題干定位至第三段第一句“中產(chǎn)階級(jí)男人如何理財(cái)?shù)年愒~濫調(diào)也許更接近事實(shí)（Thestereotypeofwhatamiddle-classmandidwithhismoneywasperhapsnearerthetruth）”可知，這里講到中產(chǎn)階級(jí)男人如何理財(cái)?shù)年愒~濫調(diào)更接近事實(shí)，然后下文提到“他不僅考慮買(mǎi)一套房子，而且這也為他和他的家人提供了安全感”，綜合理解可推斷，作者在這其實(shí)是暗示中產(chǎn)階級(jí)花錢(qián)的方式更接近事實(shí)，所以A項(xiàng)“中產(chǎn)階級(jí)花錢(qián)方式”符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B項(xiàng)“工人階級(jí)過(guò)周末的方式”和C項(xiàng)“工人階級(jí)的飲酒習(xí)慣”根據(jù)第二段最后一句“人們普遍認(rèn)為（itwaswidelybelieved），典型的工人會(huì)在周五晚上領(lǐng)取工資，然后在給妻子料理家務(wù)后，就出去把剩下的錢(qián)揮霍在啤酒和賭博上”可知，這兩項(xiàng)是人們普遍認(rèn)為的觀點(diǎn)，并不是作者暗示的內(nèi)容，屬于張冠李戴；

D項(xiàng)“中產(chǎn)階級(jí)的態(tài)度”根據(jù)解題思路可知，該項(xiàng)曲解原文。

3.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

3.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNotatypicalfeatureofthemiddle-class?3.根據(jù)文章，下列哪項(xiàng)不是中產(chǎn)階級(jí)的典型特征？

A.Desiringforsecurity.A.渴望安全。

B.Makinglongtermplans.B.制定長(zhǎng)期計(jì)劃。

C.Havingprioritiesinlife.C.在生活中有優(yōu)先權(quán)。

D.Savingmoney.D.存錢(qián)。

【考查點(diǎn)】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第三段二三四句“他（中產(chǎn)階級(jí)男人）過(guò)去傾向于更長(zhǎng)期的觀點(diǎn)，現(xiàn)在依然如此。他不僅考慮買(mǎi)一套房子，而且這也為他和他的家人提供了安全感。只有在極少數(shù)情況下，工人們才有機(jī)會(huì)（或接受教育和培訓(xùn)）制定這樣的長(zhǎng)期計(jì)劃?！笨芍?，中產(chǎn)階級(jí)的典型特征就是尋求安全感，制定長(zhǎng)期計(jì)劃，以及有接受教育和培訓(xùn)的機(jī)會(huì)，即比工人們更有優(yōu)先權(quán)享受到這些機(jī)會(huì)，只有D項(xiàng)“存錢(qián)”沒(méi)有提到，所以該題選擇D項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A項(xiàng)“渴望安全”、B項(xiàng)“制定長(zhǎng)期計(jì)劃”和C項(xiàng)“在生活中有優(yōu)先權(quán)”根據(jù)解題思路可知，這三項(xiàng)符合原文，屬于反向干擾。

4.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

4.Workingclasspeople’ssenseofsecurityincreasedasaresultofallthefollowingfactorEXCEPT______.4.工人階級(jí)的安全感增加，除了______以外，其他因素都有影響。

A.bettersocialsecurityA.社會(huì)保障的改善

B.morejobopportunitiesB.更多就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)

C.higherlivingstandardC.更高的生活水平

D.betterlegalprotectionD.更好的法律保護(hù)

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第四段二三句“在很多情況下，工廠工人的收入與他們的中產(chǎn)階級(jí)主管一樣多，甚至更多。社會(huì)保障和法律的改善，已經(jīng)使它比以前更沒(méi)有必要擔(dān)心明天?！笨芍と穗A級(jí)收入的提高、社會(huì)保障和法律的改善是使他們更有安全感的因素，只有B項(xiàng)“更多就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)”是沒(méi)有提到，所以該題選擇B項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“社會(huì)保障的改善”符合原文，屬于反向干擾；

D項(xiàng)“更好的法律保護(hù)”符合原文，屬于反向干擾；

C項(xiàng)“更高的生活水平”，工人收入比中產(chǎn)階級(jí)收入一樣多甚至更高，從而生活水平也會(huì)相應(yīng)上升，所以該項(xiàng)也屬于反向干擾。

5.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

5.Whichofthefollowingstatementisincorrect?5.下面哪個(gè)陳述是錯(cuò)誤的？

A.ChangesareslowlytakingplaceinallsectorsoftheBritishsociety.A.英國(guó)社會(huì)的各個(gè)方面都在慢慢地發(fā)生著變化。

B.Thegapbetweenworking-classandmiddle-classyoungpeopleisnarrowing.B.工人階級(jí)和中產(chǎn)階級(jí)年輕人之間的差距正在縮小。

C.Differenceinincomewillremainbutthoseinoccupationwilldisappear.C.收入差距將繼續(xù)存在，但職業(yè)差距將消失。

D.Middle-classpeoplemaysometimesfeelinferiortoworkingclasspeople.D.中產(chǎn)階級(jí)有時(shí)會(huì)覺(jué)得自己不如工人階級(jí)。

【考查點(diǎn)】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第一段首句“在過(guò)去的25年里，英國(guó)社會(huì)發(fā)生了巨大的變化——至少在很多方面是這樣的”可知，英國(guó)社會(huì)在很多方面都發(fā)生了巨大的變化，也就是說(shuō)變化快速，所以A項(xiàng)“英國(guó)社會(huì)的各個(gè)方面都在慢慢地發(fā)生著變化”與原文不符，該題選擇A項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B項(xiàng)“工人階級(jí)和中產(chǎn)階級(jí)年輕人之間的差距正在縮小”根據(jù)最后一段第一句“生活方式和態(tài)度的變化可能在年輕人中最容易看到”以及第三句“與前幾代人相比，現(xiàn)在的差異似乎要小得多”可知，工人階級(jí)和中產(chǎn)階級(jí)年輕人之間的差異正在縮小，該項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾；

C項(xiàng)“收入差距將繼續(xù)存在，但職業(yè)差距將消失”根據(jù)最后一段第四句“然而，在高薪人群（無(wú)論他們從事何種工作）和低收入人群之間仍然存在著巨大的差距”可知，該項(xiàng)符合原文，屬于反向干擾；

D項(xiàng)“中產(chǎn)階級(jí)有時(shí)會(huì)覺(jué)得自己不如工人階級(jí)”根據(jù)第四段最后一句“事實(shí)上，在過(guò)去幾年里，中產(chǎn)階級(jí)對(duì)自己的地位感到有點(diǎn)羞愧的趨勢(shì)越來(lái)越明顯”可知，該項(xiàng)也符合原文，屬于反向干擾。

4.單選題

Thecouplehadbeentryingtosatisfyalltheneedsoftheironlykid,whohadbeen（

）formorepocketmoneyallthetime.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.impressing

B.importuning

C.informing

D.improvising

【答案】B

【解析】impress給人印象；importune強(qiáng)求，一再向某人要求；inform告訴，通知；improvise即興創(chuàng)作。句意：這對(duì)夫婦一直試圖滿足他們唯一的孩子的所有需要，而孩子一直在不斷地要求更多的零花錢(qián)。選項(xiàng)B符合語(yǔ)境。

5.單選題

Manyleadersofthechurchesarenowsayingthatpreparationfordemolishinganentirehumancityisinherentlyimmoral.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.developing

B.deserting

C.designing

D.destroying

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.developing發(fā)展B.deserting拋棄

C.designing設(shè)計(jì)D.destroying破壞

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】語(yǔ)義銜接

【解題思路】劃線部分語(yǔ)義為“準(zhǔn)備____整個(gè)人類城市”，后文提到“（這）本來(lái)就是不道德的”，原詞demolish“破壞；摧毀”。因此，D選項(xiàng)destroying“破壞”最符合原文。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)developing“發(fā)展”，不符合語(yǔ)義銜接；

B選項(xiàng)deserting“拋棄”，不符合原文語(yǔ)義；

C選項(xiàng)designing“設(shè)計(jì)”，不符合語(yǔ)義銜接。

【句意】現(xiàn)在許多教會(huì)領(lǐng)袖說(shuō)，準(zhǔn)備摧毀整個(gè)人類城市本來(lái)就是不道德的。

6.單選題

Humanmigration:thetermisvague.Whatpeopleusuallythinkofisthepermanentmovementofpeoplefromonehometoanother.Morebroadly,though,migrationmeansalltheways—fromtheseasonaldriftofagriculturalworkerswithinacountrytotherelocationofrefugeesfromonecountrytoanother.

Migrationisbig,dangerous,compelling.Itis60millionEuropeansleavinghomefromthe16thtothe20thcenturies.Itissome15millionHindus,Skihs,andMuslimssweptupinatumultuousshuffleofcitizensbetweenIndiaandPakistanafterthepartitionofthesubcontinentin1947.

Migrationisthedynamicundertowofpopulationchange:everyone’ssolution,everyone’sconflict.Asthecenturyturns,migration,withitsinevitableeconomicandpoliticalturmoil,hasbeencalled“oneofthegreatestchallengesofthecomingcentury.”

Butitismuchmorethanthat.Itis,ashasalwaysbeen,thegreatadventureofhumanlife.Migrationhelpedcreatehumans,droveustoconquertheplanet,shapedoursocieties,andpromisestoreshapethemagain.

“Youhaveahistorybookwritteninyourgenes,”saidSpencerWells.Thebookhe’stryingtoreadgoesbacktolongbeforeeventhefirstwordwaswritten,anditisastoryofmigration.

Wells,atall,blondgeneticistatStanfordUniversity,spentthesummerof1998exploringremotepartsofTranscaucasiaandCentralAsiawiththreecolleaguesinaLandRover,lookingfordropsofblood.Intheblood,donatedbythepeoplehemet,hewillsearchforthestorythatgeneticmarkerscantellofthelongpathshumanlifehastakenacrosstheEarth.Geneticstudiesarethelatesttechniqueinalongeffortofmodernhumanstofindoutwheretheyhavecomefrom.Buthoweverthepathsaretraced,thebasicstoryissimple:peoplehavebeenmovingsincetheywerepeople.Ifearlyhumanshadn’tmovedandintermingledasmuchastheydid,theyprobablywouldhavecontinuedtoevolveintodifferentspecies.FrombeginningsinAfrica,mostresearchersagree,groupsofhunter-gatherersspreadout,driventotheendsoftheEarth.

TodemographerKingsleyDavis,twothingsmademigrationhappen.First,humanbeings,withtheirtoolsandlanguage,couldadapttodifferentconditionswithouthavingtowaitforevolutiontomakethemsuitableforanewniche.Second,aspopulationsgrew,culturesbegantodiffer,andinequalitiesdevelopedbetweengroups.Thefirstfactorgaveusthekeystothedoorofanyroomontheplanet;theothergaveusreasonstousethem.

Overthecenturies,asagriculturespreadacrosstheplanet,peoplemovedtowardplaceswheremetalwasfoundandworkedandtocentersofcommercethatthenbecomecities.Thoseplaceswere,inturn,invadedandoverrunbypeoplelatergenerationscalledbarbarians.

Inbetweenthesestormsurgesweresteadierbutsimilarlyprofoundfidesinwhichpeoplemovedouttocolonizeorwerecapturedandbroughtinasslaves.ForawhilethepopulationofAthens,thatcityoflegendaryenlightenmentwasasmuchas35percentslaves.

“Whatstrikesmeishowimportantmigrationisasacauseandeffectinthegreatworldevents.”MarkMiller,co-authorofTheAgeofMigrationandaprofessorofpoliticalscienceattheUniversityofDelaware,toldmerecently.

Itisdifficulttothinkofanygreateventsthatdidnotinvolvemigration.Religionsspawnedpilgrimsorsettlers;warsdroverefugeesbeforethemandmadenewlandavailablefortheconquerors;politicalupheavalsdisplacedthousandsormillions;economicinnovationsdrewworkersandentrepreneurslikemagnets;environmentaldisasterslikefamineordiseasepushedtheirbedraggledsurvivorsanywheretheycouldreplanthope.“It’spartofournature,thismovement,”Millersaid,“It’sjustafactofthehumancondition.”

1.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECT?

2.AccordingtoKingsleyDavis,migrationoccursasaresultofthefollowingreasonsEXCEPT______.

3.WhichofthefollowinggroupsisNOTmentionedasmigrantsinthepassage?

4.Thereseemstobea(n)______relationshipbetweengreateventsandmigration.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Migrationexertsagreatimpactonpopulationchange.

B.MigrationcontributestoMankind’sprogress.

C.Migrationbringsaboutdesirableandundesirableeffects

D.Migrationmaynotbeaccompaniedbyhumanconflicts.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.humanadaptability

B.humanevolution

C.culturaldifferences

D.inter-groupinequalities

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Farmers.

B.Workers.

C.Settlers.

D.Colonizers.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.loose

B.indefinite

C.causal

D.remote

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:C

【解析】1.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“下列哪個(gè)陳述是不正確的？”。根據(jù)第三段第一句Migrationisthedynamicundertowofpopulationchange:everyone’ssolution,everyone’sconflict.（移民是人口變化的動(dòng)態(tài)的潛在影響：每個(gè)人的解決方案，每個(gè)人的沖突）可知，A項(xiàng)“人口遷移對(duì)人口變化有很大的影響”正確，而D項(xiàng)“移民可能不會(huì)伴隨著人類沖突”與原文不符；由第三段最后一句Asthecenturyturns,migration,withitsinevitableeconomicandpoliticalturmoil,hasbeencalled“oneofthegreatestchallengesofthecomingcentury.”（隨著世紀(jì)之交的到來(lái)，移民及其不可避免的經(jīng)濟(jì)和政治動(dòng)蕩被稱為“下個(gè)世紀(jì)最大的挑戰(zhàn)之一”）以及第四段最后一句Migrationhelpedcreatehumans,droveustoconquertheplanet,shapedoursocieties,andpromisestoreshapethemagain.（移民幫助創(chuàng)造了人類，驅(qū)使我們征服這個(gè)星球，塑造了我們的社會(huì)，并有望再次重塑它們）可知，B項(xiàng)“移民有助于人類的進(jìn)步”和C項(xiàng)“移民帶來(lái)了有利和不利的影響”都符合原文。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

2.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“根據(jù)KingsleyDavis的說(shuō)法，移民的發(fā)生是由于以下原因，除了……”。根據(jù)文章第七段TodemographerKingsleyDavis,twothingsmademigrationhappen.First,humanbeings,withtheirtoolsandlanguage,couldadapttodifferentconditionswithouthavingtowaitforevolutiontomakethemsuitableforanewniche.Second,aspopulationsgrew,culturesbegantodiffer,andinequalitiesdevelopedbetweengroups.（在人口統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)家KingsleyDavis看來(lái)，有兩件事促成了移民的發(fā)生。首先，人類可以用他們的工具和語(yǔ)言來(lái)適應(yīng)不同的環(huán)境，而不必等待進(jìn)化使他們適應(yīng)新的環(huán)境。其次，隨著人口的增長(zhǎng)，文化開(kāi)始出現(xiàn)差異，不同群體之間的不平等也在發(fā)展。）可知，移民發(fā)生的原因包括人類的適應(yīng)性和文化的差異以及不同群體之間的不平等，A項(xiàng)“人類的適應(yīng)能力”、C項(xiàng)“文化差異”和D項(xiàng)“部落之間的不平等”都是其中的原因，只有B項(xiàng)“人類進(jìn)化”未提及。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

3.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“下列哪個(gè)群體在文章中沒(méi)有提到是移民？”。最后一段講述了幾起重大事件引起的人口遷移：Religionsspawnedpilgrimsorsettlers;warsdroverefugeesbeforethemandmadenewlandavailablefortheconquerors;politicalupheavalsdisplacedthousandsormillions;economicinnovationsdrewworkersandentrepreneurslikemagnets;environmentaldisasterslikefamineordiseasepushedtheirbedraggledsurvivorsanywheretheycouldreplanthope.（宗教催生了朝圣者或定居者；戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)把難民趕到了他們面前，為征服者提供了新的土地；政治動(dòng)蕩使成千上萬(wàn)人流離失所；經(jīng)濟(jì)創(chuàng)新像磁鐵一樣吸引著工人和企業(yè)家；像饑荒或疾病這樣的環(huán)境災(zāi)難把他們臟兮兮的生還者推到任何他們可以重新種植希望的地方。），由此可知，B項(xiàng)“工人”、C項(xiàng)“定居者”和D項(xiàng)“殖民者”都是移民的群體，只有A項(xiàng)“農(nóng)民”沒(méi)有被提到。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

4.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“在重大事件和移民之間似乎有一個(gè)……的關(guān)系”。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Whatstrikesmeishowimportantmigrationisasacauseandeffectinthegreatworldevents.”MarkMiller,co-authorofTheAgeofMigrationandaprofessorofpoliticalscienceattheUniversityofDelaware,toldmerecently.（特拉華大學(xué)政治學(xué)教授、《移民時(shí)代》的合著者M(jìn)arkMiller最近告訴我：“讓我震驚的是，移民和世界重大事件是因果關(guān)系?！保┛芍?，C項(xiàng)“因果”正確；A項(xiàng)“松散的”、B項(xiàng)“不確定的”和D項(xiàng)“遙遠(yuǎn)的”都不準(zhǔn)確。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

Especiallyimportanttomanypeople（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.thereislegislationagainstpollution

B.islegislationagainstpollution

C.itislegislationagainstpollution

D.legislationagainstpollutionis

【答案】B

【解析】語(yǔ)法題?？疾榈寡b。Especially位于句首時(shí)，句子可倒裝，因此可把表語(yǔ)和系動(dòng)詞提前，故B項(xiàng)正確。句意：對(duì)許多人來(lái)說(shuō)，尤其重要的是立法防止污染。

8.單選題

Keplerreconciledastronomywithphysics,andsubstitutedforfictitiousclockworkauniverseofmaterialbodiesnotunliketheearth,freelyfloatingandturninginspace,movedbyforces（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.actedonthem

B.beingactedonit

C.actingonthem

D.havingactedonit

【答案】C

【解析】考查語(yǔ)法知識(shí)。句意：開(kāi)普勒綜合了天文學(xué)和物理學(xué)，用宇宙中與地球相似的實(shí)質(zhì)天體替換了虛構(gòu)的運(yùn)行規(guī)律，這些天體在天空中自由運(yùn)動(dòng)、旋轉(zhuǎn)，由作用在他們上面的力驅(qū)動(dòng)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。本題考查的是分詞做后置定語(yǔ)的用法，force與them是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，因此act用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

9.單選題

ItisincongruousthatthenumberofBritishinstitutionsofferingMBAcoursesshouldhavegrownby254percentduringaperiodwhentheeconomyhasbeenslidingintodeeperrecession.Optimists,orthosegiventospeed,assumptions,mightthinkitmarveloustohavesucharesourceofbusinessschoolgraduatesreadyfortherecovery.Unfortunately,thereisnowmuchdoubtaboutthevalueofthedegreenotleastamongMBAgraduatesthemselves,sufferingastheyarefromtheeffectsofrecessionandfacingtheprospectofshrinkingmanagementstructures.

Whatwastakensomeyearsagoasaticketofcertainadmissiontosuccessisnowbeingexposedtothescrutinyofcost-consciousemployerswhoseek“can-dos”ratherthan“might-dos”,andwhofeelthatacademiahasnotbeensufficientlyappreciativeoftheneedsofindustryoroftheemployers’possiblecontribution.

Itiscurious,giventhenameofthedegree,thatthereshouldbenoleaguetableforUKbusinessschools;nounanimityaboutwhatthedegreeshouldencompass;andnoagreedsystemofaccreditation.Surelythereissomethingwrong.Onewonderswhereallthetutorsforthismassiveinfusionofbusinessexpertisecamefromandwhyallthismushroomingtookplace.

Perhapscompaniesthatmadelargeinvestmentswouldhavebeenwisertoinvestinalreadyexistingmanagers,perchedanxiouslyontheirowninternalladders.TheInstituteofManagement’s1992survey,