書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-北京電子科技職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

I'veheardthatyouaregoingto（

）theboss'sjobwhensheretires.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.putupwith

B.putinfor

C.putoutto

D.putinon

【答案】B

【解析】詞組辨析題。A選項(xiàng)putupwith“忍受，容忍”；B選項(xiàng)putinfor“申請(qǐng)”；C選項(xiàng)putoutto“拿出去”；D選項(xiàng)putinon沒(méi)有此搭配。句意：我聽(tīng)說(shuō)你打算在老板退休后申請(qǐng)（接替）她的職位。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

2.單選題

TheInternethasbeenaroundforanalmostequalamountoftimeasmostformsofmedia,butonlyrecently（）apopularwayofretrievinginformation.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.hasitbecome

B.ithasbecame

C.itbecomes

D.doesitbecome

【答案】A

【解析】語(yǔ)法知識(shí)。根據(jù)only可知這里應(yīng)該用倒裝，首先排除選項(xiàng)B和C；填空處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生影響，所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

3.單選題

Itisacommonplaceamongmoraliststhatyoucannotgethappinessbypursuingit.Thisisonlytrueifyoupursueit_21_.GamblersatMonteCarloarepursuingmoney,andmostofthemloseitinstead,butthereareotherwaysofpursuingmoney,whichoften_22_.Soitiswithhappiness.Ifyoupursueit_23_drink,youareforgettingthehangover.Epicuruspursueditbylivingonlyincongenialsocietyandeatingonlydrybread,_24_byalittlecheeseonfeastdays.Hismethodprovedsuccessfulinhiscase,buthewasavaletudinarian(體弱多病的人)andmostpeoplewouldneedsomethingmore_25_.Formostpeople,thepursuitofhappiness,_26_supplementedinvariousways,istooabstractandtheoreticaltobe_27_asapersonalruleoflife.ButIthinkthat_28_personalruleoflifeyoumaychooseitshouldnot,exceptinrareandheroiccases,be_29_withhappiness.

Thereareagreatmanypeoplewhohaveallthe_30_conditionsofhappiness,i.e.healthandasufficientincome,andwho,_31_,areprofoundlyunhappy.Insuchcasesitwouldseemasifthe__32_mustliewithawrongtheoryastohowtolive.Inonesense,wemaysaythatanytheoryastohowtoliveiswrong.Weimagineourselvesmoredifferentfromtheanimalsthanweare.Animalsliveon_33_,andarehappyaslongasexternalconditionsare_34_.Ifyouhaveacatitwillenjoylifeifithasfoodandwarmthandopportunitiesforan_35_nightonthetiles.Yourneedsaremorecomplexthanthoseofyourcat,buttheystillhavetheirbasisininstinct.Incivilizedsocieties,especiallyinEnglish-speakingsocieties,thisistoo_36_tobeforgotten.Peopleproposetothemselvessomeoneparamountobjective,and_37_allimpulsesthatdonotministertoit.Abusinessmanmaybeso__38_togrowrichthattothisendhe__39_healthandprivateaffections.Whenatlasthehasbecomerich,no_40_remainstohimexceptharrying(折磨)otherpeoplebyexhortationstoimitatehisnobleexample.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.eagerly

B.reasonably

C.reluctantly

D.unwisely

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.succeed

B.enrich

C.win

D.defeat

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.attheexpenseof

B.bymeansof

C.inneedof

D.forfearof

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.compensated

B.supplemented

C.accompanied

D.accumulated

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.prosperous

B.rigorous

C.vigorous

D.gorgeous

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.even

B.though

C.unless

D.if

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.extravagant

B.deficient

C.excessive

D.adequate

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.whatever

B.whenever

C.however

D.whoever

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.incomparable

B.incompatible

C.incapable

D.incredible

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.spiritual

B.material

C.economical

D.social

問(wèn)題11選項(xiàng)

A.nevertheless

B.therefore

C.otherwise

D.hence

問(wèn)題12選項(xiàng)

A.flaw

B.error

C.defect

D.fault

問(wèn)題13選項(xiàng)

A.intelligence

B.imitation

C.impulse

D.impression

問(wèn)題14選項(xiàng)

A.vulnerable

B.conceivable

C.endurable

D.favorable

問(wèn)題15選項(xiàng)

A.enthusiastic

B.occasional

C.indifferent

D.underlying

問(wèn)題16選項(xiàng)

A.abrupt

B.absurd

C.acute

D.apt

問(wèn)題17選項(xiàng)

A.hinder

B.restrain

C.refrain

D.abolish

問(wèn)題18選項(xiàng)

A.anxious

B.obvious

C.suspicious

D.cautious

問(wèn)題19選項(xiàng)

A.abandons

B.cherishes

C.sacrifices

D.reconciles

問(wèn)題20選項(xiàng)

A.pleasure

B.property

C.interest

D.opportunities

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:C

第6題:B

第7題:D

第8題:A

第9題:B

第10題:B

第11題:A

第12題:C

第13題:C

第14題:D

第15題:B

第16題:D

第17題:B

第18題:A

第19題:C

第20題:A

【解析】21.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】句間邏輯題。A選項(xiàng)eagerly“急切地”；B選項(xiàng)reasonably“合理地”；C選項(xiàng)reluctantly“不情愿地”；D選項(xiàng)unwisely“不明智地”。句意：只有當(dāng)你（）追求它時(shí)，這才是真的。根據(jù)上文說(shuō)道德學(xué)家認(rèn)為人們不可能通過(guò)幸福而獲得幸福，本句通過(guò)轉(zhuǎn)折詞only可知，作者不太認(rèn)同這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)，下文他舉了一個(gè)賭徒為了錢(qián)去賭錢(qián)結(jié)果反而輸?shù)翦X(qián)的例子，所以這里答案應(yīng)該填D選項(xiàng)“不明智地”，作者認(rèn)為只有人們用不明智的方法才會(huì)不能通過(guò)追求幸福來(lái)得到幸福。

22.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】句間邏輯題。A選項(xiàng)succeed“成功”；B選項(xiàng)enrich“使充實(shí)”；C選項(xiàng)win“贏得”；D選項(xiàng)defeat“打敗”。句意：但是，這里有很多追求金錢(qián)的方式，這些方式（）。上文提到賭徒為了錢(qián)去賭錢(qián)結(jié)果反而輸?shù)翦X(qián)，這句通過(guò)轉(zhuǎn)折詞but可知如果去尋求其他方法他們可能會(huì)成功，所以答案選A選項(xiàng)。這里不是指尋找其他賭錢(qián)的方式來(lái)贏錢(qián)，而是尋找其他方式成功的達(dá)到求財(cái)?shù)哪繕?biāo)，所以C選項(xiàng)不選。

23.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】句間邏輯題。A選項(xiàng)attheexpenseof“以……為代價(jià)”；B選項(xiàng)bymeansof“用，依靠”；C選項(xiàng)inneedof“需要……時(shí)”；D選項(xiàng)forfearof“恐怕”?？崭袂懊娴木渥邮侨绻阕非笏繕?biāo)），空格后面的單詞是酗酒，而該句的主句是你可能忘記了宿醉的痛苦，從這里可以推測(cè)我們通過(guò)酗酒來(lái)達(dá)成自己的目標(biāo)，兩個(gè)句子之間存在目的-方式關(guān)系，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)只有選項(xiàng)B符合題意，所以答案選B。

24【試題答案】B

【試題解析】關(guān)聯(lián)上下文題。A選項(xiàng)compensated“補(bǔ)償”；B選項(xiàng)supplemented“補(bǔ)充，增補(bǔ)”；C選項(xiàng)accompanied“陪伴，伴隨”；D選項(xiàng)accumulated“累積”。上文提到伊壁鳩魯追求幸福的方法是只與志趣相投的人生活在一起，只吃干面包，空格后面是說(shuō)在節(jié)日吃一點(diǎn)奶酪，兩個(gè)成分都是和吃有關(guān)，后文是對(duì)前文進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)調(diào)，強(qiáng)調(diào)伊壁鳩魯通過(guò)簡(jiǎn)樸的生活來(lái)追求幸福只有在節(jié)假日時(shí)放松一下，所以答案選B，在節(jié)假日補(bǔ)充一點(diǎn)奶酪。

25.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】句間邏輯題。A選項(xiàng)prosperous“繁榮的，興盛的”；B選項(xiàng)rigorous“嚴(yán)格的，嚴(yán)厲的”；C選項(xiàng)vigorous“有活力的”；D選項(xiàng)gorgeous“華麗的”。上文提到他（伊壁鳩魯）按照自己的方法成功了，這里有個(gè)but表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系并說(shuō)明伊壁鳩魯身體不是很健康，所以這里指出伊壁鳩魯?shù)姆椒ú痪邆淦者m性，這里valetudinarian（體弱多病的人）與C選項(xiàng)相對(duì)，所以答案選C。

26.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】句間邏輯題。A選項(xiàng)even“即使”；B選項(xiàng)though“盡管”；C選項(xiàng)unless“除非”；D選項(xiàng)if“如果”。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析空格處是狀語(yǔ)對(duì)句子意思起補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明的作用，插入語(yǔ)的意思是（追求幸福）有很多方法，主句的意思是追求幸福對(duì)大多數(shù)人來(lái)說(shuō)這些方法太過(guò)于抽象而不能……，從這里可知兩個(gè)句子之間存在著讓步關(guān)系，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中表示讓步關(guān)系的只有B選項(xiàng)，所以答案選B。

27.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】句間邏輯題。A選項(xiàng)extravagant“奢侈的，浪費(fèi)的”；B選項(xiàng)deficient“不足的，缺乏的”；C選項(xiàng)excessive“過(guò)多的”；D選項(xiàng)adequate“足夠的”。句意：追求幸福太抽象而不（）作為個(gè)人生活的準(zhǔn)則。根據(jù)文章中的too…to（太……而不能）可知這里句子中間是存在著因果關(guān)系的，這里句中已經(jīng)存在否定意義了所以選詞需要填肯定詞，答案需要選D選項(xiàng)，句意為追求幸福太抽象而不足以作為個(gè)人生活的準(zhǔn)則。

28.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】語(yǔ)法題。A選項(xiàng)whatever“無(wú)論什么”；B選項(xiàng)whenever“無(wú)論何時(shí)”；C選項(xiàng)however“然而”；D選項(xiàng)whoever“無(wú)論是誰(shuí)”。句意：但是我認(rèn)為（）你可能選擇哪種生活準(zhǔn)則……。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)空格處的意思應(yīng)該填“無(wú)論”，根據(jù)空格后面的詞語(yǔ)是personallife是物不是人所以答案不能選D，分析句子里面的成分youmaychoose后面缺賓語(yǔ)所以不能選連接副詞，所以不能選B、C；答案選A。

29.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】句間邏輯題。A選項(xiàng)incomparable“無(wú)比的”；B選項(xiàng)incompatible“不相容的，矛盾的”；C選項(xiàng)incapable“不能勝任的”；D選項(xiàng)incredible“難以置信的”。句意：但是我認(rèn)為（）你可能選擇哪種生活準(zhǔn)則……根據(jù)上文中的But可知，這里的句意是和前文存在轉(zhuǎn)折的。前文有說(shuō)到單單是追求幸福是不足以成為個(gè)人的生活準(zhǔn)則，但是無(wú)論你選擇哪種生活準(zhǔn)則都不應(yīng)該與幸福（），這里存在轉(zhuǎn)折意思的話，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)應(yīng)該填B選項(xiàng)，意為不應(yīng)該與幸福相沖突。

30.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】句間邏輯題。A選項(xiàng)spiritual“精神的”；B選項(xiàng)material“物質(zhì)的”；C選項(xiàng)economical“節(jié)約的”；D選項(xiàng)social“社會(huì)的”。句意：有很多人擁有幸福的（）條件。根據(jù)后文關(guān)鍵詞i.e.說(shuō)明后文對(duì)前文起解釋說(shuō)明的作用。健康和足夠的收入總的來(lái)說(shuō)都是物質(zhì)條件，所以答案選B選項(xiàng)。

31.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】句間邏輯題。A選項(xiàng)nevertheless“然而”；B選項(xiàng)therefore“因此”；C選項(xiàng)otherwise“否則”；D選項(xiàng)hence“因此”。句意：有很多人具備獲得幸福的所有條件，即健康的身體和充足的收入，他們（）非常不快樂(lè)。這里and連接兩個(gè)并列的定語(yǔ)從句修飾people，第一個(gè)描述人們擁有獲得幸福足夠的物質(zhì)條件，第二個(gè)從句內(nèi)容是人們不開(kāi)心，兩個(gè)從句中間存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所以答案選A選項(xiàng)。

32.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】句間邏輯題。A選項(xiàng)flaw“瑕疵，缺點(diǎn)”；B選項(xiàng)error“錯(cuò)誤”；C選項(xiàng)defect“缺陷”；D選項(xiàng)fault“故障，毛病”。句意：在這種情況下，似乎（）的原因和關(guān)于如何生活的錯(cuò)誤理論相關(guān)。這里的such指的是人們物質(zhì)條件很豐富，但是卻不開(kāi)心。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中Flaw是指的缺點(diǎn)，缺陷，一般指性格上的弱點(diǎn)，而error和fault都有錯(cuò)誤，犯錯(cuò)的意思，物質(zhì)條件豐富但是不開(kāi)心不是一種缺點(diǎn)，也不是一種錯(cuò)誤，可能是一種毛病，所以答案選C。

33.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】句間邏輯題。A選項(xiàng)intelligence“智力”；B選項(xiàng)imitation“模仿”；C選項(xiàng)impulse“沖動(dòng)”；D選項(xiàng)impression“印象”。句意：動(dòng)物靠（）生活。句子后面有個(gè)and，兩句是并列關(guān)系，后文的內(nèi)容主要是有食物，環(huán)境溫暖動(dòng)物就會(huì)很開(kāi)心，食物和環(huán)境與智力、想象、印象都沒(méi)有太大的關(guān)系，所以答案選C。動(dòng)物靠刺激生活，所以只要有食物就會(huì)很開(kāi)心。

34.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】句間邏輯題。A選項(xiàng)vulnerable“珍貴的”；B選項(xiàng)conceivable“可想象的”；C選項(xiàng)endurable“可忍受的”；D選項(xiàng)favorable“有利的，良好的”。從關(guān)鍵詞if可知，if引導(dǎo)的句子是對(duì)上句的解釋說(shuō)明，如果有食物且環(huán)境足夠溫暖，貓就會(huì)很開(kāi)心，所以前面的概括的句子就是只要外部條件合適動(dòng)物就會(huì)很開(kāi)心，所以答案選D。

35.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】句間邏輯題。A選項(xiàng)enthusiastic“熱情的”；B選項(xiàng)occasional“偶然的”；C選項(xiàng)indifferent“冷淡的”；D選項(xiàng)underlying“潛在的”。句意：有機(jī)會(huì)在（）晚上能夠?qū)g作樂(lè)。從關(guān)鍵詞可知這個(gè)分句和上個(gè)分句是并列成分，上個(gè)分句是說(shuō)只要有食物且環(huán)境足夠溫暖，貓就會(huì)很開(kāi)心，這里需要填在（）晚上可以尋歡作樂(lè)，所以答案可以排除C、D選項(xiàng)，它們不能修飾night；這里有個(gè)定冠詞an，如果選A就是在一個(gè)狂熱的晚上的尋歡作樂(lè)，但是opportunities是復(fù)數(shù)連接在一起會(huì)造成語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤，所以答案選B。

36.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】關(guān)聯(lián)上下文題。A選項(xiàng)abrupt“突然的”；B選項(xiàng)absurd“荒唐的”；C選項(xiàng)acute“嚴(yán)重的，尖銳的”；D選項(xiàng)apt“恰當(dāng)?shù)摹?。句意：在文明社?huì)，尤其是英語(yǔ)社會(huì)，這是太（）而被忘記了。this指代的是前面theystillhavetheirbasisininstinct（所說(shuō)的但是這些（需求）在本能上有其存在的基礎(chǔ)）所提到的they，而這里的they指的是前文中動(dòng)物所需的食物和環(huán)境。動(dòng)物只要食物足夠環(huán)境合適就會(huì)很開(kāi)心，但是人類的需求卻比動(dòng)物復(fù)雜得多，但是這些基本需求有其存在的基礎(chǔ)，這些需求太過(guò)于簡(jiǎn)單而被人所遺忘，所以答案選D。（這里的to是與apt搭配成為beaptto“傾向于”而不是與too搭配成為too...to“太……而不能”）。

37.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】句間邏輯題。A選項(xiàng)hinder“隱藏”；B選項(xiàng)restrain“抑制，控制”；C選項(xiàng)refrain“節(jié)制”；D選項(xiàng)abolish“廢除”。句意：并（）一切不利于它的沖動(dòng)。這里根據(jù)句子前面的關(guān)鍵詞and可知這句句意和上句句意是并列補(bǔ)充作用的，上句是人們給自己設(shè)定了一個(gè)最高目標(biāo)，所以這句應(yīng)該是人們抑制了一切不利于這個(gè)目標(biāo)的沖動(dòng)，答案在B、C中選，C選項(xiàng)是不及物動(dòng)詞不能直接接賓語(yǔ)，所以答案選B。

38.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】句間邏輯題。A選項(xiàng)anxious“焦慮”；B選項(xiàng)obvious“明顯的”；C選項(xiàng)suspicious“可疑的”；D選項(xiàng)cautious“謹(jǐn)慎的”。句意：商人很焦慮自己是否變得富有，所以為了達(dá)到這個(gè)目的……。從句中的so...that可知這里的句子與后面的句子形成因果關(guān)系。為了達(dá)到這個(gè)目的商人犧牲了自己的健康，所以這里填A(yù)選項(xiàng)。如果是商人懷疑自己是否能變富有那么他們做的事情不是犧牲健康而是探究自己是否會(huì)變富裕，所以答案選A。

39.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】句間邏輯題。A選項(xiàng)abandons“拋棄”；B選項(xiàng)cherishes“珍視”；C選項(xiàng)sacrifices“犧牲”；D選項(xiàng)reconciles“和解”。句意：商人很焦慮自己是否變得富有，所以為了達(dá)到這個(gè)目的他（）他的健康和情感。根據(jù)前文中的tothisend，這里與前文存在因果關(guān)系，為了變得富裕，他（）他的健康和私人情感。根據(jù)后文中的Harrying可知這里這個(gè)商人是犧牲了健康和情感來(lái)?yè)Q取的私人財(cái)富，所以答案選C。

40.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】關(guān)聯(lián)上下文題。A選項(xiàng)pleasure“快樂(lè)，希望”；B選項(xiàng)property“財(cái)產(chǎn)”；C選項(xiàng)interest“興趣”；D選項(xiàng)opportunities“機(jī)遇”。句意：當(dāng)最終他變得富有，沒(méi)有留下（），從這里的except可知，兩個(gè)句子之間存在著轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，后面句意是除了通過(guò)苦勸別人模仿他來(lái)折磨別人。這里折磨別人得到的不會(huì)是機(jī)會(huì)、利益或者財(cái)產(chǎn)，只可能是通過(guò)折磨別人滿足自己的惡趣味，所以答案選A。

4.單選題

Thegirlhadan（）mannerwhichmadeherverypopularatschool.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.insoutiant

B.insouciant

C.insousant

D.insuciant

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。B選項(xiàng)insouciant“漫不經(jīng)心的，漠不關(guān)心的；無(wú)憂無(wú)慮的”；A，C和D這三項(xiàng)在英語(yǔ)中不存在。句意：這個(gè)女孩有著無(wú)憂無(wú)慮的舉止，這讓她在學(xué)校很受歡迎。結(jié)合句意，B選項(xiàng)正確。

5.翻譯題

Whileithasgraduallybeenintegratedintotheglobalsupplychain,China’smanufacturingsectorhashadtoconfrontenormouschallenges.Intermsofcapacityforscientificandtechnologicalinnovation,Chinaranks28thoutof49majorcountriesaroundtheglobe.WiththatrankingChinaisnotonlybehindthedevelopedworld,butalsobehindBrazil,Indiaandsomeotherdevelopingcountries.Inrecentyears,withgrowingamountsofdirectforeigninvestmentandtheadventofglobalization,multinationalshavequickenedthepaceoftechnologytransfers,affordingthecountryanopportunitytolearnthelatesttechnologies.

【答案】雖然中國(guó)已經(jīng)逐漸進(jìn)入全球供應(yīng)鏈，但其制造業(yè)不得不面對(duì)巨大的挑戰(zhàn)。就科技創(chuàng)新能力而言，中國(guó)在全球49個(gè)主要國(guó)家中排名第28位。按照這樣的排名，中國(guó)不僅落后于發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家，而且落后于巴西、印度和其他一些發(fā)展中國(guó)家。近年來(lái)，隨著外商直接投資的增加和全球化的到來(lái)，跨國(guó)公司加快了技術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)讓步伐，為中國(guó)提供了學(xué)習(xí)最新技術(shù)的機(jī)會(huì)。

6.單選題

Icanappreciatethe（

）thatpromptsyoutomakethisoffer.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.magnet

B.intellect

C.motion

D.motive

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。magnet意為“磁鐵，磁石”；intellect意為“智力，理解力”；motion意為“運(yùn)動(dòng)”；motive意為“動(dòng)機(jī)，原因”。

句意：我能理解促使你做出這個(gè)提議的動(dòng)機(jī)。

7.單選題

Beingsomewhatshort-sighted,Sallyhasdevelopedthehabitof

atpeople.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.peering

B.gazing

C.glancing

D.scanning

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。四個(gè)單詞均有“看”的意思，但又有區(qū)別。Peer指當(dāng)看不清時(shí)仔細(xì)去端詳；gaze表示由于對(duì)某事物感興趣或者驚訝而注視；glance表示快速地瞥一眼；scan表示非常仔細(xì)地察看某事物。根據(jù)前半句的意思“由于她近視”，因此可知選項(xiàng)A符合題意。句意：由于有點(diǎn)近視，薩麗養(yǎng)成了盯著他人看的習(xí)慣。

8.單選題

Theratiooftheworkdonebythemachine（

）theworkdoneonitiscalledtheefficiencyofthemachine.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.against

B.with

C.to

D.for

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。theratioofAtoB表示“A與B之比”。句意：機(jī)械所做的功與其受到的功之比稱為機(jī)械的效率。答案C

9.單選題

He（）himselfbitterlyforhismiserablebehaviorthatevening.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.repealed

B.resented

C.replayed

D.reproached

【答案】D

【解析】reproachsb.forsth.為某事斥責(zé)某人。句意：他為那天晚上的卑鄙行為狠狠地責(zé)備了自己。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

10.單選題

Allthedoctor’seffortswere______andthepatientsoondied.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.intears

B.invain

C.inturn

D.inall

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)intears“流著淚”；B選項(xiàng)invain“無(wú)效”；C選項(xiàng)inturn“輪流；依次；反過(guò)來(lái)”；D選項(xiàng)inall“總共，合計(jì)”。句意：醫(yī)生的所有努力都是______，病人很快就死了。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，醫(yī)生的努力沒(méi)有成功救回病人，invain“無(wú)效”符合題意。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

11.單選題

Immigrantsofallracesinthisareaaredemandingthattheyreceive()treatmentfromtheauthorities.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.unique

B.united

C.uniform

D.universal

【答案】C

【解析】句意：這個(gè)地區(qū)所有種族的移民都要求得到當(dāng)局的統(tǒng)一對(duì)待。unique獨(dú)一無(wú)二的；united團(tuán)結(jié)的，統(tǒng)一的；uniform一致的，相同的；universal普遍的，通用的。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

12.單選題

Thesegoodsaresoldatreducedprices,（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.thedefectsarepointedouttothecustomers

B.thedefectspointedouttothecustomers

C.thedefectshavebeenpointedouttothecustomers

D.thedefectsbeingpointedouttothecustomers

【答案】D

【解析】考查獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)?，F(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)做狀語(yǔ)，起補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明的作用。選項(xiàng)A，B，C結(jié)構(gòu)完整，如果放于句中缺少連詞，所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

13.單選題

Iamcautiously（）thatanewgovernmentwillbeconcernedandawareabouttheenvironment.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.optimistic

B.hostile

C.cynical

D.doubtful

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。optimistic“樂(lè)觀的”；hostile“敵對(duì)的”；cynical“憤世嫉俗的”；doubtful“可疑的”。句意：對(duì)于新政府是否會(huì)關(guān)注環(huán)境問(wèn)題，我持謹(jǐn)慎的______態(tài)度。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息cautiously可知選項(xiàng)A符合題意，“樂(lè)觀態(tài)度”。

14.單選題

Manyobjectsindailyusehaveclearlybeeninfluencedbyscience,buttheirformand

function,theirdimensionsandappearance,weredeterminedbytechnologists,artisans,designers,inventors,andengineers-usingnon-scientificmodesofthought.Manyfeaturesandqualitiesoftheobjectsthatatechnologistthinksaboutcannotbereducedtounambiguousverbaldescriptions;theyaredealtwithinthemindbyavisual,nonverbalprocess.InthedevelopmentofWesterntechnology,ithasbeennon-verbalthinking,byandlarge,thathasfixedtheoutlinesandfilledinthedetailsofourmaterialsurroundings.Pyramids,cathedrals,androcketsexistnotbecauseofgeometryorthermodynamics,butbecausetheywerefirstapictureinthemindsofthosewhobuiltthem.Thecreativeshapingprocessofatechnologist'smindcanbeseeninnearlyeveryartifactthatexists.Forexample,indesigningadieselengine,atechnologistmightimpressindividualwaysofnonverbalthinkingonthemachinebycontinuallyusinganintuitivesenseofrightnessandfitness.Whatwouldbetheshapeofthecombustionchamber?Whereshouldthevalvesbeplaced?Shouldithavealongorshortpiston?Suchquestionshavearangeofanswersthataresuppliedbyexperience,byphysicalrequirements,bylimitationsofavailablespace,andnotleastbyasenseofform.Somedecisionssuchaswallthicknessandpindiameter,maydependonscientificcalculations,butthenonscientificcomponentofdesignremainsprimary.

Designcourses,then,shouldbeanessentialelementinengineeringcurricula.Nonverbalthinking,acentralmechanisminengineeringdesign,involvesperceptions,thestock-in-tradeoftheartist,notthescientist.Becauseperceptiveprocessesarenotassumedtoentail“hardthinking,”nonverbalthoughtissometimesseenasaprimitivestageinthedevelopmentofcognitiveprocessesandinferiortoverbalormathematicalthought.ButitisparadoxicalthatwhenthestaffoftheHistoricAmericanEngineeringRecordwishedtohavedrawingsmadeofmachinesandisometricviewsofindustrialprocessesforitshistoricalrecordofAmericanengineering,theonlycollegestudentswiththerequisitestudentswiththerequisiteabilitieswerenotengineeringstudents,butratherstudentsattendingarchitecturalschools.

Itcoursesindesign,whichinastronglyanalyticalengineeringcurriculumprovidethebackgroundrequiredforpracticalproblem-solving,arenotprovided,wecanexpecttoencountersillybutcostlyerrorsoccurringinadvancedengineeringsystems.Forexample,earlymodelsofhigh-speedrailroadcarsloadedwithsophisticatedcontrolswereunabletooperateinasnowstormbecauseafansuckedsnowintotheelectricalsystem.Absurdrandomfailuresthatplagueautomaticcontrolsystemsarenotmerelytrivialaberrations;theyareareflectionofthechaosthatresultswhendesignisassumedtobeprimarilyaprobleminmathematics.

1.Inthepassage,theauthorisprimarilyconcernedwith（

）

2.Itcanbeinferredthattheauthorthinksengineeringcurriculaare（

）

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestillustratesthemainpointofthefirstpassage?

4.Whichofthefollowingstatementswouldbestserveasanintroductiontothepassage?

5.TheauthorcallsthepredicamentfacedbytheHistoricAmericanEngineeringRecord“paradoxical”(lines22)mostprobablybecause（

）

6.Accordingtothepassagerandomfailuresinautomaticcontrolsystemsare“notmerelytrivialaberrations”(lines32)because（

）

7.Theauthorusestheexampleoftheearlymodelsofhigh-speedrailroadcarsprimarilyto（

）

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.identifyingthekindsofthinkingthatareusedbytechnologists

B.stressingtheimportanceofnonverbalthinkinginengineeringdesign

C.proposinganewrolefornonscientificthinkinginthedevelopmentoftechnology

D.contrastingthegoalsofengineerswiththoseoftechnologists

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.strengthenedwhentheyincludecourseindesign

B.weakenedbythesubstitutionofphysicalsciencecoursesforcoursesdesignedtodevelopmathematicalskills

C.strongbecausenonverbalthinkingisstillemphasizedbymostofthecourses

D.strongdespitetheerrorsthatgraduatesofsuchcurriculahavemadeinthedevelopmentofautomaticcontrolsystems

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Whenamachinelikearotaryenginemalfunctions,itisthetechnologistwhoisbestequippedtorepairit.

B.Eachcomponentofanautomobile-forexample,theengineorthefueltank-hasashapethathasbeenscientificallydeterminedtobebestsuitedtothatcomponent’sfunction.

C.Thedistinctivefeaturesofasuspensionbridgereflectitsdesigner’sconceptualizationaswellasthephysicalrequirementsofitssite.

D.Thedesignerofanewrefrigeratorshouldconsiderthedesignsofotherrefrigeratorsbeforedecidingonitsfinalform.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theassumptionthattheknowledgeincorporatedintechnologicaldevelopmentsmustbederivedfromscienceignoresthemanynonscientificdecisionsmadebytechnologists.

B.Analyticalthoughtisnolongeravitalcomponentinthesuccessoftechnologicaldevelopment.

C.Asknowledgeoftechnologyhasincreasedthetendencyhasbeentolosesightoftheimportantroleplayedbyscientificthoughtinmakingdecisionsaboutform,arrangement,andtexture.

D.Amovementinengineeringcollegestowardatechnician’sdegreereflectsademandforgraduateswhohavethenonverbalreasoningabilitythatwasoncecommonamongengineers.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.thepublicationneededdrawingsthatitsownstaffcouldnotmake.

B.Architecturalschoolsofferedbutdidnotrequireengineeringdesigncoursesfortheirstudents.

C.Engineeringstudentswerenottrainedtomakethetypeofdrawingsneededtorecordthedevelopmentoftheirowndiscipline.

D.Thedrawingsneededweresocomplicatedthatevenstudentsinarchitecturalschoolshaddifficultymakingthem.

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.automaticcontrolsystemsaredesignedbyengineerswhohavelittlepracticalexperienceinthefield.

B.thefailuresarecharacteristicofsystemsdesignedbyengineersrelyingtooheavilyonconceptsinmathematics.

C.thefailuresoccurtoooftentobetakenlightly.

D.designersofautomaticcontrolsystemshavetoolittletrainingintheanalysisofmechanicaldifficulties.

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.weakentheargumentthatmodemengineeringsystemshavemajordefectsbecauseofanabsenceofdesigncoursesinengineeringcurricula.

B.supportthethesisthatthenumberoferrorsinmodemengineeringsystemsislikelytoincrease.

C.illustratetheideathatcoursesindesignarethemosteffectivemeansforreducingthecostofdesigningengineeringsystems.

D.supportthecontentionthatalackofattentiontothenonscientificaspectsofdesignresultsinpoorconceptualizationbyengineers.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:C

第6題:B

第7題:D

【解析】1.根據(jù)文章第一段:InthedevelopmentofWesterntechnology,ithasbeennon-verbalthinking,byandlarge,thathasfixedtheoutlinesandfilledinthedetailsofourmaterialsurroundings.在西方科技的發(fā)展過(guò)程中，大體上是由非言語(yǔ)思維刻畫(huà)了我們物質(zhì)環(huán)境的輪廓并充實(shí)了其中的細(xì)節(jié)。該句強(qiáng)調(diào)“non-verbalthinking”的重要性。所以B選項(xiàng)‘強(qiáng)調(diào)工程設(shè)計(jì)中非語(yǔ)言思維的重要性‘符合題意。

2.根據(jù)題目中的“engineeringcurricula”找到文章的第二段第一句Designcourses,then,shouldbeanessentialelementinengineeringcurricula.因此設(shè)計(jì)課程應(yīng)該成為工程課程中的基本成份?！皊hould”是在該句中意思是“應(yīng)該做”而實(shí)際上確“沒(méi)有做”。所以確定A選項(xiàng)‘強(qiáng)調(diào)在設(shè)計(jì)中包括的課程‘符合題意。

3.根據(jù)文章第一段：InthedevelopmentofWesterntechnology,ithasbeennon-verbalthinking,byandlarge,thathasfixedtheoutlinesandfilledinthedetailsofourmaterialsurroundings.在西方科技的發(fā)展過(guò)程中，大體上是由非言語(yǔ)思維刻畫(huà)了我們物質(zhì)環(huán)境的輪廓并充實(shí)了其中的細(xì)節(jié)。和Somedecisionssuchaswallthicknessandpindiameter,maydependonscientificcalculations,butthenonscientificcomponentofdesignremainsprimary.某一些決定，比如壁厚和銷(xiāo)釘直徑，可能需要由科學(xué)的計(jì)算來(lái)定奪，但設(shè)計(jì)中的非科學(xué)成分仍然是主要的。由此確定C選項(xiàng)‘吊橋的顯著特點(diǎn)反映出設(shè)計(jì)得的概念化與當(dāng)?shù)氐牡乩硖胤项}意。。A選項(xiàng)‘轉(zhuǎn)子發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)這樣的機(jī)械出現(xiàn)故障時(shí)，應(yīng)當(dāng)派最好的技術(shù)人員去維修‘、B選項(xiàng)’汽車(chē)的每個(gè)零件，如：發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)，油箱，都是經(jīng)過(guò)科學(xué)檢測(cè)，與各部分零件是完全匹配兼容的‘和D選項(xiàng)’冰箱的新的設(shè)計(jì)人員在決定最后的方案時(shí)，要參考其它冰箱的設(shè)計(jì)方案‘并沒(méi)有呈現(xiàn)出非語(yǔ)言思維模式，與題意不符。

4.根據(jù)文章第一段：InthedevelopmentofWesterntechnology,ithasbeennon-verbalthinking,byandlarge,thathasfixedtheoutlinesandfilledinthedetailsofourmaterialsurroundings.在西方科技的發(fā)展過(guò)程中，大體上是由非言語(yǔ)思維刻畫(huà)了我們物質(zhì)環(huán)境的輪廓并充實(shí)了其中的細(xì)節(jié)。Somedecisionssuchaswallthicknessandpindiameter,maydependonscientificcalculations,butthenonscientificcomponentofdesignremainsprimary.某一些決定，比如壁厚和銷(xiāo)釘直徑，可能需要由科學(xué)知計(jì)算來(lái)定奪，但設(shè)計(jì)中的非科學(xué)成分仍然是主要的。Nonverbalthinking,acentralmechanisminengineeringdesign,involvesperceptions,thestock-in-tradeoftheartist,notthescientist.非語(yǔ)言思維，這一工程設(shè)計(jì)的核心機(jī)制，包括了感受這一屬于藝術(shù)家的而非科學(xué)家的慣用手段。確定A選項(xiàng)‘如果假設(shè)技術(shù)層面的知識(shí)來(lái)源于科學(xué)，就忽略了許多技術(shù)人員所做非科學(xué)性的決定‘正確。

5.根據(jù)文章第二段：ButitisparadoxicalthatwhenthestaffoftheHistoricAmericanEngineeringRecordwishedtohavedrawingsmadeofmachinesandisometricviewsofindustrialprocessesforitshistoricalrecordofAmericanengineering,theonlycollegestudentswiththerequisitestudentswiththerequisiteabilitieswerenotengineeringstudents,butratherstudentsattendingarchitecturalschools.但令人感到自相矛盾的是，當(dāng)《美國(guó)工程歷史名錄》的工作人員希望得到為其美國(guó)工程歷史記錄而繪制的機(jī)器圖和等比例圖時(shí)，唯一具有所需技能的大學(xué)生不是工程學(xué)大學(xué)生，而是就讀于建筑學(xué)院的大學(xué)生。該句強(qiáng)調(diào)的是“engineeringstudents”在教育方面的缺陷，所以C選項(xiàng)‘工程學(xué)的學(xué)生沒(méi)有接受畫(huà)圖紙的訓(xùn)練，而這一技能是追蹤這一學(xué)科發(fā)展所必需的手段‘正確。

6.根據(jù)文章最后一段：Forexample,earlymodelsofhigh-speedrailroadcarsloadedwithsophisticatedcontrolswereunabletooperateinasnowstormbecauseafansuckedsnowintotheelectricalsystem.比如，裝載了精密控制設(shè)備的早期高速鐵路車(chē)輛模型不能在暴風(fēng)雪中正常運(yùn)行，原因是一個(gè)風(fēng)扇將雪吸入到電子系統(tǒng)中。Absurdrandomfailuresthatplagueautomaticcontrolsystemsarenotmerelytrivialaberrations;theyareareflectionofthechaosthatresultswhendesignisassumedtobeprimarilyaprobleminmathematics.干擾著自動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)的荒唐的隨機(jī)故障不是輕微的異常；它們是一種混亂的反映，人們認(rèn)為這種混亂主要在設(shè)計(jì)數(shù)學(xué)方面的問(wèn)題時(shí)就會(huì)產(chǎn)生。確定B選項(xiàng)‘失敗的原因是設(shè)計(jì)這一系統(tǒng)的工程師太過(guò)于依賴數(shù)學(xué)概念’正確。

7.根據(jù)文章最后一段：Itcoursesindesign,whichinastronglyanalyticalengineeringcurriculumprovidethebackgroundrequiredforpracticalproblem-solving,arenotprovided,wecanexpecttoencountersillybutcostlyerrorsoccurringinadvancedengineeringsystems.如果不能開(kāi)設(shè)設(shè)計(jì)課程（它能在一個(gè)高度分析性工程學(xué)課程體系中提供解決實(shí)際問(wèn)題的背景知識(shí)），我們就會(huì)在先進(jìn)的工程系統(tǒng)中遇到愚蠢而同時(shí)會(huì)導(dǎo)致極大損失的錯(cuò)誤。確定D選項(xiàng)‘對(duì)非科學(xué)性的設(shè)計(jì)缺少足夠關(guān)注，從而導(dǎo)致了工程師們構(gòu)想能力的下降’符合題意。

15.單選題

Withaneighty-hourweekandlittleenjoyment,lifemusthavebeenvery（）forthenineteenth-centuryfactoryworkers.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.hostile

B.anxious

C.tedious

D.obscure

【答案】C

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。hostile敵對(duì)的;anxious焦慮的;tedious單調(diào)乏味的,沉悶的;obscure模糊的,隱蔽的。句意：對(duì)于19世紀(jì)的工廠工人來(lái)說(shuō),一周工作80個(gè)小時(shí),幾乎沒(méi)有什么樂(lè)趣,生活一定很乏味。選項(xiàng)C更符合句意。

16.單選題

Ifthethoughtofleavinghomewithoutyourmobilephonecausesyouto（

）coldsweat,youcouldbesufferingfromnomophobia:thefearofhavingnomobilephone.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.breakinto

B.breakout

C.breakthrough

D.breakup

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.breakinto闖入B.breakout爆發(fā)；突發(fā)

C.breakthrough突破；突圍D.breakup打碎；破碎；結(jié)束；解散

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】詞組辨析。

【解題思路】如果離開(kāi)家不帶手機(jī)的想法會(huì)使你……冷汗，你可能患上了無(wú)手機(jī)綜合癥：對(duì)沒(méi)有手機(jī)感到恐懼。由本題句意可知應(yīng)該是冒冷汗，B選項(xiàng)“爆發(fā)；突發(fā)”可引申為該句所需要的含義，因此選B。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、C、D選項(xiàng)均不符合句意。

【句意】如果離開(kāi)家不帶手機(jī)的想法會(huì)使你出一身冷汗，那你可能患上了“無(wú)手機(jī)恐懼癥”：對(duì)沒(méi)有手機(jī)感到恐懼。

17.單選題

Thereisno（）inapplyingforthatjobasyouarenotproperlyqualified.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.reason

B.point

C.result

D.chance

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)reason“理由”；B選項(xiàng)point“要點(diǎn)”；C選項(xiàng)result“結(jié)果”；D選項(xiàng)chance“機(jī)會(huì)”。句意：申請(qǐng)那份工作是沒(méi)有……的，因?yàn)槟悴粔蛸Y格。根據(jù)Thereisnopoint“沒(méi)有必要的”，結(jié)合句意可知，選項(xiàng)B正確。

18.單選題

Youdidn’tputonmoreclothes;otherwiseyou______cold.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.wouldn’thavecaught

B.wouldn’tcatch

C.can’tcatch

D.can’thavecaught

【答案】A

【解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。otherwise表示“否則，要不然”時(shí)，其后的句子應(yīng)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。由Youdidn’tputonmoreclothes可知此處是對(duì)過(guò)去的虛擬，故空格處用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。句意：你沒(méi)有多穿衣服，否則就不會(huì)感冒了。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

19.單選題

HistorianshavelongknownthatthereweretwosidestothePopulistmovementofthe1890s:aprogressiveside,embodyingtheprotestsofformersagainstbigbusiness,andadarkerside,markedbyadistrustofEasterners,immigrants,andintellectuals.Inthe1950s,oneschoolofU.S.socialthinkersconstructedaparallelbetweenthisdarksideofPopulismandthecontemporaryanti-CommunistcrusadespearheadedbyWisconsinSenatorJosephMcCarthy,whichattackedliberalism,Easternintellectuals,andcivillibertiesingeneral.ToSeymourMartinLipset,McCarthyismrepresented“thesourdregsofPopulism”;toEdwardShils,McCarthyism,likePopulism,exemplified“theambiguousAmericanimpulsetoward4directdemocracy.

NothingthatMcCarthyismandPopulismhadbothfoundtheirstrongestsupportintheagrarianMidwest,

LipsetarguedthatvoterswhobackedagrarianprotestmovementsduringearliereconomiccriseshadsupportedMcCarthyinthepost-WorldIIperiodofprosperity.IntheeyesofwriterslikeLipset,theappealofMcCarthyismextendedbeyondtheagrarianbaseofPopulismtoincludeurbangroupssuchasindustrialworkers.Lipsetclaimedthat“thelowerclasses,especiallytheworkers”hadbackedMcCarthy.Inamoresweepingfashion,LewisFeuerclaimedthat“itwastheAmericanlowerclass...whogavetheiroverwhelmingsupporttotheattacksinrecentyearsincivilliberties.”

Writingafewyearslater,politicalscientistMichaelPaulRoginchallengedthesesuperficiallyplausiblenotions,contendingthattheymerelyembodiedthewriters,ownassumptionsaboutthesupposedintoleranceoflowerclassgroups,ratherthanavalidinterpretationofMcCarthyism.Rogincriticallyexaminedtheirassertionsbythesimplemethodoftestingthemagainsttheevidence.HetestedLipset’sclaimsaboutthecontinuityofMcCarthyismandearlieragrarianprotestmovementsbybreakingdownstatewidevotingstatisticsonacounty-by-countybasis.HefoundthatWisconsincountiesthathadvotedstronglyforProgressivesbeforeWorldWarIIdidnotsupportMcCarthy;McCarthy’ssupportwasconcentratedinhishomeregionandinethnicGermanareasthathadbeentraditionallyconservative.TheoldProgressivevotehadinfactgonetoMcCarthy’sopponents,theDemocrats.

TotestLipset’sgeneralizationsaboutMcCarthy’ssupportamongclassgroups,Roginattemptedtodeterminewhetherindustrialworkershad,infact,backedMcCarthy.Correlatingincomeandemploymentstatisticswithvotingrecords,RoginfoundthatthegreatertheemploymentinindustryinagivenWisconsincounty,thelowerwasMcCarthy’sshareofthevote.Roginconcludedthatthethesisof“McCarthyismasPopulism”shouldbejudged“notastheproductofsciencebutasa...ventureintoconservativepoliticaltheory.’’

1.TheauthorwouldprobablyassertthePopulismandMcCarthyism（

）.

2.ItcanbeinferredthatRogin’smostseriouscriticismofLipset,Feuer,andShils’smethodologywouldprobablybethatthey（）.

3.Accordingtothepassage,RoginconcludedthatthewritingsofLipset,ShilsandFeuer（）.

4.Theauthorisprimarilyconcernedwith（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.werecompletelyoppositeincharacter

B.wereresponsesto,respectively,agrarianandindustrialconditions

C.wereessentiallydissimilarmovementsthatsharedsomecommonfeatures

D.eachhadbothaprogressiveandadarkerside

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.reachedincorrectconclusionsaboutMcCarthy

B.failedtoexaminetheevidencethatcouldsupportorweakentheirconclusions

C.equatedsupportforMcCarthyismwithanti-intellectualism

D.