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書山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-咸陽師范學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請謹(jǐn)慎購買!第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Turningcultivatedlandbackintoforestsorpastureisafundamentalwaytostemsoil(

)anddesertificationinthelongrun.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.erosion

B.depletion

C.violation

D.delusion

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。erosion“侵蝕,腐蝕”;depletion“消耗,損耗”;violation“違反”;delusion“欺騙,迷惑”。句意:將耕地退耕為森林或者草原是阻止土壤侵蝕和荒漠化的根本方法。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

2.單選題

Itwasascenethatwouldstayforeverinhismind:thefatherholdinghissonabovethewater,himselfslowly()inthelake,desperatelyawaitingrescue.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.overstepped

B.overflowed

C.subjected

D.submerged

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)overstepped“逾越;超越”;B選項(xiàng)overflowed“溢出”;C選項(xiàng)subjected“使遭受;使從屬”;D選項(xiàng)submerged“淹沒;沉浸”。句意:這一幕將永遠(yuǎn)停留在他心中:父親托舉兒子露出水面,自己卻慢慢……于湖水中,絕望地等待救援。由關(guān)鍵信息abovethewater“在水面上”可以知道父親的身體正淹沒在水中。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

3.單選題

IntheChinesehousehold,grandparentsandotherrelativesplay()rolesin

raisingchildren.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.incapable

B.indispensable

C.insensible

D.infinite

【答案】B

【解析】句意:在中國家庭里,(外)祖父母和其他親戚在撫養(yǎng)孩子的過程中充當(dāng)()的角色。A選項(xiàng)incapable無能力的;B選項(xiàng)indispensable不可缺少的;絕對必要的;C選項(xiàng)insensible無感覺的;D選項(xiàng)infinite無限的,B選項(xiàng)indispensable符合句意。

4.單選題

MalaysiaandIndonesiarelyonopenmarketsforforestandfisheryproducts.______,someAsiancountriesarehighlyprotectionist.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Naturally

B.Conversely

C.Deliberately

D.Evidently

【答案】B

【解析】考查副詞辨析。A項(xiàng)naturally“自然地”,B項(xiàng)conversely“相反地”,C項(xiàng)deliberately“故意地,緩慢而謹(jǐn)慎地”,D項(xiàng)evidently“顯然,明顯地,清楚地”。由openmarkets“開放市場”和protectionist“貿(mào)易保護(hù)主義的”可知,前后語義是相反的,conversely符合語境。句意:馬來西亞和印度尼西亞的森林和漁業(yè)產(chǎn)品依賴開放市場;相反,一些亞洲國家貿(mào)易保護(hù)主義色彩濃厚。因此,該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

Byturningthisknobtotherightyoucan____thesoundfromtheradio.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.intensify

B.amplify

C.enlarge

D.reinforce

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.intensify(使)加強(qiáng);增強(qiáng);加劇B.amplify放大;增強(qiáng)(聲音等)

C.enlarge擴(kuò)大;擴(kuò)充D.reinforce加固

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】動詞辨析。

【解題思路】句意:把這個(gè)旋鈕向右轉(zhuǎn),你就可以……收音機(jī)的聲音。對比選項(xiàng),此處應(yīng)該是放大收音機(jī)的聲音。B選項(xiàng)指放大聲音,符合語境,因此選B。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)intensify“(使)加強(qiáng);增強(qiáng);加劇”,指在程度或深度上增強(qiáng),而句中指的是放大聲音,并不是增強(qiáng)聲音,該選項(xiàng)不符合語境;

C選項(xiàng)enlarge“擴(kuò)大;擴(kuò)充”,指使……變大,該處強(qiáng)調(diào)放大聲音,C選項(xiàng)并沒有特指放大聲音。而B選項(xiàng)強(qiáng)調(diào)聲音的放大,對比選項(xiàng),B選項(xiàng)更合適;

D選項(xiàng)reinforce“加固”,指使堅(jiān)固,尤指通過添加另一種材料使結(jié)構(gòu)或材料更堅(jiān)固,該選項(xiàng)不符合語境。

【句意】把這個(gè)旋鈕向右轉(zhuǎn),你就可以放大收音機(jī)的聲音。

6.單選題

Inthespringof2010,fiscalausteritybecamefashionable.Iusethetermadvisedly:thesuddenconsensusamongVerySeriousPeoplethateveryonemustbalancebudgetsnowwasn’tbasedonanykindofcarefulanalysis.Itwasmorelikeafad,somethingeveryoneprofessedtobelievebecausethatwaswhatthein-crowdwassaying.

Andit’safadthathasbeenfadinglately,asevidencehasaccumulatedthatthelessonsofthepastremainrelevant,thattryingtobalancebudgetsinthefaceofhighunemploymentandfallinginflationisstillareallybadidea.Mostnotably,theconfidencefairyhasbeenexposedasamyth.Therehavebeenwidespreadclaimsthatdeficit-cuttingactuallyreducesunemploymentbecauseitreassuresconsumersandbusinesses;butmultiplestudiesofhistoricalrecord,includingonebytheInternationalMonetaryFund,haveshownthatthisclaimhasnobasisinreality.

Nowidespreadfadeverpasses,however,withoutleavingsomefashionvictimsinitswake.Inthiscase,thevictimsarethepeopleofBritain,whohavethemisfortunetoberuledbyagovernmentthattookofficeattheheightoftheausterityfadandwon’tadmitthatitwaswrong.Britain,likeAmerica,issufferingfromtheaftermathofahousinganddebtbubble.ItsproblemsarecompoundedbyLondon’sroleasaninternationalfinancialcenter:Britaincametorelyontoomuchonprofitsfromwheelinganddealingtodriveitseconomyandonfinancial-industrytaxpaymentstopayforgovernmentprograms.

Over-relianceonthefinancialindustrylargelyexplainswhyBritain,whichcameintothecrisiswithrelativelylowpublicdebt,hasseenitsbudgetdeficitsoarto11percentofGD.P.slightlyworsethantheU.S.deficit.Andthere’snoquestionthatBritainwilleventuallyneedtobalanceitsbookswithspendingcutsandtaxincreases.Theoperativewordhereshould,however,be“eventually.”Fiscalausteritywilldepresstheeconomyfurtherunlessitcanbeoffsetbyafallininterestrates.Rightnow,interestratesinBritain,asinAmerica,arealreadyverylow,withlittleroomtofallfurther.Thesensiblething,then,istodeviseaplanforputtingthenation’sfiscalhouseinorder,whilewaitinguntilasolideconomicrecoveryisunderwaybeforewieldingtheax.

Buttrendyfashion,almostbydefinition,isn’tsensibleandtheBritishgovernmentseemsdeterminedtoignorethelessonsofhistory.BoththenewBritishbudgetannouncedonWednesdayandtherhetoricthataccompaniedtheannouncementmighthavecomestraightfromthedeskofAndrewMellon,theTreasurysecretarywhotoldPresidentHerbertHoovertofighttheDepressionbyliquidatingthefarmers,liquidatingtheworkers,anddrivingdownwages.OrifyouprefermoreBritishprecedents,itechoestheSnowdenbudgetof1931,whichtriedtorestoreconfidencebutendedupdeepeningtheeconomiccrisis.

TheBritishgovernment’splanisbold,saythepunditsandsoitis.Butitboldlygoesinexactlythewrongdirection.Itwouldcutgovernmentemploymentby490,000workerstheequivalentofalmostthreemillionlayoffsintheUnitedStatesatatimewhentheprivatesectorisinnopositiontoprovidealternativeemployment.Itwouldslashspendingatatimewhenprivatedemandisn’tatallreadytotakeuptheslack.WhyistheBritishgovernmentdoingthis?Therealreasonhasalottodowithideology:theToriesareusingthedeficitasanexcusetodownsizethewelfarestate.Buttheofficialrationaleisthatthereisnoalternative.

Whathappensnow?MaybeBritainwillgetlucky,andsomethingwillcomealongtorescuetheeconomy.ButthebestguessisthatBritainin2011willlooklikeBritainin1931,ortheUnitedStatesin1937,orJapanin1997.Thatis,prematurefiscalausteritywillleadtoarenewedeconomicslump.Asalways,thosewhorefusetolearnfromthepastaredoomedtorepeatit.

1.The“fiscalausterity”refersto().

2.Bysaying“theconfidencefairyhasbeenexposedasamyth”,theauthormeans().

3.Whatiswrongwiththecurrentgovernment’sfinancialpolicy?

4.BymentioningAndrewMellon,theauthorimpliesthat().

5.Totheauthor,thepracticeoffiscalausteritywillcertainlyleadto().

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.theconsensusamongfinancialadvisers

B.thereductioninexpenditure

C.thesevereeconomicrecession

D.thehighinflationrate

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.balancingbudgetsdoesnothelpwithemployment

B.businesseshavenotimprovedtheiroperation

C.reducingbudgetsisnolongerafadnow

D.fallinginflationhasgivenconsumersconfidence

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Itcutsfinancial-industrytaxpayments.

B.ItignoresBritain’sfinancialsituation.

C.IthaslaunchedBritainintoanotherslump.

D.ItismadeasaresponsetocrisesinAmerica.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.theAmericanleadershavemadethesamemistake

B.theTreasurysecretaryignoredtheinterestsofthefarmersandworkers

C.theBritishgovernment’sbudgetplanisseriouslywrong

D.theAmericanleadersgivesubstantialsupporttotheirBritishcounterparts

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.anunexpectedrecovery

B.improvedemployment

C.renewedconfidence

D.arepeatedrecession

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.詞義理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段,“thesuddenconsensusamongVerySeriousPeoplethateveryonemustbalancebudgetsnowwasn’tbasedonanykindofcarefulanalysis.”,可知第一句中的fiscalausterity等同于這里的balancebudgets。嚴(yán)肅人士之間突然達(dá)成的共識是,現(xiàn)在每個(gè)人都必須平衡預(yù)算,而這種共識并不是基于任何仔細(xì)的分析。所以平衡預(yù)算需要縮減開支,選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

2.推斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段,“theconfidencefairyhasbeenexposedasamyth.Therehavebeenwidespreadclaimsthatdeficit-cuttingactuallyreducesunemployment”,可知自信的神話變成了一種虛構(gòu)。用來暗示財(cái)政緊縮政策并沒有幫助經(jīng)濟(jì)恢復(fù),而財(cái)政赤字實(shí)際上能降低失業(yè)率,并且在第二段中用大量的事實(shí)說明了財(cái)政緊縮政策并沒帶來實(shí)際作用。可推斷出財(cái)政緊縮政策對提高就業(yè)率并沒有產(chǎn)生幫助。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

3.推斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段,“Andthere’snoquestionthatBritainwilleventuallyneedtobalanceitsbookswithspendingcutsandtaxincreases.”,可知毫無疑問,英國最終將需要通過削減開支和增加稅收來平衡收支??赏茢喑鱿鳒p金融業(yè)的稅收的財(cái)政政策是錯(cuò)誤的。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段,“theBritishgovernmentseemsdeterminedtoignorethelessonsofhistory.”,可知英國政府似乎忽視了歷史的教訓(xùn)。下文用AndrewMellon的荒謬政策加深經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)的例子來進(jìn)一步說明英國政府的平衡收支計(jì)劃是錯(cuò)誤的,忽視了歷史教訓(xùn)。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

5.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段,“prematurefiscalausteritywillleadtoarenewedeconomicslump…thosewhorefusetolearnfromthepastaredoomedtorepeatit.”,可知過早的財(cái)政緊縮將導(dǎo)致新一輪的經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退,拒絕吸取歷史教訓(xùn)的人注定要重蹈覆轍??膳袛喑鲎髡哒J(rèn)為財(cái)政緊縮的做法肯定會導(dǎo)致經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退重蹈覆轍。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

7.翻譯題

1.名聲、財(cái)產(chǎn)和權(quán)力等都是身外之物,人人都可求而得之,但沒有人能夠代替你感受人生。

2.警方提醒乘客,不要將錢和貴重物品放在提包里,以防被盜。

3.雖然知道獲勝的可能性不大,但比賽失敗后,我們多少還是有點(diǎn)沮喪。

4.Ineffect,theyagreedtotheviewthattheverychangeinlawbringsaboutachangeinthenatureofsocietyandhumanrelationshipswithinit.

5.Theprofessordefinitelywillnotagreewiththepointthatthetranslationamountedtolittlemorethanlookingupwordsindictionaries.

【答案】1.Fame,propertyandpowerareallworldlypossessions,andeverybodycanstriveforthem.Butnoonecouldreplaceyoutoexperiencethelife.

2.Thepolicewarnedthepassengersagainstputtingmoneyandpreciousthingsinbagsincasetheyshouldbestolen.

3.Thoughweknewthatourchancestowinwereslim,weweremoreorlessdepressedwhenwelostthegame.

4.實(shí)際上,他們同意正是法律的改變引起社會性質(zhì)和社會人際關(guān)系的改變這一觀點(diǎn)。

5.這位教授肯定不會同意翻譯基本是在詞典里查生詞的觀點(diǎn)。

8.單選題

IntheSpringExportCommoditiesFairthe_______offinechinaattractedmuchattentionofeasternersfromallovertheworld.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.succession

B.array

C.string

D.cluster

【答案】C

【解析】succession繼承權(quán);array排列,布局;string系列,一串;cluster群,簇。句意:在春季出口商品交易會上,一系列精美的瓷器吸引了來自世界各地的東方人的目光。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

9.單選題

Theroomwasfullofpeopleandsmoke.Shestartedtofeel(

)withtheheatinside.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.oppressed

B.congested

C.confronted

D.craned

【答案】A

【解析】動詞辨析。句意:這個(gè)房間里全是人,布滿了煙霧。她開始被里面的熱氣壓的喘不過氣來了。

oppressed被壓迫的;受迫害的。congested擁擠的;擠滿的;(交通)堵塞的;充血的。confronted,confront的過去分詞和過去式。使…無法回避;降臨于;處理。craned,crane的過去分詞和過去式。(為看得更清楚而)探著身子;伸長(脖子)。

10.單選題

Allthe

peopleinthestadiumcheeredupwhentheysawhundredsofcolorfulballoons()

slowly

intothesky.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ascending

B.elevating

C.floating

D.lingering

【答案】A

【解析】ascend可做不及物動詞,指上升;elevate意思相近,但是是及物動詞。float指漂??;linger

指逗留。句意:當(dāng)看到幾百只彩球緩緩升上天空時(shí),運(yùn)動場里所有的人都?xì)g呼起來。選項(xiàng)A正確。

11.單選題

Hethoughtthathemightbeabletoavoidpayingsomeofhistaxesbytakingadvantagesofthe______inthelaw.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.circle

B.misunderstanding

C.exception

D.loopholes

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)circle“周期”;B選項(xiàng)misunderstanding“誤解”;C選項(xiàng)exception“例外;異議”;D選項(xiàng)loopholes“漏洞”。句意:他認(rèn)為他也許可以利用法律上的______來逃避繳納一些稅款。根據(jù)語境,這里是指鉆法律的空子避稅,D選項(xiàng)loopholes“漏洞”符合題意。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

12.單選題

Thereport(

)sevenareaswheretheGovernmenthadaresponsibility.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.purified

B.specified

C.regarded

D.labeled

【答案】B

【解析】句意:這份報(bào)告列舉了政府負(fù)有責(zé)任的七個(gè)領(lǐng)域。

考查動詞辨析。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)分別是對應(yīng)動詞的過去式。Purify凈化,使純凈;specify列舉,詳細(xì)說明,指定;regard把……看作;label標(biāo)注,貼標(biāo)簽于。故B符合句意。

13.單選題

Whennextyear’scropofhigh-schoolgraduatesarriveatOxfordUniversityinthefallof2009,they’llbejoinedbyanewface:AndrewHamilton,the55-year-oldprovost(教務(wù)長)ofYale,who’llbecomeOxford’svice-chancellor—apositionequaltouniversitypresidentinAmerica.

Hamiltonisn’ttheonlyeducatorcrossingtheAtlantic.SchoolsinFrance,Egypt,Singapore,etc.havealsorecentlymadetop-levelhiresfromabroad.Highereducationhasbecomeabigandcompetitivebusinessnowadays,andlikesomanybusinesses,it’sgoneglobal.Yetthetalentflowisn’tuniversal.High-levelpersonnel(人員)tendtoheadinonlyonedirection:outwardfromAmerica.

ThechiefreasonisthatAmericanschoolsdon’ttendtoseriouslyconsiderlookingabroad.Forexample,whentheboardoftheUniversityofColoradosearchedforanewpresident,itwantedaleaderfamiliarwiththestategovernment,amajorsourceoftheuniversity’sbudget.“Wedidn’tdoanyglobalconsideration,”saysPatriciaHayes,theboard’schair.TheboardfinallypickedBruceBenson,a69-year-oldColoradobusinessmanandpoliticalactivist(活動家)whoislikelytodowellinthemaintaskofmodernuniversitypresidents:fund-raising.Fund-raisingisadistinctivelyAmericanthing,sinceU.S.schoolsrelyheavilyondonations.Thefund-raisingabilityislargelyaproductofexperienceandnecessity.

ManyEuropeanuniversities,meanwhile,arestillmostlydependentongovernmentfunding.Butgovernmentsupporthasfailedtokeeppacewithrisingstudentnumbers.Thedeclineingovernmentsupporthasmadefund-raisinganincreasinglynecessaryabilityamongadministrators(管理人員),andhashiringcommitteeshungryforAmericans.

Inthepastfewyears,well-knownschoolsaroundtheworldhavejoinedthetrend.In2003,whenCambridgeUniversityappointedAlisonRichard,anotherformerYaleprovost,asitsvice-chancellor,theuniversitypubliclystressedthatinherpreviousjobshehadoverseen“amajorstrengtheningofYale’sfinancialposition”.

Ofcourse,fund-raisingisn’ttheonlyskilloutsidersoffer.Theglobalizationofeducationmeansmoreuniversitieswillbeseekingheadswithinternationalexperienceofsomekindtopromoteinternationalprogramsandattractaglobalstudentbody.Foreignerscanofferafreshperspective(視角)onestablishedpractices.

1.Whatisthecurrenttrendinhighereducationdiscussedinthepassage?

2.WhatisthechiefconsiderationofAmericanuniversitieswhenhiringtop-leveladministrators?

3.WhatdowelearnaboutEuropeanuniversitiesfromthepassage?

4.CambridgeUniversityappointedAlisonRichardasitsvice-chancellorchieflybecause________.

5.Inwhatwaydotop-leveladministratorsfromabroadcontributetouniversitydevelopment?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.InstitutionworldwidearehiringadministratorsfromtheUS.

B.Alotofactivistsarebeinghiredasadministrators.

C.Americanuniversitiesareenrollingmoreinternationalstudents.

D.Universitypresidentsarepayingmoreattentiontofunding-raising.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Thepoliticalcorrectness.

B.Theirabilitytoraisefunds.

C.Theirfameinacademiccircles.

D.Theiradministrativeexperience.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Thetuitions(學(xué)費(fèi))theychargehavebeenrisingconsiderably.

B.Theiroperationisunderstrictgovernmentcontrol.

C.Theyarestrengtheningtheirpositionbyglobalization.

D.Mostoftheirmoneycomesfromthegovernment.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.shewasknowntobegoodatraisingmoney

B.shecouldhelpstrengthenitstieswithYale

C.sheknewhowtoattractstudentsoverseas

D.shehadboostedYale’sacademicstatus

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Theycanenhancetheuniversity’simage.

B.Theywillbringwiththemmoreinternationalfaculty.

C.Theywillviewalotofthingsfromanewperspective.

D.Theycansetupnewacademicdisciplines.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段倒數(shù)一、二句Yetthetalentflowisn’tuniversal.High-levelpersonneltendtoheadinonlyonedirection:outwardfromAmerica.(然而,人才流動并非是世界性的。高層管理人員的流動只傾向于一個(gè)方向:從美國向外。),可知當(dāng)前高等教育傾向于從美國招聘管理人員,A選項(xiàng)“世界各地的機(jī)構(gòu)都在從美國招聘管理人員”正確。B選項(xiàng)“許多積極分子被聘為管理員”,C選項(xiàng)“美國大學(xué)正在擴(kuò)招國際學(xué)生”和D選項(xiàng)“大學(xué)校長更加注重籌款”文中沒有提到。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

2.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第四句TheboardfinallypickedBruceBenson,a69-year-oldColoradobusinessmanandpoliticalactivistwhoislikelytodowellinthemaintaskofmodernuniversitypresidents:fund-raising.(董事會最終聘用了布魯斯?本森,一位69歲的科羅拉多商人和政治活動家,因?yàn)樗芸赡茉诂F(xiàn)代大學(xué)校長的主要任務(wù)上做得很好:籌資。),可知美國大學(xué)在招聘高級管理人員時(shí)主要考慮籌資方面的能力,B選項(xiàng)“他們籌集資金的能力”正確;A選項(xiàng)“政治正確性”和C選項(xiàng)“他們在學(xué)術(shù)界的名聲”不是主要考慮的內(nèi)容。D選項(xiàng)“他們的管理經(jīng)驗(yàn)”:根據(jù)第三段最后一句Thefund-raisingabilityislargelyaproductofexperienceandnecessity.(籌集資金的能力很大程度上是經(jīng)驗(yàn)和需要的產(chǎn)物。),可知要求的是籌資方面的經(jīng)驗(yàn),而非管理經(jīng)驗(yàn)。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

3.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第四段第一句ManyEuropeanuniversities,meanwhile,arestillmostlydependentongovernmentfunding.(與此同時(shí),許多歐洲大學(xué)仍主要依賴政府資助。),可知D選項(xiàng)“它們的大部分資金來自政府”正確。A選項(xiàng)“學(xué)費(fèi)一直在上漲”,B選項(xiàng)“其運(yùn)作受到政府的嚴(yán)格控制”和C選項(xiàng)“它們正在通過全球化加強(qiáng)他們的地位”:文中沒有提到。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

4.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段第二句In2003,whenCambridgeUniversityappointedAlisonRichard,anotherformerYaleprovost,asitsvice-chancellor,theuniversitypubliclystressedthatinherpreviousjobshehadoverseen“amajorstrengtheningofYale’sfinancialposition”.(2003年,劍橋大學(xué)任命另一位耶魯大學(xué)前教務(wù)長艾莉森?理查德為副校長。劍橋大學(xué)公開強(qiáng)調(diào),在她之前的工作中,她對“耶魯大學(xué)的財(cái)務(wù)狀況起到了重要的監(jiān)督作用”。),可知艾莉森?理查德成為副校長的主要原因是在籌資方面做出的貢獻(xiàn),A選項(xiàng)“她很擅長籌款”正確;沒有提到艾莉森?理查德讓劍橋大學(xué)和耶魯大學(xué)的聯(lián)系加強(qiáng),B選項(xiàng)“她可以幫助加強(qiáng)與耶魯大學(xué)的聯(lián)系”錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)“她知道如何吸引海外學(xué)生”和D選項(xiàng)“她提高了耶魯大學(xué)的學(xué)術(shù)地位”:文中沒有提到。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

5.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一句Foreignerscanofferafreshperspectiveonestablishedpractices.(外國人可以為現(xiàn)有做法提供新的視角。),可知C選項(xiàng)“他們會從一個(gè)新的角度來看待很多事情?!闭_。B選項(xiàng)“他們會吸引來更多的國際教員”:根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二句Theglobalizationofeducationmeansmoreuniversitieswillbeseekingheadswithinternationalexperienceofsomekindtopromoteinternationalprogramsandattractaglobalstudentbody.(教育的全球化意味著,更多的大學(xué)將尋求具有某種國際經(jīng)驗(yàn)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo),以促進(jìn)國際項(xiàng)目和吸引全球?qū)W生群體。),可知吸引的是國外的學(xué)生而非教員。A選項(xiàng)“他們可以提升大學(xué)的形象”和D選項(xiàng)“他們可以建立新的學(xué)科”:文中沒有提到。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

14.單選題

Onestudentafteranother(

)uptoanswertheteacher’squestions.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.stand

B.stands

C.standing

D.tostand

【答案】B

【解析】考查主謂一致。分析句子,可知“____up”為謂語動詞,“toanswertheteacher’squestions”為不定式作目的狀語,故排除C、D。one...afteranother(一個(gè)接一個(gè))后面的謂語動詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式,因此選B。句意:學(xué)生一個(gè)接一個(gè)站起來回答老師的問題。

15.單選題

Doyousendandreceivemorephonecallsore-mails?Ifyouranswerise-mail,oryouwishitwere,thenanewbreedoftelecommunicationsdevicescalledane-mailphoneorInternetphonemaysoonfinditswayintoyourkitchenorlivingroom.Essentially,ane-mailphone,ore-phoneforshort,isthemergeroftelephoneandcomputer.Withmostofthesenewscreenphones,thatmeans,beingabletoreadandreplytoelectronicmaildirectlyfromthephone,withoutstartingup(orevenowning)aPC.Withsome,italsomeansbeingabletosearchthroughtheWebtomakevacationplansorresearchhomeworkassignmentsthoughatslowspeedsandonarathersmallscreen.Andyoucanstillmakephonecalls,too.

Nocomputerexperienceisrequiredtouseane-phone.MostletyousignupwithInternetserviceprovider(ISP),whichtypicallychargesabout$20permonth.Onceyou’repastthistediousworkandentertheaccountinformationintothephone,youcancheckyoure-mailsfromeitheryourcomputerorphone.

Toassessyoure-mailaccountfromoneofthesephones,youtypicallyhavetoselecte-mailservicefromamenu.Phoneswithtouchscreenshaveaniconforthatontheopeningscreen.Forotherphones,youpressoneofthebuttonsliningthebottomorsidesofthedisplay,muchaswithanATMmachine.ThephonethencallsyourISP.WhentheISPpicksup,thephoneautomaticallytransfersyouraccountnameandpassword.Onceaccepted,theISPwillstartsendingthephoneyourmessages.Bytouchingtheitemyouwanttoreadorhittingabuttonnexttoit,themessagewillbedisplayed.Onceyou’vereadit,youcanreplytothemessage,moveontothenextone,or,withmostphones,deletethemessagefromyouraccount.Youcancheckyoure-mailmanually,butmoste-phonescanalsobesettocheckseveraltimesadayautomatically.Inautomaticmode,thephoneflashestotellyoumailiswaiting.Ifyouhappentobeusingthephonewhenitisscheduledtocheckfore-mail,thephonewillautomaticallytryagainwhenthelineisfree.

Oneseriousdrawbacktoe-mailbyphoneisthatitcannotreceive(orsend)attachedfiles,whethertheycontaindocumentsorgraphics.Somephoneswillattempttodisplaysimpletextfilesaspartofthemessage,butothertypesoffileswillappearasgibberish,ornotatall.Ifyouusethee-mailaccountonaPCanddon’tdeletethemessage,however,youcanusuallyretrievethemessageandfileonyourcomputer.

1.Ane-mailphoneisanimproveddeviceoftelecommunicationinthat____.

2.Comparedwithatraditionaltelephone,ane-mailphoneprobably____.

3.Whenane-mailphoneisbeingusedtomakephonecalls,it____.

4.Onefundamentalflawofe-mailphonesisthatpeoplecannotuseitto____.

5.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethate-mailsphonesaredesignedto____.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.itcanrecordamessageintheformofe-mails

B.itcanbeusedtoreceiveandsende-mails

C.itcanbeconnectedwithcomputers

D.itcanbeusedtovisitwebsites

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.hasacoloredscreen

B.hasalargersize

C.hassimilarkeyarrangement

D.doesnothaveareceiver

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.cannotreceivenewmessages

B.sendoutasignalofnewmessages

C.cannotdisplaye-mailmessages

D.automaticallychecksnewmessages

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.receiveorsende-mailswithattachedfiles

B.receiveattachedfileswithdocuments

C.readattachedfileswithgraphics

D.readonlymessagesintheformofsimpletext

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.maketransmissionofe-mailmessagesfaster

B.makecommunicationthroughe-mailscheaper

C.makecommunicationthroughe-mailseasier

D.makecommunicationthroughe-mailsmorepopular

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】第1題:【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Ane-mailphoneisanimproveddeviceoftelecommunicationinthat____.電子郵件電話是一種改進(jìn)的通訊設(shè)備,因?yàn)開___。

A.itcanrecordamessageintheformofe-mailsA.它能以電子郵件的形式記錄信息

B.itcanbeusedtoreceiveandsende-mailsB.它能用來接收和發(fā)送電子郵件

C.itcanbeconnectedwithcomputersC.它能用來連接電腦

D.itcanbeusedtovisitwebsitesD.它能用來訪問網(wǎng)頁

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞animproveddeviceoftelecommunication定位到原文第一段。本段第四句提到“對于大多數(shù)新型觸屏手機(jī)來說,這意味著可以直接從手機(jī)上閱讀和回復(fù)電子郵件(readandreplytoelectronicmail)”,由此可知,電子郵件電話可以直接閱讀(接收)和回復(fù)(發(fā)送)郵件,B選項(xiàng)“它能用來接收和發(fā)送電子郵件”符合原文。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“它能以電子郵件的形式記錄信息”,原文是說可以收發(fā)電子郵件,而不是以電子郵件的形式記錄信息,該選項(xiàng)屬于偷換概念;

C選項(xiàng)“它能用來連接電腦”,原文第一段第三句提到“電子郵件手機(jī)是電話和電腦的結(jié)合體(themergeroftelephoneandcomputer)”,由此可知,原文不是說這款手機(jī)可以連接電腦,該選項(xiàng)屬于曲解原文;

D選項(xiàng)“它能用來訪問網(wǎng)站”,首先,原文第一段倒數(shù)第二句只提到“一些電子郵件手機(jī)可以通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)制定假期計(jì)劃或查看家庭作業(yè)”,并不清楚是否能夠訪問所有網(wǎng)站;另外,能夠訪問網(wǎng)頁并不是它能夠作為一種改進(jìn)的通訊工具的原因。因此,該選項(xiàng)不符合題意,屬于過度推理。

第2題:【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Comparedwithatraditionaltelephone,ane-mailphoneprobably____.與傳統(tǒng)的電話相比,電子郵件電話可能____。

A.hasacoloredscreenA.有彩色屏幕

B.hasalargersizeB.尺寸更大

C.hassimilarkeyarrangementC.有相似的鍵盤配置

D.doesnothaveareceiverD.沒有接收器

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Comparedwithatraditionaltelephone可知,本題要求選擇的是電子郵件手機(jī)與傳統(tǒng)的手機(jī)之間的區(qū)別。原文第一段第四句提到“大多數(shù)新型屏幕手機(jī)(mostofthesenewscreenphones)”由此可知,屏幕是電子郵件手機(jī)的一個(gè)創(chuàng)新點(diǎn);由上一題可知,電子郵件手機(jī)最大的特點(diǎn)是可以閱讀和回復(fù)郵件,由此推斷,電子郵件手機(jī)的屏幕比傳統(tǒng)的手機(jī)更大,這樣才方便閱讀和回復(fù)郵件。綜上所述,B選項(xiàng)“尺寸更大”符合原文推測。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“有彩色屏幕”,原文雖然提到了手機(jī)屏幕,但是“彩色”這一信息無法從原文已有信息推斷出來,該選項(xiàng)屬于過度推理;

C選項(xiàng)“有相似的鍵盤配置”,原文沒有提到鍵盤的問題,我們無從得知有關(guān)信息,該選項(xiàng)屬于無中生有;

D選項(xiàng)“沒有接收器”,電子郵件手機(jī)可以接受電子郵件,所以肯定是有接收器的,該選項(xiàng)與原文矛盾,屬于反向干擾。

第3題:【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Whenane-mailphoneisbeingusedtomakephonecalls,it____.當(dāng)電子郵件手機(jī)正用于打電話時(shí),它____。

A.cannotreceivenewmessagesA.不能接收新信息

B.sendoutasignalofnewmessagesB.發(fā)送一個(gè)新信息的信號

C.cannotdisplaye-mailmessagesC.不能展示郵件信息

D.automaticallychecksnewmessagesD.自動檢查新信息

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞beingused定位到原文第三段最后兩句。這兩句提到“在自動模式下,手機(jī)會閃爍提醒你有新郵件。如果你恰好在預(yù)定檢查電子郵件(scheduledtocheckfore-mail)的時(shí)候使用手機(jī)(happentobeusing),當(dāng)線路空閑時(shí)(whenthelineisfree),手機(jī)會自動再試一次(automaticallytryagain)?!庇纱丝芍?dāng)手機(jī)正用于打電話時(shí),它不能自動檢查新的電子郵件,因此,A選項(xiàng)“不能接收新信息”,符合原文。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)“發(fā)送一個(gè)新信息的信號”,當(dāng)手機(jī)線路被占用時(shí),它無法檢查新郵件,也不會發(fā)送新信息提醒,該選項(xiàng)與原文矛盾,屬于反向干擾;

C選項(xiàng)“不能展示郵件信息”,原文說的是線路被占用,無法接收到新信息,并沒有說能否展示,該選項(xiàng)屬于無中生有;

D選項(xiàng)“自動檢查新信息”,與原文不能自動檢查新電子郵件表述矛盾,該選項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾。

第4題:【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Onefundamentalflawofe-mailphonesisthatpeoplecannotuseitto____.電子郵件手機(jī)的一個(gè)根本缺陷是人們不能用它來____。

A.receiveorsende-mailswithattachedfilesA.接收和發(fā)送帶附件的郵件

B.receiveattachedfileswithdocumentsB.接收帶有文檔的附件

C.readattachedfileswithgraphicsC.閱讀帶有圖表的附件

D.readonlymessagesintheformofsimpletextD.只閱讀簡單形式的文本

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞fundamentalflaw定位到原文最后一段。本段第一句提到“通過電話發(fā)送電子郵件的一個(gè)嚴(yán)重缺點(diǎn)是它不能接收(或發(fā)送)附加文件(cannotreceive(orsend)attachedfiles),無論它們是包含文檔還是圖形?!北径蔚诙涮岬健耙恍┦謾C(jī)會嘗試把簡單的文本文件作為信息的一部分顯示(displaysimpletextfilesaspartofthemessage),但其他類型的文件將顯示為亂碼,或根本不顯示?!本C上所述,所有的電子郵件手機(jī)都不能顯示除了簡單文本以外的其他形式的附件,包括圖表。因此,C選項(xiàng)“閱讀帶有圖表的附件”符合原文。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“接收和發(fā)送帶附件的郵件”,原文說的是不能接收和發(fā)送附件,而不是選項(xiàng)所表述的不能接收帶附件的郵件,帶附件的郵件可以接收,只是不能查看附件內(nèi)容,該選項(xiàng)屬于曲解原文;

B選項(xiàng)“接收文件附件”,原文提到有一些手機(jī)在嘗試把簡單的文本文件作為信息的一部分顯示,因此,有一些手機(jī)還是可以顯示文檔附件的,該選項(xiàng)屬于曲解原文;

D選項(xiàng)“只閱讀簡單形式的文本”,由原文可知,有些手機(jī)是閱讀簡單形式的文本的,題干中寫的是“不能做什么”,該選項(xiàng)不符合題意,與原文矛盾,屬于反向干擾。

第5題:【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethate-mailsphonesaredesignedto____.從文章中可以推斷出,電子郵件手機(jī)是為____而設(shè)計(jì)的。

A.maketransmissionofe-mailmessagesfasterA.使電子郵件信息的傳輸更快

B.makecommunicationthroughe-mailscheaperB.使通過電子郵件交流更便宜

C.makecommunicationthroughe-mailseasierC.使通過電子郵件交流更簡單

D.makecommunicationthroughe-mailsmorepopularD.使通過電子郵件交流更受歡迎

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題

【解題思路】本題詢問的是電子郵件手機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)目的。原文第一段第四句提到了電子郵件手機(jī)的主要功能,即“直接從手機(jī)上(directlyfromthephone)閱讀和回復(fù)電子郵件,而不需要(without)啟動(甚至不需要擁有)個(gè)人電腦?!庇纱丝芍娮余]件手機(jī)主要是使接收和回復(fù)電子郵件更簡單了,只需要一個(gè)手機(jī)就可以,因此,C選項(xiàng)“使通過電子郵件交流更簡單”更符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“使電子郵件信息的傳輸更快”,原文不涉及傳輸速度比較,該選項(xiàng)屬于無中生有;

B選項(xiàng)“使通過電子郵件交流更便宜”,原文不涉及價(jià)格比較,該選項(xiàng)屬于無中生有;

D選項(xiàng)“使通過電子郵件交流更受歡迎”,原文不涉及通過電子郵件交流是否受歡迎,該選項(xiàng)屬于無中生有。

16.單選題

ProfessorJohnsonplannedtogoovermypapersentencebysentencewithmeinhisofficethismorning,buthehasn't(

)yet.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.turnedround

B.turnedup

C.turnedon

D.turnedin

【答案】B

【解析】動詞短語詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)的turnround=turnaround“轉(zhuǎn)身,轉(zhuǎn)向,歸航,轉(zhuǎn)變”;B選項(xiàng)的turnup“出現(xiàn),露面,發(fā)生,開大(收音機(jī)、電視等)的音量”;C選項(xiàng)的turnon“打開,發(fā)動”;D選項(xiàng)的turnin“交上,歸還,告發(fā)”。根據(jù)句意‘約翰遜教授計(jì)劃今天早上和我一起在他辦公室逐句檢查我的論文,但他還沒來’確定B選項(xiàng)正確。

17.單選題

14.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Ageneralpractitioner.

B.Gynecologist

C.Anorthopedist[?θ?’pid?st].

D.Sheissurgeon.

【答案】B

【解析】M:HelloDoctorMarks.It’sTimTailorfromANNEatEdinburghCentral.

W:Hello.

M:I’vegotayoungwoman,a30-year-oldwomanreferredupbyherGPwithakindofperinealabscessforabout10--15days.

W:Right.

M:She'sbeenonantibioticsandbasicallyitneedstobeincised.Canyoutakeher?

W:Ofcourse.What’sthepatient’sname?

Q:Whatisthewoman?

【解析】推斷題。根據(jù)對話可知,女患者是會陰膿腫,需要切除。

18.單選題

Evenasagirl,______tobeherlife,andtheateraudiencesweretobeherbestteachers.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.performingbyMelissawere

B.itwasknownthatMelissa’sperformanceswere

C.knowingthatMelissa’sperformanceswere

D.Melissaknewthatperformingwas

【答案】D

【解析】考查句子結(jié)構(gòu)與同位語。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),可知and為連詞,后面接的是一個(gè)完整的句子,因此and前也應(yīng)為一個(gè)句子,空格處缺少主語,根據(jù)Evenasagirl可知agirl是主語的同位語,因此D選項(xiàng)符合語法和句式要求。句意:即使是個(gè)小女孩時(shí),梅麗莎就知道表演是她的生命,而劇院的觀眾是她最好的老師。

19.單選題

AsfarasIknow,theclerkhas______$1,000tothecollectionforthementalinstitution.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.enlisted

B.embezzled

C.dissipated

D.subscribed

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A項(xiàng)enlist“支持,從軍,應(yīng)募”,B項(xiàng)embezzle“盜用,挪用,貪污”,C項(xiàng)dissipate“浪費(fèi),使……消散”,D項(xiàng)subscribe“訂閱,捐款,認(rèn)購”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞$1,000可知collection表示“募捐”,所以用subscribe符合語境。句意:據(jù)我所知,那位職員已為那家精神病院捐款一千元。因此,該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

20.寫作題

Directions:“Stayhungry,stayfoolish”wasquotedbySteveJobs,theformerCEOofAPPLE,atcommencementaddressatStanfordUniversity.Writeanessaywith300wordstopresentyourunderstandingofthestatement.

【答案】略

21.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Flightsimulator(飛行模擬器)referstoanyelectronicormechanicalsystemfortrainingairplaneandspacecraftpilotsandcrewmemberbysimulatingfightconditions.Thepurposeofsimulationisnottocompletelysubstitute(1)actualfighttrainingbuttothoroughlyfamiliarizestudentswiththevehicle(2)beforethey(3)e

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