書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-大連翻譯職業(yè)學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

He（

）hishead,wonderinghowtosolvetheproblem.

問題1選項

A.scratched

B.screwed

C.scraped

D.scrapped

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項scratch“（用手）撓頭”；B選項screw“用（螺絲釘）釘住”；C選項scrape“刮，擦”；D選項scrap“拋棄，廢棄”，根據(jù)空格后面作賓語的關鍵詞“head頭”，可知這里填入的單詞要符合句子語境意思“想著怎么解決這個問題”，故空格單詞意思應該為“（用手）撓頭”，句意為：他抓了抓頭，想著怎么解決這個問題。選項A符合題意。

2.單選題

DespiteDenmark’smanifestvirtues,DanesnevertalkabouthowproudtheyaretobeDanes.ThiswouldsoundweirdinDanish.WhenDanestalktoforeignersaboutDenmark,theyalwaysbeginbycommentingonitstininess,itsunimportance,thedifficultyofitslanguage,thegeneralsmall-mindednessandself-indulgenceoftheircountrymenandthehightaxes.NoDanewouldlookyouintheeyeandsay“Denmarkisagreatcountry.”You’resupposedtofigurethisoutforyourself.

Itisthelandofthesilksafetynet,wherealmosthalfthenationalbudgetgoestowardsmoothingoutlife’sinequalities,andthereisplentyofmoneyforschools,daycare,retrainingprograms,jobseminars—Danesloveseminars:threedaysatastudycenterhearingaboutwastemanagementisalmostasgoodasaskitrip.ItisaculturebombardedbyEnglish,inadvertising,popmusic,theInternet,anddespitealltheEnglishthatDanishabsorbs―thereisnoDanishAcademytodefendagainstit—olddialectspersistinJutlandthatcanbarelybeunderstoodbyCopenhageners.Itisthelandwhere,asthesayinggoes,“fewhavetoomuchandfewerhavetoolittle,”andaforeignerisstruckbythesweetegalitarianismthatprevails,wherethelowliestclerkgivesyoualevelgaze,whereSirandMadamehavedisappearedfromcommonusage,evenMr.andMrs..It’sanationofrecyclers—about55%ofDanishgarbagegetsmadeintosomethingnew―andnonuclearpowerplants.It’sanationoftirelessplanners.Trainsrunontime.Thingsoperatewellingeneral.

Suchanationofoverachievers—abrochurefromtheMinistryofBusinessandIndustrysays,“Denmarkisoneoftheworld’scleanestandmostorganizedcountries,withvirtuallynopollution,crime,orpoverty.Denmarkisthemostcorruption-freesocietyintheNorthernHemisphere.”So,ofcourse,one’sheartliftsatanysightingofDanishsleaze:skinheadgraffitionbuildings(“ForeignersOutofDenmark!”),brokenbeerbottlesinthegutters,drunkenteenagersslumpedinthepark.

Nonetheless,itisanorderlyland.YoudrivethroughaDanishtown,itcomestoanendatastonewall,andontheothersideisafieldofbarley,anicecleanline:townhere,countrythere.Itisnotanationofjaywalkers.Peoplestandonthecurbandwaitfortheredlighttochange,evenifit’s2a.m.andthere’snotacarinsight.However,Danesdon’tthinkofthemselvesasawaiting-at-2-a.m.-for-the-green-lightpeople―that’showtheyseeSwedesandGermans.Danesseethemselvesasjazzypeople,improvisers,morefreespiritedthanSwedes,butthetruthis(thoughoneshouldnotsayit)thatDanesareverymuchlikeGermansandSwedes.Orderlinessisamainsellingpoint.Denmarkhasfewnaturalresources,limitedmanufacturingcapability;itsfutureinEuropewillbeasabroker,banker,anddistributorofgoods.YousendyourgoodsbycontainershiptoCopenhagen,andthesebright,young,English-speaking,utterlyhonest,highlydisciplinedpeoplewillgetyourgoodsaroundtoScandinavia,theBalticStates,andRussia.Airports,seaports,highways,andraillinesareultramodernandwell-maintained.

Theorderlinessofthesocietydoesn’tmeanthatDanishlivesarelessmessyorlonelythanyoursormine,andnoDanewouldtellyouso.Youcanhearplentyaboutbitterfamilyfeudsandthesorrowsofalcoholismandaboutperfectlysensiblepeoplewhowentoffonedayandkilledthemselves.Anorderlysocietycannotexemptitsmembersfromthehazardsoflife.

ButthereisasenseofentitlementandsecuritythatDanesgrowupwith.Certainthingsareyoursbyvirtueofcitizenship,andyoushouldn’tfeelbadfortakingwhatyou’reentitledto,you’reasgoodasanyoneelse.Therulesofthewelfaresystemarecleartoeveryone,thebenefitsyougetifyouloseyourjob,thestepsyoutaketogetanewone;andtheorderlinessofthesystemmakesitpossibleforthecountrytoweatherhighunemploymentandsocialunrestwithoutasenseofcrisis.

1.TheauthorthinksthatDanesadopta（）attitudetowardstheircountry.

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTaDanishcharacteristiccitedinthepassage?

3.Theauthor’sreactiontothestatementbytheMinistryofBusinessandIndustryis（）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,Danishorderliness（）.

5.AttheendofthepassagetheauthorstatesallthefollowingEXCEPTthat（）.

問題1選項

A.boastful

B.modest

C.deprecating

D.mysterious

問題2選項

A.Fondnessofforeignculture.

B.Equalityinsociety.

C.Linguistictolerance.

D.Persistentplanning.

問題3選項

A.disapproving

B.approving

C.noncommittal

D.doubtful

問題4選項

A.setsthepeopleapartfromGermansandSwedes

B.sparesDanessocialtroublesbesettingotherpeoples

C.isconsideredeconomicallyessentialtothecountry

D.preventsDanesfromacknowledgingexistingtroubles

問題5選項

A.Danesareclearlyinformedoftheirsocialbenefits

B.Danestakeforgrantedwhatisgiventothem

C.theopensystemhelpstotidethecountryover

D.orderlinesshasalleviatedunemployment

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.【試題解析】細節(jié)事實題。由題干可以定位到原文首段“DespiteDenmark’smanifestvirtues,DanesnevertalkabouthowproudtheyaretobeDanes.”，中文翻譯為：盡管丹麥有著明顯的優(yōu)點，但是丹麥人卻從不談及自己身為丹麥人有多么自豪。因此B選項“謙虛的”符合題意。

2.【試題解析】細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干關鍵詞Danishcharacteristic可定位到文章第二段Itisthelandwhere,asthesayinggoes,“fewhavetoomuchandfewerhavetoolittle,”，中文翻譯為：正如俗語所說，它（即丹麥）是一個‘很少人擁有太多且更少的人擁有太少’的國土，對應B選項“社會平等”。第二段中“thereisnoDanishAcademytodefendagainstit”，中文翻譯為：沒有一個丹麥的學院去反對它（英語），對應C選項“語言的容忍”。以及第二段“It’sanationoftirelessplanners.”中文翻譯為：它是一個有著不知疲倦的規(guī)劃者的國家。對應D選項“持續(xù)的規(guī)劃”。因此A項符合題意。

3.【試題解析】細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干可以定位到文章第三段“...brokenbeerbottlesinthegutters,drunkenteenagersslumpedinthepark…”，中文翻譯為：水溝中打碎的啤酒瓶，倒在公園里的喝醉的青少年?？芍鸢笧镈項“懷疑的”。

4.【試題解析】細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干關鍵詞Danishorderliness可以定位到文章第四段“Orderlinessisamainsellingpoint.”，中文翻譯為：有序是一個主要的賣點。因此C項“在經濟上對這個國家被認為是至關重要的”正確。

5.【試題解析】細節(jié)事實題。A項“丹麥人清楚地被告知自己的社會福利”可定位到文章倒數(shù)第一段“Therulesofthewelfaresystemarecleartoeveryone.”，中文翻譯為：福利系統(tǒng)的制度對每個人都是顯然的。B選項“丹麥人將被給予自己的東西當成理所當然”對應文章最后一段中“Certainthingsareyoursbyvirtueofcitizenship.”，中文翻譯為：某些東西由于你是公民而是你的。C選項“公開的系統(tǒng)有助于這個國家度過困難時期”對應最后一段“…toweatherhighunemploymentandsocialunrestwithoutasenseofcrisis.”，中文翻譯為：在沒有危機感的情況下去經受住失業(yè)和社會動蕩。因此可知答案為D“有序緩解了失業(yè)”。

3.單選題

Weshouldmaintainourcultural（），whichrepresentsthedeepmemoryofournation.

問題1選項

A.agency

B.tendency

C.legacy

D.fancy

【答案】C

【解析】句意:我們應該維護好代表我們民族最深刻記憶的文化遺產。

考查名詞辨析。Agency服務機構,(尤指)代理機構;tendency偏好,性情,趨勢;legacy遺產,遺贈財物,遺留;fancy想象的事物,想象(力)。故C符合句意。

4.單選題

Seniorcitizens,especiallythoseabove70,are____tosomeprivilegesinmanycountries.

問題1選項

A.enforced

B.engaged

C.enabled

D.entitled

【答案】D

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.enforced強制執(zhí)行B.engaged從事；忙于

C.enabled使能夠D.entitled使享有權利

【考查點】動詞辨析

【解題思路】空格處填入的是動詞，與其搭配的介詞為to，其賓語為privileges“特權”，D選項entitled“使享有權利”能夠滿足語義搭配要求，且常搭配的介詞為to，beentitledtosth“被賦予某種權利或享有某種資格”。

【干擾項排除】

A選項enforced“（enforcesthon/againstsb/sth）強制執(zhí)行”，與“特權”及介詞to不搭配；

B選項engaged“（beengagedin/onsth）從事；忙于”，與“特權”及介詞to不搭配；

C選項enabled“使能夠”，與“特權”不搭配，語義不完整。

【句意】在許多國家，老年人，尤其是70歲以上的老年人享有一些特權。

5.單選題

Canyouexplainthis（）oftenyearsinyourjobhistorywhichyouhavenotaccountedfor?

問題1選項

A.interruption

B.gap

C.split

D.paring

【答案】B

【解析】名詞辨析題。interruption"中斷,干擾";gap"缺口,差距,間隔";split"劈裂,裂縫;paring"削皮"。選項中只有gap可以表示時間的間隔。句意：你能解釋一下在你的工作經歷中你沒有解釋的十年空白期嗎?選項B正確。

6.翻譯題

Ofcourse,thereisfarmoreoilundergroundthancanberecovered.Itmaybeinapooltoosmallortoofarfromapotentialmarkettojustifytheexpenseofdrilling.Someoilliesunderregionswheredrillingisforbidden,suchasnationalparksorotherpubliclands.Evengiventhebestextractiontechniques,onlyabout30to40percentoftheoilinagivenpoolcanbebroughttothesurface.Therestisfartoodifficulttoextractandhastoremainunderground.

Moreover,gettingpetroleumoutofthegroundandfromundertheseaandtotheconsumercancreateenvironmentalproblemsanywherealongtheline.Pipelinescarryingoilcanbebrokenbyfaultsorlandslides,causingseriousoilspills.Spillagefromhugeoil-carryingcargoships,calledtankers,involvedincollisionsoraccidentalgroundings(suchastheoneoffAlaskain1989)cancreateoilslicksatsea.Offshoreplatformsmayalsoloseoil,creatingoilslicksthatdriftashoreandfoulthebeaches,harmingtheenvironment.Sometimes,thegroundatanoilfieldmaysubsideasoilisremoved.TheWilmingtonfieldnearLongBeach,California,hassubsidedninemetersin50years;protectivebarriershavehadtobebuilttopreventseawaterfromfloodingthearea.Finally,therefiningandburningofpetroleumanditsproductscancauseairpollution.Advancingtechnologyandstrictlaws,however,arehelpingcontrolsomeoftheseadverseenvironmentaleffects.

【答案】參考譯文：

當然，地下還能發(fā)現(xiàn)更多的石油，油藏可能太小或遠離潛在的市場因而鉆井費用過高。一些石油存在于禁止鉆井的地區(qū)，如國家公園或其他公共土地。即使提供最好的提取技術，油藏中也只有大約30%到40%的石油可以抽至地面。其余的因為太難抽取而不得不留在地下。

此外，從地下和海底開采石油并運送到消費者的途中的任何地方都會產生環(huán)境問題。石油運輸管道可能因為故障或塌方損壞，造成嚴重的石油泄露。運載石油的油輪在發(fā)生碰撞或意外擱淺（如在1989年阿拉斯加發(fā)生的油輪擱淺）的情況下，石油泄露會導致海上產生浮油。海上鉆井平臺也可能會泄漏石油，導致油污漂流到岸上造成海灘污染，危害環(huán)境。有時一個油田的石油被抽取后，地面會發(fā)生下沉。加利福尼亞州長灘附近的威爾明頓油田在50年內下沉了9米；人們不得不建造保護屏障以防止海水灌進這個地區(qū)。最后，石油的煉制、燃燒以及其產品也會造成空氣污染。不過，先進的技術和嚴格的法律正在協(xié)助控制這些對環(huán)境的不利影響。

7.單選題

ThefirstmentionofslaveryinthestatutesoftheEnglishcoloniesofNorthAmericadoesnotoccuruntilafter1660—somefortyyearsaftertheimportationofthefirstBlackpeople.Lestwethinkthatslaveryexistedinfactbeforeitdidinlaw,OscarandMaryHandlinassureus,thatthestatusofBlackpeopledowntothe1660’swasthatofservants.AcritiqueoftheHanlins’interpretationofwhylegalslaverydidnotappearuntilthe1660ssuggeststhatassumptionsabouttherelationbetweenslaveryandracialprejudiceshouldbereexamined,andthatexplanationforthedifferenttreatmentofBlackslavesinNorthandSouthAmerica'shouldbeexpanded.

TheHandlinsexplaintheappearanceoflegalslaverybyarguingthat,duringthe1660's,thepositionofWhileservantswasimprovingrelativetothatofBlackservants.Thus,theHandlinscontend,BlackandWhiteservants,heretoforetreatedalike,eachattainedadifferentstatus.Thereare,however,importantobjectionstothisargument.First,theHandlinscannotadequatelydemonstratethattheWhiteservant’spositionwasimproving,duringandafterthe1660’s;severalactsoftheMarylandandVirginialegislaturesindicateotherwise.AnotherflawintheHandlin’interpretationistheirassumptionthatpriortotheestablishmentoflegalslaverytherewasnodiscriminationagainstBlackpeople.Itistruethatbeforethe1660’sBlackpeoplewererarelycalledslaves.Butthisshouldnotovershadowevidencefromthe1630sonchatpointstoracialdiscriminationwithoutusingthetermslavery.Suchdiscriminationsometimes,stoppedshortoflifetimeservitudeorinheritedstatusthetwoattributesoftrueslavery-yetinothercasesitincludedboth.TheHandlins'argumentexcludestherealpossibilitythatBlackpeopleintheEnglishcolonieswerenevertreatedastheequalsofWhitepeople.

Thepossibilityhasimportantramifications.IffromtheoutsetBlackpeoplewerediscriminatedagainst,thenlegalslaveryshouldbeviewedasareflectionandanextensionofracialprejudiceratherthan,asmanyhistoriansincludingtheHandlinshaveargued,thecauseofprejudice.Inaddition,theexistenceofdiscriminationbeforetheadventoflegalslaveryoffersafurtherexplanationfortheharshertreatmentofBlackslavesinNorththaninSouthAmericA.FreyreandTannenbaumhaverightlyarguedthatthelackofcertaintraditionsinNorthAmerica-suchasaRomanconceptionofslaveryandaRomanCatholicemphasisonequality—explainswhythetreatmentofBlackslaveswasmoreseveretherethanintheSpanishandPortuguesecoloniesofSouthAmericA.Butthiscannotbethewholeexplanationsinceitismerelybasedonlyonalackofsomething.AmorecompellingexplanationisthattheearlyandsometimesextremeracialdiscriminationintheEnglishcolonieshelpeddeterminetheparticularnatureoftheslaverythatfollowed.

1.Whichofthefollowingisthemostlogicalinferencetobedrawnfromthepassageabouttheeffectsof“severalactsoftheMarylandandVirginialegislatures”(lines11)passedduringandafterthe1660’s?

2.WithwhichofthefollowingstatementsregardingthestatusofBlackpeopleintheEnglishcoloniesofNorthAmericabeforethe1660'swouldtheauthorbeLEASTlikelytoagree?

3.Accordingtothepassage,theHandlinshavearguedwhichofthefollowingabouttherelationshipbetweenracialprejudiceandtheinstitutionoflegalslaveryintheEnglishcoloniesofNorthAmerica?

4.ThepassagesuggeststhattheexistenceofaRomanconceptionofslaveryinSpanishandPortuguesecolonieshadtheeffectof（）.

5.TheauthorconsiderstheFreyreandTannenbaumforthetreatmentaccordedBlackslavesintheEnglishcoloniesofNorthAmericatobe（）.

問題1選項

A.Theactsnegativelyaffectedthepre-1660'spositionofBlackaswellasofwhiteservants

B.TheactshadtheeffectofimpartingratherthanimprovingthepositionofWhiteservantsrelativetowhatithadbeenbeforethe1660's

C.TheactshadadifferenteffectonthepositionofWhiteservantsthandidmanyoftheactspassedduringthistimebythelegislaturesofothercolonies

D.Theacts,attheveryleastcausedthepositionofWhiteservantstoremainnobetterthanithadbeenbeforethe1660's

問題2選項

A.AlthoughBlackpeoplewerenotlegallyconsideredtobeslaves,theywereoftencalledslaves

B.Althoughsubjecttosomediscrimination;Blackpeoplehadaheightlegalstatusthantheydidafterthe1660’s.

C.Althoughsometimessubjecttolifetimeservitude,Blackpeoplewerenotlegallyconsideredtobeslaves.

D.AlthoughoftennottreatedthesameasWhitepeople,Blackpeople,likemanyWhitepeople,possessedthelegalstatusofservants.

問題3選項

A.Racialprejudiceandtheinstitutionofslaveryarosesimultaneously

B.Racialprejudicemostoftentooktheformoftheimpositionofinheritedstatus,oneortheattributesofslavery

C.Thesourceofracialprejudicewastheinstitutionofslavery

D.BecauseoftheinfluenceoftheRomanCatholicChurch,racialprejudicesometimesdidnotresultinslaveryslay

問題4選項

A.extendingratherthancausingracialprejudiceinthesecolonies

B.hasteningthelegalizationofslaveryinthesecolonies

C.mitigatingsomeoftheconditionsofslaveryforBlackpeopleinthesecolonies

D.delayingtheintroductionofslaveryintotheEnglishcolonies

問題5選項

A.ambitiousbutmisguided

B.validbutlimited

C.popularbutsuspect

D.anachronisticandcontroversial

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.推理判斷題。由題干關鍵詞severalactsoftheMarylandandVirginialegislatures可以定位到文章中“TheHandlinsexplaintheappearanceoflegalslaverybyarguingthat,duringthe1660,s,thepositionofWhiteservantswasimprovingrelativetothatofBlackservants.”中文翻譯為：漢林夫婦認為，在17世紀60年代，白人仆人的地位相對于黑人仆人的地位正在改善，從而解釋了法律奴隸制的出現(xiàn)。以及原文中“Thus,theHandlinscontend,BlackandWhiteservants,heretoforetreatedalike,eachattainedadifferentstatus.Thereare,however,importantobjectionstothisargument.”，中文翻譯為：.因此，黑奴和白種人爭論不休，黑人和白人仆人歷來待遇相同，每個人都獲得了不同的地位。然而，對于這一論點，有一些重要的反對意見；和原文“First,theHandlinscannotadequatelydemonstratethattheWhiteservant’spositionwasimprovingduringandafterthe1660’s;severalactsoftheMarylandandVirginialegislaturesindicateotherwise.”，中文翻譯為：首先，馬里蘭州和維吉尼亞州立法機構的幾項法案表明，17世紀60年代期間和之后，這位白人仆人的地位并沒有得到充分證明?？梢酝茰y出白人仆人的地位沒有提高，因此D選項符合題意。

2.細節(jié)事實題。由題干可以定位到文章第中“ThefirstmentionofslaveryinthestatutesoftheEnglishcoloniesofNorthAmericadoesnotoccuruntilafter1660—somefortyyearsaftertheimportationofthefirstBlackpeople.”中文翻譯為：在北美英國殖民地大法規(guī)中，只有在1660年之后才首次對奴隸制度有所提及，即黑人被輸入到美洲后的四十年。“Lestwethinkthatslaveryexistedinfactbeforeitdidinlaw,OscarandMaryHandlinassureus,thatthestatusofBlackpeopledowntothel660’swasthatofservants.”，中文翻譯為：唯恐我認為奴隸制度事實上的存在先于其法律上的存在，奧斯卡和瑪麗?漢德林使我們相信，直到十七世紀六十年代為止，黑人的地位是充當傭人。以及“Itistruethatbeforethe1660'sBlackpeoplewererarelycalledslaves.”中文翻譯為：的確，在1660年以前，黑人很少被稱為奴隸?？梢酝茰y出A選項是作者最不可能同意的觀點。

3.細節(jié)事實題。由題干可以定位到文章第中“Thepossibilityhasimportantramifications.”中文翻譯為：這種可能性具有重要的意義。以及“IffromtheoutsetBlackpeoplewerediscriminatedagainst,thenlegalslaveryshouldbeviewedasareflectionandanextensionofracialprejudiceratherthan,asmanyhistoriansincludingtheHandlinshaveargued,thecauseofprejudice.”，中文翻譯為：假若從一開始起黑人就遭到歧視，那么，法律上的奴隸制度應被視作種族歧視的一種反應和延伸，而不應像包括漢德林夫婦在內的許多史學家所指出的那樣，被視作種族偏見的起因?？梢酝茰y出C選項正確。

4.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章中“FreyreandTannenbaumhaverightlyarguedthatthelackofcertaintraditionsinNorthAmerica-suchasaRomanconceptionofslaveryandaRomanCatholicemphasisonequality—explainswhythetreatmentofBlackslaveswasmoreseveretherethanintheSpanishandPortuguesecoloniesofSouthAmerica.”中文翻譯為：弗雷爾和坦納博不無道理指出，北美洲某些傳統(tǒng)的缺失一一比如古羅馬有關奴隸制度的觀念以及羅馬天主對于平等的強調一一可以說明黑人奴隸在那里的待遇要比在南美洲西班牙和葡萄牙殖民地的黑人奴隸的待遇更為苛刻?？梢缘弥狢選項符合題意。

5.細節(jié)事實題。由題干可以定位到文章第中“FreyreandTannenbaumhaverightlyargued...”中文翻譯為:“弗雷爾和坦納博正確地主張了/論證了……”以及“Butthiscannotbethewholeexplanationsinceitismerelybasedonlyonalackofsomething.”中文翻譯為：但是，這并不能成為一種完整的解釋，因為僅僅是從反面進行的，以某些事物的缺乏為其依據(jù)?？梢酝茰y出B選項正確。

8.單選題

Theyweremorethangladtoleavetheircarsparkedandwalked（

）forachange.

問題1選項

A.as

B.for

C.to

D.by

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：他們更樂意去把車停放在某個地方，然后改為走路。選項B符合題意。

9.單選題

Americanshaveaprofoundlongingforheroes-nowperhapsmorethanever.Onsomelevel,westill（）themythofthemaninthewhitehat.

問題1選項

A.succeedto

B.subscribeto

C.succeedagainst

D.subsideinto

【答案】B

【解析】固定搭配。succeedto“繼承，接著發(fā)生”；subscribeto“同意，贊成”；succeedagainst“成功應對”；subsideinto“逐漸衰退”。句意：美國人對英雄有一種深厚的渴望-現(xiàn)在活著比以往更加渴望。在某種程度上，我們仍然相信戴白帽子人的神話。選項B符合題意。

10.單選題

Theoriginalelectionsweredeclared（

）bytheformermilitaryruler.

問題1選項

A.void

B.vulgar

C.surplus

D.extravagant

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。void意為“無效的，空的”；vulgar意為“庸俗的，粗俗的，粗野的”；surplus意為“過剩的”；extravagant意為“奢侈的，揮霍的，過分的”。

句意：最初的選舉被先前軍事統(tǒng)治統(tǒng)治者宣布無效。

11.單選題

Mycatisafussyeater,butmydogisso（）thatshe’llswallowdownanythingthatisputinfrontofher.

問題1選項

A.indiscriminate

B.choosy

C.indefinite

D.picky

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項indiscriminate“不加選擇的”；B選項choosy“好挑剔的”；C選項indefinite“不確定的，無限的”；D選項picky“挑剔的”。句意：我的貓很挑食，但我的狗卻不加選擇地吃任何擺在她面前的東西。根據(jù)句意可知，填空處應填入一個和fussy（愛挑剔的）意思相反的單詞，所以選項A符合語境。

12.單選題

Manypeopleseemtothinkthatsciencefictionistypifiedbythecoversofsomeoftheoldpulpmagazines:theBug-EyedMonster,embodyingeverytraitand（1）thatmostpeoplefindrepulsive,isabouttograb,andpresumablyravish,asweet,blonde,curvaceous,scantily-cladEarthgirl.Thisisunfortunatebecauseitdemeansand（2）aworthwhileandevenimportantliteraryendeavor.In（3）tothisunwarrantedstereotype,sciencefictionrarelyemphasizessex,andwhenit（4）,itismorediscreetthanothercontemporaryfiction.（5）,thebasicinterestofsciencefictionliesinthe（6）betweenmanandhistechnologyandbetweenmanandtheuniverse.Sciencefictionisaliteratureofchangeandaliteratureofthefuture,andwhileitwouldbefoolishto（7）thatsciencefictionisamajorliterarygenreatthistime,the（8）ofhumanlifethatitconsidersmakeitwellworthreadingandstudyingfor（9）otherliteraryformdoesquitethesamethings.

Thequestionis:whatissciencefiction?Andtheanswer（0）be,unfortunately,thattherehavebeen（1）attemptstoconsiderthisquestionatanylengthorwithmuchseriousness;itmaywellbethatsciencefictionwillresistanycomprehensivedefinitionofits（12）.Tosaythis,however,doesnotmeanthattherearenowaysofdefiningit,（13）thatvariousfacetsofitstotalitycannotbeclarified.Tobeginwith,thefollowing（14）shouldbehelpful:sciencefictionisaliterarysubgenrewhichpostulatesachange(forhumanbeings)fromconditionsasweknowthemandfollowsthe（15）ofthesechangestoaconclusion.Althoughthisdefinitionwillnecessarilybemodifiedand（16）,itcoversmuchofthebasicgroundworkandprovidesa（17）ofdeparture.

Thefirstpoint—thatsciencefictionisaliterarysubgenre—isaveryimportantone,butonewhichisoftenoverlookedor（18）inmostdiscussionsofsciencefiction.Specifically,sciencefictioniscitherashortstoryoranovel.（19）areonlyafewdramaswhichcouldbe（20）sciencefiction,withKarelCapek’sRUR(Russum’sUniversalRobots)（21）theonlyonethatiswell-known;thebodyofpoetrythatmightbelabeledsciencefictionisonlyslightlylarger.Tosaythatsciencefictionisasubgenreofprosefictionistosaythatithasallthebasiccharacteristicsandservesthatsamebasic（22）inmuchthesamewayasprosefiction（23）,thatis,itsharesagreatdealwithallothernovelsandshortstories.

Everythingthatcan（24）aboutprosefiction,ingeneral,appliestosciencefiction.Everypieceofsciencefiction,（25）shortstoryornovel,musthaveanarrator,astory,aplot,asetting,characters,languageandtheme.And（26）anyprose,thethemesofsciencefictionareconcernedwith（27）man’snatureandexperienceinrelationtotheworldaroundhim.Themesinsciencefictionareconstructedand（28）inexactlythesamewaysthatthemesaredealtwithinanyotherkindoffiction.Theyaretheresultofaparticular（29）ofnarrator,story,plot,character,setting,andlanguage.Inshort,thereasonsforreadingandenjoyingsciencefiction,andthewaysofstudyingandanalyzingit,arebasicallythesameastheywould（30）foranyotherstoryornovel.

問題1選項

A.expression

B.feature

C.character

D.merit

問題2選項

A.deserts

B.advocates

C.degrades

D.reduces

問題3選項

A.regard

B.contrast

C.relation

D.accordance

問題4選項

A.was

B.is

C.did

D.does

問題5選項

A.Instead

B.However

C.Therefore

D.Also

問題6選項

A.bonds

B.communication

C.relation

D.alliance

問題7選項

A.claim

B.swear

C.request

D.confirm

問題8選項

A.dimensions

B.walks

C.aspects

D.roles

問題9選項

A.none

B.some

C.any

D.no

問題10選項

A.should

B.must

C.will

D.can’t

問題11選項

A.few

B.afew

C.little

D.alittle

問題12選項

A.essence

B.characteristics

C.quality

D.value

問題13選項

A.nor

B.so

C.though

D.since

問題14選項

A.procedure

B.argument

C.instruction

D.definition

問題15選項

A.suggestions

B.applications

C.implications

D.descriptions

問題16選項

A.prolonged

B.expanded

C.continued

D.stretched

問題17選項

A.point

B.dot

C.location

D.spot

問題18選項

A.abandoned

B.dismissed

C.initiated

D.ignored

問題19選項

A.Those

B.What

C.There

D.They

問題20選項

A.referred

B.entitled

C.called

D.declared

問題21選項

A.being

B.is

C.are

D.does

問題22選項

A.intentions

B.functions

C.routines

D.occasions

問題23選項

A.inresult

B.incommon

C.ingeneral

D.inmanner

問題24選項

A.besaying

B.besaid

C.tosay

D.say

問題25選項

A.either

B.neither

C.notonly

D.whether

問題26選項

A.as

B.though

C.unlike

D.like

問題27選項

A.interpreting

B.translating

C.exchanging

D.representing

問題28選項

A.recognized

B.presented

C.depicted

D.expressed

問題29選項

A.conflict

B.cooperation

C.collection

D.combination

問題30選項

A.have

B.do

C.be

D.make

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:A

第6題:C

第7題:A

第8題:C

第9題:D

第10題:B

第11題:A

第12題:B

第13題:A

第14題:D

第15題:C

第16題:B

第17題:A

第18題:D

第19題:C

第20題:C

第21題:A

第22題:B

第23題:C

第24題:B

第25題:D

第26題:D

第27題:A

第28題:B

第29題:C

第30題:D

【解析】1.【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項expression“表現(xiàn)，表達；表情”；B選項feature“特色，特征；容貌；特寫”；C選項character“性格，品質；特性；角色”；D選項merit“優(yōu)點，價值；功績；功過”。由空格前trait“特點”可知B選項正確。

2.【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項desert“遺棄；放棄；逃跑”；B選項advocate“提倡，主張，擁護”；C選項degrade“貶低；使……丟臉；使……降級；使……降解”；D選項reduce“減少；降低”。由空格前關鍵字demean“貶低……的身份”可知C選項正確。

3.【試題解析】考查固定搭配。incontrastto“與……相反”，由空格后關鍵句sciencefictionrarelyemphasizessex，中文翻譯為：科幻小說很少強調性，可知B選項正確。

4.【試題解析】考查語法。由空格前的句子可知此處為一般現(xiàn)在時，并且這里為主謂結構。根據(jù)語境和句意可知D選項正確。

5.【試題解析】考查邏輯關系。結合后文“thebasicinterestofsciencefictionliesin...betweenmanandhistechnologyandbetweenmanandtheuniverse.”，中文大意為：科幻小說的根本興趣在于人與其技術和人與宇宙之間的……。因此判斷出空格處表示相反的意思，A選項正確。

6.【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項bonds“聯(lián)結，連接，聯(lián)系”；B選項communication“通訊；通信；交流”；C選項relation“關系；敘述；親屬關系”；D選項alliance“聯(lián)盟，聯(lián)合；聯(lián)姻”。聯(lián)系下文“betweenmanandhistechnologyandbetweenmanandtheuniverse.”，句意：人與其技術和人與宇宙之間的……根據(jù)語境和句意可知C選項正確。

7.【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項claim“聲稱；需要”；B選項swear“發(fā)誓；咒罵”；C選項request“請求”；D選項confirm“確認；確定”。由下文“thatsciencefictionisamajorliterarygenre”，中文翻譯為：科幻小說是一個主要的文學形式，可知A選項正確。

8.【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項dimension“范圍；尺寸，長度；深度”；B選項walk“步行；行業(yè)；人行道”；C選項aspect“方面；方向；形勢；外貌”；D選項role“角色；任務”。根據(jù)上下文可知C選項正確。

9.【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項none“沒有人；一個也沒有；沒有任何東西”；B選項some“一些；若干；其中的一部分；（數(shù)量不確切時用）有些人”；C選項any“任何；任何一個；若干”；D選項no“沒有；不”。根據(jù)上文makeitwellworthreadingandstudying，中文翻譯為：讓它值得被閱讀和研究。for在本句話中翻譯為“因為”，結合上下文意思，D選項正確。

10.【試題解析】考查邏輯關系。結合上下文可知該空格處應表示有把握的一種推測。因此B選項正確。

11.【試題解析】考查邏輯關系。結合上下文，空格處應表示“幾乎不”，此處大意應為：幾乎沒有人試圖對這個問題作過詳盡或認真的考慮。結合句意A選項正確。

12.【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項essence“本質，實質；精華”；B選項characteristics“特性，特征；特色”；C選項quality“質量，品質；特性”；D選項value“價值；價格”。B選項正確。

13.【試題解析】考查邏輯關系。聯(lián)系下文“variousfacetsofitstotalitycannotbeclarified”，中文翻譯為“它全體的各個方面不能被澄清”可知此處表示否定，A選項正確。

14.【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項procedure“程序，手續(xù)；步驟”；B選項argument“論證；論據(jù)；爭吵”；C選項instruction“指令；教導；用法說明”；D選項definition“定義；清晰度”。根據(jù)句意，D選項正確。

15.【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項suggestion“建議；示意”；B選項application“應用；申請；敷用”；C選項implication“含義；暗示；可能的結果，影響”；D選項description“描述，描寫”。聯(lián)系上下文可知C選項正確。

16.【試題解析】考查詞義。A選項prolong“延長；拖延”；B選項expand“擴展；使膨脹；詳述”；C選項continue“延續(xù)”；D選項stretch“伸展，張開；使竭盡所能”。結合句意，B選項正確。

17.【試題解析】考查固定搭配。apointofdeparture“出發(fā)點”。A選項正確。

18.【試題解析】考查詞義。A選項abandon“放棄”；B選項dismiss“解散；解雇”；C選項initiate“開始；發(fā)起”；D選項ignore“忽視；不理睬”。結合上下文及空格之前的內容，可知D選項正確。

19.【試題解析】考查語法。therebe表示某處存在某人或某物。此處大意為：只有一些戲劇作品……因此C選項正確。

20.【試題解析】考查詞義，A選項refer“涉及；委托；歸諸于；使……求助于”；B選項entitle“給……稱號；使……有權利”；C選項call“稱呼；召集；稱為”；D選項declare“忽視；不理睬”。結合上下文語義，可知C選項正確。

21.【試題解析】考查語法。With引導伴隨狀語，后面的系動詞be要用現(xiàn)在分詞形式，因此A選項正確。

22.【試題解析】考查詞義。A選項intention“意圖；目的；意向；愈合”；B選項function“功能；職責”；C選項routine“程序；日常工作；例行公事”；D選項occasion“時機；場合”。結合上下文可知B選項正確，意為“為同樣的功能服務”。

23.【試題解析】考查邏輯關系。此處后文“thatis,itsharesagreatdealwithallothernovelsandshortstories.”中文翻譯為：也就是說，它與其他小說和短篇故事有很多相同之處。結合上下文，可知C選項正確。

24.【試題解析】考查語法。此處為被動語態(tài)，can為情態(tài)動詞，后面所接動詞用原型。故選B。

25.【試題解析】考查邏輯關系。由上下文可知此處應該表示“無論”，因此D選項正確。

26.