書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-安徽國防科技職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

JohnaskedMary（）forherelectronicdictionary.

問題1選項

A.didshepayhowmuch

B.shepaidhowmuch

C.howmuchdidshepay

D.howmuchshepaid

【答案】D

【解析】考查賓語從句的用法?？崭裉幩诰渥訛橘e語從句，從句的語序應(yīng)為：疑問詞+主語+謂語。故D項正確。句意：John問Mary買的電子詞典多少錢。

2.單選題

Theseareasrelyonagriculturealmost（）,havingfewmineralresourcesandaminimumofindustrialdevelopment.

問題1選項

A.incredibly

B.exclusively

C.extraordinarily

D.respectively

【答案】B

【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。incredibly“難以置信地”；exclusively“唯一地”;extraordinarily“極其”；respectively“分別地”。根據(jù)后面havingfewmineralresourcesandaminimumofindustrialdevelopment“幾乎沒有礦藏，工業(yè)發(fā)展也少”可知當(dāng)?shù)刂灰揽哭r(nóng)業(yè)，因此選項B符合題意。

3.單選題

Itisacuriousparadoxthatwethinkofthephysicalsciencesas“hard”，thesocialsciencesas“soft”,andthebiologicalsciencesassomewhereinbetween.Thisisinterpretedtomeanthatourknowledgeofphysicalsystemismorecertainthanourknowledgeofbiologicalsystems,andtheseinturnaremorecertainthanourknowledgeofsocialsystems.Intermsofourcapacityofsampletherelevantuniverses,however,andtheprobabilitythatourimagesoftheseuniversesareatleastapproximatelycorrect,onesuspectsthatareverseorderismorereasonable.

Weareabletosampleearth’ssocialsystemswithsomedegreeofconfidencethatwehaveareasonablesampleofthetotaluniversebeinginvestigated.Ourknowledgeofsocialsystems,therefore,whileitisinmanywaysextremelyinaccurate,isnotlikelytobeseriouslyoverturnedbynewdiscoveries.Eventhefolkknowledgeinsocialsystemsonwhichordinarylifeisbasedinearning,spending,organizing,marrying,takingpartinpoliticalactivities,fightingandsoon,isnotverydissimilarfromthemoresophisticatedimagesofthesocialsystemderivedfromthesocialsciences,eventhoughitisbuiltupontheveryimperfectsamplesofpersonalexperience.Incontrast,ourimageoftheastronomicaluniverse,orevenifearth’sgeologicalhistory,caneasilybesubjecttorevolutionarychangesasnewdatacomeinandnewtheoriesareworkedout.Ifwedefinethe“security”ofourimageofvariouspartsofthetotalsystemastheprobabilityoftheirsufferingsignificantchanges,thenwewouldreversetheorderforhardnessandasthemostsecure,thephysicalsciencesastheleastsecure,andagainthebiologicalsciencesassomewhereinbetween.Ourimageoftheastronomicaluniverseistheleastsecureofallsimplybecauseweobservesuchafantasticallysmallsampleofitanditsrecord-keepingistrivialrecordsofbiologicalsystems.Recordsoftheastronomicaluniverse,despitethefactthatwelearntthingsastheywerelongage,arelimitedintheextreme.

Eveninregardtosuchacloseneighborasthemoon,whichwehaveactuallyvisited,theoriesaboutitsoriginandhistoryareextremelydifferent,contradictory,andhardtochooseamong.Ourknowledgeofphysicalevolutionisincompleteandinsecure.

1.Theword“paradox”(Line1,Para.1)means“（

）”

2.Accordingtotheauthor,weshouldreverseourclassificationofthephysicalsciencesas“hard”andthesocialsciencesas“soft”because（

）.

3.Theauthorbelievesthatourknowledgeofsocialsystemsismoresecurethanthatofphysicalsystemsbecause（

）

4.Thechancesofthephysicalsciencesbeingsubjecttogreatchangesarethebiggest

because（

）

.

5.Weknowlessabouttheastronomicaluniversethanwedoaboutanysocialsystem

because（

）

.

問題1選項

A.implication

B.contradiction

C.interpretation

D.confusion

問題2選項

A.areverseorderingwillhelppromotethedevelopmentofthephysicalsciences.

B.ourknowledgeofphysicalsystemsismorereliablethanthatofsocialsystems.

C.ourunderstandingofthesocialsystemsisapproximatelycorrect.

D.wearebetterabletoinvestigatesocialphenomenathanphysicalphenomena.

問題3選項

A.itisnotbasedonpersonalexperience.

B.newdiscoveriesarelesslikelytooccurinsocialsciences.

C.itisbasedonafairlyrepresentativequantityofdata.

D.therecordsofsocialsystemsaremorereliable.

問題4選項

A.contradictorytheorieskeepemergingallthetime.

B.newinformationisconstantlycomingin.

C.thedirectionoftheirdevelopmentisdifficulttopredict.

D.ourknowledgeofthephysicalworldisinaccurate.

問題5選項

A.theoriesofitsoriginandhistoryarevaried.

B.ourknowledgeofitishighlyinsecure.

C.onlyaverysmallsampleofithasbeenobserved.

D.fewscientistsareinvolvedinthestudyofastronomy

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.paradox“矛盾，悖論”。implication“含義”；contradiction“矛盾，否認(rèn)”；interpretation“解釋”；confusion“混淆”。選項B符合題意。

2.文章第二段第一句話weareabletosampleearth’ssocialsystemswithsomedegreeofconfidencethatwehaveareasonablesampleofthetotaluniversebeinginvestigated提到我們能夠在調(diào)查地球的社會體系時自信地認(rèn)為我們有整個領(lǐng)域作為合理的樣本供研究；該段倒數(shù)第二句話ourimageoftheastronomicaluniverseistheleastsecureofallsimplybecauseweobservesuchafantasticallysmallsampleofitanditsrecord-keepingistrivialrecordsofbiologicalsystems提到我們對于天文領(lǐng)域的研究是最不靠譜的，因為我們觀察的是一個不切實際的小樣本。從這兩句話可知，研究社會知識的樣本比研究天文知識的樣本要大并且實際，所以我們能更好地去研究社會現(xiàn)象，選項D符合題意。

3.文章第二段第二句ourknowledgeofsocialsystems,therefore,whileitisinmanywaysextremelyinaccurate,isnotlikelytobeseriouslyoverturnedbynewdiscoveries提到在社會體系中，它不太可能被新的發(fā)現(xiàn)嚴(yán)重顛覆。選項B符合題意。

4.文章第二段incontrast,ourimageoftheastronomicaluniverse,orevenifearth’sgeologicalhistory,caneasilybesubjecttorevolutionarychangesasnewdatacomeinandnewtheoriesareworkedout提到我們對于天文宇宙或者地球的地理歷史的概念，當(dāng)新的數(shù)據(jù)和理論進(jìn)入時都很容易遭受革命性的變化，選項B符合題意。

5.文章第二段ourimageoftheastronomicaluniverseistheleastsecureofallsimplybecauseweobservesuchafantasticallysmallsampleofitanditsrecord-keepingistrivialrecordsofbiologicalsystems提到我們對于天文領(lǐng)域的研究是最不靠譜的，因為我們觀察的是一個不切實際的小樣本。選項C符合題意。

4.單選題

Inthe（）ofthisearthquake,manynationalandinternationalcommunitiesofferedhelpandassistance.

問題1選項

A.sense

B.hope

C.case

D.wake

【答案】D

【解析】句意:隨著這個地震而來的是很多國家和國際團(tuán)體主動提供幫助。

考查短語辨析。Inthesenseof從…意義上說;inthehopeof懷著…的希望;inthecaseof至于,在…的情況下;inthewakeof緊緊跟隨,隨著…而來。因此D符合句意。

5.單選題

WhenthenewsofaUFOsightingwasbroadcastonradio,somelistenerscalledtochallengethe（）ofit.

問題1選項

A.vicissitude

B.value

C.validity

D.visitation

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。vicissitude變遷，盛衰；value價值；validity正確性；visitation訪問，探視。由challenge可知聽眾想挑戰(zhàn)該消息的正確性。C項正確。句意：當(dāng)一個不明飛行物目擊事件的消息播出廣播,一些聽眾打電話來挑戰(zhàn)消息的正確性。

6.單選題

PopularintheUKaretheolderruinsatthecastle’sedge,knownas“theabbey”:Twosmallcells,（）withivy,crumblingandopentothesky.

問題1選項

A.strewn

B.loaded

C.permeated

D.crammed

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項strewn“撒滿的，散播的”；B選項loaded“載著重物的”；C選項permeated“彌漫的，遍布的”，多指氣味彌漫或液體滲透；D選項crammed“擠滿的”。句意：在英國很受歡迎的是城堡邊緣的古老廢墟，被稱為“修道院”：兩個小隔間，散布著常春藤，搖搖欲墜，朝向天空。選項A符合句意。

7.翻譯題

B:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.

ThisnewnormaloftheChineseeconomywillcontinuetobringmoreopportunitiesoftrade,growth,investmentandcooperationforothercountriesinAsiaandbeyond.Inthecomingfiveyears,ChinawillimportmorethanUS$10trillionofgoods,ChineseinvestmentabroadwillexceedUS$500billion,andmorethan500millionoutboundvisitswillbemadebyChinesetourists.Chinawillsticktoitsbasicstatepolicyofopeningup,improveitsinvestmentclimate,andprotectthelawfulrightsandinterestsofinvestors.Ibelievethattogether,thepeopleofAsiancountriescoulddrivethistrainofAsia’sdevelopmenttotakeAsiatoanevenbrighterfuture.

【答案】中國經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展進(jìn)入新常態(tài)，將繼續(xù)給包括亞洲國家在內(nèi)的世界各國提供更多市場、增長、投資、合作機遇。未來5年，中國進(jìn)口商品將超過10萬億美元，對外投資將超過5000億美元，出境旅游人數(shù)將超過5億人次。中國將堅持對外開放的基本國策，不斷完善國內(nèi)投資環(huán)境，保護(hù)投資者合法權(quán)益。我相信，亞洲各國人民能夠共同推動亞洲發(fā)展的這一列車，把亞洲帶向更加光明的未來。

8.單選題

Highlevelsofradonhavebeen（

）inthehouse.

問題1選項

A.observed

B.noticed

C.extracted

D.detected

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞辨析。observe意為“觀察，研究”；notice意為“注意”；extract意為“提取，提煉”；detect意為“查明，發(fā)現(xiàn)，偵察出”。

句意：房子里發(fā)現(xiàn)了高濃度的氡。

9.單選題

Icertainlydidn’tintendto______yourplans.

問題1選項

A.upset

B.shake

C.shave

D.drag

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查定語從句。A選項upset“打亂；打翻”；B選項shake“搖動，抖動”；C選項shave“剃毛”；D選項drag“（使勁而吃力地）拖”。句意：我當(dāng)然不想______你的計劃。根據(jù)語境，這里指的是不想妨礙計劃，A選項upset“打亂”符合題意。因此A選項正確。

10.單選題

Inlastweek’sTribune,therewasaninterestingletterfromMr.J.StewartCook,inwhichhesuggestedthatthebestwayofavoidingthedangerofa“scientifichierarchy”wouldbetoseetoitthateverymemberofthegeneralpublicwas,asfaraspossible,scientificallyeducated.Atthesametime,scientistsshouldbebroughtoutoftheirisolationandencouragedtotakeagreaterpartinpoliticsandadministration.

Asageneralstatement,Ithinkmostofuswouldagreewiththis,butInoticethat,asusual,Mr.Cookdoesnotdefinescience,andmerelyimpliesinpassingthatitmeanscertainexactscienceswhoseexperimentscanbemadeunderlaboratoryconditions.Thus,adulteducationtends“toneglectscientificstudiesinfavorofliterary,economicandsocialsubjects”,economicsandsociologynotbeingregardedasbranchesofscience,apparent.Thispointisofgreatimportance.Forthewordscienceisatpresentusedinatleasttwomeanings,butthewholequestionofscientificeducationisobscuredbythecurrenttendencytododgefromonemeaningtotheother.

Scienceisgenerallytakenasmeaningeither（a）theexactsciences,suchaschemistry,physics,etc.,or（b）amethodofthoughtwhichobtainsverifiableresultsbyreasoninglogicallyfromobservedfact.

Ifyouaskanyscientist,orindeedalmostanyeducatedperson,“Whatisscience?”Youarelikelytogetananswerapproximatingto（b）.Ineverydaylife,however,bothinspeakingandinwriting,whenpeoplesay“science”theymean（a）.Sciencemeanssomethingthathappensinalaboratory:test-tubesbalances,Bunsenburners,microscopes.Abiologist,anastronomer,perhapspsychologistoramathematician,isdescribedasamanofsciencenoonewouldthinkofapplyingthistermtoastatesman,apoet,ajournalistorevenaphilosopher.Andthosewhotellusthattheyoungmustbescientificallyeducatedmean,almostinvariably,thattheyshouldbetaughtmoreaboutradioactivity,orthestars,orthephysiologyoftheirownbodies,ratherthanthattheyshouldbetaughttothinkmoreexactly.

Thisconfusionofmeaning,whichispartlydeliberate,hasinitagreatdanger,Impliedinthedemandformorescientificeducationistheclaimthatifonehasbeenscientificallytrainedonesapproachtoallsubjectswillbemoreintelligentthanifonehadhadnosuchtraining.Ascientistspoliticalopinions,itisassumed,hisopinionsonsociologicalquestions,onmorals,onphilosophyperhapsevenonthearts,willbemorevaluablethanthoseofalayman.Buta“scientist”,aswehavejustseen,meansinpracticeaspecialistinoneoftheexactsciences.Itfollowsthatachemistorphysicist,assuch,ispoliticallymoreintelligentthanapoetoralawyer.And,infact,therearealreadymillionsofpeoplewhodobelievethis.

Butisitreallytruethata“scientist”,inthisnarrowersense,isanylikelierthanotherpeopletoapproachnon-scientificproblemsinanobjectiveway?Thereisnotmuchreasonforthinkingso.Takeonesimpletest—theabilitytowithstandnationalism.Itisoftenlooselysaidthat“Scienceisinternational,”butinpracticethescientificworkersofallcountrieslineupbehindtheirowngovernmentswithfewerscruplesthanarefeltbythewritersandtheartists.TheGermanscientificcommunity,asawhole,madenoresistancetoHitler.Therewereplentyofgiftedmentodothenecessaryresearchonsuchthingsassyntheticoil,jetplanes,rocketprojectilesandtheatomicbomb.

Ontheotherhand,whathappenedtoGermanliteraturewhentheNaziscametopower?Ibelieveexhaustivelistshavebeenpublished,butIimaginethatthenumberofGermanscientists—Jewapart—whovoluntarilyexiledthemselvesorwerepersecutedbytheregimewasmuchsmallerthanthenumberofwritersandjournalists.Moresinisterthanthis,anumberofGermanscientistsswallowedthemonstrosity（巨大而丑陋的東西）of“racialscience”.

Butdoesthismeanthatthegeneralpublicshouldnotbemorescientificallyeducated?Onthecontrary.Allitmeansisthatscientificeducationforthemasseswilldolittlegood,andprobablyalotofharm,ifitsimplyboilsdowntomorephysics,morechemistry,morebiology,etc.tothedetrimentofliteratureandhistory.It’sprobableeffectontheaveragehumanbeingwouldbetonarrowtherangeofhisthoughtsandmakehimmorethanevercontemptuousofsuchknowledgeashedidnotpossess;andhispoliticalreactionswouldprobablybesomewhatlessintelligentthanthoseofanilliteratepeasantwhoretainedafewhistoricalmemoriesandafairlysoundaestheticsense.

Clearly,scientificeducationoughttomeantheimplantingofarational,skeptical,experimentalhabitofmind.Itoughttomeanacquiringamethod—amethodthatcanbeusedonanyproblemthatonemeets—andnotsimplypilingupalotoffacts.Putitinthosewords,andtheapologistofscientificeducationwillusuallyagree.Presshimfurther,askhimtoparticularize,andsomehowitalwaysturnsoutthatscientificeducationmeansmoreattentiontotheexactsciences,inotherwords—morefacts.Theideathatsciencemeansawayoflookingattheworld,andnotsimplyabodyofknowledge,isinpracticestronglyresisted.Ithinksheerprofessional,jealousyispartofthereasonforthis.

1.Weknowfromthesecondparagraphthattheauthorconsidersthepresentdefinitionoftheword“science”（）.

2.Whenpeoplearetalkingaboutscience,theymayNOTreferto（）.

3.Theauthor,contrastsGermansciencewithClurmanliteraturetosupportviewpointthat（）.

4.Anaveragepersonignorantofhistory,beingcomparedwithanilliteratefarmer,withhistoricalmemoriesistoshowthat（）.

5.Thepassagecanbebestsummarizedas（）.

問題1選項

A.ambiguous

B.ambivalent

C.questionable

D.inappropriate

問題2選項

A.physics

B.physiology

C.philosophy

D.psychology

問題3選項

A.Germanliteraturehaslongbeenpersecutedbythegovernment

B.writersarethemostdisruptiveforceofagovernment

C.scientistsaremoreinclinedtosupporttheirgovernmentsthanwriters

D.Germanscientistsshouldnotbeonthesideoftheracists

問題4選項

A.inscientificeducation,theteachingofhistoryshouldn’tbeneglected

B.historyisimportantforapersonwhowantstobeoutstanding

C.historyisthemostimportantsubjectinscientificeducation

D.inscientificeducation,morehistorycoursesshouldbeprovided

問題5選項

A.contrastingsciencewithliterature

B.explainingwhatscienceis

C.givingabetterdefinitionofscience

D.pointingoutpeoplesmisunderstandingofscience

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:1.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“從第二段中可知，作者認(rèn)為當(dāng)下對‘科學(xué)’這個詞的定義是怎樣的？”文章第二段最后一句話提到“因為在當(dāng)下‘科學(xué)’的含義至少有兩種，但目前人們傾向于從一種含義轉(zhuǎn)向另一種含義，整個科學(xué)教育問題模糊不清”(Forthewordscienceisatpresentusedinatleasttwomeanings,butthewholequestionofscientificeducationisobscuredbythecurrenttendencytododgefromonemeaningtotheother)，因此選項A“模糊不清的，模棱兩可的”符合題意。ambivalent“矛盾的”；questionable“可疑的，有問題的”；inappropriate“不適當(dāng)?shù)摹薄?/p>

第2題:2.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“當(dāng)人們談?wù)摽茖W(xué)時，他們沒有涉及下列哪項？”文章第四段提到生物學(xué)家、天文學(xué)家，可能是心理學(xué)家或數(shù)學(xué)家，被描述為科學(xué)家，而沒有人會想到用這個詞來形容政治家、詩人、記者甚至哲學(xué)家（Abiologist,anastronomer,perhapspsychologistoramathematician,isdescribedasamanofsciencenoonewouldthinkofapplyingthistermtoastatesman,apoet,ajournalistorevenaphilosopher），由此可知人們在談?wù)摽茖W(xué)時，他們不是指哲學(xué)，因此選項C符合題意。Physics“物理學(xué)”；physiology“生理學(xué)”；psychology“心理學(xué)”。

第3題:3.推理判斷題。題目問的是“作者將德國科學(xué)與克魯曼文學(xué)進(jìn)行對比，來支持下列哪個觀點？”文章第六段第四句提到人們常泛泛地說“科學(xué)是國際性的”，但實際上所有國家的科學(xué)工作者都站在自己政府一邊，比作家和藝術(shù)家們所感到的顧慮要少得多(Itisoftenlooselysaidthat"Scienceisinternational,"butinpracticethescientificworkersofallcountrieslineupbehindtheirowngovernmentswithfewerscruplesthanarefeltbythewritersandtheartists)。然后將德國科學(xué)家與文學(xué)家對待納粹黨的態(tài)度進(jìn)行對比，指出前者接受納粹黨，而后者則由于反對而受到迫害的居多，因此選項C“科學(xué)家比作家更傾向于支持他們的政府”符合題意。

第4題:4.推理判斷題。題目問的是“一個對歷史一無所知的普通人，與一個目不識丁的農(nóng)民相比，用歷史的記憶來說明什么？”文章倒數(shù)第二段提到對大眾的科學(xué)教育如果只是注重在物理、化學(xué)、生物等方面的教育并沒有好處，可能還會有危害。然后提到接受科學(xué)教育的一般人的政治反應(yīng)可能比一個目不識丁的農(nóng)民的反應(yīng)要遲鈍，因為后者還保留著一些歷史記憶和相當(dāng)健全的審美意識（It’sprobableeffectontheaveragehumanbeingwouldbetonarrowtherangeofhisthoughtsandmakehimmorethanevercontemptuousofsuchknowledgeashedidnotpossess;andhispoliticalreactionswouldprobablybesomewhatlessintelligentthanthoseofanilliteratepeasantwhoretainedafewhistoricalmemoriesandafairlysoundaestheticsense），由此可知作者是為了說明在科學(xué)教育中，歷史教學(xué)不應(yīng)該被忽略，選項A符合題意。

第5題:5.主旨大意題。題目問的是“這篇文章可以最好地概括為……”。文章開篇由一封信引出科學(xué)這個概念，提到科學(xué)至少有兩種定義，而當(dāng)下用得比較多的定義是第一種，即精確的科學(xué)，比如化學(xué)、物理學(xué)等；接著提到科學(xué)家與文學(xué)家的區(qū)別，并且舉了德國科學(xué)與文學(xué)之間的區(qū)別的例子，這些都是在圍繞“科學(xué)是什么”這個主題進(jìn)行的。因此選項B符合題意。

11.單選題

（

）quantitiesofwaterarebeingusednowadayswiththerapiddevelopmentofindustryandagriculture.

問題1選項

A.Excessive

B.Extensive

C.Extreme

D.Exclusive

【答案】B

【解析】句意:如今，隨著工農(nóng)業(yè)快速發(fā)展水的消耗很大。

形容詞辨析。Excessive過多的，過分的;Extensive廣泛的，大量的;Extreme極端的;exclusive獨有的，排外的。因此B符合句意。

12.單選題

Thatstoryyouhavejusttold______meofanexperienceIoncehad.

問題1選項

A.informs

B.recalls

C.reminds

D.refreshes

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。A項inform“通知，告訴”，B項recall“召回，回想起”，C項remind“提醒，使想起”，D項refresh“更新，恢復(fù)精神”。根據(jù)句子可知，remindsb.ofsth.固定搭配，表示“使某人想起某事”。句意：你剛才講的故事使我想起我曾經(jīng)有過的一次經(jīng)歷。因此，該題選擇C項正確。

13.單選題

The_______featureinTed’scharacterwaspride;hecouldn’teverthinkofdependingonanyonebuthimself.

問題1選項

A.controlling

B.prevailing

C.predominant

D.primary

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項controlling“控制欲強的（含貶義）”；B選項prevailing“普遍的，盛行的”；C選項predominant“明顯的；占優(yōu)勢的”；D選項primary“主要的，基本的”。句意：驕傲是泰德的性格中_______的特點；除了他自己，他從不指望別人。根據(jù)語境，這里是指泰德非常驕傲，很容易看出來，所以predominant“明顯的”符合題意。因此C選項正確。

14.單選題

Nothingcanbemoreabsurdthantosaythathumanbeingsaredoomed.

問題1選項

A.compelling

B.rational

C.ridiculous

D.ambiguous

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。absurd表示“荒謬的”；A項compelling“引人注目的，令人信服的”，B項rational“合理的，理性的”，C項ridiculous“可笑的，荒謬的”，D項ambiguous“模糊不清的，模棱兩可的”。句意：沒有什么比說人類命中注定更荒謬的了。根據(jù)句意可知C項正確。

15.單選題

Ican'tpossiblymarkyourhomework;yourhandwritingis（）.

問題1選項

A.illogical

B.illiterate

C.illusive

D.illegible

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞辨析。illogical不合邏輯的；illiterate不識字的，文盲的；illusive錯覺的，虛假的；illegible難辨認(rèn)的，字跡模糊的。句意：我無法給你的作業(yè)打分，因為你的筆跡難以辨認(rèn)。選項D符合句意。

16.單選題

Thedamagetomycarwas____intheaccident,butIhavealingeringfeareventoday.

問題1選項

A.insufficient

B.ignorant

C.ambiguous

D.negligible

【答案】D

【解析】

【選項釋義】

A.insufficient不充分的；不足的；不夠重要的B.ignorant（對某事物）不了解的；無知的

C.ambiguous模棱兩可的；含混不清的D.negligible微不足道的；不重要的

【答案】D

【考查點】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】句意：在這次事故中，我的汽車的損壞……，但即使在今天，我仍然心有余悸。根據(jù)邏輯，由后半句即使在今天我仍然心有余悸可以推斷，在這次事故中汽車的損壞是很小的，但是我一直很害怕。因此選D。

【干擾項排除】A、B、C選項均無法與空格前后構(gòu)成相應(yīng)邏輯關(guān)系。

【句意】在這次事故中，我的汽車的損壞微不足道，但即使在今天，我仍然心有余悸。

17.單選題

Itishardlynecessaryformetocitealltheevidenceofthedepressingstateofliteracy.ThesefiguresfromtheDepartmentofEducationaresufficient:27millionAmericanscannotreadatall,andafurther35millionreadatalevelthatislessthansufficienttosurviveinoursociety.

Butmyownworrytodayislessthatoftheoverwhelmingproblemofelementalliteracythanitisoftheslightlymoreluxuriousproblemofthedeclineintheskillevenofthemiddle-classreader,ofhisunwillingnesstoaffordthosespacesofsilence,thoseluxuriesofdomesticityandtimeandconcentration,thatsurroundtheimageoftheclassicactofreading.Ithasbeensuggestedthatalmost80percentofAmerica’sliterate,educatedteenagerscannolongerreadwithoutanaccompanyingnoise(music)inthebackgroundoratelevisionscreenflickeringatthecorneroftheirfieldofperception.Weknowverylittleaboutthebrainandhowitdealswithsimultaneousconflictinginput,buteverycommon-senseintuitionsuggestsweshouldbeprofoundlyalarmed.Thisviolationofconcentration,silence,solitudegoestotheveryheartofournotionofliteracy;thisnewformofpart-reading,ofpart-perceptionagainstbackgrounddistraction,rendersimpossiblecertainessentialactsofapprehensionandconcentration,letalonethatmostimportanttributeanyhumanbeingcanpaytoapoemorapieceofproseheorshereallyloves,whichistolearnitbyheart.Notbybrain,byheart;theexpressionisvital.

Underthesecircumstances,thequestionofwhatfuturethereisfortheartsofreadingisarealone.Aheadofuslietechnical,psychic,andsocialtransformationsprobablymuchmoredramaticthanthosebroughtaboutbyGutenberg,theGermaninventorinprinting.TheGutenbergrevolution,aswenowknowit,tookalongtime;itseffectsarestillbeingdebated.Theinformationrevolutionwilltoucheveryfactofcomposition,publication,distribution,andreading.Nooneinthebookindustrycansaywithanyconfidencewhatwillhappentothebookaswe’veknownit.

1.ThepictureofthereadingabilityoftheAmericanpeople,drawnbytheauthor,is（）.

2.Theauthor’sbiggestconcernis（）.

3.Amajorproblemwithmostadolescentswhocanreadis（）.

4.Theauthorclaimsthatthebestwayareadercanshowadmirationforapieceofpoetryorproseis（）.

5.Aboutthefutureoftheartsofreadingtheauthorfeels（）.

問題1選項

A.quiteencouraging

B.fairlybright

C.veryimpressive

D.ratherbleak

問題2選項

A.thereadingabilityandreadingbehaviorofthemiddleclass

B.thesurprisinglylowrateofliteracyintheU.S.

C.themusicalsettingAmericanreadersrequireforreading

D.elementaryschoolchildren’sdisinterestinreadingclassics

問題3選項

A.theirfondnessofmusicandTVprograms

B.theirlackofattentivenessandbasicunderstanding

C.theirignoranceofvariousformsofartandliterature

D.theirinabilitytofocusonconflictinginput

問題4選項

A.tomakeafairappraisalofitsartisticvalue

B.toanalyzeitsessentialfeatures

C.tothinkitoverconscientiously

D.tobeabletoappreciateitandmemorizeit

問題5選項

A.upset

B.uncertain

C.alarmed

D.pessimistic

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。題目問的是：作者所描繪的美國人的閱讀能力是怎樣的？根據(jù)原文第一段的首句Itishardlynecessaryformetocitealltheevidenceofthedepressingstateofliteracy.（我?guī)缀鯖]有必要列舉所有令人沮喪的人們的識字狀況）。由此可知，D選項“相當(dāng)凄涼”符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。題目問的是：作者最關(guān)心的是？根據(jù)原文第二段的首句Butmyownworrytodayislessthatoftheoverwhelmingproblemofelementalliteracythanitisoftheslightlymoreluxuriousproblemofthedeclineintheskillevenofthemiddle-classreader,ofhisunwillingnesstoaffordthosespacesofsilence,thoseluxuriesofdomesticityandtimeandconcentration,thatsurroundtheimageoftheclassicactofreading.（但我今天擔(dān)心的與其說是基本識字這個壓倒性的問題，不如說是一個更為奢侈的問題，即美國中產(chǎn)階層讀者閱讀技能的衰退，他們不愿意在安靜的地方，犧牲難得在家的時間，集中注意力用以讀書，而這些與經(jīng)典閱讀行為息息相關(guān)），由此可知A選項“中產(chǎn)階級的閱讀能力與閱讀行為”符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。題目問的是：大多數(shù)識字青少年最主要的一個問題是？根據(jù)原文第二段中的Ithasbeensuggestedthatalmost80percentofAmerica’sliterate,educatedteenagerscannolongerreadwithoutanaccompanyingnoise(music)inthebackgroundoratelevisionscreenflickeringatthecorneroftheirfieldofperception.（有人認(rèn)為，近80%有文化，受過良好教育的美國青少年，沒有背景音樂和閃爍的電視屏幕的陪伴就無法閱讀）以及thisnewformofpart-reading,ofpart-perceptionagainstbackgrounddistraction,rendersimpossiblecertainessentialactsofapprehensionandconcentration（而這種邊閱讀邊在背景干擾下進(jìn)行理解的新方法使某些基本的理解和集中行為變得不可能），由此可知，B選項“他們?nèi)狈ψ⒁饬突纠斫饬Α狈项}意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。題目問的是：作者認(rèn)為，讀者對一篇詩歌或散文表現(xiàn)贊賞的最好方式是？根據(jù)第二段倒數(shù)第二句letalonethatmostimportanttributeanyhumanbeingcanpaytoapoemorapieceofproseheorshereallyloves,whichistolearnitbyheart.（更不用說人們對他們真正喜歡的詩歌或散文給予的最高評價了，那就是把它記在心里），由此可知D選項“能夠欣賞它并記住它”符合題意。

5.觀點態(tài)度題。題目問的是：關(guān)于閱讀藝術(shù)的未來，作者的感覺是怎樣的？根據(jù)原文最后一段的第一句Underthesecircumstances,thequestionofwhatfuturethereisfortheartsofreadingisarealone.（在這種情況下，閱讀藝術(shù)的未來是什么，這確實是一個大問題。）以及最后一句話Nooneinthebookindustrycansaywithanyconfidencewhatwillhappentothebookaswe’veknownit.（在圖書界沒有人能自信地說他知道未來將會發(fā)生什么。）由此可推斷，作者認(rèn)為閱讀藝術(shù)的未來充滿了不確定性，所以選項B正確。

18.單選題

Sincetheearlynineties,the

trendinmostbusinesseshasbeentowardon-demand,always-availableproductsandservicesthatsuitthecustomer's（

）ratherthanthecompanys.

問題1選項

A.benefit

B.availability

C.suitability

D.convenience

【答案】D

【解析】固定搭配。句意:九十年代早期開始，大多數(shù)公司就傾向于經(jīng)營隨需應(yīng)變、隨時可用的產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)。這樣為顧客提供了，而不是為公司提供便利。

Suitone’sconvenience對…便利。

19.單選題

AmongthespeciesofseabirdsthatusethewindsweptcliffsoftheAtlanticcoastofCanadainthesummertomate,layeggs,andreartheiryoungarecommonmurres,Atlanticpuffins,black-leggedkittiwakes,andnortherngannets.Ofallthebirdsonthesecliffs,theblack-leggedkittiwakegullisthebestsuitedfornestingonnarrowledges.Althoughitsnestinghabitsaresimilartothoseofgullsthatnestonflatground,thereareanumberofimportantdifferencesrelatedtothecliff-nestinghabit,

Theadvantageofnestingoncliffsistheimmunityitgivesfromfoxes,whichcannotscalethesheerrocks,andfromravensandotherspeciesofgulls,whichhavedifficultyinlandingonnarrowledgestostealeggs.Thisimmunityhasbeenfollowedbyarelaxationofthedefenses,andkittiwakesdonotreacttopredatorsnearlyasfiercelyasdoground-nestinggulls.AcolonyofBonaparte'sgullsrespondstotheappearanceofapredatoryherringgullbyflyingupasagroupwithaclamorofalarmcalls,followedbyconcertedmobbing,butkittiwakessimplyignoreherringgulfs,sincetheyposelittlethreattonestsoncliffs.Neitherdokittiwakesattempttoconcealtheirnest.Mostgullskeepthenestareaclearofdroppings,andremoveemptyeggshellsafterthechickshavehatched,sothatthelocationofthenestisnotgivenaway.Kittiwakesdefecateovertheedgeofthenest,whichkeepsitclean,butthispractice,aswellastheirtendencytoleavethenestlitteredwitheggshells,makesitslocationveryconspicuous.

Ontheotherhand,nestingonanarrowledgehasitsownpeculiarproblems,andkittiwakebehaviorhasbecomeadaptedtoovercomethem.Thefemalekittiwakesitswhenmating,whereasothergullsstand,sothepairwillnotoverbalanceandfallofftheledge.Thenestisadeepcup,madeofmudorseaweed,toholdtheeggssafely,comparedwiththeshallowscrapeofothergulls,andthechicksareremarkablyimmobileuntilfullygrown.Theydonotrunfromtheirnestswhenapproached,andiftheyshouldcomeneartothecliffedge,theyinstinctivelyturnback.

1.Whataspectofthekittiwakegulldoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

2.Theword“immunity”inparagraph2isclosestinmeaningto（）.

3.Whyisitdifficultforravenstostealthekittiwakes'eggs?

4.Theauthormentionsthateggshellslitterthenestsofkittiwakesinorderto（）.

5.Accordingtothepassage,itcanbeinferredthatwh