書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-安徽國(guó)際商務(wù)職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Ifbusinessmenaretaxedtoomuch,theywillnolongerbe（

）toworkhard,withtheresultthattaxrevenuesmightactuallyshrink

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.cultivated

B.licensed

C.motivated

D.innovated

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。cultivated“有教養(yǎng)的”；licensed“得到許可的”；motivated“有動(dòng)機(jī)的”；innovated“改革的，創(chuàng)新的”。

句意：如果商人被收太重的稅，他們將不再努力工作，結(jié)果就是稅收收入會(huì)縮水。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

2.單選題

Theworkhas________thestatusofaclassicamongthecomposer’sadmirers.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.required

B.acquired

C.inquired

D.inspired

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)required“要求”；B選項(xiàng)acquired“獲得，取得”；C選項(xiàng)inquired“詢問(wèn)，問(wèn)明”；D選項(xiàng)inspired“激發(fā)，鼓舞”。句意：這個(gè)作品在作曲者的追隨者中（）經(jīng)典的地位，作品和追隨者心目中的地位是需要獲得的，所以B選項(xiàng)acquire最合適。

3.單選題

Allthememoriesofhischildhoodhad（）fromhismindbythetimehewas65.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.faded

B.illustrated

C.confined

D.concerned

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)fade“褪色，凋謝，逐漸消失”；B選項(xiàng)illustrate“闡明，舉例說(shuō)明”；C選項(xiàng)confine“限制，禁閉”；D選項(xiàng)concern“關(guān)系到，涉及”。句意：在他65歲時(shí)，童年的所有記憶都從他的腦海中消失了。由選項(xiàng)意思和句意可知，A選項(xiàng)符合句意。

4.單選題

Nancywassurprisedthattheyhave（

）.Theyseemedtobeahappycouple.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.splitup

B.brokendown

C.fallenthrough

D.knockedout

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。splitup“分開(kāi)；離婚”；brokendown“出故障”；fallenthrough“失敗”；knockedout“使筋疲力盡；神志不清”。句意：南希很驚訝他們已離婚，因?yàn)樗麄兛瓷先ナ悄敲葱腋５囊粚?duì)。由surprised及happy對(duì)比可知，A項(xiàng)符合題意。答案A

5.單選題

Hollywoodhasalwaysbeenaninternationalbusiness,butitisbecomingdramaticallymoreso.Inthepastdecadetotalbox-officespendinghasrisenbyaboutone-thirdinNorthAmericawhilemorethandoublingelsewhere.ThankstoHarryPoller,SherlockHolmesand“Inception”,WarnerBrosmade$2.93billionoutsideNorthAmericalastyear,smashingthestudio’spreviousrecordof$2.24billion.FallingDVDsalesinAmerica,byfartheworld’sbiggesthome-entertainmentmarket,meanHollywoodisevenmoredependentonforeignpunters.

Thegrowthoftheinternationalboxofficeispartlyaresultofthedollar'sweakness.Itwasalsohelpedby“Avatar”,andeco-fantasythatmadeastartling$2billionoutsideNorthAmerica.Butthreethingsareparticularlyimportant:acinemaboomintheemergingworld,aconcertedeffortbythemajorstudiostomakefilmsthatmightplaywelloutsideAmericaandaglobalmarketingpushtomakesuretheydo.

Russia,withitsshrinkingteenagepopulation,isanunlikelyspotforabox-officeboom.Yetcinema-buildingisproceedingapace,andsupplyliascreateddemand.Lastyear160mcinematicketsweresoldinRussia—thefirsttimeinrecentyearsthatsaleshaveexceededthecountry’spopulation.Ticketpriceshaverisen,inpartbecausethenewcinemasaresuperior,withdigitalprojectorsthatcanshow3Dfilms.

Growingfearsofpiracyhaveledstudiostoreleasefilmsalmostsimultaneouslyinmanycountries;increasingly,thepremieretakesplaceoutsideAmerica.Thatchangesthemarketinggame,saysMichaelLynton,headofSonyPictures.StudiosusedtorelyonrumorsofAmericansuccessseepingoutofthecountry,primingaudienceselsewheretoseeafilm.Nowtheymustconductcoordinatedglobalcampaigns.Starsaregatheredfortwo-week-longmarketingblitzes（突襲）thatmaytakethemtotencountries--“l(fā)ikeapoliticalcampaign”,saysMr.Lynton.

ThesuccessofafilmoutsideAmericaisnotpurelyamarketingmatter.Asforeignbox-officesaleshavebecomemoreimportant,thepeoplewhomanageinternationaldistributionhavebecomemoreinfluential,weighinginon“green-light”decisionsaboutwhichfilmsaremade.Thestudiosarecarefultoseedfilmswithactors,locationsand,occasionally,languagesthatarewell-knownintargetcountries.

1.TheauthorofthepassageusesHarryPotterinthefirstparagraphto（）.

2.Accordingtothesecondparagraph,thefollowingaretheelementscontributingtothesuccessof“Avatar”EXCEPT（）.

3.Thesentence“supplyhascreateddemand”inthethirdparagraphcanbestbeexplainedbythefactthat（）.

4.Whatcanbeinferredfromthefourthparagraph?

5.Accordingtothepassage,thesuccessofafilmoutsideAmericacanbedeterminedbyallthefollowingelementsEXCEPT（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.showthatWarnerBiosisthemostsuccessfulstudioinHollywood

B.exemplifyHollywood’srelianceonforeignmarkets

C.indicatethedownturnofAmerica’sdomesticfilmmarket

D.emphasizetheinterdependencebetweenWarnerBrosandotherstudios

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.moreandmorecountriesareintheboomingperiodoffilmmarket

B.thevalueofdollarisdecreasing

C.peoplehavepaidmoreattentiontotheeco-systemoutsideNorthAmerica

D.agoodcollaborationbetweenthemajorstudios

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.theyoungpopulationinRussiaistemptedintogoingtonewcinemasbytheirsuperiority.

B.theteenagepopulationinRussiaisdecreasingwithaspeedfasterthanthatofbuildingnewcinemas.

C.Russiaisbuildingalotofnewcinemaswithdigitalprojectors.

D.ticketpriceshaverisenbecause3Dfilmsareavailableinthenewcinemas.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Manycountriesareworriedbythegrowingpiracyofnewlyreleasedfilms.

B.Moviestarsareoftenaskedtoconductglobalmarketingcampaigns.

C.Inordertowinthemarket,rumorsofstarsareoftentakenintofilms.

D.Moviestarsdon’tliketheglobalmarketingcampaigns.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.themarketrules

B.theunwrittenrules

C.peoplewhomanageinternationaldistribution

D.themajorlanguagesusedintargetcountries

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:B

【解析】1.作者意圖題。文章開(kāi)頭指出:Hollywoodhasalwaysbeenaninternationalbusiness,butitisbecomingdramaticallymoreso(好萊塢影片運(yùn)作一直是國(guó)際性產(chǎn)業(yè)，但這個(gè)趨勢(shì)似乎愈演愈烈了),后面以HarryPotter為例:ThankstoHarryPotter,SherlockHolmesand“Inception”,WarnerBrosmade$2.93billionoutsideNorthAmericalastyear,smashingthestudio’spreviousrecordof$2.24billion(正是歸功于哈利波特、福爾摩斯和‘盜夢(mèng)空間’，華納兄弟影業(yè)全年在北美以外的市場(chǎng)進(jìn)賬29.3億美元，打破了22.4億美元的記錄),由此看出作者是為了舉例證明好萊塢對(duì)國(guó)外市場(chǎng)的依賴。故選B。

2.判斷推理題。各選項(xiàng)為:A:越來(lái)越多的國(guó)家處于電影市場(chǎng)的繁榮吋期,B:美元的貶值,C:人們已更加關(guān)注北美外的生態(tài)系統(tǒng),D:主要的電影制片廠之間好的合作。第二段指出:Butthreethingsareparticularlyimportant:acinemaboomintheemergingworld,aconcertedeffortbythemajorstudiostomakefilmsthatmightplaywelloutsideAmericaandaglobalmarketingpushtomakesuretheydo(另外，還有三點(diǎn)重要原因：新興國(guó)家電影院發(fā)展迅速，美國(guó)的大型電影制片方共同努力出品迎合海外市場(chǎng)口味的電影，以及國(guó)際營(yíng)銷的力量),由此可知A項(xiàng)和D項(xiàng)在文中有提及。再由第二段中“Thegrowthoftheinternationalboxofficeispartlyaresultofthedollar’sweakness(國(guó)際票房增長(zhǎng)的部分原因是美元貶値)”可知B項(xiàng)在文中也有提及。因此C項(xiàng)未被提及。故選C。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干定位至句子:Yetcinema-buildingisproceedingapace,andsupplyhascreateddemand.Lastyear160mcinematicketsweresoldinRussia—thefirsttimeinrecentyearsthatsaleshaveexceededthecountry’spopulation(但影院建設(shè)急速進(jìn)行,….去年，俄國(guó)賣出1.6億張電影票——打破了近幾年來(lái)銷量未能超過(guò)人口數(shù)量的規(guī)律)。因此,“supplyhascreateddemand”原意為“供應(yīng)促進(jìn)了需求”,即A項(xiàng)“俄羅斯的年輕人因新電影院的優(yōu)勢(shì)而被吸引去看電影”。

4.判斷推理題。題干問(wèn):從第四段可以推斷出什么?第四段指出:Starsaregatheredfortwo-week-longmarketingblitzesthatmaytakethemtotencountries——“l(fā)ikeapoliticalcampaign”，saysMr.Lynton(明星們要聚在一起巡回10個(gè)國(guó)家，參與長(zhǎng)達(dá)兩周的閃電式影片營(yíng)銷宣傳計(jì)劃——‘就像總統(tǒng)競(jìng)選’，Lynton先生提到)。由此推測(cè)B“電影明星經(jīng)常被要求去進(jìn)行全球營(yíng)銷活動(dòng)”正確。

5.判斷推理題。題干問(wèn):根據(jù)這篇文章，一部電影在美國(guó)外的成功取決于以下所有因素，除了…。各選項(xiàng)為:A:市場(chǎng)規(guī)則,B:潛規(guī)則,C:管理國(guó)際發(fā)行的人,D:目標(biāo)國(guó)家使用的主要語(yǔ)言。最后一段指出:ThesuccessofafilmoutsideAmericaisnotpurelyamarketingmatter(—部電影在美國(guó)以外市場(chǎng)的成功不僅僅取決于營(yíng)銷因素),因此A屬于因素之一。由“Asforeignbox-officesaleshavebecomemoreimportant,thepeoplewhomanageinternationaldistributionhavebecomemoreinfluential,weighinginon“green-light”decisionsaboutwhichfilmsaremade(隨著海外票房的重要性與日俱增，海外電影發(fā)行管理人員影響力也膨脹了，他們有權(quán)決定給哪部電影開(kāi)綠燈)”可知C屬于。最后一段指出:Thestudiosarecarefultoseedfilmswithactors,locationsand,occasionally,languagesthatarewell-knownintargetcountries(針對(duì)目標(biāo)國(guó)家，制片方要很用心地在影片中植入目標(biāo)市場(chǎng)所熟悉的演員、拍攝地、甚至語(yǔ)言)。D也屬于因素之一。因此只有B項(xiàng)未被提及,故選B。

6.寫(xiě)作題

Directions:Writeacompositiononthetopic"TheSocialFunctionofHealth".Youshouldwriteatleast250wordsandyoushouldbaseyourcompositionontheoutlinebelow:

1.健康在個(gè)人行使社會(huì)功能中的作用。

2.健康對(duì)于整個(gè)社會(huì)的作用。

3.健康不僅是醫(yī)學(xué)問(wèn)題，更是社會(huì)問(wèn)題。

【答案】略

7.填空題

Directions:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet.

Caringforelderlyparentscatchesmanyunprepared[A]LastJuly,JulieBaldocchi’smotherhadamassivestrokeandwasparalyzed.Baldocchisuddenlyhadtobecomeafamilycaregiver,somethingthatshewasn’tpreparedfor.“Iwasflyingbytheseatofmypants,”saysBaldocchi,anemploymentspecialistinSanFrancisco.Bothofherparentsare83,andsheknewherfathercouldn’thandlehermother’scare.Thehospitalrecommendedputtinghermotherinanursinghome.Baldocchiwasn’twillingtodothat.Butmovingherbackintoherparents’homecreatedotherproblems.Baldocchi,48,ismarriedandlivesaboutamileawayfromherparents.Shehasafull-timejobandhasbackproblemsthatmakeitdifficultforhertolifthermother.“Icouldn’tdoitall,”shesays.ButIdidn’tevenknowhowtofindhelp.”

[B]WithhelpfromthefamilyCaregiverAlliance,sheeventuallyhiredalive-incaregiver.“Butevenifyouplanintellectuallyandlegally,you’reneverreadyfortheemotionalimpact,”Baldocchisays.Inthefirsttwomonthsafterhermother’sstroke,shelostabout30poundsasstressmounted.Morethan42millionAmericansprovidefamilycaregivingforanadultwhoneedshelpwithdailyactivities,accordingtoa2009surveybytheAARP.Anadditional61.6millionprovidedatleastsomecareduringtheyear.Andmanyareunprepared.

[C]Whilemanyparentslackanadvancecaredirective,it’sthemostbasicandimportantsteptheycantake.Thedirectiveincludesseveralparts,including:adurablepowerofattorney,whichgivessomeonelegalauthoritytomakefinancialdecisionsonanother’sbehalf;ahealthcareproxy,whichissimilartothepowerofattorney,exceptitallowssomeonetomakedecisionsregardingmedicaltreatment;andalivingwillthatoutlinesinstructionsforend-of-lifecare.(Forexample,parentscansayiftheywanttobekeptalivebyartificialmeasures.)“It’sinvaluableforthekids,becauseit’shardtomakethosedecisionsforaparent,”saysJenniferCona,anelder-lawattorneyatGenserDubowGenser&ConainMelville,N.Y.Anadvancecaredirectiveisthefirstlineofdefenseifasituationarises,saysKathleenKelly,executivedirectoroftheFamilyCaregiverAlliance,whichsupportsandeducatescaregivers.Withoutanadvancedirective,thefamilywillhavetopetitionthecourttobeappointedtheparent’slegalguardian,saysAgingC.

[D]It’simportantforfamiliestotalkaboutlong-termcaresotheadultchildrenknowtheirparents’preferences,wishesangoals,saysLynnFeinberg,acaregivingexpertatAARP.Butit’snotaneasyconversation.Elderlyparentsaresometimessuspiciousoftheirchildren’sfinancialmotives,saysSusanJohn,afinancialplanneratFinancialFocusinWolfeboro,N.H.OneclientaskedJohntoholdafamilymeetingbecausetheyneededanintermediarytotalkaboutfinancialissues,shesays.Andwhentherearemanysiblings,thefamilydecisionscanbecomeathree-ringcircuswithmuchacrimony,saysAnn-MargaretCarrozza,anelder-lawattorneyinGlenCove,N.Y.Familieswhoneedinformationandhelpsortingoutdisagreementscancallonelder-lawattorneys,financialplanners,geriatriccaremanagersandcaregiversupportgroups.InFebruary,AARPsaiditwillofferitsmembersanewcaregivingsupportservicethroughfinancialservicesfirmGenworth.

[E]Manyfamiliesareunpreparedforquickdecisions,especiallywhentheyfindoutthatMedicaredoesn’tpayforlong-termcare,Feinbergsays.Themediancostofayearinaprivateroomatanursinghomein2011was$77,745,accordingtoGenworth.AndonlythosewhohavespentmostoftheirassetscanqualifyforMedicaidtopayforthenursinghome.

[F]Assistedlivingisanotheroption.Residentscanhavetheirownapartmenttomaintainsomeindependence.Butthefacilitiesgenerallyprovidepersonalcareservices,suchasmeals,housekeepingandassistancewithactivities.Still,it’snotcheap:Thenationalmediancostin2011was$39,135,accordingtoGenworth.Assistedlivingisn’tcoveredbyMedicaid.

[G]Iftheyhaveachoice,atleast90%ofelderlyparentsprefertostayathomeaslongastheycan,accordingtoAARPresearch.Butiftheparentscannolongersafelyliveathome,itcanbehardforchildrentomovethemintoanadultcarefacility.Theremaybeanotheroption.Sometimesthehomecanbemodifiedsoaparentcanstaythere.Forexample,Baldocchiputinachairliftforhermother.Shealsoarrangedforahomecaregiver.

[H]Familycaregiverstakeovermanyresponsibilities.Onemightmanageaparent’sfinances,whileanothersiblingwilltaketheparenttodoctors’appointmentsandshopping.Thosewhomoveinwithaparenttakeonasignificantandsustainedburdenofcare.JanWalkermovedintohermother’shomeinLeesburg,Fla.Afterhermother,whois83,hadfallen,shewasn’tabletogetaroundaswell.Walker,55,hasthreebrothers.Butsheistheonlydaughter,isdivorcedandhasnochildren.“IalwaysknewthatthiswastherolethatIwouldhave,andIguessmymindwaspreparedforit,”saysWalker,whonowisafull-timecaregiverandworksfromhomeasatutorialinstructorforadigitalscrapbookingwebsite.“Whenyougetintothetrenches,it’sliterallybaptismbyfire,”shesays.“Newthingscomeup.It’snotjustaboutadvanceplanningforfinancesormedicalcare.It’severything,”shesays.

[I]Caregiversneedtoalsowatchtheirownhealth.“Thereissuchathingascaregiverburnout,”Conasays.Amongfemalecaregivers50andolder,20%reportedsymptomsofdepression,accordingtoa2010studyonworkingcaregiversbyMetLife.“It’sahardjob.”Walkersays.“Butmostworthwhilethingsarehard.ShewasalwaysthereformewhenIneededahelpinghand.It’sonlynaturalthatIbehereforhernow.

11.Whenelderlyparentscannotliveathomesafely,theirchildrencanchangetheirhomeinsteadofsendingthemtoanadultcarefacility.

12.Totalkaboutlong-termcareisnoteasybecausesometimesagedparentsaresuspiciousoftheirchildren’sfinancialmotives.

13.Besidesadvanceplanningforfinancesormedicalcare,familycaregiverstakeovermanyotherresponsibilities.

14.Thedifferencebetweenadurablepowerofattorneyandahealthcareproxyisthatthelatterallowssomeonetomakedecisionsregardingmedicaltreatment.

15.Baldocchididnotwanttosendhermothertoanursinghome,butshehaddifficultytakingcareofher.

16.Over42millioncaregivershelpedanadultwitheverydayactivitiesintheUSAin2009.

17.Ifafamilyneedsinformationorhelptosortoutdisagreements,therearemanypeopletheycancallon.

18.Caregiversshouldpayattentiontotheirownhealth,ortheymaybumoutorbecomedepressed.

19.Onewillhavetopetitionthecourttobetheparent’slegalguardian,ifthereisnoadvancedirective.

20.Thenationalmediancostofassistedlivingin2011was$39,135anditisnotcoveredbyMedicaid.

【答案】11.G

12.D

13.H

14.C

15.A

16.B

17.D

18.I

19.C

20.F

【解析】11.題干：當(dāng)年邁的父母不能安全地生活在家里時(shí)，他們的孩子可以改變他們的家，而不是送他們到成人護(hù)理機(jī)構(gòu)。由題干的anadultcarefacility可以定位到G選項(xiàng)第二句Butiftheparentscannolongersafelyliveathome,itcanbehardforchildrentomovethemintoanadultcarefacility.“但如果父母不能再安全地住在家里，孩子們就很難把他們送到成人看護(hù)機(jī)構(gòu)”，這里是題干的同義替換，所以答案選G。

12.題干：談?wù)撻L(zhǎng)期護(hù)理并不容易，因?yàn)橛袝r(shí)年邁的父母會(huì)懷疑子女的經(jīng)濟(jì)動(dòng)機(jī)。由題干定位到D選項(xiàng)第三句Elderlyparentsaresometimessuspiciousoftheirchildren’sfinancialmotives…“年邁的父母有時(shí)會(huì)懷疑孩子的經(jīng)濟(jì)動(dòng)機(jī)……”從這里可知答案選D。

13.題干：除了提前計(jì)劃財(cái)務(wù)或醫(yī)療護(hù)理，家庭照顧者還承擔(dān)許多其他責(zé)任。由題干的financesormedicalcare“財(cái)務(wù)或醫(yī)療護(hù)理”定位到H選項(xiàng)倒數(shù)第一二句It’snotjustaboutadvanceplanningforfinancesormedicalcare.It’severything,”shesays.“這不僅僅是關(guān)于財(cái)政或醫(yī)療保健的預(yù)先計(jì)劃。這就是所有?！彼f(shuō)。這句符合題干題意，所以答案選H。

14.題干：持久委托書(shū)和醫(yī)療代理書(shū)的區(qū)別在于后者允許某人就醫(yī)療治療作出決定。通過(guò)題干的attorney和ahealthcareproxy（醫(yī)療代理）定位到C選項(xiàng)的第二句話Thedirectiveincludesseveralparts,including:adurablepowerofattorney,whichgivessomeonelegalauthoritytomakefinancialdecisionsonanother’sbehalf;ahealthcareproxy,whichissimilartothepowerofattorney,exceptitallowssomeonetomakedecisionsregardingmedicaltreatment;andalivingwillthatoutlinesinstructionsforend-of-lifecare.（Forexample,parentscansayiftheywanttobekeptalivebyartificialmeasures.）“該指令包括幾個(gè)部分，包括：持久委托書(shū)，賦予某人代表另一人做出財(cái)務(wù)決定的法律權(quán)力；醫(yī)療代理，類似于委托書(shū)，但允許某人就醫(yī)療作出決定；還有一份生前遺囑，列出了臨終護(hù)理的指導(dǎo)。（例如，父母可以說(shuō)他們是否想通過(guò)人工手段維持生命）”，這里說(shuō)出了委托書(shū)和醫(yī)療代理的不同，所以答案選C選項(xiàng)。

15.題干：巴爾多奇并不想把母親送到養(yǎng)老院，但她很難照顧她。文章定位到A選項(xiàng)倒數(shù)第二句話Shehasafull-timejobandhasbackproblemsthatmakeitdifficultforhertolifthermother.“她有一份全職工作，而且背部有問(wèn)題，這使得她很難抱起她的母親”從這里可以看出Baldocchi有自己的難處，工作，背傷都讓她心有余而力不足，所以A選項(xiàng)正確。

16.題干：2009年，美國(guó)有超過(guò)4200萬(wàn)護(hù)理人員幫助成年人進(jìn)行日?；顒?dòng)。根據(jù)文章的數(shù)據(jù)42million和2009可以定位到B選項(xiàng)倒數(shù)第二句話Morethan42millionAmericansprovidefamilycaregivingforanadultwhoneedshelpwithdailyactivities,accordingtoa2009surveybytheAARP.“美國(guó)退休人員協(xié)會(huì)（AARP）2009年的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查顯示，超過(guò)4200萬(wàn)美國(guó)人為日?；顒?dòng)需要幫助的成年人提供家庭照顧”，這句符合題干，所以選B選項(xiàng)。

17.題干：如果一個(gè)家庭需要信息或幫助解決分歧，他們可以找很多人。根據(jù)文章中的sortoutdisagreement“解決分歧”定位到D選項(xiàng)倒數(shù)第二句話Andwhentherearemanysiblings,thefamilydecisionscanbecomeathree-ringcircuswithmuchacrimony,saysAnn-MargaretCarrozza,anelder-lawattorneyinGlenCove,N.Y.Familieswhoneedinformationandhelpsortingoutdisagreementscancallonelder-lawattorneys,financialplanners,geriatriccaremanagersandcaregiversupportgroups.“美國(guó)退休人員協(xié)會(huì)（AARP）2009年的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查顯示，超過(guò)4200萬(wàn)美國(guó)人為日?；顒?dòng)需要幫助的成年人提供家庭照顧”，從這里可以看出當(dāng)家庭成員有分歧時(shí)他們可以尋求律師，理財(cái)師等人的幫助，這個(gè)選項(xiàng)符合題意，所以答案選D。

18.題干：照顧者應(yīng)該注意自己的健康，否則他們可能會(huì)精疲力盡或變得抑郁。定位到I選項(xiàng)第一句話Caregiversneedtoalsowatchtheirownhealth.“護(hù)理人員也需要關(guān)注自己的健康”，這里跟題干屬于同義替換，所以答案選I。

19.題干：如果沒(méi)有事先指示，孩子必須向法院申請(qǐng)成為孩子父母的合法監(jiān)護(hù)人。根據(jù)文章關(guān)鍵詞petition“請(qǐng)?jiān)浮焙蚢dvancedirective“預(yù)先指示”，定位到C選項(xiàng)最后一句話Withoutanadvancedirective,thefamilywillhavetopetitionthecourttobeappointedtheparent’slegalguardian,saysAgingC.“AgingC網(wǎng)站表示，如果沒(méi)有事先的指示，這個(gè)家庭將不得不向法院申請(qǐng)指定父母的法定監(jiān)護(hù)人”，這里表達(dá)的意思和題干相同，所以答案選C。

20.題干：2011年，全國(guó)輔助生活費(fèi)用的中位數(shù)為39135美元，這不在醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)的覆蓋范圍內(nèi)。根據(jù)文章數(shù)據(jù)2011和$39,135可以定位到F選項(xiàng)倒數(shù)第一、二句Thenationalmediancostin2011was$39,135,accordingtoGenworth.Assistedlivingisn’tcoveredbyMedicaid.“根據(jù)Genworth的數(shù)據(jù)，2011年全國(guó)醫(yī)保成本中值為39135美元。醫(yī)療補(bǔ)助計(jì)劃不包括輔助生活”，這里和題干表達(dá)的意思相同，所以答案選F。

8.單選題

Howmightwestabilizethecompositionoftheatmosphere?Thatquestionloomslargeintheeyesofscientistsandpoliticalleadersasthelevelsofcarbondioxidegrow.Carbondioxideandmethanehavelonglivesintheatmosphereand,oncetheyarethere,Earthmaybedestinedtobecomewarmer.Ifwefindthattheclimateisbecomingtoowarm,thereisnoeasyorrapidwaytoremovethegasesandreturntoanearlierclimatepattern.

Wemaybeabletocontrolfossilfueluseandratesofdeforestation,butthereisnodirectwaytocontroltheaccelerationofdecayexceptbystoppingthewarming.Tostabilizethecompositionoftheatmosphereimmediately,wewouldhavetocutpresentreleaseabout4billiontonsofcarbonannually.Itisnotnowpossibletoaccomplishthiswithoutreducingbothdeforestationandourconsumptionoffossilfuels.

Mostscientistsbelievethatifimmediateglobalactionisnottaken,therapidincreasesofatmosphericcarbonfromdecaywillexceedthereductionsmadepossiblethroughcontroloffossilfueluseandmanagementofforests.In1990,theUnitedNationsgatheredmanyscientistsfromaroundtheworldtoreviewtheseissues.Thisgroup,theIntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange,concludedthatanimmediate60percentreductioninfossilfuelusewouldbenecessary.ButbyApril1992,nonationhadacceptedthegoal,thoughseveralhadrecognizedaneedforreducingemissionsby20percent.

AttheEarthSummitinJune1992,leadersfrommostindustrializednationsagreedinprincipletoreturntoearlierlevelsofcarbondioxideemissions—thoughoppositionfromtheUnitedStatespreventedthemfromagreeingtospecifictargetsforemissions,asmanyscientistshadhoped.Theleadersalsoagreedtoassistdevelopingnationsinlimitingtheirreleasesofgreenhousegases.

Humanbeingsareonlyoneofmillionsoforganismssufficientlydifferentoneanothertoberecognizedasspecies.Untilthe1980s,scientistsestimatedthattherewerebetween3millionand10millionspeciesonEarth.Then,scientistsbegantoexaminepopulationsofinsectslivinginthehighfoliageoftreesintropicalforest,andtheexperiencecausedthemtoincreasetheirestimateto30millionspecies.Afterscientistsbegantoconsiderthepopulationsofmicroorganismsinthetropics,theupperlimitoftheirestimatesroseto10(Jmillionspecies.Weshallprobablyneverhaveanaccuratecountofthedifferentkindsoforganismsthatshareourplanet.

Wedoknow,however,thatthesespecies—plantsandanimalstogether—keeptheplanetfunctioningasahabitatsuitableforall.WealsoknowthathumanactivitiesarereducingboththenumbersofspeciesonEarthandthepotentialoflandandwaterforsupportingthem.Thisprocessiscommonlycalledbioticimpoverishment—thelossoftherichbiologicalofEarth.

1.Thereasonwhyitisnoteasytocorrectglobalwarmingisthat（

）.

2.Tostoptheglobalwarming,wehaveto

（

）.

3.Itisimpliedthat,atthe1992EarthSummit,

（

）.

4.Whichofthefollowingistrueaboutspeciesonearth?

5.Thetextismainlyabout（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.mostscientistsandpoliticalleadershavenotawakenedtotheseverityoftheproblem

B.deforestationisrampantinmanypartsoftheworld

C.thereisnoeasywaytorestoretheatmospheretoitsnormalstateoncedamaged

D.theUnitedStatesisunwillingtocutdownonitscarbondioxideemissions

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.cutbothdeforestationanduseoffossilfuels

B.removecarbondioxidefromtheatmosphere

C.findanewsourceofenergyotherthanfossilfuel

D.cutpresentreleasesto4billiontonsofcarbonayear

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.manyscientistshadhopedspecifictargetsforemissionsmightbereached

B.theU.S.showeditsunwillingnesstoreducethelevelofcarbondioxideemissions

C.severalcountrieshadrecognizedaneedforreducingemissionsby20percent

D.mostcountriespromisedtocuttheircarbondioxideemissionstoearlierlevels

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Thereareabout100millionofthemonearth.

B.Aboutonethirdofthemarefoundintropicalforest.

C.Thehumanpopulationhaswellexceededthatofotherspecies.

D.Humanandotherspeciesarecloselylinkedforsurvival.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.thesurvivalofdiversespeciesonearth

B.thepreventionofglobalwarming

C.thebioticimpoverishment

D.thecompositionoftheatmosphere

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第一段中的thereisnoeasyorrapidwaytoremovethegasesandreturntoanearlierclimatepattern（沒(méi)有一種簡(jiǎn)單或快速的方法可以清除這些氣體并恢復(fù)到早期的氣候模式）可知選C。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第二段中的Tostabilizethecompositionoftheatmosphereimmediately,wewouldhavetocutpresentreleaseabout4billiontonsofcarbonannually.Itisnotnowpossibletoaccomplishthiswithoutreducingbothdeforestationandourconsumptionoffossilfuels.（為了立即穩(wěn)定大氣的成分，我們必須每年減少約40億噸的碳排放?，F(xiàn)在要做到這一點(diǎn)，就必須同時(shí)減少森林砍伐和化石燃料的消耗）可知選A。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第四段中的leadersfrommostindustrializednationsagreedinprincipletoreturntoearlierlevelsofcarbondioxideemissions（大多數(shù)工業(yè)化國(guó)家的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人原則上同意恢復(fù)到早先的二氧化碳排放水平）可知D選項(xiàng)“大多數(shù)國(guó)家承諾將其二氧化碳排放量削減到早先的水平”符合題意。

4.推理判斷題。由文章最后一段中的Wedoknow,however,thatthesespecies—plantsandanimalstogether—keeptheplanetfunctioningasahabitatsuitableforall.WealsoknowthathumanactivitiesarereducingboththenumbersofspeciesonEarthandthepotentialoflandandwaterforsupportingthem.（然而，我們知道，植物和動(dòng)物這些物種一起使地球作為一個(gè)適合所有人的棲息地發(fā)揮作用。我們還知道，人類活動(dòng)正在減少地球上物種的數(shù)量，以及可供它們使用的土地和水資源）可知D選項(xiàng)“人類和其他物種的生存息息相關(guān)”符合題意。

5.主旨大意題。文章主要討論了全球變暖的問(wèn)題以及需要采取的措施，因此B選項(xiàng)“防止全球變暖”符合題意。

9.單選題

Whendiscussingculturalperspectives,weneedtorecognizethattherearetwokinds:emicandetic.Emicperspectivesare（1）articulatedbymembersoftheculturetoexplainthemselvesandtheirculture,whileeticperspectivesarethoseofoutsiderstotheculturewhousetheirowncriteriatoexplain（2）culture.

Eticperspectivesincludethoseofvisitorstotheculture,thecriteriatheyusetodescribeandexplainwhattheyencounter,（3）categoriesforcross-culturaldescriptionandanalysisestablishedbyanthropologistsandotherculturalresearchers（4）manycultures.（5）thecontinuum,eticperspectivesconsistofsimpleexplanationsfromone'sownculturalbackground.Thisisacommonreactiontoculturalphenomena—explainingthem（6）perceivedsimilaritiesordifferencestoone'sownculture,better（7）ethnocentrism.Attheotherendofthespectrum,eticperspectivesconsistofcategoriesthatcanbeusedtodescribe（8）cultures.Someofthesecategoriesaredrawnfromnotionsofculturaluniversalsand（9）thetableofcontentsofintroductoryculturalanthropologytextbooks.Theyreflectculturalpracticesandproducts:institutionslikefamily,kinship,economy,leisure,music,orgovernment.Othereticclassificationscomefromtheoriesofculturalperspectives:valueorientationssuchasindividualism/collectivism,low-context/high-context,polychromic/monochromic,and（10）.Eticperspectives,（11）,provideframeworkstodescribe,analyze,andexplainaculturefromthe（12）.Eacheticcategorycarriesassumptionsaboutthenatureofculture,anditisimportantto（13）theseassumptions.

Emicexplanationsareperspectivesthatmembersofthecultureusetodescribeorexplaintheirownwayoflife.Theseperspectivesdonotnecessarilycorrespondtoeticcategories,（14）thatthemembersusefortheirexplanations.（15）,membersmayeasilyexpressthereasonsforculturalproductsandpractice.Or,giventhatmanyfundamentalculturalperspectivesareoutsideawareness,likethesubmergedbulkoftheculturaliceberg,membersmayhavedifficultyfindingwordstofullyexplainthem;（16）IhadnoexplanationonAmericantoilettrainingpractices.

Itisadauntingtasktoidentifytheperspectivesofaculture.Fortunatelyforlanguageteachers,anthropologists,interculturalists,andothershavedevisedframeworksforexplainingcultures.Theseframeworks,becausetheyapplytoallcultures,areexamplesofthe（17）perspectives.

Anumberofmodelsofeticperspectivesare（18）inthefield.（19）,thesemodelspresumethatthereisafinitesetofrealitiesthatallculturesmustaddress.Theserealitiesarepartofthehumancondition.Differentculturesperceivetheserealitiesindistinctways.Thesedistinctperceptions,（20）,leadtodifferentbeliefs,values,