第23頁/共23頁海東市2021～2022學年第二學期學業(yè)水平測試高二英語試卷考生注意：1.本試卷共150分?？荚嚂r間120分鐘。2.請將各題答案填寫在答題卡上。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Atadry-cleaningshop.B.Inabank.C.Atarestaurant.2.Whattimedoesthetrainleave?A.At8:15.B.At8:25.C.At8:50.3.Howdidthemanbreakhisleg?A.Hehadafallatthepool.B.Hefelljumpingoveratennisnet.C.Hehadanaccidentwhileskating.4.Whatistheman’sfavouritefree-timeactivity?A.Listeningtomusic.B.Readingabook.C.WatchingTV.5.Whatmighthavehappened?A.Agasaccident.B.Anearthquake.C.Afire.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.WhatisMrs.Whiteexpecting?A.Mrs.Brown’scall.B.Mr.White’sreturn.C.Mr.Brown’scall.7.Whatwillhappeninacoupleofhours?A.Mrs.Brownwillmakeacall.B.Thepostcardswillbesentoff.C.Mrs.Whitewillsendane-mail.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife.B.Doctorandpatient.C.Employerandemployee.9.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodobeforegoingtobed?A.Drinksomecoffee.B.Haveacoldbath.C.Readaboringbook.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.WhatdoesthewomanthinkofsurfingtheNetatfirst?A.Itisawasteoftime.B.Itcansavetime.C.Itisfun.11.WhatisTomdoing?A.Readingthenews.B.Doingshopping.C.Lookingforinformationforhishomework.12.WhatdoesTomrecommendtohismother?A.E-mail.B.E-shopping.C.E-card.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatisthewoman?A.Atravelagent.B.Ashopkeeper.C.Ateacher.14.Whatdoesthemanplantodo?A.Gotraveling.B.Bookatrainticket.C.Buynewsunglasses.15.WhatwillthemandoinHawaii?A.Goswimming.B.Booksomelessons.C.SurftheInternet.16.WhyisMaythebesttimetovisitHawaii?A.Thenumberofthetouristsisthelargest.B.Theweatherispleasant.C.Thesceneryisthemostbeautiful.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatdoscientistswanttodoaboutthedesert?A.Changeitintogoodland.B.Raisecropsandanimalsthere.C.Buildahydropowerstationthere.18.Whatcanweknowaboutthedesert?A.Itneverhasanyplantsoranimalsinit.B.Itcanbeturnedintogoodlandsoon.C.Itgetsverylittlerain.19.Whyaresmallgreenplantsveryimportanttodryplaces?A.Theycankeepthewaterandearth.B.Theyofferfoodfortheanimals.C.Theypromotethewaterrecycle.20.Whatmakeslandbecomedesertlittlebylittle?A.Thelittlerain.B.Thefewplantsandanimals.C.Thebadthingsthatpeopledo.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AForcenturiespeoplehavewonderedwhowasthemodelforLeonarddodaVinci’sMonaLisaandwhatwasthereasonforhersmile.ButtheMonaLisaisjustoneofthemanymysteriesintheartworld.Herearesomeothernotableunsolvedartmysteriesthatmightbealittlelessfamiliar.Mystery1:WhoIsthegirlinJohannesVermeer’sGirlwithaPearlEarring?Around1665,DutchartistJohannesVermeerpaintedacharmingportraitofayounggirl.Peoplearoundtheglobehavelongwonderedwhothisfetchingyoungladywas.ManysayshemusthavebeenVermeer’sdaughterorgirlfriend.Othersthinkshewasn’tarealperson,butratheranintentionallymysterious,timelessfigure.Thepainting,referredtoasthe“MonaLisaoftheNorth”,hasbeenpartofTheHague’spermanentcollectionsince1903.Butitdrawsrecord-breakingcrowdswheneverandwhereverittoursaroundtheworld.Mystery2:WhereIsRaphael’sPortraitofaYoungMan?PortraitofaYoungManisconsideredoneofthemostimportantpiecesofarttogomissingduringWorldWarII.Thepaintingwascreatedaround1513byRaphael,afamousItalianRenaissanceartist,andstolenfromPoland’sPrincesCzartoryskiMuseumin1939.TheportraithadtraveledtoGermanyandAustriabeforeitwasgonein1945.Mystery3:WasVanGoghMurdered?OneofthemainthingspeopleknowaboutVincentvanGoghisthathecutoffhisear.ThatwaslikelybecausetheDutchpost-impressionistpaintersufferedfrommentalillness,probablyseveredepression.Theofficialcauseissuicidefromagunshotatcloserange.Thatcertainlyseemsplausible(貌似有理的),givenhispoormentalhealth.However,nogunwasfoundnearhisbody,andlocalsreportedtwoteenageboysbullyinghimshortlybeforehisdeath.1.WhatdoPortraitofaYoungManandGirlwithaPearlEarringhaveincommon?A.Theyarebothgone. B.Theyarebothportraits.C.Theywerecreatedatthesameperiod. D.TheyarebothrelatedtoWorldWarII.2.Whoprobablysufferedfrommentalillness?A.LeonardodaVinci. B.JohannesVermeer. C.VincentvanGogh. D.Raphael.3.Whoislikelytobemoreinterestedinthisselection?A.Artlovers. B.Bookreviewers. C.Tourguides. D.Musiccomposers.【答案】1.B2.C3.A【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹的是幾個未解的藝術(shù)之謎?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Mystery1:WhoIsthegirlinJohannesVermeer’sGirlwithaPearlEarring?部分的“Around1665,DutchartistJohannesVermeerpaintedacharmingportraitofayounggirl.(1665年左右，荷蘭畫家約翰內(nèi)斯·維米爾畫了一幅迷人的少女肖像。)”和Mystery2:WhereIsRaphael’sPortraitofaYoungMan?部分的“PortraitofaYoungManisconsideredoneofthemostimportantpiecesofarttogomissingduringWorldWarII.(《一個年輕人的肖像》被認為是二戰(zhàn)期間失蹤的最重要的藝術(shù)品之一。)”可知，PortraitofaYoungMan和GirlwithaPearlEarring的共同點在于它們都是肖像。故選B?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Mystery3:WasVanGoghMurdered?部分的“OneofthemainthingspeopleknowaboutVincentvanGoghisthathecutoffhisear.ThatwaslikelybecausetheDutchpost-impressionistpaintersufferedfrommentalillness,probablyseveredepression.(人們對文森特·梵高的主要了解之一就是他割下了自己的耳朵。這可能是因為這位荷蘭后印象派畫家患有精神疾病，可能是嚴重的抑郁癥。)”可知，文森特·梵高可能患有精神疾病，故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的“Herearesomeothernotableunsolvedartmysteriesthatmightbealittlelessfamiliar.(這里有一些其他可能不太熟悉的著名的未解藝術(shù)之謎。)”可知，本文是講的未解的藝術(shù)之謎，所以藝術(shù)愛好者應該對這個節(jié)選感興趣，故選A。BOneofthethreeastronautswhomadeupthehistoricApollo11crew,NASAveteranMichaelCollinspassedawaytoday,April28,2021,attheageof90.CollinswasbornonOet.31,1930,inRome,Italy.Hisfather,acareerofficerintheUS,Amywho’dgoontoretireasamajorgeneral,wasstationedthereatthetime.Afterhisfamilyreturnedstateside,CollinsearnedaBachelorofSciencedegreefromtheUS.MilitaryAcademyatWestPoint,graduatingwiththeclassof1952.HethenbecameanAirForcetestpilot,whichopenedsomeinterestingdoors.In1962,JohnGlennbecamethefirstAmericantoorbittheEarth.Glenn’sachievementwasaninspirationforCollins.“Icertainlyhadnochildhooddreamofflyingtothemoonoranywhereelse,buttheideawasextremelyappealing.”CollinswroteinhisautobiographyCarryingtheFire:AnAstronaut’sJourneys.HewasselectedtojoinNASA’sthirdclassofastronautsthefollowingyear.Hisfirstextraterrestrial(地球外的)adventurecamein1966,whenCollinssetaboutonathree-dayspaceflightwithfellowastronautJohnYoung.KnownasGeminiX,theirmissionwasonefortherecordbooks;thetwomenreachedthethen-unprecedented(前所未有的)altitudeof475miles(764kilometers).Ofcourse,MichaelCollinsisbestrememberedforhisroleinApollo11.OnJuly16,1969,at8:32AM(EasternStandardTime),Collins,BuzzAldrinandNeilArmstrongwerelaunchedoutoftheKennedySpaceCenterinFlorida.TheywerethethreeexplorersNASAhadchosenforthefirstmissionthatwouldeverputamanonthemoon.Fourdaysintotheiradventure,onJuly20,Collinspartedwayswithhiscrewmates.SeatedintheEaglelandingcraft,ArmstrongandAldrinmadetheirlandingontothelunarsurface.AnAmericanflagwasplanted;photosweretaken;Armstrongsaidtheimmortalwords,“Onesmallstepforman,onegiantleapformankind.”Meanwhile,Collinsstayedbehindinthecrew’scommandmodule(艙),orbitingthemoonashiscolleaguesexploredit.4.WhatmotivatedCollinstodreamofflyingtothemoon?AHisfather’sencouragement. B.JohnGlenn’sachievement.C.Hischildhoodexperiences. D.Hisfavoritebook.5.WhatcanwelearnaboutCollinsfromparagraph2?A.HebecamethefirstAmericantoorbitEarth.B.Hedreamedofflyingtothemooninhischildhood.C.Hisfirstspaceexplorationwasaccomplishedbyhimself.D.Heoncewroteanautobiography.6.WhyisCollinsbest-knownmanypeopleuntilnow?A.HewaspraisedbyArmstrong. B.HebecameanAirForcetestpilot.C.HeparticipatedintheworkofApollo11. D.Hereachedthethen-unprecedentedaltitudeof475miles.7.WhichwordcanbebestusedtodescribeCollins?A.Ambitious. B.Lucky. C.Warmhearted. D.Humorous.【答案】4.B5.D6.C7.A【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。本文敘述了美國宇航局資深宇航員邁克爾·柯林斯，也是阿波羅11號機組的三名宇航員之一，與世長辭。文章講述他如何成為一名宇航員并進行了著名的阿波羅11號載人登月任務?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“In1962,JohnGlennbecamethefirstAmericantoorbittheEarth.Glenn’sachievementwasaninspirationforCollins.(1962年，約翰·格里恩成為第一個繞地球飛行的美國人。格里恩的成就鼓舞了柯林斯)”可知，格里恩成為美國第一個繞地飛行的人的成就激勵柯林斯。故選B項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的““Icertainlyhadnochildhooddreamofflyingtothemoonoranywhereelse,buttheideawasextremelyappealing.”CollinswroteinhisautobiographyCarryingtheFire:AnAstronaut’sJourneys.(柯林斯在他的自傳《傳播火種：一個宇航員的旅程》中寫道：“我童年時當然沒有飛到月球或其他任何地方的夢想，但這個想法非常有吸引力?！?”可知，柯林斯曾寫過自傳。故選D項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的第一句“Ofcourse,MichaelCollinsisbestrememberedforhisroleinApollo11.(當然，邁克爾·柯林斯最被人們銘記的是他在阿波羅11號中的角色)”以及第三段的第三句“TheywerethethreeexplorersNASAhadchosenforthefirstmissionthatwouldeverputamanonthemoon.(他們是美國國家航空航天局選擇的第一次載人登月任務的三名探險者)”可知，柯林斯是因為參與了阿波羅11號登月的任務而被世人所牢記。故選C項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“In1962,JohnGlennbecamethefirstAmericantoorbittheEarth.Glenn’sachievementwasaninspirationforCollins.“Icertainlyhadnochildhooddreamofflyingtothemoonoranywhereelse,buttheideawasextremelyappealing.”CollinswroteinhisautobiographyCarryingtheFire:AnAstronaut’sJourneys.(1962年，約翰·格里恩成為第一個繞地球飛行的美國人。格里恩的成就鼓舞了柯林斯?？铝炙乖谒淖詡鳌秱鞑セ鸱N：一個宇航員的旅程》中寫道：“我童年時當然沒有飛到月球或其他任何地方的夢想，但這個想法非常有吸引力?！?”可知，正是因為格里恩的成就激勵著柯林斯有了他飛向月球的夢想，因此柯林斯是一個很有遠大抱負的人。故選A項。CMargotdoesn’thaveagarbagecan.Itdoesn’tneedonebecauseMargotsimplydoesn’tcauseanythingtogetthrownaway.Therestaurantdoesn’tallowanytypeofsingleuseplastic.Margot,whichopenedlastyear,isoneofthesmallbutgrowingrestaurantsaroundtheworldaimingtoavoidnotonlyfoodleftovers,butalsoanygarbage.“Foodwastehasbeenincreasingasanissueforrestaurantsoverthelast10years,”saysCalvinBrown.HerunstheSustainableRestaurantAssociation.BasedintheUnitedKingdom,theorganizationhelpsfoodbusinessbecomemoreenvironmentallyresponsible.Hesaysthatfoodwastecontributestoreleasingthegreenhousegas,sothereisstrongmotivationtoreducewasteandhelptheenvironment.IntheUSA,foodwasteandpackingaccountfornearlyhalfofthematerialsenttolandfills.RestaurantsfromMcDonald’stoStarbucksareaddressingthisissuewith“nostrawMondays”andlimitsonsingle-servingplastic,butahandfulofrestaurateursaretryingtogetridofrubbishentirely.There’salsoeconomiccasetobemadeforwastereduction.Onestudyshowsthatrestaurantssavesevendollarsforeverydollarinvestedinanti-wastemethods.Avoidingfoodwasteisthefirstandperhapsmostobviouschallengeforsustainablerestaurants.DougMcMaster,chefatSiloinLondon,onlyservesasetmenu.Thisremovestheworrythatoneparticularitemwon’tsellwell,andwillspoilintherefrigerator.Compost(堆肥)isanecessityaswell.Nolla(meaning“zero”inFinnish)inHelsinki,Finlandisgivingcomposttoitssuppliersaswellasitsdiners.Nollaalsohasfood-trackingsoftwaremorecommonlyusedamongcorporatefoodservicecompaniestokeeptrackofwhatsellsandwhatrots.Sometimesrestaurantscallthemselvesenvironmentallyfriendly,buttheymightjustbeusingthelabel.Calvinofferssomepointersonwhattolookfortomakesurearestaurantistrulycommittedtosustainability.8.WhatdoesMargotfeature?A.Itslargesize. B.Itsopeninghours.C.Itszero-wastegoal. D.Itsplasticgarbagecans.9.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Waysofpackagingfood.B.Theissueofinvestinginservices.C.Theimportanceofenvironmentalprotection.D.Effortsofsomerestaurantstoreducerubbish,10.WhichofthefollowingdoesNollatrytodo?A.Onlyserveasetmenu.B.Hardlyuserefrigerators.C.Supplycomposttoitscustomers.D.Keeptrackofdiners’preferences.11.WhatdoesCalvinthinkrestaurantsshoulddo?A.Expandfoodbusiness.B.Useeco-friendlylabels.C.Savemoneyondealingwithkitchengarbage.D.Contributetosustainabledevelopmentofthefoodindustry.【答案】8.C9.D10.C11.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了世界各地的餐飲業(yè)在減少食物垃圾方面為食品業(yè)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展所做出的努力?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Itdoesn’tneedonebecauseMargotsimplydoesn’tcauseanythingtogetthrownaway.Therestaurantdoesn’tallowanytypeofsingleuseplastic.Margot,whichopenedlastyear,isoneofthesmallbutgrowingrestaurantsaroundtheworldaimingtoavoidnotonlyfoodleftovers,butalsoanygarbage.(它不需要垃圾桶，因為Margot根本不會導致任何東西被扔掉。這家餐廳不允許使用任何類型的一次性塑料。去年開業(yè)的Margot是世界上小型但不斷增長的餐廳之一，不僅旨在避免剩菜，也旨在避免任何垃圾。)可知Margot的特點是它的零浪費的目標。故選C項?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第三段“RestaurantsfromMcDonald’stoStarbucksareaddressingthisissuewith“nostrawMondays”andlimitsonsingle-servingplastic,butahandfulofrestaurateursaretryingtogetridofrubbishentirely.There’salsoeconomiccasetobemadeforwastereduction.Onestudyshowsthatrestaurantssavesevendollarsforeverydollarinvestedinanti-wastemethods.(從麥當勞到星巴克，許多餐館都在用“星期一沒有吸管”和對一次性塑料的限制來解決這個問題，而一些餐館老板正試圖完全清除垃圾。減少浪費也有經(jīng)濟理由。一項研究表明，餐館在反浪費方法上每投資1美元，就能節(jié)省7美元。)”可知文章第三段主要講的是一些餐館在減少垃圾方面所做出的努力。故選D項?！?0題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Compost(堆肥)isanecessityaswell.Nolla(meaning“zero”inFinnish)inHelsinki,Finlandisgivingcomposttoitssuppliersaswellasitsdiners.Nollaalsohasfood-trackingsoftwaremorecommonlyusedamongcorporatefoodservicecompaniestokeeptrackofwhatsellsandwhatrots.(堆肥也是一種必需。芬蘭赫爾辛基的Nolla(芬蘭的意思是“零”)正在為其供應商和食客提供堆肥。)”可知Nolla努力提供堆肥給它的顧客。故選C項?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Hesaysthatfoodwastecontributestoreleasingthegreenhousegas,sothereisstrongmotivationtoreducewasteandhelptheenvironment.(他說，食物浪費導致釋放溫室氣體，所以我們有強烈的動力來減少浪費和幫助環(huán)境。)”以及最后一段“Calvinofferssomepointersonwhattolookfortomakesurearestaurantistrulycommittedtosustainability.(Calvin就如何確保一家餐廳真正致力于可持續(xù)發(fā)展提供了一些建議。)可知Calvin認為餐廳應該對食品工業(yè)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展作出貢獻。故選D項。DTheScienceandTechnologyFacilitiesCouncil(STFC)andUniversityofCentralLanca-shire(UCLan)sharefindingsofaprojecttoimprovestudentengagementwithscience,technology,engineeringandmathematics(STEM).It’slongbeenacknowledgedthatstudentsfromdisadvantagedbackgroundsareunder-representedinscience,technology,engineeringandmathematicscareers.Now,researchconductedbyUCLanandfundedbySTFCshowsthecausesofthisproblemandpointstoinnovativesolutions.TheBlackpoolPhysics;Inspire,Engage,Research(PIER)projectfoundthatprimaryschoolchildrenfromlowsocio-economicareasarejustasinterestedinsciencebutlackknowledgeaboutpossiblesciencecareers.ThePIERprojectisfollowingagroupofpupilsastheyprogressfromGrade6toGrade9,usingsurveys,interviewsandotherassessmentstomeasureinterestinscience.Theseinitialfindingssuggestthatattemptstoincreasescienceparticipationamongyoungpeopleshouldnotsimplypromotethesubjectas“fun”or“interesting”.Instead,greaterimpactcouldbeachievedbydemonstratingclearlyhowsciencecanopenpossiblefuturecareeropportunities.Manyofthepupilstakingpartinthestudyunderstoodthatstudyingsciencecouldbeusefulbutfewcouldexplainwhy,suggestinganeedforgreatereducationaboutSTEMcareers.Aswellasbroadeningourunderstandingoftheissue,thePIERprojectissolvingtheproblemheadon.Theteamhascarriedoutavarietyofactivitieseachyearfortheparticipants,including“meetthescientists”events,tripstoUCLan’sAlstonObservatoryaswellasfamilyscienceeventsatschool.LeadResearcherandSTFCFellowinPublicEngagement,ProfessorRobertWalsh,said,“Muchgovernmentpolicytowardsboostingscienceinhighereducationfocusesonanassumedlackofinterestanddesireinlow-socioeconomicgroups.”However,theenthusiasmisalreadythereandthis“hiddenscienceidentity”needstoberevealedandtranslatedintoreal-lifeprospectsfortheseyoungpeople.We’rerecommendingthatprogramsinsteadallowyoungpeopletoexploretheirscienceidentitymorefullyandprovideinnovativewaystodiscoverthejobsthatstudyingsciencemayleadto.12.Whatdopeoplegenerallybelieveaboutpoorstudents?A.TheyhavenointerestinSTEMcareers.B.Theyarenotengagedenoughinscience.C.Theyaremorerepresentativeofscience.D.Theyhavemanycharacterdisadvantages.13WhatdoesthePIERprojectpaymoreattentionto?A.Assessingpupils’performance.B.Increasingthesurveysofpupils.C.Demonstratingthepotentialvalueofscience.D.Promotingthesubjectas“fun”or“interesting”.14.Whydoestheteamconductvariousactivities?A.Toboostsciencedevelopment.B.Tomeetthepupils’needsforschoolevents.C.Topromoteteachingrelatedcareers’development.D.Toimprovestudents’understandingofSTEMcareers.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.WhatIstheDefinitionofPIER?B.IncreasePupils’LearningAwarenessC.HowDoesthePIERProjectComeintoBeing?D.ThePIERProjectHelpsPoorPupilsEngageinScience【答案】12.B13.C14.D15.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了為了幫助來自貧窮地區(qū)學生更多參與對科學、技術(shù)、工程和數(shù)學的參與度而展開的ThePIER項目?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“It’slongbeenacknowledgedthatstudentsfromdisadvantagedbackgroundsareunder-representedinscience,technology,engineeringandmathematicscareers.(長期以來，人們一直認為，來自弱勢背景的學生在科學、技術(shù)、工程和數(shù)學領(lǐng)域的代表性不足。)”可知人們通常認為一些弱勢背景的學生對科學的參與度不夠。故選B項?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Theseinitialfindingssuggestthatattemptstoincreasescienceparticipationamongyoungpeopleshouldnotsimplypromotethesubjectas“fun”or“interesting”.Instead,greaterimpactcouldbeachievedbydemonstratingclearlyhowsciencecanopenpossiblefuturecareeropportunities.(這些初步發(fā)現(xiàn)表明，增加年輕人的科學參與的嘗試不應該簡單地將這一主題推廣為“令人愉快的”或“有趣的”。相反，通過清楚地展示科學如何打開未來可能的職業(yè)機會，可以獲得更大的影響。)可知PIER項目將注意力更多地放在去展示科學的潛在價值上。故選C項?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Manyofthepupilstakingpartinthestudyunderstoodthatstudyingsciencecouldbeusefulbutfewcouldexplainwhy,suggestinganeedforgreatereducationaboutSTEMcareers.Aswellasbroadeningourunderstandingoftheissue,thePIERprojectissolvingtheproblemheadon.Theteamhascarriedoutavarietyofactivitieseachyearfortheparticipants,including“meetthescientists”events,tripstoUCLan’sAlstonObservatoryaswellasfamilyscienceeventsatschool.(許多參與這項研究的學生理解學習科學可能很有用，但很少有人能解釋為什么，這表明需要對STEM職業(yè)進行更多的教育。除了擴大我們對這個問題的理解外，PIER項目也在正面解決這個問題。該團隊每年為參與者開展各種活動，包括“與科學家見面”活動、前往烏克蘭的奧爾斯頓天文臺以及在學校舉辦的家庭科學活動。)”可知這支團隊舉辦各種活動的目的是為了提高學生對STEM職業(yè)的理解。故選D項?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“TheScienceandTechnologyFacilitiesCouncil(STFC)andUniversityofCentralLanca-shire(UCLan)sharefindingsofaprojecttoimprovestudentengagementwithscience,technology,engineeringandmathematics(STEM).(科學和技術(shù)設(shè)施委員會和中央蘭卡郡大學分享了一個項目的發(fā)現(xiàn)，以提高學生對科學、技術(shù)、工程和數(shù)學(stem)的參與度。)”以及最后一段““Muchgovernmentpolicytowardsboostingscienceinhighereducationfocusesonanassumedlackofinterestanddesireinlow-socioeconomicgroups.”However,theenthusiasmisalreadythereandthis“hiddenscienceidentity”needstoberevealedandtranslatedintoreal-lifeprospectsfortheseyoungpeople.We’rerecommendingthatprogramsinsteadallowyoungpeopletoexploretheirscienceidentitymorefullyandprovideinnovativewaystodiscoverthejobsthatstudyingsciencemayleadto.(“政府促進高等教育科學的政策都集中在低社會經(jīng)濟群體興趣和欲望的缺乏上?！比欢@種熱情已經(jīng)存在，這種“隱藏的科學身份”需要被揭示出來，并轉(zhuǎn)化為這些年輕人的現(xiàn)實生活前景。我們建議這個項目讓年輕人更充分地探索他們的科學身份，并提供創(chuàng)新的方式來發(fā)現(xiàn)研究科學可能帶來的工作。)”以及其他三段的主要內(nèi)容可知文章主要是在圍繞著PIER項目如何幫助貧窮的學生更多地從事科學活動展開的。D項“PIER項目幫助貧困學生從事科學研究”可以作為本文的最佳標題。故選D項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Haveyouevergonetoamuseumorashowandbeencompletelyblownawaybyapiece?Ifyouhaven’t,gooutandgetcultured.I’mastudentattheCollegeofVisualandPerformingArtswherewecreateallkindsofarteveryday.____16____ButIdon’tthinkthosepeopletrulyknowthedifficultiesandstrugglesintheprocessofmakingart.Firstofall,weneedtobeinspired.Youmaythinkthat’seasy.Infact,anythingcanserveasaconceptofaworkofart.____17____Sometimeswewillneedpeople,volunteers,bodiestodosoandfindingwillingpeopletoworkishard.Othertimeswehaveaclearideaofwhatwewantbutwedon’tknowhowtomakeotherpeoplefullyunderstandwhatwe’retryingtogetat.____18____Weneedaspacetobeabletobecreativeandthatcanbetrickytoacquire.Sometimesweneedartsuppliesorcertainequipmentandcostumesandthatcancostmoney.Evenifwedoacquirewhatweneed,visionschangeandmistakeshappensowemightnotendupusingtheresources.Theprocesscantakeweeks,months,andevenyearstobefullyrealized.Oncecompleted,weneedtoshareitandfindanaudienceandprovideanenvironmenttodisplayourwork.____19____Whatifnobodylikeswhatwecreated?Whatifourvisionisn’twhatwethoughtthoughcompleted?Creatingartisanartinitself.Itisreallynotaseasyasmanypeoplethink.____20____It’showweexpressourselvesandhowwecommunicatewiththerestoftheworld.A.Outsidersthinkourjobseasy.B.Weshouldbequietandcreative.C.Wemightchooseotherfieldsaswell.D.Resourcesarealsoahugefactorinmakingart.E.Thehardpartcomeswhenweputourideasintoreality.F.Andthenegativethoughtslovetooverpowerourminds.G.Ittakestime,patienceandspacewhenthingsdon’tgoasexpected.【答案】16.A17.E18.D19.F20.G【解析】【導語】這是一篇議論文。文章開篇提出很多人認為藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作的工作很簡單，但作者認為這些外行人士不懂藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作的艱難之處，并從藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作的靈感、資源、時間等方面論述藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作工作的不易，最后總結(jié)出藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作本身就是一件藝術(shù)，需要耐心、時間、空間?！?6題詳解】上文“I’mastudentattheCollegeofVisualandPerformingArtswherewecreateallkindsofarteveryday.(我是一名視覺與表演藝術(shù)學院的學生，每天都在創(chuàng)作各種各樣的藝術(shù)作品)”，下文“ButIdon’tthinkthosepeopletrulyknowthedifficultiesandstrugglesintheprocessofmakingart.(但是我認為那些人并不是真正了解藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作過程中的艱辛。)”，說明中間設(shè)空處需要填一個意思與其相反相對的表達。A項“Outsidersthinkourjobseasy.(外人認為我們的工作很容易。)”恰好與之對應，下文的thosepeople指代A項中的Outsiders，下文的difficult也與A項中的easy對應。故選A項?！?7題詳解】上文“Firstofall,weneedtobeinspired.Youmaythinkthat’seasy.Infact,anythingcanserveasaconceptofaworkofart.(首先，我們需要靈感。你可能認為這很容易。事實上，任何東西都可以作為藝術(shù)作品的概念。)”提到了藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作需要靈感，而任何東西都可以作為藝術(shù)作品的概念，這是容易的部分。而下文“Sometimeswewillneedpeople,volunteers,bodiestodosoandfindingwillingpeopletoworkishard.(有時我們需要人、志愿者、人模來做這些，而找到愿意做這些工作的人很難。)”提到很難找到愿意做這些工作的人，屬于藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作工作中難的部分。因此中間需要有過度，E項“Thehardpartcomeswhenweputourideasintoreality.(我們要把想法變?yōu)閷嶋H時，困難就來了。)”恰好能把上下文銜接起來。故選E項?！?8題詳解】本題設(shè)空處位于段首，根據(jù)下文“Weneedaspacetobeabletobecreativeandthatcanbetrickytoacquire.Sometimesweneedartsuppliesorcertainequipmentandcostumesandthatcancostmoney.Evenifwedoacquirewhatweneed,visionschangeandmistakeshappensowemightnotendupusingtheresources.(我們需要一個能夠發(fā)揮創(chuàng)造力的空間，而這很難獲得。有時我們需要一些藝術(shù)用品或某些設(shè)備和服裝，這需要花錢。即使我們獲得了我們需要的東西，我們的想法會發(fā)生變化，錯誤也會隨之出現(xiàn)，所以我們可能最終不會使用這些資源。)”可知，整段內(nèi)容都在講藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作需要用到的資源，故段首句需要含括整段內(nèi)容。結(jié)合選項可知，D項“Resourcesarealsoahugefactorinmakingart.(資源也是藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作的一個重要因素。)”一方面能概括整段內(nèi)容，另一方面also與第二段的firstofall對應。故選D項?！?9題詳解】上文“Theprocesscantakeweeks,months,andevenyearstobefullyrealized.Oncecompleted,weneedtoshareitandfindanaudienceandprovideanenvironmenttodisplayourwork.(這個過程可能需要幾周、幾個月、甚至幾年的時間才能完全實現(xiàn)。一旦完成，我們需要分享它，找個觀眾，并提供一個環(huán)境來展示我們的作品。)”提到了作品完成后會做的事情；下文“Whatifnobodylikeswhatwecreated?Whatifourvisionisn’twhatwethoughtthoughcompleted?(如果沒有人喜歡我們創(chuàng)造的東西怎么辦？如果我們的想法并不如我們所想的那樣完成了呢？)”是對完成作品后可能出現(xiàn)問題的假設(shè)，且都是一些消極的想法，F(xiàn)項“Andthenegativethoughtslovetooverpowerourminds.(我們的大腦里總是充斥著各種消極的想法。)”恰好與下文的消極設(shè)問對應。故選F項。【20題詳解】上文“Creatingartisanartinitself.Itisreallynotaseasyasmanypeoplethink.(藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作本身就是一種藝術(shù)。這真的不像許多人想的那么容易。)”總結(jié)性地提到了藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作并不是那么容易的；下文“It’showweexpressourselvesandhowwecommunicatewiththerestoftheworld.(它是我們表達自我的方式，也是我們與世界交流的方式。)”總結(jié)了藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作對從事藝術(shù)的人的意義，故中間同樣需要一句總結(jié)性的話語，表明藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作的不易。G項“Ittakestime,patienceandspacewhenthingsdon’tgoasexpected.(當事情不像預期那樣發(fā)展時，需要時間、耐心和空間。)”恰好總結(jié)了前面幾段的內(nèi)容，符合文意。故選G項。第三部分語言知識運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)(共20小題;每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Afriendofminecalledmeat2am.Iusuallyworkedthroughthe____21____,soIwasawake.Shewas____22____someproblemsandwantedtotalktomeaboutthem.Iwas____23____withwork,underalotofpressure.____24____mywork,Ialsohadalotonmymind.ButI____25____tostopwhatIwasdoing,putitall____26____andtalkedtoher.Itdidthetrickbecausewemanagedtofindsomekindofclaritytothe____27____aftertheconversation.Ifelthappy.Iknowthatsometimeswhat____28____isnotreallywhatyoutalkaboutorwhetheryouhavefounda(n)____29____solutiontotheproblem.Whatreallycountsisknowingthatwhenyouaregoingthrougha（n）_____30_____time,youhaveashouldertoleanon.Justknowingthatsomebody_____31_____enoughtogiveyoutime,supportand_____32_____,withoutanyjudgment,isenoughto_____33_____muchoftheweightthatyouarecarrying.I'veeverbeeninsituationswhereI'vehadto_____34_____throughthingsbymyself,withnosupportatall.Livinglikethismakesyouvery_____35_____.Butitalsomakesyoucynical,andleavesyoufeelinglikeyoucanonlydependonyourself.Ihavehad_____36_____frompeopleattimes,totally_____37_____whenIhavereallyneededit.AndIrealisewhata(n)_____38_____itcanmake,havingsomeonetotalkto.IreallyhopethatIwasabletogivemyfriendsupport.Eventhoughwedidnot_____39_____theproblem,IhopethatIwasableto_____40_____herofsomeoftheweightthatshewascarrying.21.A.day B.night C.year D.dusk22.A.goingthrough B.backingup C.lininginwith D.makingupfor23.A.equipped B.contrasted C.provided D.overloaded24.A.Given B.Including C.Besides D.Without25.A.regretted B.decided C.hesitated D.dedicated26.A.onhold B.outofcontrol C.athand D.withinreach27.A.program B.situation C.life D.fortun