英語答案校對和問答題參考答案英語答案校對和問答題參考答案英語答案校對和問答題參考答案英語答案校對和問答題參考答案編制僅供參考審核批準(zhǔn)生效日期地址：電話：傳真:郵編:Unit3判斷題第一題和選擇題第一題（C選項(xiàng)）貌似矛盾。。問答題：1、WhataresomeofthecharacteristicsoftheBritishconstitutionalmonarchy

HowhastheEnglishmonarchyevolvedgraduallytothepresentconstitutionalmonarchy?A:①theofficialheadofstateisthemonarchywithtraditionalandsymbolicpower.Thegovernmentiselectedbypeopleandgovernsaccordingtotheconstitutionalprinciples.②Inancienttimes,themonarchyruledthecountryaccordingtotheancientdoctrine“DivinerightofGod”.Atthattime,monarchyhadgreatpower.Inthemedievaltime,whentheKing’sownwealthcouldn’tcoverroyalexpenses,hewouldtrytopersuadetheGreatCounciltogivehimsomeextramoney.Bythe13thcentury,KingswidentheGreatCounciltoraisemoremoney.Inthisway,theGreatCouncilcametoincludewhoweresummonedbynameandrepresentativesofcommunities.Thepowerofparliamentbecamebiggerandbiggerovertime.Inthe17thcentury,theCivilWarbrokeoutwhichwasrootedinadisputeofthepoweroftheKingandParliament.TheroundheadsrepresentingtheParliamentdefeatedtheroyalists.ButarestorationtothethronewasachievedbyCharlesⅡin1660.In1688,theKingagreedtodeclarethatgoverningwithouttheparliamentisillegalintheGloriousRevolution.In1689,theBillofRightwaspassedbyparliamentwhichmakesuretheKingwouldneverbeabletoignoretheparliament.2、Howdidthedoctrineofthe“divinerightofking”,accordingtotheauthor,leadtotheCivilWarWhatdoyouknowabouttherevolutionofthe17thcentury

A:①ItwasheldthatthesovereignderivedhisauthorityfromGodnotfromhissubjects.Sothesovereigncandowhateverhelikes.ButwiththeacquisitionofpowerofParliament,king’spowerwaslimited.TheCivilwarwasrootedinadisputeoverthepowerofthekingandparliament.②thereweretworevolutionsof17thcentury:thecivilwarandthegloriousrevolution.ThecivilwarwasledbytheroundheadsthatrepresentingParliamentdefeatedtheroyalists.Theroundheadssucceededinoustingthemonarchy,CharlesⅠ,in1642andruledfor18yearsbeforethemonarchy,CharlesⅡ,wasrestored.Thegloriousrevolutionhappenedin1688,whenthekingJamesⅡalsotriedtogovernwithouttheconsentoftheparliament.LeadingpoliticiansandauthoritiesofthechurchaskJames’son-in-lawWilliamofOrange,toreplacehim.Inreturn,Williampromisedtheserepresentativesthathewilldeclarethatgoverningwithouttheparliamentconsenttobeillegal.In1689parliamentpassedtheBillofRightthatthekingwouldneverbeabletoignoreparliament.3、WhatisthehistoryofEnglishparliament

Whatroledidtheparliamentplayinthecivilwar?A:①Thetermwasfirstusedofficiallyin1236todescribethegatheringoffeudalbaronsandrepresentativesfromcountiesandtownswhichthekingoccasionallysummonedifhewantedtoraisemoney.Bythe13thCentury,kingfoundtheycouldnotmaketheendsmeetbyaskingmoneyfromthisquitesmallgroup,andsotheywidenedtheGreatCounciltoincluderepresentativesofcounties,citiesandtowns.ItwasinthiswaythattheGreatCouncilcametoincludeboththosewhoweresummoned“byname”(theHouseofLords)andrepresentativesofcommunities(theHouseofCommons).ThetwohousesexisttodaycollectivelywecallthemtheParliament.②Parliamentrepresentsthecommunity,havingnorealpoliticalright,andItwastheefforttoreasserttherightsofParliamentthatledtothecivilwar.4、DiscussthemajorcharacteristicsandthemaincontentofBritishconstitutionA:IsraelandBritainaretheonlytwocountrieswithoutwrittenconstitutions.ThefoundationsofBritishConstitutionarelaidoutin:①statutelawwhicharepassedbyParliament.②thecommonlaw:lawswhichhavebeenwrittenthroughcommonpracticeincourts.③conventions:rulesandpracticeswhichdonotexistlegallybutareneverthelessregardedasvitaltotheworkingofgovernment.5、WhydoestheauthorsaythatparliamentissupremeintheBritishstateWhatfunctiondoesparliamenthaveWhatroledoestheQueen(king)andPrimeMinisterplayinBritishgovernmentA:①parliamentcanchangethetermsofConstitutionandtherearenotlegalrestraintsuponit.②First,ItpasslawswhichisthemostimportantoneSecond,Itprovidesthemeansofcarryingontheworkofgovernmentbyvotingfortaxation.Third,Itscrutinizesgovernmentpolicy,administrationandexpenditureFourth,Itdebatesthemajorissuesoftheday.③TheQueenistheheadofexecutives,anintegralpartofthelegislature,headofthejudiciary,commanderofchiefofthearmedforces,aconfidantetotheprimeminister.④theprimeministeristheleaderofthepartywhichwinsthemostsupportersintheCommons.Heformthegovernment.6、WhatkindofinstitutionisthehouseofLords

WhatroledoesitplayintheBritishgovernment.

A:①ThehouseofLordsismadeoftheLordsSpiritual(archbishopsandmostprominentbishopsofthechurchofEngland)andtheLordsofTemporal(everyoneelse)②peersspeakandvoteasindividualsinparliament,notasrepresentativesofthegreatinterestsofthecountry.BecausethehouseofLordsisapartoftheparliament,itmustagreetopassagivenlegislationbeforethelegislationisputintoeffect.(課本40頁第四段)Unit71、（1）Thepurposeofschoolistoprovidechildrenwithliteracyandtheotherbasicskillstheywilltobecomeactivemembersofsociety.ButthepurposeoftheBritisheducationsystemisalsotosocializechildren.（2）開放題2、ThecontroversiesineducationsystemreflectthedeeperdivisionsinBritishsocietyasawhole.Britainisasocietyinwhichsocialclassisstillveryimportant:classinequalitycanbeerasedorcontinuedaccordingtoeducationalpolicy.Ifyouunderstandtheimportanceoftherelationshipbetweeneducationandsocialclass,youcanunderstandagreatdealaboutBritishcultureandsociety.3、（1）WhentheGermansbegandroppingbombsonBritishcities,750000schoolchildrenwere“evacuated”toliveinthecountrysidewhereitwashopedtheywouldbesafer.Schoolswereclosedorusedforwarpurposesandeducationcontinuedinthecountrysideonanhocbasis.（2）moreequality（3）=1\*GB3①Theresultwasthe1944EducationActwhichmadeentrytosecondary（middle）schoolsanduniversities“meritocratic”.=2\*GB3②Inthe1960s,comprehensiveschoolswereintroducedalloverthecountry,whichendedthedivisionbetweengrammarschools.Entranceexamswereabolishedandschoolswerenolongerallowedtoletchildren“compete”forplaces.4、Universities,reflectingthetrendthroughouttheeducationsystem,havetraditionallyvbeenratherelitist.Moststudentswerefromthemiddleclasses,attendedgoodschools,performedwellintheirA-levelsandreceivedafully-fundedplaceinauniversity.5、(1)TheopenUniversityoffersanon-traditionalrouteforpeopletotakeuniversitylevelcoursesandreceiveauniversitydegree.Peoplecanregisterwithouthavinganyformaleducationalqualifications.Theyfollowuniversitycoursesthroughtextbooks,TVandradiobroadcasts,correspondence,videos,residentialschoolsandanetworkofstudycentres.(2)開放題Unit9TTFTTFFTTTCDBAACBCAAreadingnewspapersnational,dailyqualitytheGuardianthetabloidcensorshiptheBritishBroadcastingCorporationBBCOne;BBCTwoThetabloidsTheFinancialTimeTheOfficialSecretActFunctions,cultureIV.qualitypapersoneofthecategoriesofthenationaldailieswhichcarrymoreserious,in-deptharticlesofparticularpolitical,reviewsandfeaturearticlesabouthighculture.Theyarealsoreferredasthe‘’broadsheets’’andtheirreadersaregenerallyawell-educatedmiddleclassaudience.tabloidsasmallformatnewspaperswithcolorphotosandcatchyheadlines.Usuallyinterestedinscandalsandgossipaboutfamouspeople.theTimesTheTimesbeganpublishingin1785anditistheUnitedKingdom’soldestdailynewspaper.BBCTheBritishBroadcastingCorporation.Foundedin1927asapublicserviceradiostationandlatermovedintelevision.It’sBritain’mainpublicservicebroadcasterwhichhas2channels.QuestionsBecauseformostBritishpeople,mostdaybeginwithalookatthemorningnewspapers.Onanaverageday,90%ofBritonsovertheageof15readanationalorlocalpaper.Andintheevening,mostBritonssettledowntowatchsometelevision:96%ofthepopulationwatchTVatleastonceaweek.Theyprovidepeoplewithinformationaboutpoliticalandsocialissues;provideweatherreports;carryadvertising;providepeopleaforumforpeopletoexpresstheirviewsorseekadvice.ButBritishmediaplayanimportantroleinengenderinganationalculture.Britishnewspapercultureisunusualintheextenttowhichclasseducationaldifferencesarereflectedinthenewspaperspeopleread.Althoughmostnewspapersarefinanciallyindependentofpoliticalparties,theyoftenexpressparticularpoliticalviewsandmostpeoplewillchoosetoreadanewspaperwhichaccordswiththeirownfellings.NewspaperreadinginAmericaisamainlymiddle-classhabit,butinBritainthe“l(fā)owerclasses”arealsoregulars.Thereisnoparticularstatecensorship,butmanyBritishlawslimitthefreedomofthepress.ThemediasuchasjournalisalsoaffectedbytheOfficialSecretsActs,alegalactwhichstipulatesthatallgovernmentinformationiskeptsecretunlessthegovernmentsaysitcanbereleased.TheBBCisfundedbylicensefeesandviewersmustbuyalicenseeachyearfortheirTVset.BecausetheBBCisfundedbylicensefees,therearetechnicallynocommercials,althoughbetweenshowstherearetrailersforupcomingshowsandpromotionsforproductsassociatedwiththeBBC.Unit10判斷、選擇、填空校對判斷10.FP157ScotlandLine2(InIreland[Scotland],NewYear’sEve…)填空4RoyalAscotP153Line3問答Q1:FindsomeexamplesfromthetexttodemonstratehowChristianChurchhasinfluencedthesportsandleisureactivitiesoftheBritish.A1:Example1:SundayisstillthedaythatmostpeoplehaveoffintheUKbecauseitisthedayoftheweekwheneveryonetraditionallywenttoChurch.Example2:TenniswasinventedinBritainanditowesitsorigins,literally,totheChurch.Churchrecordsindicatethatbythemid-15thcentury,peopleweremakingagameofbouncingaballoffthesideoftheirlocalchurchesorcathedrals,fisrtusingthehand,andlateraracquet.Q2:WhyiscricketveryEnglishWhydoestheauthorbelievethatcricketwasassociatedwithasetofEnglishvalues

A2:CricketwasoneoftheveryfirstteamsportsinBritaintohaveoragnisedrulesandtobeplayedaccordingtothesamerulesnationally.Inthe19thcentury,cricketbecamea“snob”gameplayedbyboyswhoattendedpublicschools.AsgenerationsofpublicschoolboysgrewuptobecomethecivilservantsandrulersoftheUK,cricketbecameassociatedwithasetofEnglishvalues,inparticulartheideaof“fairplay”whichcharacterizedBritishgovernmentQ3:HowdotheBritishcelebrateChristmas

InwhatwaydoesthisholidayandthewaysofcelebrationinBritainreflectWesternculturaltraditioningeneralandBritishtraditionsinparticular?A3:FormancienttimestherearemanyCelticorpagantraditionssuchasdecoratingthehousewithevergreenplantslikehollyandivy,orkissingunderatwigofmistletoe.NowadaysChristmasiscelebratedbyexchanginggiftsandChristmascards,preparingholidayfoodsanddecoratinghomesandworkplacesitscolouredlightsChristmastreesandornaments.TherearethreewaysthatareparticularlyBritish:oneistheChristmasPantomime.Itisacomicalmusicalplayusuallybasedonapopulartraditionalchildren’sstory,therearetwomaincharactersintheplay:themainmalecharacter,“theprincipalboy”,isplayedbyayoungwoman,and“theDame”,oftenanuglywoman,isplayedbyaman.AnotherBritishChristmastraditionistoheartheQueengiveherChristmasmessagetoherrealmoverthetelevisionandradio.Sheusuallytalksabouttheyearthathaspassedandexpressesherhopesforthefuture.AthirdBritishtradition,whichisalsocelebratedincountrieswithBritishheritages,isBoxingDay,whichfallsonthedayafterChristmas.Traditionally,itwasonBoxingDaythatpeoplegaveChristmasgiftsormoneytotheirstafforservants.NowthatmostBritishpeopledonothaveservants,thiscustomisnolongerobserved.However,anewBoxingDaycustomhasemerged,inthecitiesatleast:shopping.ShopsopenuptoselloffalltheirChristmasstockdecorations,food,cardsandgiftitemsatlowprices.Q4:InwhatwayaretheWelshpeopledifferentfromEngland,Scotland,andNorthernIrelandincelebratingtheirholidays

[書上木有答案]下冊Unit4判斷題第8題沒有在書中找到答案。選擇題沒有問題簡答題1.①(1)whenthewarofindependencewasover,theunitedstateswasnotoneunifiednation.(2)Eachnewstatehaditsowngovernmentandwasorganizedlikeanindependentnation.(3)Eachmadeitsownlawsandhandledallofitsinternalaffairs.(4)ThestatesdidnotcooperatewiththeCongressorwitheachother.(5)whentheCongressneededmoneytopaythenationalarmyortopaydebtsowedtoFranceandothernations,somestatesrefusedtocontribute.(6)TheCongresshadbeennoauthoritytoforceanystatetodoanything.itcouldnottaxanycitizen.Onlythestateinwhichacitizenlivedcoulddothat.②itwasnecessary.ThefutureofAmericanwouldbeingrayiftherewerenotanychanges.Theycouldnotwintherespectofothernationsifthestatesdidnotpaytheirdebts.Theycouldnotimprovethecountrybybuildingroadsorcanalsifthestateswouldnotworktogether.2.我相信不會考，你們相信我么。。。3.①legislativebranch:themaindutyofthecongressistomakelaws,levyfederaltaxes,declarewarorputforeigntreatiesintoeffect.Executivebranch:Thepresident,thechiefformulatorofpublicpolicy,hasbroadpowerstoissueregulationsanddirectives,andappointstheheadsandseniorofficialsoftheexecutivebranchagencies.Judicialbranch:theCourt’smostimportantfunctionconsistsofdeterminingwhethercongressionallegislationorexecutiveactionviolatestheConstitution.Thechecksandbalance:ThebillpassedbyCongressshouldbesenttothepresidentforhissignature.AndthepresidentcanvoteanybillpassedbyCongress,thevotecanalsobeoverriddeniftwo-thirdsofthemembersofbothhousesinCongressvoteinfavorofit.Thepresidenthastheauthoritytomaketreatieswithothernationsandtoappointfederaljudgesasvacanciesoccur,includingmembersoftheSupremeCourt.AllsuchtreatiesandcourtappointmentsaresubjecttoconfirmationbytheSenate.Thepresidenthastheauthoritytoappointfederaljudgesasvacanciesoccur,includingmembersoftheSupremeCourt.TheCourtcandeterminewhethertheexecutiveactionviolatestheConstitutionandhastherightofexamination.TheCongresscanremovethefederaljudgesthroughtheprocessofimpeachmentandtrial,andtheSupremeCourthasthepowertodeclarethelawunconstitutionalpassedbytheCongressandthereforenolongerineffect.見圖示：4．見名詞解釋5課后答案5．Today,theunitedstateshastwomajorparties.OneistheDemocraticParty,whichisevolvedoutofThomasJefferson’sparty,formedbefore1800.Thesymbolisdonkey.AndmostAmericansconsidertheDemocraticpartythemoreliberalparty.BythattheymeanDemocratsbelievethefederalgovernmentandthegovernmentsshouldbeactiveinprovidingsocialandeconomicprogramsforthosewhoneedthem.TheotherpartyistheRepublicanParty,whichwasformedinthe1850sbypeopleinthestateoftheNorthandWest.Thesymbolofitistheelephant.IncontrasttotheDemocraticParty,theRepublicansarenotnecessarilyopposedtosocialprograms,theybelievesuchprogramsaretoocostlytothetaxpayers.TheyplacemoreemphasisonprivateenterpriseandoftenaccusetheDemocratsofmakingtheinitiative.soAmericanstendtothinktherepublicanPartyasmoreconservative.拼寫錯(cuò)誤敬請諒解！！下U8EducationintheUS問答題WhatisthegoalofeducationintheUS?P118Thegoalistoachieveuniversalliteracyandtoprovideindividualswiththeknowledgeandskillsnecessarytopromoteboththeirownindividualwelfateaswellasthatofthegeneralpublic.HowdidAmericaneducationsystembegintodevelop?P121(1)WithinjustafewyearsafterthePuritans’arrival,theytookstepstosetupasystemofeducationintheircolony:In1634,theyopeneda“l(fā)atingrammar”school.In1636,HarvardCollegewasfoundedforthetrainingofreligiousministers.In1634and1638,thePuritanspassedlawsdeclaringthatallpropertycouldbetaxedforthecommengood,whichincludedthesupportofschools.In1642and1647,theBayGolonypassedlawsrequiringallparentstoprovidereadingeducationfortheirchildren.Thus,inlessthan20years,thePuritansintroducedcompulsoryeducationforallchildreninthe17thcentury.P122(2)The10thAmendmentoftheConstitutionguaranteestherightofeachstatetoprovidefortheeducationofitspeople.(3)In1954theSupremeCourtruleditisunconstitutionaltosegregateblacksintoseparateschool.P123(4*)MoreandmoreAmericansviewedtheuniversityasthedoorwaytoamedicalorlawdegree,apositioningovernment,oramanagementpositioninamajorbusinessoffice.本人認(rèn)為此題是開放題。。。Unit10Socialproblems選擇題、判斷題、填空題木有發(fā)現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤。問答題：Americansocietyisastratifiedone,inwhichpower,wealth,andprestigeareunequallydistributedamongthepopulation.Thisinequalityisnotsimplyamatterofdistinctionsbetweengenderandsocialclasses;ittendstofollowracialandethniclinesaswell.Withtheresultthatclassdivisionsoftenparallelracialdivisions.Thefirstmalesettlersfrom“Anglo-Saxon”northwesternEuropequicklytookcontrolofeconomicassetsandpoliticalpowerintheUnitedStates,andtheyhavemaintainedthiscontrol,toagreaterorlesserdegree,eversince.SuccessivewavesofimmigrantsfromotherpartsofEuropeandelsewhereintheworldhadtostrugglelongandhardtobecomeassimilatedintothemainstreamofAmericanlife.Thosewhoseethnicorracialcharacteristicsdiffermostmarkedlyfromthoseofthedominantgroups—havebeenexcludedbyformalandinformalbarriersfromfullparticipationinAmericanlife.Origin:Withinafewdecadesafter1619,AfricansweresoldasslavetotheUnitedStatesthroughmassiveslavetrade.Thewhitesoldthemlikecattleatauction.Theysufferedoppression,discrimination,anddenialofbasiccivilrightsandliberties.Development:TheNorthernstateshadalloutlawedslaveryby1830,butintheSouthernstates,theslaverywasnotabolisheduntilthecivilwarin1863.Theinstitutionwasendedby13thAmendmenttotheConstitutionin1865.Butevenafterthat,wholesalediscriminationwaspracticedagainstblackAmericans.SegregationlawscontinuedtobeenforcedinSouthernstatesuntil1950s;intheNorththeinformalmethodswereused.The1960ssawthegreatcivilrightsmovement.Currentsituation:ThecurrentstatusofAfro-Americanspresentsamixedpicture.Theeliminationoflegalbarrierstotheiradvancementhasbeenamajorgain,butinstitutionalizeddiscriminationisstillrife.Racerelationsbetweenblackandwhitestillleavemuchtobedesired,althoughthereisunmistakableevidenceofsomeimprovementsinattitudes.(1)PovertyintheUnitedStatesdosenotsimplymeanthatthepoordonotlivequiteaswellasothercitizens.Itmeansmanyoldpeopleeatingdogandcatfoodtosupplementtheirdiets,malnutritionanddeprivationforhundredsofthousandsofchildren,greatersusceptibilitytodiseasetoalcoholism,tovictimizationbycriminalsandtomentaldisorders.Itoftenmeansunstablemarriages,slumhousing,illiteracy,ignorance,inadequatemedicalfacilities,andshortenedlifeexpectancy.Povertycanmeanlowself-esteem,despair,andstuntingofhumanpotential.BecausethecontinuedexistenceofpovertyinagenerallyaffluentAmericansocietyraiseseriousmoralquestions—andinevitablycreatesfierceconflictsofinterestandmanypoliticalcontroversies.5.(1)BecauseitisperceivedbymostAmericansasamajorthreattooursociety,particularlytoitsyoungermembers.(2)Becauseithasawiderangeofsocialcosts,ordysfunctions,likecrime,automobileaccidents,economiclossesandbadeffectsonindividuals.Unit13判斷題12課后答案是F，但是根據(jù)P21653條和P211第10行，推斷答案是T選擇、填空沒錯(cuò)。個(gè)人認(rèn)為此單元的問答題都是開放題，不會考。下15判斷正誤4、5題沒在書上找到依據(jù)選擇10第248頁，第2段第2行、6行、倒數(shù)2行（可能題目有問題，也許是youcan’tsee）問答題1、2、3、5都是開放性問題4、=1\*GB3①Alaskaiscalledthe”lastgreatplace”becausemanygreatplacesonourplanethavebeenover-exploitedbyhumansforeconomicgains.=2\*GB3②Thisarea(ANWR)onthenorthAlaskancoastisrichinoilresourse.=3\*GB3③ThedebatehasbeengoingonoverthequestionofdrillingoilornotinANWRsince1997.Shallwehumansrecklesslyexploitnaturetosatisfyourgrowingneedsorshallwedoourbesttopreservenaturetosaveourplanetfromfurtherdamage

Unit16I.Multiplechoices1~5.ABDCB6~10.DCBCCp259:”......andn