2023考研英語(yǔ)二3月模考試卷附答案SectionIUseofEnglishDirectionsReadthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET(20points)Abigthoughtcanbeoneofthe_1forcesintheworld.Iwas_2_withthatideaalloveragainwhenIheardthestoryofMaryCrowe.YoungMarywaswashingherfather'soverallsonedaywhenthebigthought_3_her.Inhermindshesawherself_4_fromcollegeincapandgown,acceptingherdiploma,readyto_5_acareer.SinceMarycamefromalow-incomefamily,herdreamseemedoutof_6_.TherewouldneverbeenoughmoneytosendMarytocollege._7_,nomemberofherfamilyhadevergonetocollege.ButMary_8_thatthought.Insecondaryschoolshestudiedhard,andspoke_9_ofherdreamtoteachersandfriends.Whenher_10_dayatschoolcame,herprincipalcalledherintohisoffice.UIhavea(n)_1l_fbryou,^^hesaid.Itcontainedascholarshiptoanearbycollege.Thepowerofathoughthad_12_itsfirstdividend.Butthescholarshipcouldcoveronlypartofhercollege_13_.Marytookeverypart-timejobshecouldfind.Mary'sdreamcametruewhenshegraduatedfromcollege.Thenshetookacourseininsurance.Whenshe_14_herselftoalocalinsurancecompanyforajob,shewas_15_?Sheappliedagain.Theanswerwasno.Shekeptgoingbackuntilthemanager_16_her.Twenty-fiveyearslaterMaryCrowe9sassociatesinthatcompany_17_ataspecialdinnerinherhonour,recognizingherforheroutstandingachievementsasaninsurancesaleswoman.“Eachofusisconstantlyinastateofbecoming,shesaid,givingherformulafbr_18_."Through_19_andfaithyoucanbecomewhatyouthink.Notthatyourlifewillbewithoutproblems,butalongthewayproblemswillbe_20_.Askandbelieve;dreamandbelieve;workandbelieve.^^第1題.[A]safest[B]strongest[C]heaviest[D]weakest[參考答案]B[答案解析]【解析】考查形容詞。句意：一個(gè)偉大的思想可以是世界上最強(qiáng)大的力量之一。A.safest“最安全的”;B.strongest”最強(qiáng)壯的“；C.heaviest"最重的“；D.weakest"最虛弱的“。根據(jù)下文可知，作者敘述MaryCrowe通過(guò)一個(gè)想法改變了自己命運(yùn)的故事，可推知作者是想說(shuō)偉大的思想是世界上最強(qiáng)大的力量之一o故選Bo第2題.[A]shocked[B]familiar[C]nervous[D]impressed[參考答案]D[答案解析]【解析】考查形容詞。句意：當(dāng)我聽到MaryCrowe的故事時(shí)，這個(gè)想法給我留下了深刻的印象。A.shocked“震驚的"；B.familiar”熟悉的“；C.nervous"緊張的“；D.impressed”印象深刻的MaryCrowe的故事讓作者對(duì)“偉大的思想是世界上最強(qiáng)大的力量之一”這個(gè)想法印象深刻。故選D?第3題.[A]seized[B]greeted[C]struck[D]beat[參考答窠]C[答案解析]【解析】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：有一天，年輕的Mary正在洗她父親的工作服時(shí)，突然有了一個(gè)重要的想法。A.seized"抓住”；B.greeted"打招呼”；C.struck"突然想到,打擊“；D.beat“打敗根據(jù)上文“abigthought”可知是突然有了一個(gè)重要的想法，strike此處表示“突然想到”，故選C。第4題.[A]graduating[B]escaping[C]driving[D]judging[參考答案]A[答案解析]【解析】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：在她的腦海里，她看到自己從大學(xué)畢業(yè)，戴著學(xué)位帽，穿著學(xué)位服，準(zhǔn)備開始自己的事業(yè)。A.graduating“畢業(yè)”；B.escaping“逃跑”；C.driving“駕駛”；D.judging“判斷”。根據(jù)下文“f?omcollegeincapandgown,acceptingherdiploma”可知是從大學(xué)畢業(yè)，故選A。第5題.[A]start[B]finish[C]abandon[D]quit[參考答窠]A[答案解析]【解析】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：在她的腦海里，她看到自己從大學(xué)畢業(yè)，戴著學(xué)位帽，穿著學(xué)位服，準(zhǔn)備開始自己的事業(yè)。A.start“開始"；B.Enish“結(jié)束”；C.abandon“拋棄”；D.quit“辭職大學(xué)畢業(yè)后應(yīng)當(dāng)是準(zhǔn)備開始自己的工作和事業(yè)。故選A。第6題.[A]control[B]question[C]sight[D]thought[參考答案]C[答案解析]【解析】考查名詞。句意：由于Mary來(lái)自低收入家庭，她的夢(mèng)想似乎遙不可及。A.control“控制”；B.question”問(wèn)題”；C.sight”視力”；D.thought"想法根據(jù)上文“SinceMarycamefromalow-incomefamily”可知Mary的夢(mèng)想似乎遙不可及，outofsight固定短語(yǔ)，“看不見，遙不可及故選C。第7題.[A]However[B]Instead[C]Therefore[D]Besides[參考答案]D[答案解析]【解析】考查副詞。句意：此外，她家里沒(méi)有一個(gè)人上過(guò)大學(xué)。A.However“然而”；B.Instead“相反”；C.Therefbre“因此”；D.Besides“此外”。根據(jù)上文表示除了家庭收入低，供不起她上大學(xué)之外，Mary家里沒(méi)有一個(gè)人上過(guò)大學(xué)。表示“此外，而且故選Do第8題.[A]heldonto[B]tookpridein[C]madeupfbr[D]cameupwith[參考答案]A[答案解析]【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意：但是Mary堅(jiān)持這個(gè)想法。A.heldonto”堅(jiān)持,'；B.tookpridein”以 為傲”；C.madeupfbr"補(bǔ)償”；D.cameupwith"提出"。根據(jù)下文“Insecondaryschoolshestudiedhard”可知Mary沒(méi)有并沒(méi)有放棄，而是堅(jiān)持了自己的想法，努力學(xué)習(xí)。故選A。第9題.[A]selfish[B]freely[C]unwillingly[D]jokingly[參考答案]B[答案解析]【解析】考查副詞。句意：在中學(xué)時(shí)，她努力學(xué)習(xí)，向老師和朋友暢談自己的夢(mèng)想。A.sefshly"自私地”;B.finely“自由地”；C.unwillingly“不情愿地”；D.jokingly“開玩笑地”。根據(jù)下文“ofherdreamtoteachersandfriends”可知，Mary對(duì)自己的老師和朋友暢所欲言自己的夢(mèng)想。故選B。第10題.[A]first[B]fbrmal[C]final[D]unique[參考答案]C[答案解析]【解析】考查形容詞。句意：當(dāng)她在學(xué)校的最后一天到來(lái)時(shí)，她的校長(zhǎng)把她叫到辦公室。A.first”最重要的"；B.fbrmal“正式的“；C.final“最終的”；D.unique“獨(dú)特的”。根據(jù)下文可知，校長(zhǎng)的信封里是去大學(xué)的獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金，可推知，這是在學(xué)校的最后一天。故選C。共12頁(yè)第4頁(yè)第11題1l.[A]book[B]envelope[C]souvenir[D]test[參考答案]B[答案解析]【解析】考查名詞。句意：“我有一個(gè)信封給你，”他說(shuō)。A.book“書籍”；B.envelope“信封”;C.souvenir“紀(jì)念品”;D.test“測(cè)試根據(jù)下文“Itcontainedascholarshiptoanearbycollege.”可推知，此處是裝著獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金的信封，故選B。第12題.[A]joined[B]wasted[C]consumed[D]produced[參考答案]D[答案解析]【解析】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：思想的力量產(chǎn)生了它的第一個(gè)紅利。A.joined“加入”；B.wasted“浪費(fèi)”；C.consumed“消耗”；D.produced”產(chǎn)生,此處將獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金比作Mary思想產(chǎn)生的紅利。故選D。第13題.[A]expenses[B]secrets[C]incomes[D]ambitions[參考答案]A[答案解析]【解析】考查名詞。句意：但獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金只能支付她大學(xué)費(fèi)用的一部分。A.expenses"費(fèi)用”；B.secrets”秘密”；C.incomes“收入”；D.ambitions“野心根據(jù)下文Mary去保險(xiǎn)公司求職可知，獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金只能支付一部分大學(xué)的費(fèi)用。故選A。第14題14,[A]limited[B]related[C]accustomed[D]presented[參考答案]D[答案解析]【解析】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：當(dāng)她到當(dāng)?shù)匾患冶ｋU(xiǎn)公司求職時(shí)，遭到了拒絕。A.limited“限制”；B.related“聯(lián)系“；C.accustomed”使習(xí)慣”；D.presented”代表根據(jù)下文“toalocalinsurancecompanyfbrajob”可知，此處是去保險(xiǎn)公司求職，presentoneselfto…固定短語(yǔ)，”出席,到場(chǎng)故選D。第15題.[A]pickedup[B]putaside[C]tumeddown[D]takenin[參考答窠]C[答案解析]【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意：當(dāng)她向當(dāng)?shù)匾患冶ｋU(xiǎn)公司求職時(shí)，遭到了拒絕。A.pickedup“撿起”；B.putaside"暫不考慮，把..…放在一邊”；C.turneddown“拒絕，關(guān)小”；D.takenin“吸收”。根據(jù)下文“Sheappliedagain.”可知，Mary被公司拒絕了。故選C。第16題.[A]believed[B]praised[C]accepted[D]noticed[參考答案]C[答案解析]【解析】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：她不斷地回去，直到經(jīng)理接受了她。A.believed“相信”；B.praised“稱贊”;C.accepted”接受''；D.noticed”注意到根據(jù)下文MaryCrowe被公司表彰可知，MaryCrowe_*直堅(jiān)持到經(jīng)理接受了她。故選C。第17題.[A]gathered[B]declared[C]resigned[D]parted[參考答案]A[答案解析]【解析】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：25年后，MaryCrowe在那家公司的同事們聚集在一個(gè)特別的晚宴上，表彰她作為一名保險(xiǎn)銷售員所取得的杰出成就。A.gathered“聚集”；B.declared“宣稱”；C.resigned“辭職”;D.parted”離開”。根據(jù)下文“ataspecialdinnerinherhonour”可知，公司的同事們聚集在一個(gè)特別的晚宴上。故選A。第18題.[A]reputation[B]independence[C]responsibilityfD]success[參考答案]D[答案解析]【解析】考查名詞。句意：“我們每個(gè)人都在不斷地成為一個(gè)人，”她說(shuō)，并給出了她的成功秘訣。A.reputation"名譽(yù)；B.independence“獨(dú)立"；C.responsibility"責(zé)任”；D.success"成功根據(jù)上文Mary被表彰可知，她成功了，分享了自己成功的秘訣。故選D。第19題.[A]suspension[B]enthusiasm[C]politeness[D]status[參考答案]B[答案解析]【解析】考查名詞。句意：通過(guò)熱情和信念，你可以成為你想成為的人。A.suspension“停職”；B.enthusiasm"熱情”；C.politeness“禮貌”；D.status"地位根據(jù)下文andfaith可知，此處是指通過(guò)熱情和信念，你可以成為想成為的人。故選B。第20題.[A]corrected[B]overcome[C]fbrgotten[D]collected[參考答案]B[答案解析]【解析】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：并不是說(shuō)你的生活沒(méi)有問(wèn)題，而是一路上問(wèn)題會(huì)被克服。A.corrected”糾正”;B.overcome“克服”;C.fdrgotten“忘記”；D.collected“收集根據(jù)上文“problemswillbe”可知,此處是指問(wèn)題會(huì)被克服。故選B。PartB根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Doesthissituationseem色miliartoyou?YourEnglishisprogressingwell,thegrammarisnowfamiliar,thereadingcomprehensionisnoproblem,andyouarespeakingquitefluently.(36).Firstofall,rememberthatyouarenotalone.ListeningisprobablythemostdifficultjobforalmostalllearnersofEnglishasaforeignlanguage.Themostimportantthingistolistenasoftenaspossible.(37).TheInternetisreallyausefultoolforEnglishstudents.YoucandownloadTheRealPlayerfromRealM.TheRealPlayerallowsyoutousetheInternetlikearadiostation.Onceyouhavebeguntolistenonaregularbasis,youmightstillbefrustratedbylimitedunderstanding.(38).HereissomeoftheadviceIgivemystudents:Acceptthefactthatyouarenotgoingtounderstandeverything.Stayrelaxedwhenyoudonotunderstand,andtrylisteningtothematerialformoretimes.Donottranslateeverythingintoyournativelanguage.(39),Don'tconcentrateondetailsbeforeyouhaveunderstoodthemainideas.Listentosomethingyouenjoy.IremembertheproblemsIhadinunderstandingspokenGermanwhenIfirstwenttoGermany.Inthebeginning,whenIdidn'tunderstandaword,Iinsistedontranslatingitinmymind.Thismethodusuallyresultedinconfusion.(40).Firstly,translatingcreatesabarrierbetweenthelistenerandthespeaker.Secondly,mostpeoplerepeatthemselvesconstantly.Byremainingcalm,InoticedthatevenifIdidnotpaymuchattentionIcouldusuallyunderstandwhatthespeakerhadsaid.Whatshouldyoudo?Listenforthegeneralideaoftheconversation.Butyoucan'tfollowanativeEnglishspeakeratall!Butlisteningisaproblemformostofthebeginners!共12頁(yè)第8頁(yè)So,whatyouneedtodoistofindlisteningresources.However,afterseveralweeks,IgotusedtothenewenvironmentinGermany.Then,afterthefirstsixmonths,Idiscoveredtwoextremelyimportantfacts.第21題［參考答案］C［答案解析］從前面的句子thereadingcomprehensionisnoproblem,andyouarespeakingquitefluently.可知盡管如此，你聽不懂當(dāng)?shù)厝说脑?，答案是C第22題［參考答案］E［答案解析］從后面的句子：TheRealPlayerallowsyoutousetheInternetlikearadiostation.可知你需要的是聽力資源，答案是E第23題［參考答案］A［答案解析］從后面的句子：HereissomeoftheadviceIgivemystudents:可知這句的意思是：你應(yīng)該做什么？故答案是A第24題［參考答案］B［答案解析］從后面的句子：Don'tconcentrateondetailsbeforeyouhaveunderstoodthemainideas.可知這——句表達(dá)的意思是：要專注于大意，答案是B第25題［參考答案］G［答案解析］從前面的句子：firstly…,secondly…可知：然后，頭六個(gè)月之后，有兩個(gè)重要的事實(shí)，故答案是G。SectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections.Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(30points)Text1Weallknowwhatitisliketobeunabletoturnyourheadbecauseofacoldinthemusclesofyourneck,orbecauseanunexpectedtwisthasmadeyourneckache.Theslightestmovemakesyoujumpwithpain.Nothingcouldbeworsethanapainintheneck.Thatiswhyweusethephrasetodescribesomepeoplewhogiveyouthesamefeeling.Wehaveallmetsuchpeople.Oneisthemanwhoalwaysseemstobeclappinghishands-oftenatthewrongtime-duringaperformanceinthetheater.Hekeepsyoufromhearingtheactors.Evenworsearethosewhocanneverarrivebeforethecurtaingoesupandtheplaybegins.Theycomehurryingdowntoyourrowofseats.Youarecomfortablysettleddown,withyourhatandheavycoatinyourlap.Youmuststanduptoletthempass.Youareproudofyourself^controlaftertheyhavesettledintotheirseats...Well,whatnow...God,oneofthemisupagain.Heforgottogotothemen'sroom,andoncemoreyouhavetostandup,hangingontoyourhatandcoattolethimpass.Now,thatis“apainintheneck”.Another,well-knowntousall,isthepersonsittingbehindyouinthemovies.Hismouthisfullofpopcorn;heischewingloudly,ortalkingbetweenbitestofriendsnexttohim.Noneofthemremainstill.Upanddown,backandforth,theygoforanotherbagofpopcorn,orsomethingtodrink.共12頁(yè)第10頁(yè)Then,thereisthemansittingnexttoyouatlunch,smoking.Hewantsyoutoenjoyittoo,andblowssmokeacrossyourfoodintoyourmouth.Wemustnotforgetthemanwhocomesintoabusorsubwayandsitsdownnexttoyou,justascloseasyouwilllethim.Youarereadingthenewspaperandhegetsclosersothathecanreadthepaperwithyou.Hemayeventurnthepapertothenextpagebeforeyouarereadyforit.Wealsocallsuchapersona“rubberneck”,alwaysgettingclosetowhereitdoesnotbelong,likeneighborswhowatchallyourvisitors.Theyenjoylearningaboutyourpersonalbusiness.Peoplehaveastrongdislikefbr“rubbernecks”.Theyhatebeingwatchedsecretly.第26題Wherecanyoufindthispassage?Inamedicinedictionary.inakids'storybook.Inasocialsciencebook.Inasciencetextbook.[參考答案]C[答案解析]這篇文章講了一些社交場(chǎng)合讓人不舒服的人的行為，所以應(yīng)該是出自一本社交學(xué)的書。選C第27題Accordingtothepassage,howdoyoufeelwhenlatecomerswalkbackandforthinfrontofyouinacinema?disturbed.bored.ignored.relaxed.[參考答案]A[答案解析]推理題：從第四段的句子：Youmuststanduptoletthempass.Youareproudofyourseli-controlaftertheyhavesettledintotheirseats可知這種行為讓你很難過(guò)。選A第28題A“rubberneck"often.saysbadwordsbehindpeople.quarrelsfacetofacewithneighbors.bargainswithsalespeopleoverthepriceasksaboutotherpeople'sbusiness[參考答案]D[答案解析]細(xì)節(jié)題：從最后一段的句子：Theyenjoylearningaboutyourpersonalbusiness.可知這是喜歡打探別人隱私的人。選D第29題WhichofthefollowingpersonsCANNOTbedescribedasa"painintheneck”?Someonewhooftenclapsatthewrongtimeduringaperformance.Someonewhofeelsacheinhisneckduetoacoldinthemuscles.Someonewhositsnexttoyousmoking,whichyouneverenjoy.Someonewhokeepseatingortalkingallthroughthemovies.[參考答案]B[答案解析]文章介紹的“painintheneck”的人是從行為上讓人難過(guò)的，不是真的有頸椎病的人。選B第30題Whatisthemainpurposeoftheauthor?Totellpeoplewhatmightbebadmannersinpublic.Tocriticizethepeoplewhomightbea“painintheneck”Toshowangertothosewhoaredescribedasa“painintheneck”.Totellpeoplehowtostopthepainintheneck.共12頁(yè)第12頁(yè)[參考答案]A[答案解析]主旨題；從整篇文章看是介紹了一些公共場(chǎng)合不禮貌的行為。選AText2Teensdon'tunderstandthebigfuss.Asthefirstgenerationtogrowupinawiredworldtheyhardlyknowatimewhencomputersweren'taround,andtheyeagerlycatchthechancetospendhoursonline,chattingwithfriends,sowhat?Butresearchersnationwideareincreasinglyworriedthatteensarebecomingisolated,lessskillfulatperson-to-personrelationships,andperhapsnumbtothecheatingsthataresomuchapartofthee-mailworld.“Andateen'ssenseofselfandvaluesmaybechangedinaworldwherepersonalconnectionscanbelimitless,99saidShettyTurkle.Anotherresearcher,RobertKraut,saidhe'sworriedaboutthe"opportunitycosts^^ofsomuchonlinetimeforyouths.Hefoundthatteenswhousedcomputers,evenjustafewhoursaweek,showedincreasedsignsoflonelinessandsocialisolation."Chattingonlinemaybebetterthanwatchingtelevision,butit'sworsethanhangingoutwithrealfriends,hesaid.Today'steens,however,don'tseeanythingstrangeinthefactthatthecomputertakesupacentralplaceintheirsociallives."Schoolisbusyandfullofpressure.There'salmostnotimetojusthangout,“saidParkerRice,"TalkingonlineisjusttocatchTeenssaytheyfeelgoodaboutwhattheysayonlineortakingthelimetothinkaboutareply.Someteensadmitthataskingsomeonefbradate,orbreakingup,canbeeasierinmessageform,thoughtheydon'twanttodoso.Buttheyinsistthere'snoharm.第31題Theresearchersarguethat.teensdevelopadifferentsenseofvaluesnothingiswrongwithteens*chattingonlineteenscanmanagetheirsocialconnectionsspendinghoursonlinedoesmuchgoodtoteens共12頁(yè)第13頁(yè)[參考答案]A[答案解析]考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的Andateen'ssenseofselfandvaluesmaybechangedinaworldwherepersonalconnectionscanbelimitless可知，全國(guó)各地的研究人員認(rèn)為青少年可能會(huì)形成不同的價(jià)值觀。故選A。第32題Teensthinkthattalkingonlinecanhelpthem.usecomputersproperlyimprovetheirschoolworkdevelopaninterestinsocialskillsreducetheirmentalpressures[參考答案]D[答案解析]考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Schoolisbusyandfullofpressures.There'salmostnotimetojusthangout.^^saidParkerRice,17.uTalkingonlineisjustcatchtime.“可知，青少年認(rèn)為上網(wǎng)聊天可以幫助他們減少精神壓力。故選D。第33題Thetextmainlydealswith.teens9pleasantonlineexperienceteens9computerskillsandschoolworktheeffectsofthecomputerworldonteensdifferentopinionsonteens1chattingonline[參考答案]D[答案解析]考查主旨大意。第一段提出主題，青少年花費(fèi)很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間在網(wǎng)上聊天；第二到四段講述幾種對(duì)青少年上網(wǎng)聊天的不同觀點(diǎn)；最后一段講述青少年的個(gè)人對(duì)上網(wǎng)聊天的看法，綜上所述可知，文章主要講述了有關(guān)青少年上網(wǎng)聊天的幾種不同觀點(diǎn)。故選D。共12頁(yè)第14頁(yè)第34題WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?Teensaremoreskillfulatperson-to-personrelationships.Teensshoweddecreasingsignsoflonelinessandsocialisolation.Chattingonlineisworsethanhangingoutwithrealfriends.Askingsomeoneforadate,orbreakingcanbemoredifficultinmessageform.[參考答案]C[答案解析]考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“Chattingonlinemaybebetterthanwatchingtelevision,butit'sworsethanhangingoutwithrealfiiends”可知，網(wǎng)上聊天可能比看電視好但是比起與真正的朋友閑逛更糟糕。故選Co第35題Thepurposeofthetextisto.describecomputerresearchresuitsdrawattentiontoteens*computerhabitssuggestwaystodealwithproblemteensdiscussproblemsteenshaveatschool[參考答案]B[答案解析]考查寫作目的?？v觀全文可知，作者通過(guò)客觀描述人們青少年上網(wǎng)的幾種不同的觀點(diǎn)，作者客觀地表達(dá)了青少年上網(wǎng)的壞處，也就不難推斷文章的寫作目的是為了引起人們對(duì)青少年上網(wǎng)習(xí)慣的注意。故選B。Text3Notallsoundsmadebyanimalsserveaslanguage,andwehaveonlytoturntothatextraordinarydiscoveryofecholocationinbatstoseeacaseinwhichthevoiceplaysastrictlypracticalrole.Togetafullappreciationofwhatthismeanswemustturnfirsttosomerecenthumaninventions.Everyoneknowsthatifheshoutsnearawalloramountainside,anechowillcomeback.Thefurtheroffthissolid共12頁(yè)第15頁(yè)obstacle,thelongertimeitwilltakefbrthereturnoftheecho.Asoundmadebytappingonthemainbodyofashipwillbereflectedfromtheseabottom,andbymeasuringthetimeintervalbetweenthetapsandthereceiptoftheechoesthedepthoftheseaatthatpointcanbecalculated.Sowasbomtheecho-soundingequipment,nowingeneraluseinships.Everysolidobjectwillreflectasound,varyingaccordingtothesizeandnatureoftheobject.Ashoaloffishwilldothis.Soitisacomparativelysimplestepfromlocatingtheseabottomtolocatingashoaloffish.Withexperience,andwithimprovedequipment,itisnowpossiblenotonlytolocatefishbuttotellifitisherring,cod,orotherwell-knownfish,bythepatternofitsecho.Afewyearsagoitwasfoundthatcertainbatsemitsqueaksandbyreceivingtheechoestheycouldlocateandsteerclearofobstacles-orlocateflyinginsectsonwhichtheyfeed.Thisecholocationinbatsisoftencomparedwithradar,theprincipleofwhichissimilar.第36題Themainpurposeofthispassageisto.describethatanimalscanmakedifferentsoundsprovethatanimalsvoicescanplaypracticalrolesinspirethereaderstomakemoreinventionsstartlethereaderswithsomeshockingfacts[參考答案]B[答案解析]主旨大意題。文章第1段就點(diǎn)明主題，明確指出以蝙蝠為例，動(dòng)物發(fā)出的聲音有實(shí)際作用，只有B可以概括文章的這個(gè)寫作目的。第37題ThediscoveryofecholocationmayhelpwithallofthefollowingEXCEPT.measuringthedepthoftheseadistinguishingdifferentkindsoffishimprovingthefunctionsofradarvaryingthesizeandnatureofanobject［參考答案］D[答案解析]事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。本題考查列舉處，可用排除法解答。A、B、C在文中都有相關(guān)提及。D利用第2段中的varying制造干擾。在原文中，指的是回聲因障礙物的不同而不同，而D偷換概念、曲解文意，D中的varying為及物動(dòng)詞，意為“改變”，顯然不可能是回聲定位的發(fā)現(xiàn)帶來(lái)的功效。第38題Bysaying“Ashoaloffishwilldothis”(Lines6-7,Para.2),theauthormeans.onlyonespecialkindoffishcanreflectsoundsonlyonespecialkindoffishcanbeusedtohelplocateashipalargegroupoffishcanreflectsoundsalargegroupoffishcanbeusedtohelplocateaship[參考答案]c[答案解析]詞義推斷題。本題考查對(duì)shoal的詞義推測(cè)及代詞this的理解。依據(jù)第2段最后幾句話，可推測(cè)出ashoaloffish指的是"海里的一群魚"；this則是指上一句提到的"任何固體都可以反射聲音"，因此這句話表明一大群魚就能像一個(gè)固體一樣反射聲音。第39題Asitisdiscussedinthepassage,thesqueaksofbatscanbefunctionallycomparedwith.humanlanguagesamountainsideashoaloffishtapsonaship[參考答案]D[答案解析]推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段可知，蝙蝠發(fā)出吱吱聲可以探測(cè)障礙物的距離，而第2段也指出輕敲船體可測(cè)知海底的距離，因此在功能上，D與蝙蝠的吱吱聲相同。A中的humanlanguages在文中未提到；B和C在文中各自的例子中充當(dāng)?shù)亩际钦系K物的角色，因此都不正確。第40題Whichofthefollowingstatementscanbeinferredfromthepassage?共12頁(yè)第17頁(yè)Animalsaremoreintelligentthanhumans.Humansaremoreintelligentthananimals.Animalsareoftencomparedwithhumaninventions.Humansareofteninspiredbyanimals.[參考答案]D[答案解析]推理判斷題。文章先說(shuō)動(dòng)物的回聲定位功能，再說(shuō)到回聲定位探測(cè)儀的發(fā)明，由此可見，是動(dòng)物的某些能力啟發(fā)了人類的創(chuàng)造，因此只有D可從文中推測(cè)。文章并沒(méi)有從智力方面比較人類和動(dòng)物，因此可以排除A和B;盡管文章說(shuō)到了蝙蝠和雷達(dá)的原理相似，但是C中的often一詞無(wú)據(jù)可循，且C的說(shuō)法浮于表面，沒(méi)有說(shuō)到重點(diǎn)，故排除。41PartC閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Whoarebetteratscienceinyourclass,girlsorboys?Theseyears,girlsstarttoshowmoreinterestinthe_41_(subject)ofscience,technology,engineeringandMaths(STEM),accordingtoarecentstudyfromtheUK.Inthestudy,everyyearoverthelastsevenyears,over20,000students_42_wereintheirfinalyearinhighschoolweresurveyed.Asforuniversitycourses,_43_numberofgirlsconsideringchoosingSTEMsubjectshasa_44_(big)increasethanthatofboys.Overone-fifthofthegirlssurveyedsaidtheywereconsideringjobs_45_(relate)toSTEM,suchasengineers.Andtheinterestinengineeringandsciencehasalsorisen.ThisisanimportantchangeforwomenintheUK.Butatpresent,therearenotnearlyasmanywomen_46_menstudyingSTEMsubjectsorworkingintheSTEMfields.Only13%~22%ofpeoplewhograduate_47_universitywithSTEMdegreesarewomen.AndwomenareseenonlyoneineightSTEMjobs.AremenreallymoresuitedtoSTEMworkthanwomen?Ofcoursenot.Thisis_48_(part)becauseoftheconventionalidea,whichmeansmanypeoplethinkso,eventhoughitisnotcorrect.“Itisimportantthatyoungwomenshould_49_(encourage)togetintothesejobs.Infact,STEMsubjectsarefunandexciting.Studyingsciencecando_50_(we)good.Itofferswomenchancesoftakingupfantasticcareersandtheywillgethigherpayintheseareas,“saidNikiYates,managerofGSK'sbusiness.［參考答案］.【答案】subjects.【答案】who/that.【答案】the.【答案】bigger.【答案】related.【答案】as.【答案】from.【答案】partly.【答案】beencouraged.【答案】us［答案解析］.【答案】subjects【解析】考查名詞。句意：你們班女生和男生誰(shuí)更擅長(zhǎng)理科？根據(jù)英國(guó)最近的一項(xiàng)研究，近年來(lái)，女孩開始對(duì)科學(xué)、技術(shù)、工程和數(shù)學(xué)等學(xué)科表現(xiàn)出更大的興趣。根據(jù)下文science,technology,engineeringandMaths可知是復(fù)數(shù)意義，用名詞復(fù)數(shù)，所以填subjects。.【答案】who/that【解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。wereintheirfinalyearinhighschool是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，20,000students是先行詞，關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)，指人，所以填who/that。.【答案】the【解析】考查冠詞。句意：在大學(xué)課程方面，考慮選擇STEM專業(yè)的女生人數(shù)比男生人數(shù)增加得更多。thenumberof固定短語(yǔ)，” 的數(shù)目"，所以填the。.【答案】bigger【解析】考查形容詞。句意：在大學(xué)課程方面，考慮選擇STEM專業(yè)的女生人數(shù)比男生人數(shù)增加得更多。根據(jù)thanthatofboys可知這里用比較級(jí)，所以填bigger。.【答案】related【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：超過(guò)五分之一的受訪女孩表示，她們正在考慮從事與STEM相關(guān)的工作，比如工程師?！肮ぷ鳌焙汀芭c……有關(guān)”是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)，所以填related。.【答案】as【解析】考查連詞。句意：但目前，學(xué)習(xí)STEM學(xué)科或在STEM領(lǐng)域工作的女性遠(yuǎn)沒(méi)有男性多。asmany…as固定短語(yǔ)，“和.?…一樣多"，故填as。.【答案】from【解析】考查介詞