2023年教師資格之中學(xué)英語學(xué)科知識與教學(xué)能力綜合練習(xí)試卷A卷附答案單選題（共80題）1、請閱讀短文A.HowPeopleinDifferentCulturesExpressThemselvesB.WhytheEyesAreSoImportantWhenTalkingC.EasternersandWesternersReadFacesDifferentlyD.CommunicationGetsLostinTranslation【答案】A2、Youmustfacetherealityandknowtheenvironment__________.A.thatyougetB.whereyouhaveC.whenyoustayD.youarein【答案】D3、Duringthecomingsummervacation,I′mgoingtospendhalfofmytimeplayingbasketballand_________halfreadingbooksinthelibrary.A.anotherB.theotherC.othersD.other【答案】B4、Inordernottobecheated,Internetusersshouldbearitinmindtosurfa__________website.A.briefB.legalC.thoroughD.straight【答案】B5、_____answerssuchquestionsashowweasinfantsacquireourfirstlanguage.A.PsycholinguisticsB.AnthropologicallinguisticsC.SociolinguisticsD.Appliedlinguistics【答案】A6、請閱讀短文，完成此題。A.Differentthingscan'tcommunicatewitheachotherB.TheyaretooexpensiveandwithoututilityC.Thesafetyofthemcan'tbeensuredD.Theymaythreatenpeople'sprivacy【答案】B7、WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTawayofpresentingnewvocabulary?A.DefiningB.UsingrealobjectsC.WritingapassagebyusingnewwordsD.Givingexplanations【答案】C8、Thelanguageusedtodescribethelanguageitselfiscalled__________.A.paralanguageB.speciallanguageC.metalanguageD.interlanguage【答案】C9、Whichofthefollowingdescribesthelanguageofanindividualspeakerwithitsuniquecharacteristics?A.IdiolectB.TabooC.RegionaldialectD.Socialdialect【答案】A10、lnasequenceoftworelatedutterancesbytwospeakers,thesecondutteranceisalwaysaresponsetothefirst.ThisisknownasA.pairworkB.pairpracticeC.adjacencypairsD.minimalpairs【答案】B11、請閱讀短文A.HowPeopleinDifferentCulturesExpressThemselvesB.WhytheEyesAreSoImportantWhenTalkingC.EasternersandWesternersReadFacesDifferentlyD.CommunicationGetsLostinTranslation【答案】A12、Whichofthefollowingdoesnotbelongtothepost-listeningactivities?A.Multiple-choicequestionsB.AnsweringquestionsC.DietoglossD.Listenandtick【答案】D13、Whentheteachergivesfeedbacktostudentsinteachingwriting,he/sheshouldNOT__________.A.makepositivecommentsonthegoodfeaturesofthewritingB.givewordssimplylike"good"or"verygood"tothewritingC.pointoutareasforimprovementD.expresshis/herpersonalopinionontheissuethewriterhasdiscussed【答案】B14、There_________nothingmorefordiscussion,theconferencecametoanend20minutesear-lier.A.beB.tobeC.beingD.tohavebeen【答案】C15、You'dbettermakeamark__________youhaveanyquestionswhileyouarereadingthepassage.A.atwhichB.inwhereC.intheplaceD.where【答案】D16、Whichofthefollowingexercisesisintendedtopracticethecommunicativeuseof"Doyouhave….?"and"Ihave....."'A.ChangingonesentencepatterntotheotherB.ApplyingthosesentencepatternsinaconversationC.ListeningtothetapeandwritingdownthesentencesD.Substitutingtheobjectsinthesentenceswiththewordsgiven【答案】B17、Theoldladyhasdevelopeda__________coughwhichcannotbecuredcompletelyinashorttime.A.perpetualB.permanentC.chronicD.sustained【答案】C18、Becauseofthestrongsunthenewdrawing-roomcurtainshave（）fromdarkbluetogrey.A.fadeB.paledC.faintedD.blurred【答案】A19、Don′tdefendhimanymore.It′sobviousthathe__________destroyedthefenceofthegardenevenwithoutanapology.A.accidentallyB.carelesslyC.deliberatelyD.automatically【答案】C20、Ifit__________possible,Iwouldhavehelpedhim,butIwastoobusy.A.isB.wasC.wereD.hadbeen【答案】D21、Passage2A.voicesforworkingwomenB.appealstopassionateworkaholicsC.triggersdebatesamongmommiesD.praisesmotivatedemployees【答案】A22、Ofthefollowingsoundcombinations,onlyispermissibleaccordingtotheA./kibl/B./bkil/C./ilkb/D./ilbk/【答案】A23、Passage2A.TheyareinitiatedtodealwithteachershortagesandeducationinequitiesB.TheyaimedtoraisethestandardsofteachereducationprogramsC.TheycompetewiththeuniversityteachereducationprogramsD.Theycanreplacetheuniversityteachereducationprograms【答案】A24、Itwas10o'clock__________Jillarrivedattheoffice,whichmadethebossannoyed.A.whenB.thatC.whichD.then【答案】A25、Hisexperienceabroadprovidesawider__________ontheproblem.A.privilegeB.perspectiveC.participationD.priority【答案】B26、Iwouldhavetoldhimtheanswer,butI()sobusythen.A.hadbeenB.wereC.wasD.wouldbe【答案】C27、Theactivityof__________maymaximizethepossibilityofelicitingideas,wordsorconceptsfromstudentswhenitisfocusedonagiventopic.A.retellingB.assessingoutputC.brainstormingD.checkingcomprehension【答案】C28、WhichofthefollowingEnglishphonemeshasmorethanoneallophonebasedonitspositioninaword?A./wiB.lj/C./miD./Ⅳ【答案】D29、Nowadays,therearemanyteenagersaddictedtotheInteract,__________wastealotoftimeonit.A.whoB.whichC.asD.that【答案】A30、WhichofthefollowingisNOTacompoundword?A.landladyB.greenhouseC.upliftD.unacceptable【答案】D31、Hemadeapromise__________heearnedmoney,hewouldbuildanewschooltohelpdevelopeducation.A.whatB.thatC.thatifD.whatif【答案】C32、Thebestgroupingofteachingwhenthestudentsaregiventhetasktodesignaposterforaschooleventis__________.A.pair-workB.groupworkC.one-to-oneD.individual【答案】B33、請閱讀短文，完成第小題。A.BoththeteachersandstudentstherearedepressedB.TheschoolwonabigawardfromtheSundayTimesC.TheschooldidextremelywellinmotivatingitsstudentsD.Thestudentstherehadpoorqualificationsandlowself-esteem【答案】C34、__________isthemainrhymingpatternin"Mrs．White/Hadaflight/Inthemiddleofthenight"．A.AssonanceB.EndrhymeC.AlliterationD.Reverseendrhyme【答案】B35、ThephenomenonofmaybethefactortocausethefewestchangesintheEnglishlanguageinrecentyears.A.movingtowardgreaterinformalityB.theinfluenceofAmericanEnglishC.theinfluenceofscienceandtechnologyD.theconflictsbetweenoramongnations【答案】D36、（）thesamemistakesintheannualfinancialreportagainmadehisbossveryangry.A.HishavingmadeB.HehavingmadeC.HehadmadeD.Hehasmade【答案】A37、Whatteachingmethodisusedbytheteacherifmuchofhis/herclasstimeisspentondrillingsentencepatternsfollowedbyexerciseslikerepetition,memorization,mimicry,etc?A.TheNaturalApproachB.TheCommunicativeApproachC.TheAudio-lingualMethoD.TheGrammar-translationMethod【答案】C38、Whatrhetoricaldeviceisusedinthesentence:Thedutiesofasoldieraretoprotecthiscountryandpeelpotatoes.A.AnticlimaxB.PunC.MetaphorD.Transferredepithet【答案】A39、請閱讀短文，完成第小題。A.BoththeteachersandstudentstherearedepressedB.TheschoolwonabigawardfromtheSundayTimesC.TheschooldidextremelywellinmotivatingitsstudentsD.Thestudentstherehadpoorqualificationsandlowself-esteem【答案】C40、請閱讀Passage2，完成第小題。A.ThesixthTransformermaylastfor3hoursB.Thegovernmentinthemoviewantstosetupaman-madearmyofTransformersC.Inthemovie,KSICorporationstandsbythegovernmentD.JoshuaJoycehasreportedthenewsaboutAutobotherotothegovernment【答案】D41、Muchofthepowerofthetradeunionshasbeenlost．__________,theirpoliticalinfluenceshouldbeverygreat．A.AsaresultB.AsusualC.EvensoD.Sofar【答案】C42、Everyonemusthavelikedthecakebecausetherewasn'tevena__________left.A.crutchB.chipC.chopD.clip【答案】B43、Passage1A.ToxoplasmagondiicausespeoplestrangeanddeadlydiseasesB.WithcertaininfectiontheinfectiousdiseasecannotbecuredcompletelyC.HumanbeingsinfectedbytoxoplasmagondiiwillhavepermanentbraindamageD.Toxoplasmagondiiisharmfultohumanbeings,butitdoesnoharmtomice【答案】B44、Whichofthefollowingreferstothestudyofmeaninginabstraction?A.PhoneticsB.PragmaticsC.SemanticsD.Sociolinguistics【答案】C45、ItisnoteasytolearnEnglishwell,butifyou__________,youwillsucceedintheend.A.hangaboutB.hangonC.hangupD.hangonto【答案】B46、請閱讀Passagel，完成第小題。A.ClearB.SafeC.StraightD.Difficult【答案】A47、WhichofthefollowingbelongstolearningoutcomesA.role-playsB.sequencingpicturesC.surveysD.worksheets【答案】C48、Bettyadvisedmetolabelourluggagecarefullyincaseitgets__________intransit.A.misusedB.mishandledC.mistakenD.mislaid【答案】D49、Theteacherdividedthestudentsintosmallgroups_________ability.A.intermsofB.regardlessofC.duetoD.accordingto【答案】D50、請閱讀短文，完成第小題。A.HehasbenefitedfromtheAmericaneducationB.HehasbeenharmedbytheAmericaneducationC.HehasnotlaidasolidfoundationforhisacademiccareerD.Hehasselectedcoursesthatdonotsupporthisoverallacademicformation【答案】A51、Whatdoeshe/sheintendtodowhenateacherwritesthefollowingsentences“Shegetsupearly．Shewearsauniform．Sheworksveryhard．”ontheblackboardatthepresentationstage?A.PracticesentencepatternsusingmodelsentencesB.CheckifstudentscanpronouncethesentencesC.MonitorwhetherstudentscanaccuratelyexpresstheirideasD.Drawstudents’attentiontotheformofanewlanguageitem【答案】D52、Ifthefocusisplacedon______,studentsaresupposedtogothroughthestagesofdrafting,receivingfeedback,andrevisingbeforesubmittingthefinalversionoftheirwriting.A.productB.processC.genreD.format【答案】B53、ThestudyoflanguagedevelopmentoveraperiodoftimeisgenerallycalledA.appliedB.synchronicC.comparativeD.diaehronic【答案】D54、Passage1A.BendingthestiffwireB.HoldingpapersinplaceC.TheideaofmakingapaperclipD.Theprocessofmakingapaperclip【答案】D55、請閱讀Passage2，完成第小題。A.Thegirlcan'tunderstandthemovieshewasseeingB.ThegirlfeltscaredaboutthemovieshewasseeingC.ThemoviethegirlseeingwasverythrillingD.Thegirlcouldn'tfindherfather【答案】C56、Passage2A.GeneticallymodifiedseedsshouldbebannedB.BrazilgovernmentshouldcrackdownonthesmugglingofgeneticallymodifiedseedsC.ThefearovertheuseofgeneticallymodifiedseedsisuncalledforD.Consumersshouldfilemorelawsuitstoprotecttheirrights【答案】C57、Catshavethewidesthearingrangeofnearlyanymammal”notonlycantheyperceivesoundinwhatwedefineasthe“ultrasonic”range,theycanalsoappreciateallthebassDrDrecanthrowatthem.Theycanswiveltheirwhiskersforwardswhilehuntingtoprovideakindofshort-rangeradar.Andtheycanseeexceptionallywellinthedarkthankstoareflectivesurfacebehindtheretinathatbounceslightback,givingitasecondchancetohitaphotoreceptor.Theyseemoredistinctimagespersecondthanwedo.A.ReproducingmoreoffspringB.Destroyingsongbirds’habitatC.Killingthecountry’ssongbirdsD.Beingsuspiciousofhumanbeings【答案】B58、WhatrhetoricaldeviceisusedinthesentenceHeisanall__________purposebasket?A.PunB.SimileC.MetaphorD.Transferredepithet【答案】C59、請閱讀Passagel。完成第小題。A.Teacherswillabandonmaterialsrelatedtoracism,sexism,violence,etcB.Teacherswillignorestudents'requestsfora"safespace"indesigningtheirsyllabiC.TeacherswillgivestudentsadvancenoticeofthecontentthatislikelytodistressoroffendthemD.Teacherswillallowstudentstoexpressdifferentanduncomfortableideastoenlargetheirexperience【答案】C60、Inthecinema,therewasanoldman__________besideme.A.atB.sitC.sittingD.tosit【答案】C61、BernardBailynhasrecentlyreinterpretedtheearlyhistoryoftheUnitedStatesbyapplyingnewsocialresearchfindingsontheexperiencesofEuropeanmigrants．Inhisreinterpretation，migrationbecomestheorganizingprincipleforrewritingthehistoryofpreindustrialNorthAmerica．Hisapproachrestsonfourseparatepropositions．A.ItistotallyimplausibleB.ItispartiallyacceptableC.ItishighlyadmirableD.Itiscontroversialthoughpersuasive【答案】B62、Passage2A.humorousB.theoreticalC.exaggerativeD.philosophical【答案】B63、Passage1A.ThesixthTransformermaylastfor3hoursB.Thegovernmentinthemoviewantstosetupaman-madearmyofTransformersC.Inthemovie,KSICorporationstandsbythegovernmentD.JoshuaJoycehasreportedthenewsaboutAutobotherotothegovernment【答案】D64、Theconsonant[f]inEnglishcanbecorrectlydescribedashavingthefollowingphoneticfeatures:__________.A.voiceless,bilabial,stopB.voiceless,labiodental,fricativeC.voiced,bilabial,stopD.voiced,labiodental,fricative【答案】B65、Whatrhetoricaldeviceisusedintheunderlinedpartofthesentence:Theroomsatsilent.A.PunB.SimileC.MetonymyD.Transferredepithet【答案】C66、Decideonthecorrectstresspatternoftheanswertothequestion:Wheredidyouseehim?A.WesawhimplayingbytheriverB.WesawhimplayingbytheriverC.WesawhimplayingbytheriverD.Wesawhimplayingbytheriver【答案】D67、Thephrase"I′dliketo"involves__________phenomenon.A.progressiveassimilationB.liaisonC.regressiveassimilationD.plosive【答案】D68、Whichoffollowingrefersto“thepartofinputthathasbeeninternalizedbylearners”?A.feedbackB.outputC.intakeD.washback【答案】C69、__________hedoesgetannoyedwithhersometimes.A.AshelikeshermuchB.AlthoughmuchhelikesherC.MuchashelikesherD.Muchalthoughhelikesher【答案】C70、Theyaregoodfriends.__________isnowonderthattheyknoweachothersowell．A.ThisB.ThatC.ThereD.It【答案】D71、Whenwetalkabouttheelementoftheteachingaims“ABCD”,whatdoesthe“C”referto?A.contentB.capacityC.conditionD.competence【答案】C72、Someteachersteachreadingbyintroducingnewvocabularyandstructurefirstandthengoingoverthetextsentencebysentenceandparagraphbyparagraphwiththestudents．Thiswayisknownas__________．A.top-downmodelB.bottom-upmodelC.interactivemodelD.integrativemodel【答案】B73、Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“plummeted”inParagraph3?A.PunishedtimelyB.SpreadwidelyC.ContinuedgraduallyD.Droppedsharply【答案】D74、WhichofthefollowingisaSuprasegmentalfeature？A.deletionB.voicedC.stressD.stop【答案】C75、Compoundwordsconsistof__________morphemes．A.boundB.freeC.bothboundandfreeD.derivational【答案】B76、ZhangJun'steachersuggeststhathetakea(n)__________languagecoursetoimprovehisEnglish.A.intermediateB.middleC.mediumD.average【答案】A77、Whichofthefollowingwritingactivitiesreflectprocess-orientation?A.AskingthestudentstowriteanessayparalleltothetexttheyhavelearnedB.Askingthestudentstopeer-edittheirfirstdraftC.AskingthestudentstocompleteapassagewithtransitionsD.Askingstudentstolayagreatfocusonthegrammarstructureandwordspelling【答案】B78、請閱讀短文。A.poorsleepinghabitB.lazinessC.lackofsleepD.inabilitytoformgoodstudyhabits【答案】D79、Theword"offend"originallymeant"tostrikeagainst",butnowthewordsignifies"tocreateorexciteanger".Thisisanexampleof__________.A.meaningshiftB.wideningofmeaningC.narrowingofmeaningD.lossofmeaning【答案】B80、OnlywhentheCIADirectorDavidwasforcedtoresignthatit'shardtokeepoure-mailsecret.A.werealizedB.realizedweC.didwerealizeD.wedidrealize【答案】C大題（共15題）一、根據(jù)提供的信息和語言素材設(shè)計教學(xué)方案。用英文作答。設(shè)計任務(wù)：閱讀下面學(xué)生信息和語言素材，設(shè)計一節(jié)英語聽說課教學(xué)方案。該方案沒有固定格式，但須包含下列要點：?teachingobjectivesteachingcontentskeyanddifficultpointsmajorstepsandtimeallocationactivitiesandjustifications教學(xué)時間：45分鐘?學(xué)生概況：某城鎮(zhèn)普通中學(xué)八年級(初中二年級)學(xué)生，班級人數(shù)40人。多數(shù)學(xué)生已達(dá)到?義務(wù)教育英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(2011年版)》三級水平。學(xué)生課堂參與積極性一般。語言素材：?Grace:Whatdidyoudoinclasstoday,Sarah?Sarah:WehadadiscussionaboutTVshows.Myclassmateslikegameshowsandsportsshows.【答案】【參考設(shè)計】TeachingContents:AdialogueaboutdifferentpreferencesforTVshows.TeachingObjectives:(1)KnowledgeobjectiveStudentscanlearnsomenewwordsaboutTVshowsandknowhowtoexpressone'spreference.(2)AbilityobjectiveStudents'abilityoflisteningandspeakingwillbewelldeveloped.(3)EmotionalobjectiveStudentscanbreoadentheirhorizonofTVshowsbytalkingwitheachotherandgivingsomereasonstoexplaintheirinterestanddeveloptheirinterestinEnglishlearning.TeachingKeyPoint:MastersomewordsandphrasesaboutTVshowssuchassoapopera,gameshows,sportsshows,newsandtalkshows.TeachingDifficultPoint:Howtocommunicatewithotherscorrectlyandfreely,andhowtogetthekeyinformationafterlistening.TeachingProcedures:二、根據(jù)提供的信息和語言素材設(shè)計教學(xué)方案，用英文作答。設(shè)計任務(wù)：請閱讀下面學(xué)生信息和語言素材．設(shè)計20分鐘的英語寫作教學(xué)方案。該方案沒有固定格式，但須包含下列要點：·teachingobjectives？·teachingcontents？·keyanddifficultpoints？·majorstepsandtimeallocation？·activitiesandjustifications？教學(xué)時間：20分鐘？學(xué)生概況：某城鎮(zhèn)普通中學(xué)初中二年級（八年級）學(xué)生，班級人數(shù)40人，多數(shù)學(xué)生已經(jīng)達(dá)到《義務(wù)教育英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（2011年版）》三級水平。學(xué)生課堂參與積極性一般。語言素材：3aReadthethreenotes.Matcheachnotewiththecorrectsituation.？_______Thank-younoteforagirl.？【答案】TeachingContents:Thematerialisaboutwritingathank-younote.TeachingObjectives:(1)KnowledgeobjectiveStudentscanbemorefamiliarwiththetopicof"thanks"andknowhowtoexpresstheirthankstoothers.(2)AbilityobjectiveStudentscanwriteathank-younotelogicallyanduseittoexpresstheirthanks.O)EmotionalobjectiveStudentscanhavetheawarenessofexpressingtheirthanksafterothers'help.TeachingKeyandDifficultPoints:Studentscanmasterthemethodsandproceduresofwritingathank-younote.MajorSteps:Step1Pre.writing(7minutes)Atthissteptheteacherwillaskstudentstodothreeactivities.Activity1:SamplereadingStudentswillbeaskedtoread3a,andmatcheachnotewiththecorrectsituationbythemselves.三、根據(jù)題目要求完成下列任務(wù)，用中文作答。下面是某教師的課堂教學(xué)片段。T:Whatdidyourmumdoyesterday,WangLin?S:Mymumbuyedthedressforme.T:Oh,thatisnice.Yourmumboughtitforyou,didshe?S:Yes.T:Wheredidshebuyit?S:Shebuyeditintown.T:Oh,sheboughtitintownforyou.Well,itisverynice.請根據(jù)所給材料回答下列三個問題。(1)學(xué)生在對話中的語言錯誤是什么?(4分)(2)該教師采用什么方式來糾正學(xué)生的錯誤?效果如何?(8分)(3)教師還可以采用哪些方式糾錯?請舉例說明。(18分)【答案】(1)該學(xué)生犯了口語語法錯誤，用錯了動詞過去式的形式。即Mymumbuyedthedressforme．buyed---，bought，Shebuyeditintown．buyed--*bought。(2)該教師采用了重述法(Recasts)來糾正學(xué)生的錯誤。教師對學(xué)生語言表達(dá)中的錯誤進(jìn)行了含蓄糾正，即先進(jìn)行部分肯定之后用正確的語言重述學(xué)生的表達(dá)，不指出錯誤，而通過不同的語氣(如反問)、語調(diào)、眼神、動作等，讓學(xué)生自己意識到自己的錯誤。此糾錯技巧對于糾正學(xué)生口語中的語法錯誤比較有效。(3)①直接糾錯法(ExplicitCorrection)當(dāng)學(xué)生出現(xiàn)語言錯誤時，教師打斷語言訓(xùn)練或?qū)嵺`活動。對其錯誤予以正面糾正(說出正確的語言形式，并讓學(xué)生改正)。這種糾錯方式常用于旨在讓學(xué)生掌握正確的語言形式而進(jìn)行的機(jī)械操練或側(cè)重語言精確輸出的各種練習(xí)中。教師可用以下課堂用語：Youshouldsay…／No．youshouldn’tsaythat…／Readalterme．／Payattentionto…／Oh．youmean…／Wedon’tsay…inEnglish，wesay…等，例如：T：WhatdidyoudolastnightS：lgotoseeamoviewithmyparents．T:Oh,Youshouldsay"Iwenttoseeamoviewithmyparents".S:Oh,sorry.Iwenttoseeamoviewithmyparents.②強(qiáng)調(diào)暗示法(Pinpointing)教師重復(fù)學(xué)生的話．有意重讀并拖長出錯部分的發(fā)音或用升調(diào)以表示特別強(qiáng)調(diào)。這種方法常用于學(xué)生的自我糾錯。這樣既能糾正學(xué)生的口語錯誤，保證學(xué)生順利進(jìn)行口頭敘述，又能顧及學(xué)生的自尊心，促進(jìn)他們參與口語活動的積極性。例如：T:WheredidyougoonvacationthissummerS:IgotoHongKongformyvacation.T:YougotoHongKong四、根據(jù)題目要求完成下列任務(wù)，用中文作答。反饋是教學(xué)中的重要環(huán)節(jié)之一。簡述外語教學(xué)中反饋的兩種主要類型，列舉教師了解學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)情況的三種途徑，以便及時給予反饋?！敬鸢浮?1)教學(xué)反饋的類型：口頭反饋與書面反饋?？陬^反饋指對學(xué)生的口頭活動、某些書面作業(yè)或者測試提供的信息?？陬^反饋的方法有①教師直接改錯。②啟發(fā)學(xué)生自己改錯。教師不應(yīng)該像監(jiān)控器一樣監(jiān)控學(xué)生的語言輸出。③啟發(fā)學(xué)生互相改錯?；ハ喔腻e可以提高學(xué)生對錯誤的敏感性．逐漸減少學(xué)生對教師的依賴。書面反饋一般用于課后對學(xué)生作業(yè)或者測試提供的書面評價符號或者是評語。而課堂上的書面反饋主要是指教師或者其指定的學(xué)生用書面的方式對學(xué)生的語言活動所做的評價性記錄。例如計分法、畫“正字”法、插紅旗或送紅花法，都可以確認(rèn)學(xué)生表達(dá)內(nèi)容是正確的，同時還可以顯示競賽中的不同小組的成績差異。(2)了解學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)情況的三種途徑：①課堂提問：課堂提問可以引起學(xué)生注意，提示學(xué)習(xí)重點，鞏固課堂教學(xué)，獲取教學(xué)反饋，加強(qiáng)師生交流。②測試：測試包括口試和筆試?？谠嚥粌H要考查學(xué)生的語音、語調(diào)、表達(dá)的流利程度、表達(dá)的可理解度、用詞恰當(dāng)?shù)缺磉_(dá)能力，還要考查學(xué)生的聽力理解能力，當(dāng)然還要對學(xué)生所使用的交際策略、所具有的跨文化意識、表達(dá)中的行為等進(jìn)行綜合評價。筆試包括聽力、閱讀理解、書面表達(dá)和語言知識考查等，可以檢驗學(xué)生的基本英語水平。③調(diào)查表：主要用于在學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)某一單元、某一課之前所進(jìn)行的簡短調(diào)查。通過對學(xué)生的調(diào)查，一方面可以了解學(xué)生已有的水平和存在的問題。另一方面可以幫助教師及時調(diào)整教學(xué)進(jìn)度和教學(xué)策略。五、根據(jù)題目要求完成下列任務(wù)。用中文作答。課后作業(yè)布置體現(xiàn)“差異性原則”。簡述你對“差異性原則”的理解，并從作業(yè)類型、作業(yè)難度和作業(yè)量三個方面舉例說明如何布置作業(yè)?！敬鸢浮?1)課后作業(yè)的差異性原則是指作業(yè)要分層次。課堂教學(xué)要遵循因材施教的原則，作業(yè)布置也一樣，需要考慮學(xué)生的個性差異，重視學(xué)生的個性發(fā)展。作業(yè)內(nèi)容要適應(yīng)不同層次學(xué)生的不同的心理特征。要利用每個學(xué)生在興趣、動機(jī)、意志、能力、思維品質(zhì)等方面的優(yōu)勢，促進(jìn)其知識的鞏固與增長。對學(xué)習(xí)程度不同的學(xué)生要有不同的要求．不能搞“一刀切”。要讓優(yōu)等生吃得飽，也要讓學(xué)困生不感到太難。要讓每個學(xué)生都有成就感，都感到自己在進(jìn)步。使他們都能有收獲，都能享受到成功的快樂。比如當(dāng)完成一個單元的教學(xué)內(nèi)容后，給優(yōu)等生布置綜合性的作業(yè)，包括寫作、翻譯、復(fù)述課文等；給學(xué)困生布置容易一點的作業(yè)，如單詞記憶、補(bǔ)充句子、背誦課文等。(2)布置作業(yè)時應(yīng)注意以下三個方面：①類型多樣。作業(yè)按其形式可分為聽力作業(yè)、口語作業(yè)與書面作業(yè)；按其內(nèi)容可分為課時作業(yè)、課本劇表演作業(yè)、問卷調(diào)查作業(yè)、采訪型作業(yè)、辯論型作業(yè)、實踐操作型作業(yè)等。按照英語學(xué)習(xí)規(guī)律，學(xué)生必須吸收相當(dāng)數(shù)量的語言材料，并經(jīng)過一定的語言實踐，才能獲得運用英語交際的能力，因此聽力、口語作業(yè)是英語學(xué)科必要的練習(xí)形式。設(shè)計多元化的口頭作業(yè)，如朗讀、閱讀、背誦、復(fù)述、答問等，有助于打好語音基礎(chǔ)，提高學(xué)習(xí)興趣，調(diào)動學(xué)生積極性。在英語教學(xué)中聽說讀寫是相輔相成、互相促進(jìn)的。因此，設(shè)計作業(yè)要全面，既有筆頭作業(yè)，也要有口頭和聽力作業(yè)，這樣學(xué)生才能在作業(yè)中提高綜合語言運用能力。②難易適中。作業(yè)過難，基礎(chǔ)差的學(xué)生干脆不寫，或者抄襲別人的作業(yè)；作業(yè)過于簡單，基礎(chǔ)好的同學(xué)會感覺毫無挑戰(zhàn)。因此，教師設(shè)計作業(yè)要充分考慮到學(xué)生的個體差異，把握好作業(yè)的難度設(shè)置。作業(yè)布置可分為三個檔次：基礎(chǔ)作業(yè)、提高作業(yè)和拔尖作業(yè)。后進(jìn)生做基礎(chǔ)作業(yè)，可選做提高作業(yè)；中等生做基礎(chǔ)作業(yè)和提高作業(yè)．可選做拔尖作業(yè)：優(yōu)等生三類作業(yè)都要做。這樣，優(yōu)等生不會因為“吃不飽”而輕視作業(yè)，他們會在原有的基礎(chǔ)上更進(jìn)一步；中等生會有“跳一跳，夠得著”的進(jìn)取精神；后進(jìn)生通過做一些相對較容易的作業(yè)，獲取成功的喜悅和自信，并產(chǎn)生“有投入就有收獲”的感覺，從而重視課堂聽講和作業(yè)完成，真正地投入學(xué)習(xí)，形成良性循環(huán)，逐步提高成績。③作業(yè)量適中。作業(yè)太少，達(dá)不到目的；作業(yè)太多，會使學(xué)生望而生畏，甚至?xí)p害學(xué)習(xí)英語的積極性。教師應(yīng)指導(dǎo)學(xué)生在有限的時間內(nèi)，主要進(jìn)行學(xué)習(xí)方法的探索和知識的系統(tǒng)歸類。因此，教師應(yīng)把握好作業(yè)的量。六、下面是某教師的課堂教學(xué)片段：T:Whatdidyourmumdoyesterday,WangLinS:Mymumbuyedthedressforme.T:Oh,thatisnice.Yourmumboughtitforyou,didsheS:Yes.T:WheredidshebuyitS:Shebuyeditintown.T:Oh,sheboughtitintownforyou.Well,itisverynice.請根據(jù)所給材料回答下列三個問題。(1)學(xué)生在對話中的語言錯誤是什么(2)該教師采用什么方式來糾正學(xué)生的錯誤效果如何(3)教師還可以采用哪些方式糾錯請舉例說明。【答案】(1)該學(xué)生犯了13語語法錯誤，用錯了動詞過去式的形式。即Mymumbuyedthedressforme.buyed→bought，Shebuyeditintown.buyed→bought。(2)該教師采用了重述法(Recasts)來糾正學(xué)生的錯誤。教師對學(xué)生語言表達(dá)中的錯誤進(jìn)行了含蓄糾正。即先進(jìn)行部分肯定之后用正確的語言重述學(xué)生的表達(dá)，不指出錯誤，而通過不同的語氣(如反問)、語調(diào)、眼神、動作等，讓學(xué)生自己意識到自己的錯誤。此糾錯技巧對于糾正學(xué)生口語中的語法錯誤比較有效。(3)①直接糾錯法(ExplicitCorrection)當(dāng)學(xué)生出現(xiàn)語言錯誤時，教師打斷語言訓(xùn)練或?qū)嵺`活動，對其錯誤予以正面糾正(說出正確的語言形式。并讓學(xué)生改正)。這種糾錯方式常用于旨在讓學(xué)生掌握正確的語言形式而進(jìn)行的機(jī)械操練或側(cè)重語言精確輸出的各種練習(xí)中。教師可用以下課堂用語：Youshouldsay…/No，youshouldn’tsaythat…/Readafterme./Payattentionto…/Oh，youmean…，Wedon’tsay…inEnglish，wesay…等，例如：T：WhatdidyoudolastnightS：Igotoseeamoviewithmyparents.T：Oh.Youshouldsay“Iwenttoseeamoviewithmyparents”.S：Oh.sorry.1wenttoseeamoviewithmyparents.②強(qiáng)調(diào)糾錯法(Pinpointing)教師重復(fù)學(xué)生的話.有意重讀并拖長出錯部分的發(fā)音或用升調(diào)以表示特別強(qiáng)調(diào)。這種方法常用于學(xué)生的自我糾錯。這樣既能糾正學(xué)生的口語錯誤，保證學(xué)生順利進(jìn)行口頭敘述，又能顧及學(xué)生的自尊心，促進(jìn)他們參與口語活動的積極性。例如：T：WheredidyougoonvacationthissummerS：IgotoHongKongformyvacation.T：YougotoHongKongS：Oh.1wenttoHongKongformyvacation.七、以下片段選自某節(jié)英語課堂教學(xué)實錄，閱讀并回答問題。T:...Youallhavefinishedthewritingabouthowtoprotectourenvironment,rightOk,now,it′stimetocheckintermsofthegrammar,punctuationpointandspelling.S:(checkingtime)T:Ok,now,whowouldliketoshareyourpapersAnna:...Weshouldn′tthrowrubbisheverywhere...T:Yourideasarealittleshallow,andtheorganizationisalittledisordered.根據(jù)上面的教學(xué)片段回答下面三個問題：(1)該片段呈現(xiàn)的是英語教學(xué)的什么課型它屬于該課型的哪個階段(2)這節(jié)課的教學(xué)重難點是什么(3)分析該教師在這一階段存在的主要問題，并提出相應(yīng)的改進(jìn)建議?！敬鸢浮?1)該片段呈現(xiàn)的是英語寫作課．它屬于寫后階段。(2)該節(jié)課的重點是通過閱讀材料和互相討論，掌握關(guān)鍵信息，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的寫作能力；難點是學(xué)生借助關(guān)鍵信息進(jìn)行語言組織．完成寫作．培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的語言組織能力和邏輯思考能力。(3)存在的問題及改進(jìn)建議：①教師在學(xué)生完成初稿寫作后．應(yīng)組織和指導(dǎo)學(xué)生進(jìn)行自我修改以及同伴間的相互修改，修改內(nèi)容除了包括語法、標(biāo)點、拼寫外，還包括選詞、內(nèi)容、結(jié)構(gòu)等各個方面?；ジ脑趯懞蟓h(huán)節(jié)中十分重要，因為它符合新課程所提倡的合作、交流和探究的學(xué)習(xí)方式。然后教師面向全體學(xué)生就典型的遣詞造句錯誤、文章結(jié)構(gòu)、思想內(nèi)容等進(jìn)行點評．再由學(xué)生本人在聽取他們意見的基礎(chǔ)上對初稿進(jìn)行修訂。②在寫后階段教師要給予適當(dāng)評價和改進(jìn)意見。給予恰如其分的反饋。對寫作不錯的同學(xué)．要給予鼓勵表揚．對寫作欠缺者．要及時引導(dǎo)．給予建設(shè)性意見。在Anna的作文不夠令人滿意的時候，教師的評價基本是予以否定。這樣會打擊學(xué)生的自信心和學(xué)習(xí)的積極性，不符合教師評價的原則，教師在教學(xué)過程中應(yīng)堅持激勵性原則，當(dāng)學(xué)生的回答不得體時，教師應(yīng)該采用鼓勵、期待的語言來評價，如“Nexttime，pleasepayattentiontoorganizationandtrytoexploremoreidea．”。八、根據(jù)題目要求完成下列任務(wù)，用中文作答。根據(jù)以下所給語言素材和教學(xué)目標(biāo)，完成下面問題。【語言素材】A:Whatwouldyoulikeforlunch?B:I'dlikesomegreenbeans,please.A:Sure.B:Thankyou.A:Whatwouldyoulikeforlunch?C:I'dlikesomeeggplant,please.A:Sorry,noeggplant.Knowledgeobjectives:Studentscouldasksomeoneandexpressownloveforfood,suchas"Whatwouldyoulike?I'dlike...Ilike..."Abilityobjectives:Trainstudents'speakingabilitythroughdialoguepractice.Emotionalobjectives:Developstudents'goodeatinghabits.【答案】(1)教學(xué)是一種有明確目的的活動，這種目的性滲透到課堂教學(xué)之中，便由每堂課的教學(xué)目標(biāo)來體現(xiàn)。教學(xué)目標(biāo)對于指導(dǎo)課堂教學(xué)實施具有非常重要的作用。制定教學(xué)目標(biāo)是課堂教學(xué)設(shè)計的第一步，是教師完成教學(xué)任務(wù)所要達(dá)到的要求或標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。它的作用主要體現(xiàn)在以下幾個方面：①指導(dǎo)教師對教學(xué)方法、技術(shù)、媒體的選擇和運用；②有助于教學(xué)結(jié)果的測量與評價；③引導(dǎo)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)。(2)教學(xué)目標(biāo)指的是“學(xué)生的行為”而不是“教師的行為”。因此，在教學(xué)目標(biāo)設(shè)計時，要突出學(xué)生的主體地位，不能發(fā)生時而學(xué)生、時而教師的行為主體混亂，更不應(yīng)該是教師單純的教學(xué)行為。本案例中的教學(xué)目標(biāo)中的第二個與第三個目標(biāo)都存在著用詞不當(dāng)?shù)膯栴}?！癟rain”和“Develop”是教師的行為，不是學(xué)生的行為。(3)Knowledgeobjective:Studentscanasksomeoneandexpressownloveforfood,suchas"WhatwouldyoulikeI'dlike...Ilike...".Abilityobjective:Studentscanimprovetheirspeakingabilitythroughdialoguepractice.Emotionalobjective:Studentscandevelopgoodeatinghabits.九、根據(jù)提供的信息和語言素材設(shè)計教學(xué)方案，用英文作答。設(shè)計任務(wù)：請閱讀下面學(xué)生信息和語言素材．設(shè)計一節(jié)英語寫作課教學(xué)方案。教案沒有固定格式，但須包含下列要點：teachingobjectivesteachingcontentskeyanddifficultpointsmajorstepsandtimeallocationactivitiesandiustifications教學(xué)時間：45分鐘學(xué)生概況：某城鎮(zhèn)普通中學(xué)高中二年級學(xué)生，班級人數(shù)40人。多數(shù)學(xué)生已經(jīng)達(dá)到《普通高中英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(實驗)》六級水平。學(xué)生課堂參與積極性一般。語言素材：TheBandThatWasn'tHaveyoueverwantedtobepartofabandasafamoussingerormusician?Haveyoueverdreamedofplayinginfrontofthousandsofpeopleataconcert,atwhicheveryoneisclappingandappreciatingyourmusic?DoyousingkaraokeandpretendyouareafamoussingerlikeSongZuyingorLiuHuan?Tobehonest,alotofpeopleattachgreatimportancetobecomingrichandfamous.Butjusthowdopeopleformaband?【答案】ClassType:Writingclass,1periodTeachingContents:Thetopicisaboutwritinganarticleaboutmakingaband.TeachingObjectives:(1)KnowledgeobjectiveStudentscanwritedowntheirownopinionsabouthavingabandandshareitwiththeirfriends.(2)AbilityobjectiveStudentswillimprovetheirwritingandspeakingabilities.(3)EmotionalobjectiveAfterlearningthislesson,studentswillknowhowtoexpresstheiropinionslogically.TeachingKeyPoint:Howtowriteanarticleandsharetheirnewideaswiththeirfriends.TeachingDifficultPoint:Howtousetheabilityofwritinginrealsituationsintheirlives.TeachingProcedures:一十、根據(jù)題目要求完成下列任務(wù)，用中文作答。以下是某堂課老師的教學(xué)材料：?Betty:HiMum,canyouhearme??Mum:Yes,Ican.Whereareyou??Betty:I'mstandingontheGreatWallofChinaandtalkingtoyou.?Mum:Really??Betty:We'reonaschooltripandwe'vehavinglunch.Andwe'relyinginthesunandwe'retakinglotsofphotos.?Mum:That'sgreat,Betty.Whataretheothersdoing?Betty:Well,Tonyiseatinganicecream,andLucyisbuyingsomepresentsandpostcards.AndTomiseatinglunchandlyinginthesun.Mum:Canyousendmeapostcard?Betty:Yes.LucyandIarewritingpostcards.We'reenjoyingtheschooltripalot.Anyway,we'regoinghomenow.Bye!【答案】(1)語篇指的是實際使用的語言單位，是一次交際過程中的一系列連續(xù)的話段或句子所構(gòu)成的語言整體。根據(jù)韓禮德的觀點，語篇是一個語義單位或意義潛勢的現(xiàn)實化，任何一個口頭或書面語言片段。不論其長短，只要能構(gòu)成一個語義整體，即表達(dá)完整的意思，就可以稱之為語篇。根據(jù)語篇的概念，該材料屬于會話語篇。(2)這份材料適合于口語教學(xué)。理由：①材料語言比較簡單，沒有生僻詞匯，句式偏向口語化，適合用于口語練習(xí)；②選材偏向生活化，有生活氣息．適合平時與人交際使用，英語口語的最終目的就是讓學(xué)生達(dá)到溝通交流，因此會話語篇可以提供這樣一個交流的環(huán)境。⑧材料以對話形式呈現(xiàn)有問有答，也有連讀和吞音部分，對于語音語調(diào)的學(xué)習(xí)都是很好的內(nèi)容。(3)考慮要素：①教學(xué)內(nèi)容要素：教學(xué)內(nèi)容是要完成的教學(xué)任務(wù)，是實現(xiàn)教學(xué)目標(biāo)的主要載體。因此教師在選擇材料時，將教科書作為主要依據(jù)，教材分析基本關(guān)注教學(xué)的重點、難點及考點方面。比較注重顯性教材的運用而忽視隱性教材的挖掘和利用，較少關(guān)注與學(xué)習(xí)教材內(nèi)容有密切關(guān)系的認(rèn)知和心理因素。以及教材對學(xué)生能力的要求，而對教學(xué)的重點和難點也只是闡述其內(nèi)容，沒有做進(jìn)一步的分析。在新課改背景下，教學(xué)內(nèi)容分析既要求對顯性教材的運用，也要求對隱性教材的挖掘和利用。②教學(xué)對象要素：學(xué)生是分析教學(xué)任務(wù)必須要考慮的因素。分析學(xué)生是為了幫助學(xué)生解決學(xué)習(xí)中的困難，完成教學(xué)任務(wù)。教師應(yīng)該做到以下兩點：一是要了解教學(xué)活動開始前學(xué)生在認(rèn)知、情感、態(tài)度等方面已經(jīng)達(dá)到了什么樣的水平，這一水平標(biāo)志著學(xué)生已經(jīng)能做什么，說什么，想明白了什么等等(即學(xué)生的學(xué)歷和學(xué)情)。這是學(xué)生掌握新的學(xué)習(xí)任務(wù)的起點水平。二是要了解教授了教學(xué)材料后預(yù)期學(xué)生在認(rèn)知、情感、態(tài)度等方面必須達(dá)到的狀態(tài)。對這種狀態(tài)的把握最終會轉(zhuǎn)化為確定的教學(xué)任務(wù)與具體的學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)。只有當(dāng)教師的心中對教學(xué)前和教學(xué)后這兩種狀態(tài)的差距做到心中有數(shù)時，才能根據(jù)學(xué)生的實際情況，確定恰當(dāng)?shù)慕虒W(xué)內(nèi)容。③教學(xué)目標(biāo)要素：教學(xué)目標(biāo)是教育者在教學(xué)過程中，希望受教育者達(dá)到的要求或產(chǎn)生的變化結(jié)果，也是教師完成教學(xué)任務(wù)的歸宿。新課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)從關(guān)注學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)出發(fā)，強(qiáng)調(diào)學(xué)生是學(xué)習(xí)的主體，教學(xué)目標(biāo)是教學(xué)活動中師生共同追求的，而不是由教師所操縱的。因此，教學(xué)目標(biāo)的主體顯然應(yīng)該是學(xué)生。教師在選擇教學(xué)材料的同時也要以學(xué)生為出發(fā)點，思考需要完成怎樣的教學(xué)目標(biāo)或達(dá)到怎樣的教學(xué)效果。一十一、下面是某英語教師在寫作課的教學(xué)片段．閱讀并回答問題。Tellstudentswewouldwriteanarticleforourfavoritesports,andthetopicisaboutsports.Showstudentsamodelarticleonthescreenandleadthemtofindouttheformatofanarticle:mainheading,smallerheadingandthebody.Runabrainstormingactivity:showsomepicturesaboutthesportsandthefamousathletes.Askstudentsthequestionsasfollows.WhyareyouinterestedinthatsportWhoisyourfavoriteathleteWhatdoyoudotoimproveyourskillsThenIwouldaskthemtohaveadiscussionabouttheabovequestions.Theycanchangetheirideaswiththeirpartnersandfindoutthesimilaritiesanddifferences.Thenchooseoneideatowritewith.Afterthediscussion,Iwouldpicksomestudentstoreporttheirtopicsatthefront.根據(jù)上面的課堂教學(xué)片段回答下面三個問題：(1)該片段屬于什么教學(xué)環(huán)節(jié)體現(xiàn)了哪種寫作教學(xué)模式(2)請從寫作教學(xué)原則的角度，評價該教學(xué)片段。(3)該片段中教師的課堂角色有哪些【答案】(1)該片段集中于寫作思路的產(chǎn)生和形成，屬于寫前環(huán)節(jié)，體現(xiàn)了重過程的寫作教學(xué)模式．主要過程包括：產(chǎn)生寫作動機(jī)、頭腦風(fēng)暴、詞匯思路、自由寫作、列出大綱、寫出草稿、修改、提高、校對和討論等。?(2)寫作教學(xué)需要體現(xiàn)過程性原則、交際性原則、整體性原則等。?過程性原則要使寫作任務(wù)過程化，不能只注重結(jié)果，要注重整個過程的有效展開，包括寫作前、寫草稿、編輯修改、校讀、公布于眾；交際性原則要將交際性引入寫作教學(xué)中，要給學(xué)生交際的機(jī)會，使其在交際中獲得樂趣，在寫前活動和修改活動中盡可能采用小組活動和同伴活動．增加學(xué)生問的交流：整體性原則要把寫作教學(xué)與聽、說、讀有機(jī)結(jié)合起來。?該教學(xué)片段在寫前環(huán)節(jié)先引導(dǎo)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)范文。總結(jié)寫作的格式、范文的主題等，再通過頭腦風(fēng)暴進(jìn)行討論．為學(xué)生進(jìn)行格式、內(nèi)容、話題、詞