SupplierIncomingPerformance(1).8-DTrainingSupplierqualitymanagement

SupplierIncomingPerformance(1Eight-Discipline--TeamOrientedProblemSolvingWhatis"8-D"? 什么是8-D？Asystematicapproachutilizedfortruerootcausefinding&problemsolving&

PreventiveActions.8-D是一個用于探索原因、解決問題、防止再發(fā)的系統(tǒng)化方法。Eight-Discipline--TeamOrient2Eight-Discipline--TeamOrientedProblemSolving8-D的特點主要特點之一：團隊作戰(zhàn)

由一組人來共同對一個問題進行研究，對問題分析更全面、更透徹，有利于找出根本原因，以徹底糾正永不再犯。主要特點之二：以事實為基礎的問題解析技術

強調精確地陳述問題，并使用合理的思考與統(tǒng)計工具來詳細的描述問題。分析測驗一切可能原因，找出并驗證真因。主要特點之三：肯定貢獻

8D程序的第8D就是管理者要衷心肯定團隊及個人的貢獻，予以祝賀。這是使8D能持續(xù)開展的保證。Eight-Discipline--TeamOrient3Eight-Discipline--TeamOrientedProblemSolvingDiscipline1. UseTeamApproach

組建團隊Discipline2. DescribeTheProblem

問題描述Discipline3. ImmediateCorrectiveActions

應急對策（防堵措施）Discipline4. SeekTheRootCause

根本原因Discipline5. PermanentCorrectiveActions

永久改善措施Discipline6. VerificationOfEffectiveness

效果確認Discipline7. PreventiveActions

防止復發(fā)（標準化）Discipline8. CongratulateYourTeam,CaseClose

祝賀團隊結案Eight-Discipline--TeamOrient4Eight-Discipline--TeamOrientedProblemSolvingEight-Discipline--TeamOrient5Eight-Discipline--TeamOrientedProblemSolvingDiscipline1:UseTeamApproach8-D–第一條：組建團隊Selectateamchampion(managementmemberswhowillremoveroadblocksoftheteam).選擇團隊決策支持人（決策支持人要能排除障礙）。Selectateamleader(Amemberwhodirectseffortsandtakesresponsibilityforteam).選擇一個組長（組長代表小組向上級負責）。Eight-Discipline--TeamOrient6Eight-Discipline--TeamOrientedProblemSolvingDiscipline2:DescribeTheProblem8-D–第二條：描述問題5W2HEight-Discipline--TeamOrient7Eight-Discipline--TeamOrientedProblemSolvingDiscipline2:DescribeTheProblem8-D–第二條：描述問題Who(何人)：When(何時)Where（何處）What（什么）Why（為何）How（如何）HowMany?HowMuch?(有多少)Eight-Discipline--TeamOrient8Eight-Discipline--TeamOrientedProblemSolvingDiscipline3:ImmediateCorrectiveActions8-D–第三條：應急對策Definewho,what,when&howyouwillcaptureandcontainthedefectsnow,andpreventthemfromgettingthecustomer.指明緊急對策的人、事、時及方法，同時防止在客戶端再發(fā)生。Inducementofothertypesofdefects.不可因而引起其他形式的不良。Eight-Discipline--TeamOrient9Eight-Discipline--TeamOrientedProblemSolvingDiscipline4:SeekTheRootCause8D-第四條根本原因Describewhythechangeinconditionoccurred,oridentifythe“Hole”inthesystemwhichallowedthepre-existingconditiontogoundetected.描述為何發(fā)生，并指出該問題流出的原因。Categorizetherootcauses,e.g.material,machine,Methods,Manpower,Maintenance,Environment.將根本原因按人、機、料、法、環(huán)（4M1E）進行分類。Eight-Discipline--TeamOrient10Eight-Discipline--TeamOrientedProblemSolvingCause&Effect(Fishbone)diagrams#原因及效應分析圖(魚骨圖)

Discipline4:SeekTheRootCause8D-第四條根本原因Identifyatleast3majorcausesandgiveoccurrenceratioforeachpriority.#鎖定最少3個主要原因及估計各項發(fā)生比率5‘Why?’# 5個’為什么?’CrosscheckwithexistingPFMEAtableifnecessary.#如有需要，可使用過程失效及效應分析圖復檢Eight-Discipline--TeamOrient11FishboneDiagram/CauseEffectDiagram

魚骨圖/因果圖

Eight-Discipline--TeamOrientedProblemSolvingFishboneDiagram/CauseEffe12TheFiveWhyMethod

五個為什麼方法Eight-Discipline--TeamOrientedProblemSolvingTheFiveWhyMethod

五個為什麼方法Eig13Eight-Discipline--TeamOrientedProblemSolvingEight-Discipline--TeamOrient14Eight-Discipline--TeamOrientedProblemSolvingDiscipline5:PermanentCorrectiveAction8D-第五條：永久改善措施Describewho,what,when&howyouwillimplementinmaterial,manpower,methods,etc.Tototallyeliminatetherootcauseoftheproblem.描述排除不良根源的人、事、時以及如何使用這些資源。Eight-Discipline--TeamOrient15Eight-Discipline--TeamOrientedProblemSolvingDiscipline5:PermanentCorrectiveAction8D-第五條：永久改善措施ConsiderpermanentC/Aimpactupon:永久改善對策應考慮到：Inducingothertypesofdefects.不能引起其他不良；Eliminationofimmediatecorrectiveactions(i.e.ifC/Aplanworkscontainmentactivitiesshouldnolongerberequires).可取代緊急對策（也就是說，永久改善對策落實后，則緊急對策應該不再需要）。Eight-Discipline--TeamOrient16Eight-Discipline--TeamOrientedProblemSolvingDiscipline6:VerifyOfEffectiveness8D-第六條：效果確認Describeverificationresultsinquantifiableterms.(E.g.:achievedCpK–1.5ordecreaseddefectoccurrencestozero,etc.)用量化指標來確認對策落實效果（例如從2700降低到1200dppm）Continueimmediatecorrectiveactionsuntilpermanentcorrectiveactionsareverifiedasbeingeffective.緊急對策不能停，直到永久改善措施被確認生效。Eight-Discipline--TeamOrient17Eight-Discipline--TeamOrientedProblemSolvingDiscipline7:PreventRecurrence8D-第七條：防止復發(fā)Describetheinternaland/orexternalculturalorsystemicchangesthatmustbemadetopreventtheproblemfromrecurring;描述能預防問題再發(fā)生的內(nèi)部及外部的文化、系統(tǒng)改善條件;Theteamchampionisresponsiblefortakingtheserecommendationbacktomanagementanddrivingimplementation.決策支持人負責將改進建議往上級呈報并推動落實。Eight-Discipline--TeamOrient18Eight-Discipline--TeamOrientedProblemSolvingDiscipline8:CongratulateToYourTeam,CaseClose8D-第八條：祝賀結案Championandteamleaderrecognizesteammembersfortheirroleinsolvingtheproblem.決策支持人和組長肯定小組成員對解決問題的貢獻。Eight-Discipline--TeamOrient19Eight-Discipline--TeamOrientedProblemSolving案例介紹賞析Eight-Discipline--TeamOrient20Eight-Discipline--TeamOrientedProblemSolving形象教材賞析Eight-Discipline--TeamOrient21Eight-Discipline--TeamOrientedProblemSolvingThankYouVeryMuch!謝謝大家！Eight-Discipline--TeamOrient22SupplierIncomingPerformance(1).8-DTrainingSupplierqualitymanagement

SupplierIncomingPerformance(23Eight-Discipline--TeamOrientedProblemSolvingWhatis"8-D"? 什么是8-D？Asystematicapproachutilizedfortruerootcausefinding&problemsolving&

PreventiveActions.8-D是一個用于探索原因、解決問題、防止再發(fā)的系統(tǒng)化方法。Eight-Discipline--TeamOrient24Eight-Discipline--TeamOrientedProblemSolving8-D的特點主要特點之一：團隊作戰(zhàn)

由一組人來共同對一個問題進行研究，對問題分析更全面、更透徹，有利于找出根本原因，以徹底糾正永不再犯。主要特點之二：以事實為基礎的問題解析技術

強調精確地陳述問題，并使用合理的思考與統(tǒng)計工具來詳細的描述問題。分析測驗一切可能原因，找出并驗證真因。主要特點之三：肯定貢獻

8D程序的第8D就是管理者要衷心肯定團隊及個人的貢獻，予以祝賀。這是使8D能持續(xù)開展的保證。Eight-Discipline--TeamOrient25Eight-Discipline--TeamOrientedProblemSolvingDiscipline1. UseTeamApproach

組建團隊Discipline2. DescribeTheProblem

問題描述Discipline3. ImmediateCorrectiveActions

應急對策（防堵措施）Discipline4. SeekTheRootCause

根本原因Discipline5. PermanentCorrectiveActions

永久改善措施Discipline6. VerificationOfEffectiveness

效果確認Discipline7. PreventiveActions

防止復發(fā)（標準化）Discipline8. CongratulateYourTeam,CaseClose

祝賀團隊結案Eight-Discipline--TeamOrient26Eight-Discipline--TeamOrientedProblemSolvingEight-Discipline--TeamOrient27Eight-Discipline--TeamOrientedProblemSolvingDiscipline1:UseTeamApproach8-D–第一條：組建團隊Selectateamchampion(managementmemberswhowillremoveroadblocksoftheteam).選擇團隊決策支持人（決策支持人要能排除障礙）。Selectateamleader(Amemberwhodirectseffortsandtakesresponsibilityforteam).選擇一個組長（組長代表小組向上級負責）。Eight-Discipline--TeamOrient28Eight-Discipline--TeamOrientedProblemSolvingDiscipline2:DescribeTheProblem8-D–第二條：描述問題5W2HEight-Discipline--TeamOrient29Eight-Discipline--TeamOrientedProblemSolvingDiscipline2:DescribeTheProblem8-D–第二條：描述問題Who(何人)：When(何時)Where（何處）What（什么）Why（為何）How（如何）HowMany?HowMuch?(有多少)Eight-Discipline--TeamOrient30Eight-Discipline--TeamOrientedProblemSolvingDiscipline3:ImmediateCorrectiveActions8-D–第三條：應急對策Definewho,what,when&howyouwillcaptureandcontainthedefectsnow,andpreventthemfromgettingthecustomer.指明緊急對策的人、事、時及方法，同時防止在客戶端再發(fā)生。Inducementofothertypesofdefects.不可因而引起其他形式的不良。Eight-Discipline--TeamOrient31Eight-Discipline--TeamOrientedProblemSolvingDiscipline4:SeekTheRootCause8D-第四條根本原因Describewhythechangeinconditionoccurred,oridentifythe“Hole”inthesystemwhichallowedthepre-existingconditiontogoundetected.描述為何發(fā)生，并指出該問題流出的原因。Categorizetherootcauses,e.g.material,machine,Methods,Manpower,Maintenance,Environment.將根本原因按人、機、料、法、環(huán)（4M1E）進行分類。Eight-Discipline--TeamOrient32Eight-Discipline--TeamOrientedProblemSolvingCause&Effect(Fishbone)diagrams#原因及效應分析圖(魚骨圖)

Discipline4:SeekTheRootCause8D-第四條根本原因Identifyatleast3majorcausesandgiveoccurrenceratioforeachpriority.#鎖定最少3個主要原因及估計各項發(fā)生比率5‘Why?’# 5個’為什么?’CrosscheckwithexistingPFMEAtableifnecessary.#如有需要，可使用過程失效及效應分析圖復檢Eight-Discipline--TeamOrient33FishboneDiagram/CauseEffectDiagram

魚骨圖/因果圖

Eight-Discipline--TeamOrientedProblemSolvingFishboneDiagram/CauseEffe34TheFiveWhyMethod

五個為什麼方法Eight-Discipline--TeamOrientedProblemSolvingTheFiveWhyMethod

五個為什麼方法Eig35Eight-Discipline--TeamOrientedProblemSolvingEight-Discipline--TeamOrient36Eight-Discipline--TeamOrientedProblemSolvingDiscipline5:PermanentCorrectiveAction8D-第五條：永久改善措施Describewho,what,when&howyouwillimplementinmaterial,manpower,methods,etc.Tototallyeliminatetherootcauseoftheproblem.描述排除不良根源的人、事、時以及如何使用這些資源。Eight-Discipline--TeamOrient37Eight-Discipline--TeamOrientedProblemSolvingDiscipline5:PermanentCorrectiveAction8D-第五條：永久改善措施ConsiderpermanentC/Aimpactupon:永久改善對策應考慮到：Inducingothertypesofdefects.不能引起其他不良；Eliminationofimmediatecorrectiveactions(i.e.ifC/Aplanworkscontainmentactivitiesshouldnolongerberequires).可取代緊急對策（也就是說，永久改善對策落實后，則緊急對策應該不再需要）。Eight-Discipline--TeamOrient38Eight-Discipline--TeamOrientedProblemSolvingDiscipline6:VerifyOfEffectiveness8D-第六條：效果確認Describeverificationresultsinquantifiableterms.(E.g.:achievedCpK–1.5ordecreaseddefectoccurrencestozero,etc.)用量化指標來確認對策落實效果（例如從2700降低到1200dppm）Continueimmediatecorrectiveact