英語口語900句：圣誕頌歌的歷史CarolswerefirstsunginEuropethousandsofyearsago,butthesewerenotChristmasCarols.Theywerepagansongs,sungattheWinterSolsticecelebrationsaspeopledancedroundstonecircles(Thewordcaroloriginallymeanttodancetosomething).唱頌歌首次在歐洲數(shù)千年前,但是這些不是圣誕頌歌。他們是異教徒的歌曲,唱在冬至的慶?；顒?人們跳舞圓石圈(carol這個詞最初意思是為某物而舞)。TheWinterSolsticeistheshortestdayoftheyear,usuallytakingplacearoundthe22ndDecember.ThewordCarolactuallymeansdanceorasongofpraiseandjoy!冬至是一年中最短的一天,通常發(fā)生在12月22日?？_”這個詞的真正含義可能是贊美和歡樂的跳舞和歌聲!Carolsusedtobewrittenandsungduringallfourseasons,butonlythetraditionofsingingthematChristmashasreallysurvived.唱頌歌在四個季節(jié)中編寫頌唱,但是只有在圣誕節(jié)他們的傳統(tǒng)意味才真的活了下來。EarlyChristianstookoverthepagansolsticecelebrationsforChristmasandgavepeopleChristiansongstosinginsteadofpaganones.InAD129,aRomanBishopsaidthatasongcalled"Angel'sHymn"shouldbesungataChristmasserviceinRome.早期基督徒接管了異教的冬至日慶祝圣誕節(jié),給予人們基督教歌曲唱,而不是異教的歌曲。在公元129年,羅馬主教說一首歌叫“天使的贊美詩”應(yīng)該在圣誕節(jié)服務(wù)于羅馬。AnotherfamousearlyChristmasHymnwaswrittenin760AD,byComasofJerusalem,fortheGreekOrthodoxChurch.另一個早期的圣誕贊美詩是寫在公元760年,來源于耶路撒冷的昏暗,為希臘正教而頌唱。SoonafterthismanycomposersalloverEuropestartedtowrite'Christmascarols'.However,notmanypeoplelikedthemastheywereallwrittenandsunginLatin,alanguagethatthenormalpeoplecouldn'tunderstand.BythetimeoftheMiddlesAges(the1200s),mostpeoplehadlostinterestincelebratingChristmasaltogether.不久這很多作曲家在全歐洲開始寫“圣誕頌歌”。不過,很多人都不喜歡他們，演唱都是用拉丁語寫成的,正常人沒法聽懂這語言。到了中世紀(jì)(1200年代),絕大部分人失去了去慶祝圣誕節(jié)的興趣。ThiswaschangedbySt.FrancisofAssisiwhen,in1223,hestartedhisNativityPlaysinItaly.Thepeopleintheplayssangsongsor'canticles'thattoldthestoryduringtheplays.Sometimes,thechorusesofthesenewcarolswereinLatin;butnormallytheywereallinalanguagethatthepeoplewatchingtheplaycouldunderstandandjoinin!ThenewcarolsspreadtoFrance,Spain,GermanyandotherEuropeancountries.這是亞西西的圣方濟的改變的時候,在1223年,他開始了他的誕生于意大利。戲劇的人唱歌或唱頌歌,告訴故事正在實行。有時,這些新的頌歌的合唱是拉丁語,但通常他們都是在看戲的人能夠理解的語言，一起加入!新的頌歌蔓延到法國、西班牙、德國和其他歐洲國家。Theearliestcarol,likethis,waswrittenin1410.Sadlyonlyaverysmallfragmentofitstillexists.ThecarolwasaboutMaryandJesusmeetingdifferentpeopleinBethlehem.MostCarolsfromthistimeandtheElizabethanperiodareuntruestories,verylooselybasedontheChristmasstory,abouttheholyfamilyandwereseenasentertainingratherthanreligioussongs.最早的卡羅爾,像這樣的,是在1410年寫的。遺憾的是只有一個非常小的碎片仍然存有?？_爾是瑪麗和耶穌在伯利恒遇見不同的人而著的。絕大部分頌歌,伊麗莎白時期的真實故事,非常松散的,基于標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的圣誕故事,關(guān)于圣家庭和被視為娛樂而不是宗教歌曲。Theywereusuallysunginhomesratherthaninchurches!TravelingsingersorMinstrelsstartedsingingthesecarolsandthewordswerechangedforthelocalpeoplewherevertheyweretraveling.Onecarolsthatchangedlikethisis'ISawThreeShips'.他們通常在家里,而不是在教堂唱!旅行歌手或音樂家開始唱這些頌歌,歌詞被改編在當(dāng)?shù)厝寺眯袝r。一個頌歌改成像是這樣“我看到三艘船”。WhenOliverCromwellandthePuritanscametopowerinEnglandin1647,thecelebrationofChristmasandsingingcarolswasstopped.However,thecarolssurvivedaspeoplestillsangtheminsecret.CarolsremainedmainlyunsunguntilVictoriantimes,whentwomencalledWilliamSandysandDavisGilbertcollectedlotsofoldChristmasmusicfromvillagesinEngland.當(dāng)奧利弗?克倫威爾和英國清教徒掌權(quán)于 1647年,慶祝圣誕節(jié)和唱頌歌停了下來。不過,頌歌幸存下來，人們?nèi)匀煌低党?。頌歌仍主要是無名的，直到維多利亞時代，當(dāng)兩個男人叫威廉?桑蒂斯和戴維斯吉爾伯特收集大量的來自英格蘭的村莊古老的圣誕音樂。Beforecarolsinginginpublicbecamepopular,thereweresometimesofficialcarolsingerscalled'Waits'.Thesewerebandsofpeopleledbyimportantlocalleaders(suchascouncilleaders)whohadtheonlypowerinthetownsandvillagestotakemoneyfromthepublic(ifothersdidthis,theyweresometimeschargedasbeggars!).在卡羅在公共唱歌逐步流行,有時有官方頌歌歌手叫“守望者”。這是重要地方領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的樂隊的人(如委員會領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人)，曾在城鎮(zhèn)和村莊擁有力量能從公眾手中拿錢的人(如果別人這樣做,就有時被指控是乞丐!)。Theywerecalled'Waits'becausetheyonlysangonChristmasEve(Thiswassometimesknownas'watchnight'or'waitnight'becauseoftheshepherdswerewatchingtheirsheepwhentheangelsappearedtothem.),whentheChristmascelebrationsbegan.他們叫“守望者”,因為他們只在圣誕前夕唱歌(有時作為“看著夜晚”或“等待晚上”而熟知,因為牧羊人正在看著他們的羊在天使出現(xiàn)時。),當(dāng)圣誕節(jié)慶祝活動開始。Also,atthistime,manyorchestrasandchoirswerebeingsetupinthecitiesofEnglandandpeoplewantedChristmassongstosing,socarolsonceagainbecamepopular.Manynewcarols,suchas'GoodKingWenceslas',werealsowrittenintheVictorianperiod.同時,在這個時候,很多管弦樂團和合唱團被建立在英格蘭和想要唱圣誕歌曲人們的城市里,所以頌歌再次流行起來。很多新的頌歌,如“好國王溫塞斯拉斯”,也寫在維多利亞時代。Newcarolsserviceswerecreatedandbecamepopular,asdidthecustomofsingingcarolsinthestreets.Bothofthesecustomsarestillpopulartoday!OneofthemostpopulartypesofCarolsservicesareCarolsbyCandlelightservices.Atthisservice,thechurchisonlylitbycandlelightanditfeelsveryChristmassy!CarolsbyCandlelightservicesareheldincountriesallovertheworld.創(chuàng)建新的頌歌服務(wù),成為流