22牛津版英語八年級上冊Unit7Memory只言片語記憶力_角喪失改進_提到方法__拼寫大腦_可笑的_英里__字母值得_拼寫除非__困難清單_步驟循環(huán)__類似的__紙幣_錢包籃；筐經理提取涌出說文解字Agreatwaytohelpyouremembersomethingistoimagineapictureofitinyourmind.不定式tohelpyouremembersth作way的后置定語，修飾agreatwaye.g.Doyouhaveanythingtoeat?不定式在句中作定語，置于被修飾的名詞或代詞之后。如：Doyouhaveanythingtosayonthequestion?Wouldyoupleasegivemesomepapertowriteon?MywishtovisitFrancehascometrueatlast.(2)helpsbwithsth在某方面幫助某人helponeself(to)請自便withthehelpof在方面幫助某人Can'thelpdoingsth忍不住做某事e.g.Jimoftenhelpsmewithmaths.(3)imagine想象+名詞、動名詞、從句e.g.Wecan'timaginelifewithoutanyhardships.運用:(1)我有很多工作要做---DoyouknowNeilArmstrong?---Yes.Heisthefirstmanonthemoon.A.walkB.walksC.towalkD.walkedIt'shardtoimagineworkinginaplacelikethat.(英譯漢)2.Ifyoumakethepicturebig,strangeorsilly,youwillrememberitbetter.(1)if引導的條件狀語從句，條件狀語從句中的動詞多用一般現(xiàn)在時，主句中的動詞多用一般將來時，即主將從現(xiàn)原則Ishallgoifsheasksme.(2)make+sth+adj形容詞作賓語補足語makesbdosth.讓某人做某事(3)remembertodosth記得去做某事rememberdoingsth記得做過某事Thismakesitthelongestwordintheworld.當不定式、動名詞、從句等復雜成分用作賓語且其后跟有賓語補足語時，通常會在賓語補足語前使用形式賓語it,而將真正的賓語移至句末，其基本結構為“動詞+it+賓語補足語+不定式(動名詞或從句)”。如：Ifinditdifficulttodothejobwell.Ithinkitbestthatyoushouldstayhere.Wethinkitnousecomplaining.Wethinkitquiteimportantforustolearnaforeignlanguagewell.Hefeelsithisdutytohelpthepoor.IfinditdifficulttolearnEnglishwell.4?Remember:apictureisworthathousandwords.記?。阂桓眻D畫，值1000個單詞。beworth+Ving值得的e.g.Thishouseisworthalotofmoney.Thefilmisworthseeing.這個茶杯值30元Agoodmethodforrememberingthespellingofawordistomakeashortsentencewitheachotheroftheword.（1）amethodfor+Ving一個做的方法（2）不定式作表語表示具體動作或將來動作；Tobekindtotheenemyistobecrueltothepeople.Mychiefpurposeistopointoutthedifficultiesofthematter.WhatIwouldsuggestistoputoffthemeeting.當主語和表語都是不定式時，其含義一是條件，一是結果。當主語是aim,duty,hope,idea,mistake,plan,purpose,suggestion等為中心詞的名詞詞組時，或以what引導的名詞性分句，不定式說明主語的內容。Forexample,toremembertheword”smiles”,wecanimaginethereisa“mile”betweenthefirstletterandthelastletter.（1）between...and...兩者之間。（2）to=inorderto表目的“為了”Forexample,ifyouwanttorememberhowtospelltheword"because",.?????疑問詞who,what,which,when,where,whether,how后可接不定式構成不定式短語，句中作主語、賓語、表語等。WhentoleaveforLondonhasnotbeendecidedyet.（不定式在句子中做主語）Mr.Smithdidn'tknowwhethertoleaveorstaythere.（不定式在句子中做賓語）IaskedProfessorXuhowtolearnEnglishwell.（不定式在句子中做直接賓語）Thequestionwaswheretogetthemedicineneeded.（不定式在句子中表語）Youwillforgetsomethingveryquicklyunlessyouunderstanditwell.如果你沒有理解的話，你很快就會忘記它。（1）Unless=if...not引導條件狀語從句“如果不；除非”，也要遵循“主將從現(xiàn)”原則e.g.Unlesshestudiedhard,hewillneverpasstheexams.除非我叫你，你不要離開這棟房子（2）forgettodosth忘記去做某事forgetdoingsth忘記做了某事e.g.Sorry,Iforgottobringthebook.（對不起，我忘了帶書了。）Iforgotborrowingabookfromyou.（我忘記曾經向你借過書這件事）（3）Forgetquicklyunderstandwell副詞修飾動詞9?It'seasiertorememberthesestepsifyouunderstandhowthewatercycleworks.動詞不定式作主語時常用it作形式主語，而往往將動詞不定式放在謂語或表語之后。如：It'snoteasytolearnaforeignlanguagewell.（=Tolearnaforeignlanguagewellisnoteasy.）學好一門外語不容易。在此句型中，如果要說明動詞不定式的動作是誰做的，可在不定式前加一個for引起的短語，作不定式的邏輯主語。如：It'sdifficultforustofinishthework.對我們來說，完成這項工作很困難。It'shardformetoansweryourquestion.要我回答你的問題很難。但是，如果表語是kind,nice,right,wrong,clever,polite等描述行為者的性格、品質的形容詞，則應在不定式前加一個of引起的短語。如：It'sverykindofyoutohelpme.你能幫我，真好。語法：if/unless引導的條件狀語從句If引導的條件狀語句??引導條件狀語從句最常用的連詞是if。if引導的條件句有真實條件句和非真實條件句兩種（非真實條件句會在以后的虛擬語氣中闡述），其引導的真實條件狀語從句表示在某種條件下某事很可能發(fā)生。1）如果if條件句講述自然規(guī)律，肯定會發(fā)生的事情或客觀事實，主句和if從句都用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。（主現(xiàn)從現(xiàn)）Eg:Ifyoutakeafishoutofwater,itdies.如果把魚從水中拿出，它會死。2）在if引導的條件狀語從句中，談論將來可能出現(xiàn)的情況時，主句一般將來時態(tài)、祈使句+if從句（一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)）情態(tài)動詞（主現(xiàn)從現(xiàn)）Ifyouputapieceofpaperintowater,itgetswet.如果你把一張紙放進水中，它會變濕。（主將從現(xiàn)）I'llbuyacarifIhaveenoughmoney.如果我有足夠的錢，我會買一輛車。（主祈從現(xiàn)）Becarefulwhenyoucrosstheroad.過馬路時要小心。Putupyourhandifyouhaveanyquestionstoask.如果你們有問題要問的話，請舉手。（主情從現(xiàn)）IfIgetthereearly,Icanseethedoctorquickly.如果我早早地到那里，我就可以快點看病。【注意】此處if引導的從句，還可由when，assoonas（—…就…），（not）...until（直到…才），unless（除非）來引導。Eg:Thetrafficmuststopwhenthelightarered.當紅燈亮時，交通必須停止。Iwillgohomeassoonasitstopsraining.雨一停我就回家。Pleasedon'tleavetheofficeuntilyourfriendcomesback.請不要離開直到你朋友回來。Unless引導的條件狀語從句?unless引導的條件狀語從句：unless=f...not“除非，如果不”Let'sgooutforawalkunlessyouaretootired.=Ifyouarenottootied,let'sgooutforawalk.我們出去散步吧，除非你太累Youwillfailtoarrivethereintimeunlessyoustartearlier.=Ifyoudon'tstartearlier,youwillfailtoarrivethereintime.如果你不早點動身,你就不能及時趕到那兒。Unlessitrains,thegamewillbeplayed.=Ifitdoesn'train,thegamewillbeplayed.除非下雨,比賽將照常進行。Mybabysisternevercriesunlesssheishungry.=Mybabysisternevercriesifsheisn'thungry.我的妹妹不會亂哭，除非她餓了。?位置：由if引導的條件狀語從句，可放在主句前面或后面。Eg:Ifwegotothebeach,weneedtotakesuncream.=Weneedtotakesuncreamifwegotothebeach.如果我們去海灘，我們需要帶上防曬霜。一、用if或unless填空。hewantstoseeme,youcantellhimtowait,itsnowstomorrow,we'llhaveadayortwooff.Wewon'tgotohispartyheinvitesus.Sheissuretopasstheexaminationsheisill.I'lltakethatcomputerIhaveenoughmoney.mygrandmawearsglasses,shecanseebetter.7.1won'tbuythatbackpackitcostslessthanY20.8.I'mtired,I'llhavearestfortea.二、用所給詞的正確形式填空。Ifhe(get)alowmarkinthetest,he(study)harder;Ifyou(swim)everydaythissummer,you(be)veryhealthy.Ifhe(nothurry),he(notsee)thebeginningofthematch.Youcan'tgooutunlessyou(finish)yourhomework.UnlessIsavemymoneycarefully,I(notbe)abletobuyafootball.Ifit(notrain)tomorrow,we(go)tothepark.Ifhe(return)totheschool,I(let)youknow.養(yǎng)兵千日第一節(jié)語法選擇1yearsago,peopledidn'tknow2tomakeafire.Whenitwasverycold3night,theycouldn'tsleepvery4.Sometimeslighting(閃電)hitaforestand5afire.Atfirstpeoplewerebothsurprised6frightened(害怕的)toseethefire.Theywereafraid7out.Laterafewbravementooksomeofthisfireandmadeafirenear8homes.Theyusedthefiretokeepthem9.Whentheyhadafire,theydidn'tletit10burning(燃燒).Ifitstopped,theycouldn'tstartagain.Maybetheyhadto11foralongtime,sometimesforhours.Latertheylearnthowtomakeafire12piecesofwoodandstones.Nowwe_13matches(火柴).Wecanputtheminourpocketand_____14afirewhenwewant15it.Butwehavetobecarefulwithfire.1.A.ThousandofB.ThousandsofC.TwothousandsD.Twothousand2.A.whatB.whyC.howD.where3.A.atB.inC.onD.for4.A.wellB.goodC.betterD.best5.A.startB.startsC.startedD.starting6.A.orB.andC.butD.so7.A.goingB.goC.togoingD.togo8.A.themB.theyC.theirD.themselves9.A.warmB.warmlyC.thewarmestD.mostwarmly10.A.stopsB.stoppingC.stopD.tostop11.A.waitB.waitsC.waitingD.waited12.A.byB.inC.onD.with13.A.hasB.haveC.hadD.having14.A.makeB.tomakeC.makingD.makes15.A.makingB.makesC.tomakeD.made、完形填空Anoldmanlivedaloneinatown.Hewantedtodiguphispotatogarden,butitwasvery___16work.Hisonlyson,whoalways17himinthepast,wastheninprison（監(jiān)獄）.Sotheoldmanwrotealettertohissonandsaid:Dearson,IamfeelingprettybadbecauseitlookslikeIwon'tbeableto18potatoesinmygardenthisyear.I19tomissdoingitbecauseyourmotheralwayslovedplantingtime.I'mjustgettingtoooldtodigupagarden.Ifyouwerehere,allmy20wouldbeover.Iknowyouwoulddigupthegardenforme21youweren'tinprison.Love,DadSoontheoldman22aletter,"Dad,don'tdigupthegarden!That'swhereIburied（埋藏）theguns!”At4a.m.thenextmorning,some23cameanddugupthewholegardenwithoutfindinganygun.Theoldmanwas24andwroteanothernotetohisson.Hetoldhimwhathadhappened,and25himwhattodonext.Hisson'sreplywas,"Goaheadandplantyourpotatoes,Dad.It'sthebestIcoulddoforyoufromhere.”16.A.hardB.interestingC.simpleD.boring17.A.taughtB.helpedC.changedD.stopped18.A.cookB.digC.putD.plant19.A.hopeB.forgetC.hateD.decide20.A.troubleB.illnessC.dangerD.fear21.A.ifB.unlessC.becauseD.when22.A.wroteB.receivedC.sentD.read23.A.friendsB.neighborsC.policemenD.prisoners24.A.illB.luckyC.surprisedD.sorry25.A.toldB.calledC.invitedD.asked三、閱讀理解ASomepeoplesay,“Extremesportsaresodangerous．Whywouldanyonewanttodothem?”Butthedangeriswhatmakesthemsoexciting.Keepreadingtofindoutaboutthemostpopularones．Bungeejumping：PeopleonsomeSouthPacificislandshavebeenbungeejumpingforhundredsofyears．In1979,somepeoplebungeejumpedoffabridgeinEnglandandmadethesportpopulararoundtheworld．BungeejumpingcametoChinain1996．Skateboarding：Atfirst，thissportwascalled“sidewalksurfing”.Skateboardersoftenjumphighintotheair,godownstepsorslide（滑行）downrailsontheirboards.Theywearbaggytrouserssotheycanmovemorefreely．Skydiving：Thisisprobablythescariestextremesport．Skydiversjumpoutofairplanesaboutfourkilometersupinthesky．Theyusuallyfreefallforawhileandthenopenaparachutetoslowdownforasafelanding．Snowboarding：ThisbecameawinterOlympicsportin1998．Peopletiedtheirfeettotheboardwithspecialshoes．Theydon'tuseanyskisticks．Then，theyridedownhills,jumphighanddotricks．

Whatmadebungeejumpingpopularallovertheworld?AhistoryofhundredsofyearsB.JumpingoverariverinEnglandComingtoChinain1996D.JumpingoverabridgeinBritainInwhichsportsdopeoplejumpfromaplaneoffromahighplace?Bungeejumping.B.skydivingC.skateboarding.D.SnowboardingWhichsporthasbecomeaWinterOlympicsport?Bungeejumping.B.Skateboarding.C.Skydiving.D.Snowboarding.Whydosomepeopleliketodotheextremesports?A.It'sexcitingandsafe.B.It'sdangerousbutexciting.C.It'sscaryandsafe.D.It'sscarytolearn.Accordingtothepassage,whatdoestheunderword“extreme”(paragraphone)mean?A.危險的B.緊張的C.極限的D.興奮的B“Nomanisanisland”isawell-knownlinefromJohnDonne'sDevoti約n翰多恩的奉獻-詩集).Itwaswrittenmorethanthreehundredyearsago.Evennowpeoplestillagreewithhim.Noonecanliveacompletelyisolatedlife.Withoutotherpeople,lifewillbecomeemptyandsad.Weallneedtohavefriends.Forsomeofus,althoughmakingfriendsisnotdifficult,feelingshy,wemaynotwanttomakethefirstmove.Itisalsodifficultattimestokeepthefriendswealreadyhave.Therearemanybooksaboutfriendship,butDaleCarnegie'sHowtoWinFriendsandInfluencePeople,writtenin1936,isthemostfamous.Ithasbeensoldmillionsofcopiesandputinto28languages.Dale'sadviceseemstobesimple,butitcanhelpyou.Doyouneedtochangethewayyouact?Hereisthelistofadvicefromhisbook:1.Befriendlyandpolite.Alwaysgreetwithasmile.Remembertosay“Thankyou”andtrytobeashelpfulasyoucan.Gooutofyourwaytobenice.Findsometimetodospecialthingsforotherpeople.Makingsomesoupforasickneighbourmayseemlikealittlethingtoyou,butitwillmakeyourneighborfeelalotbetter.Remembernames.Theysaythatthesweetestmusictoaperson'searsisthesoundofhisorherownname.Beopen-minded.Trytounderstandotherpeople'swaysandideasandlearnsomethingfromthem.Listenpatiently.Whensomeoneistalkingtoyou,lookathimorher,listencarefullyandsaysomethingwhennecessary.Theunderlinedsentence“Noonecanliveacompletelyisolatedlife.”means“Noonecanliveahardlife.C.Noonecanlivewithoutdifficulty.Noonecanliveahardlife.C.Noonecanlivewithoutdifficulty.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.SuggestionsaboutmakingfriendsC.GettingtoknowothersNoonecanlivealone.Noonecanliveonanisland.AshowaboutfriendshipD.AdviceonhowtobecomesmarterHowcanpeopleshowthattheyarefriendlyandpolite?A.Byrememberingothers'names.B.Byunderstandingotherpeople'sideas.Byalwayssmilingatothers.D.Bylookingatotherswhentheyaretalking.Whyisitdifficultforsomepeopletomakefriends?A.Becausetheirlivesareemptyandsad.Becausetheyaretoooldtomakefriends.Becausetheydon'twanttomakethefirststep.Becausetheydon'twanttomoveoutoftheisland.WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutDaleCarnegie'sbook?A.Ithasfivechapters.B.Itwaswrittenin1963.ItcanonlybereadinEnglish.D.Ithasbeenboughtbymillionsofpeople.閱讀填空Streetartisaverypopularformofartthatisverypopularallovertheworld36Nowevenartmuseumsandgalleries（畫廊）arecollectingtheworksofstreetartists.Peopleoftenhavedifferentopinionsaboutstreetart37othersthinkitisaverybeautifulnewformofculture.Inthestreetartworld,graffiti（涂鴉）canbethemostpopular.ItbaganinNewYorkinthe1980s.Firstsomeyoun