ExercisestoPragmaticsExercisestoPragmatics1Pragmatics:1.WhatisPragmatics?2.WhydowehavetostudyPragmatics,sincewehavesemantics?3.Whatarethe4deixis?4.SpeechActTheory5.PerformativeandConstative6.ThetheoryofIllocutionaryAct7.CPPPPragmatics:22.Semanticsisthestudyofmeaningthatcomesfrom‘purelinguisticknowledge’Pragmaticsconcernsallthe‘a(chǎn)spectsofmeaningthatcannotbepretictedbylinguisticknowledgealoneandtakesintoaccountknowledgeaboutthephysicalandsocialworld.’Sopragmaticsisthestudyofmeaningthatisnotaccountedforinsemantics.2.Semanticsisthestudyofm31.AccordingtoC.MorrisandR.Carnap,_C____studiestherelationshipbetweensymbolsandtheirinterpretersofalistener.A.SyntaxB.SemanticsC.PragmaticsD.Sociolinguistics2.Thereare___A___deixisinthesentence“shehassoldithereyesterday.”.

A.3B.4C.5D.63.Wecandothingswithwords----thisisthemainideaof___A___.

A.theSpeechActTheory

B.theCo-operativeprinciplesC.thePoliteprinciplesD.pragmatics1.AccordingtoC.MorrisandR44.__A___referstotheutteranceofasentencewithdeterminatesenseandreference.

A.LocutionaryactB.IllocutionaryactC.PerlocutionaryactD.Speechact5.__C___maybeusedasanexampleofindirectspeechact.A.“I’lldeclareMr.Williamselectiontomorrow.”B.“Goodmorning!”

C.“couldyouopenthewindow?”D.“Icommandyoutoreportat6inthemorningtomorrow.”4.__A___referstotheutteran56.A:Let’sgetsomethingtokids.B:Okey,butnotI-C-EC-R-E-A-M-S.IntheconversationBvioletsthe__D___.A:QuantityMaximB.QualityMaximC.RelevanceMaximD.ClarityMaxim

7.A:Ireallylikethedinner.B:I’mvegetarian.Thereisa___C__violationintheconversation.A.QuantityB.Quality

C.RelevanceD.Clarity6.A:Let’sgetsomethingtok6

8.A:Howareyou?B:I’mdead.Thereisa___C__violationintheconversation.A.QuantityB.Quality

C.RelevanceD.Clarity9.A:Wouldyoulikeacocktail?It’smyowninvention.B:Well,mmmuhit’snotthatwedon’tdrink.Thereisa__C___violationintheconversation.A.QuantityB.Quality

C.RelevanceD.Clarity

8.A:Howareyou?710.A:AreyougoingtoSteve’sbarbecue?B:Abarbecueisanoutdoorparty.Thereisa__C___violationintheconversation.A.QuantityB.Quality

C.RelevanceC.Clarity11.Pragmaticsdiffersfromtraditionalsemanticsinthatitstudiesmeaningnotinisolation,butin___D__.A.relationshipB.dependenceC.sentenceD.context

10.A:AreyougoingtoSteve’812.Toanalyzethefollowingsentences___C___isPerformative.A.Youcongratulateme.B.Ienvyyou.

C.Icommandyoutoputoutthatcigarette.D.Iwarnedyounottogo.13.___B__actexpressestheintentionofthespeaker.A.LocutionaryB.Illocutionary

C.PerlocutionaryD.Speechact12.Toanalyzethefollowings914.A:DoyouknowwhereMr.Brownis?B:Somewhereinthesuburbsofthecity.SpeakerBviolatesthemaximof___A____.

A.quantityB.qualityC.RelevanceD.Clarity15.A:Thehostessisanawfulbore.Doyouthink?B:Therosesinthegardenarebeautiful,aren’tthey?SpeakerBviolatesthemaximof__C___.A.qualityB.quantity

C.RelevanceD.Clarity14.A:DoyouknowwhereMr.B1016.A:Thisbagisalittlebitheavy.B:Letmehelpyou.WhatistheillocutionaryactofspeakerA?A.Thisbagisheavy.B.Idon’twanttocarryitaway.C.Couldyouhelpmewiththisbag?D.I’mveryhappyaboutit.16.A:Thisbagisalittlebi1117.A:Thedresssheiswearingisbeautiful,isn’tit?B:Thepatternisnice.WhatcooperativemaximdoesspeakerBobserve?A.QualityB.Quantity

C.RelevanceD.Clarity17.A:Thedresssheiswearin1218.SpeechActTheorywasproposedby__A___inthelate50’softhe20thcentury.

A.JohnAustinB.JohnSearleC.PaulGriceD.Chomsky19.Oneofthecontributions_B___hasmadeishisclassificationofillocutionaryacts.A.JohnAustinB.JohnSearleC.PaulGriceD.Halliday18.SpeechActTheorywasprop1320.Cooperativeprinciplewasfoundby__A___.

A.PaulGriceB.JohnSearleC.JohnAustinD.Levinson21.AccordingtoAustin’sSpeechActtheory,theactualutteringofasentencewithaparticularmeaningiscalled___B___.A.PerlocutionaryB.locutionaryC.illocutionaryD.indirectspeech.20.Cooperativeprinciplewas1422.A(n)”__B___”meansthatsomesentences,intheutteranceandtheseemingperformanceofaspeechact,performacertainillocutionaryactindirectly.A.directspeechactB.indirectspeechact

C.illocutionaryactD.utterance23.The__A___providedgreatphilosophicalinsightintothenatureoflinguisticcommunication.

A.speechacttheoryB.CPtheoryC.communicativecompetenceD.linguisticcompetence

22.A(n)”__B___”meansthats1524.AccordingtoAustin,SpeechActsfallinto___C___generalcategories.A.fourB.twoC.threeD.five25.__A___resultedmainlyfromtheexpansionofthestudyoflinguistics,especiallythatofsemantics.

A.PragmaticsB.pragmatismC.phonologyD.Practicalism24.AccordingtoAustin,Speec1626.Oncethenotionof___D____wastakenintoconsideration,semanticsspilledintopragmatics.A.meaningB.contentC.formD.context27.__D__acttheoryisanimportantinthepragmaticstudyoflanguage.A.SpeakingB.SpokenC.SoundD.Speech

6語用練習(xí)課件1728.Alltheutterancesthatcanbemadetoservethesamepurposemayvaryintheir_A____form.

A.syntacticB.semanticC.grammaticalD.pragmatic29.Ofthethreeacts,Pragmatistsaremoreinterestedinthe__B_____.A.locutionaryactB.perlocutionaryact

C.illocutionaryactD.noneoftheabove

28.Alltheutterancesthatca1830.Themaximofqualityrequires,donotsaywhatyoubelievetobe__A___.

A.falseB.trueC.briefD.orderly31.MostoftheviolationsofthemaximsoftheCPgiveriseto__C___.A.utterancemeaningB.speechacttheory

C.conversationalimplicaturesD.alloftheabove32.PragmaticsisastudyofA.languagelearningB.languageacquisitionC.languageplanningD.languageinuse

30.Themaximofqualityrequi1933.ThesignificanceofGrice’sCPliesinthefactthatitexplainshowitispossibleforthespeakertoconvey___A___thatwhichisliterallysaid.

A.morethanB.lessthanC.thesameasD.noneoftheabove34.Ifasentenceisregardedaswhatpeopleactuallyutterinthecourseofcommunication,itbecomes___D___.A.asentenceB.anactC.aunitD.anutterance33.ThesignificanceofGrice’2035.Thepartoftheresponsetothespeechactedbytheheareris__C___.A.LocutionB.Illocution

C.PerlocutionD.Directaction36.__D___mayperformanactbutlaystressondescribingtheaction.A.SpeechActTheoryB.PerlocutionC.PerformativeD.Constative35.Thepartoftheresponset2137.A:Goodlucktoyou!B:Thankyou.WhatpolitenessprincipledoesspeakerAobserve?

A.GenerositymaximB.TactmaximC.ModestymaximD.Agreementmaxim37.A:Goodlucktoyou!2238.“Whatamarvelousdinneryoucooked!”Whatpolitenessmaximdoesthespeakeroftheutteranceobserve?A.Sympathymaxim

B.ApprobationmaximC.ModestymaximD.Agreementmaxim38.“Whatamarvelousdinnery2339.“IswearIhaveneverseenthemanbefore.”Thissentenceisa____.

A.performativeB.ConstativeC.indirectspeechD.procedure40.ConversationalImplicaturecanbe___.A.CalculabilityB.CancellabilityC.Non-ConventionalityD.allofabove39.“IswearIhaveneverseen24II.Trueorfalsequestions1.SpeechacttheorywasproposedbyAustinandhasbeendevelopedbyGrice.F2.Searlesuggests5basiccategoriesofillocutionaryactsasfollows:assertives,commissives,expressives,directiveanddeclaratives.T3.“Wecandothingswithwords”----thisisthemainideaoftheSpeechActTheory.TII.Trueorfalsequestions254.“Iherebydeclarewar”isthetypicalutteranceof“speechacttheory”.T5.Atfirst,Austinclassifiesutterancesintotwotypes:constativesandperformatives.T6.“Locution”meansthespeaker’sintention.F7.“Perlocution”isusedtobringeffectsonthehearer.T4.“Iherebydeclarewar”is268.“Canyoupassmethesalt,please?”isaquestion,butitisadirectspeechact.F9.Inacertainsensepragmaticsstudieshowwordsinfluencetheinterpretationofutterances.T10.“Pragmatics“isthestudyofmeaningthatisnotaccountedforinsemantics.T8.“Canyoupassmethesalt,2711.“InSemantics”thesentencemeaningshouldbestudied.T12.“Inpragmatics”theutterancemeaningshouldbestudied.T13.TheCPPrinciple,putforwardbyP.Grice,hasfourmaxims,forwritingaswellasspeaking.F14.Deixisisatechnicaltermforoneofthemostbasicthingswedowithutterances.T15.“What’sthat?”thatisalocationdeixis.F

11.“InSemantics”thesentenc28Pragmaticsisconcernedwiththestudyof_16____ascommunicatedbyaspeakerandinterpretedbyalistener.Ithasconsequently__17___todowiththeanalysisofwhatpeoplemeanbytheirutterancesthanwhatthewordsorphrasesinthoseutterancesmightmeanby__18__.__19___isthestudyofspeakermeaning.16.A.speechB.meaningC.utteranceD.communication17.A.lessB.impossibleC.possibleD.more18.A.itselfB.himselfC.themselvesD.yourself19.A.SemanticsB.ContextC.SyntaxD.PragmaticsPragmaticsisconcernedwitht29Ifsemanticsisthestudyof__1D__thatcomesfrom‘purelylinguisticknowledge’pragmaticsconcernsallthe‘__A__ofmeaningthatcannotbepredictedbylinguisticknowledgealoneandtakesintoaccountknowledgeaboutthephysicaland__3C__world’.Sopragmaticsisthestudyofmeaningthatisnotaccountedforin__4B__.

a)aspectsb)semanticsc)sociald)meaningIfsemanticsisthestudyof_30Semanticsand__1__arecomplementaryto__2__—hence‘complementarism’.AccordingtoMorris’strichotomy,__3__isthestudyof‘theformalrelationofsignstooneanother’,__4__isthestudyof‘therelationofsignstotheobjectstowhichthesignsareapplicable’,andpragmaticsisthestudyof‘therelationofsignsto__5__’.a)eachotherb)Pragmaticsc)semanticsd)interpreterse)syntaxSemanticsand__1__arecomplem312)Ifsemanticsisthestudyof__1__thatcomesfrom‘purelylinguisticknowledge’pragmaticsconcernsallthe‘__2__ofmeaningthatcannotbepredictedbylinguisticknowledgealoneandtakesintoaccountknowledgeaboutthephysicaland__3__world’.Sopragmaticsisthestudyofmeaningthatisnotaccountedforin__4__.a)aspectsb)semanticsc)sociald)meaning3)Semanticsand__1__arecomplementaryto__2__—hence‘complementarism’.AccordingtoMorris’strichotomy,__3__isthestudyof‘theformalrelationofsignstooneanother’,__4__isthestudyof‘therelationofsignstotheobjectstowhichthesignsareapplicable’,andpragmaticsisthestudyof‘therelationofsignsto__5__’.a)eachotherb)Pragmaticsc)semanticsd)interpreterse)syntax2)Ifsemanticsisthestudyo326語用練習(xí)課件33ExercisestoPragmaticsExercisestoPragmatics34Pragmatics:1.WhatisPragmatics?2.WhydowehavetostudyPragmatics,sincewehavesemantics?3.Whatarethe4deixis?4.SpeechActTheory5.PerformativeandConstative6.ThetheoryofIllocutionaryAct7.CPPPPragmatics:352.Semanticsisthestudyofmeaningthatcomesfrom‘purelinguisticknowledge’Pragmaticsconcernsallthe‘a(chǎn)spectsofmeaningthatcannotbepretictedbylinguisticknowledgealoneandtakesintoaccountknowledgeaboutthephysicalandsocialworld.’Sopragmaticsisthestudyofmeaningthatisnotaccountedforinsemantics.2.Semanticsisthestudyofm361.AccordingtoC.MorrisandR.Carnap,_C____studiestherelationshipbetweensymbolsandtheirinterpretersofalistener.A.SyntaxB.SemanticsC.PragmaticsD.Sociolinguistics2.Thereare___A___deixisinthesentence“shehassoldithereyesterday.”.

A.3B.4C.5D.63.Wecandothingswithwords----thisisthemainideaof___A___.

A.theSpeechActTheory

B.theCo-operativeprinciplesC.thePoliteprinciplesD.pragmatics1.AccordingtoC.MorrisandR374.__A___referstotheutteranceofasentencewithdeterminatesenseandreference.

A.LocutionaryactB.IllocutionaryactC.PerlocutionaryactD.Speechact5.__C___maybeusedasanexampleofindirectspeechact.A.“I’lldeclareMr.Williamselectiontomorrow.”B.“Goodmorning!”

C.“couldyouopenthewindow?”D.“Icommandyoutoreportat6inthemorningtomorrow.”4.__A___referstotheutteran386.A:Let’sgetsomethingtokids.B:Okey,butnotI-C-EC-R-E-A-M-S.IntheconversationBvioletsthe__D___.A:QuantityMaximB.QualityMaximC.RelevanceMaximD.ClarityMaxim

7.A:Ireallylikethedinner.B:I’mvegetarian.Thereisa___C__violationintheconversation.A.QuantityB.Quality

C.RelevanceD.Clarity6.A:Let’sgetsomethingtok39

8.A:Howareyou?B:I’mdead.Thereisa___C__violationintheconversation.A.QuantityB.Quality

C.RelevanceD.Clarity9.A:Wouldyoulikeacocktail?It’smyowninvention.B:Well,mmmuhit’snotthatwedon’tdrink.Thereisa__C___violationintheconversation.A.QuantityB.Quality

C.RelevanceD.Clarity

8.A:Howareyou?4010.A:AreyougoingtoSteve’sbarbecue?B:Abarbecueisanoutdoorparty.Thereisa__C___violationintheconversation.A.QuantityB.Quality

C.RelevanceC.Clarity11.Pragmaticsdiffersfromtraditionalsemanticsinthatitstudiesmeaningnotinisolation,butin___D__.A.relationshipB.dependenceC.sentenceD.context

10.A:AreyougoingtoSteve’4112.Toanalyzethefollowingsentences___C___isPerformative.A.Youcongratulateme.B.Ienvyyou.

C.Icommandyoutoputoutthatcigarette.D.Iwarnedyounottogo.13.___B__actexpressestheintentionofthespeaker.A.LocutionaryB.Illocutionary

C.PerlocutionaryD.Speechact12.Toanalyzethefollowings4214.A:DoyouknowwhereMr.Brownis?B:Somewhereinthesuburbsofthecity.SpeakerBviolatesthemaximof___A____.

A.quantityB.qualityC.RelevanceD.Clarity15.A:Thehostessisanawfulbore.Doyouthink?B:Therosesinthegardenarebeautiful,aren’tthey?SpeakerBviolatesthemaximof__C___.A.qualityB.quantity

C.RelevanceD.Clarity14.A:DoyouknowwhereMr.B4316.A:Thisbagisalittlebitheavy.B:Letmehelpyou.WhatistheillocutionaryactofspeakerA?A.Thisbagisheavy.B.Idon’twanttocarryitaway.C.Couldyouhelpmewiththisbag?D.I’mveryhappyaboutit.16.A:Thisbagisalittlebi4417.A:Thedresssheiswearingisbeautiful,isn’tit?B:Thepatternisnice.WhatcooperativemaximdoesspeakerBobserve?A.QualityB.Quantity

C.RelevanceD.Clarity17.A:Thedresssheiswearin4518.SpeechActTheorywasproposedby__A___inthelate50’softhe20thcentury.

A.JohnAustinB.JohnSearleC.PaulGriceD.Chomsky19.Oneofthecontributions_B___hasmadeishisclassificationofillocutionaryacts.A.JohnAustinB.JohnSearleC.PaulGriceD.Halliday18.SpeechActTheorywasprop4620.Cooperativeprinciplewasfoundby__A___.

A.PaulGriceB.JohnSearleC.JohnAustinD.Levinson21.AccordingtoAustin’sSpeechActtheory,theactualutteringofasentencewithaparticularmeaningiscalled___B___.A.PerlocutionaryB.locutionaryC.illocutionaryD.indirectspeech.20.Cooperativeprinciplewas4722.A(n)”__B___”meansthatsomesentences,intheutteranceandtheseemingperformanceofaspeechact,performacertainillocutionaryactindirectly.A.directspeechactB.indirectspeechact

C.illocutionaryactD.utterance23.The__A___providedgreatphilosophicalinsightintothenatureoflinguisticcommunication.

A.speechacttheoryB.CPtheoryC.communicativecompetenceD.linguisticcompetence

22.A(n)”__B___”meansthats4824.AccordingtoAustin,SpeechActsfallinto___C___generalcategories.A.fourB.twoC.threeD.five25.__A___resultedmainlyfromtheexpansionofthestudyoflinguistics,especiallythatofsemantics.

A.PragmaticsB.pragmatismC.phonologyD.Practicalism24.AccordingtoAustin,Speec4926.Oncethenotionof___D____wastakenintoconsideration,semanticsspilledintopragmatics.A.meaningB.contentC.formD.context27.__D__acttheoryisanimportantinthepragmaticstudyoflanguage.A.SpeakingB.SpokenC.SoundD.Speech

6語用練習(xí)課件5028.Alltheutterancesthatcanbemadetoservethesamepurposemayvaryintheir_A____form.

A.syntacticB.semanticC.grammaticalD.pragmatic29.Ofthethreeacts,Pragmatistsaremoreinterestedinthe__B_____.A.locutionaryactB.perlocutionaryact

C.illocutionaryactD.noneoftheabove

28.Alltheutterancesthatca5130.Themaximofqualityrequires,donotsaywhatyoubelievetobe__A___.

A.falseB.trueC.briefD.orderly31.MostoftheviolationsofthemaximsoftheCPgiveriseto__C___.A.utterancemeaningB.speechacttheory

C.conversationalimplicaturesD.alloftheabove32.PragmaticsisastudyofA.languagelearningB.languageacquisitionC.languageplanningD.languageinuse

30.Themaximofqualityrequi5233.ThesignificanceofGrice’sCPliesinthefactthatitexplainshowitispossibleforthespeakertoconvey___A___thatwhichisliterallysaid.

A.morethanB.lessthanC.thesameasD.noneoftheabove34.Ifasentenceisregardedaswhatpeopleactuallyutterinthecourseofcommunication,itbecomes___D___.A.asentenceB.anactC.aunitD.anutterance33.ThesignificanceofGrice’5335.Thepartoftheresponsetothespeechactedbytheheareris__C___.A.LocutionB.Illocution

C.PerlocutionD.Directaction36.__D___mayperformanactbutlaystressondescribingtheaction.A.SpeechActTheoryB.PerlocutionC.PerformativeD.Constative35.Thepartoftheresponset5437.A:Goodlucktoyou!B:Thankyou.WhatpolitenessprincipledoesspeakerAobserve?

A.GenerositymaximB.TactmaximC.ModestymaximD.Agreementmaxim37.A:Goodlucktoyou!5538.“Whatamarvelousdinneryoucooked!”Whatpolitenessmaximdoesthespeakeroftheutteranceobserve?A.Sympathymaxim

B.ApprobationmaximC.ModestymaximD.Agreementmaxim38.“Whatamarvelousdinnery5639.“IswearIhaveneverseenthemanbefore.”Thissentenceisa____.

A.performativeB.ConstativeC.indirectspeechD.procedure40.ConversationalImplicaturecanbe___.A.CalculabilityB.CancellabilityC.Non-ConventionalityD.allofabove39.“IswearIhaveneverseen57II.Trueorfalsequestions1.SpeechacttheorywasproposedbyAustinandhasbeendevelopedbyGrice.F2.Searlesuggests5basiccategoriesofillocutionaryactsasfollows:assertives,commissives,expressives,directiveanddeclaratives.T3.“Wecandothingswithwords”----thisisthemainideaoftheSpeechActTheory.TII.Trueorfalsequestions584.“Iherebydeclarewar”isthetypicalutteranceof“speechacttheory”.T5.Atfirst,Austinclassifiesutterancesintotwotypes:constativesandperformatives.T6.“Locution”meansthespeaker’sintention.F7.“Perlocution”isusedtobringeffectsonthehearer.T4.“Iherebydeclarewar”is598.“Canyoupassmethesalt,please?”isaquestion,butitisadirectspeechact.F9.Inacertainsensepragmaticsstudieshowwordsinfluencetheinterpretationofutterances.T10.“Pragmatics“isthestudyofmeaningthatisnotaccountedforinsemantics.T8.“Canyoupassmethesalt,6011.“InSemantics”thesentencemeaningshouldbestudied.T12.“Inpragmatics”theutterancemeaningshouldbestudied.T13.TheCPPrinciple,putforwardbyP.Grice,hasfourmaxims,forwritingaswellasspeaking.F14.Deixisisa