人教版必修二教案unit2Englisharoundtheworld1要點(diǎn)梳理高效梳理·知識(shí)備考●重點(diǎn)單詞1．officialadj.官方的；正式的；公務(wù)的→officen．辦公室→officern．官員2．voyagen．航行；航海3．nativeadj.本國的；本地的n．本地人；本國人4．a(chǎn)ctuallyadv.實(shí)際上；事實(shí)上5．base……為根據(jù)n.基部；基地；基礎(chǔ)→basicadj.基本的；基礎(chǔ)的6．gradualadj.逐漸的，逐步的→graduallyadv.逐漸地，逐步地7．identityn．本身；本體；身份→identicaladj.相同的，一樣的→identifyv．確定；認(rèn)出；鑒定8．fluentadj.流利的；流暢的→fluentlyadv.流利地，流暢地→fluencyn．流利，流暢9．frequentadj.頻繁的；常見的→frequentlyadv.常常；頻繁地→frequencyn．頻率；頻度10．usagen．使用；用法；詞語慣用法→useful→usen.&v．使用，利用11．commandn.&vt.命令；指令；掌握→commandern．指揮員，司令員12．requestn．&vt.請求；要求13．expressionn．詞語；表示；表達(dá)→expressv．表達(dá)→expressiveadj.富于表情的；有表現(xiàn)力的14．recognizevt.辨認(rèn)出；承認(rèn)；公認(rèn)→recognizableadj.容易認(rèn)出的；易于識(shí)別的→recognitionn．認(rèn)出；認(rèn)識(shí)；識(shí)別15．a(chǎn)ccentn．口音；腔調(diào)；重音16．lightningn．閃電17．straightadv.直接地；挺直地adj.直的；筆直的；正直的●重點(diǎn)短語1．becauseof由于；因?yàn)?．comeup走近；上來3．a(chǎn)tpresent現(xiàn)在；目前4．makeuseof利用5．suchas例如……；像這種的6．playapartin扮演一個(gè)角色；參與7．everbefore從前8．evenif/though即使9．bebasedon以……為基礎(chǔ)10．overtime長期以來11．intheearlydays在早期12．thesameas相同于●重點(diǎn)句型1．Today,morepeoplespeakEnglishastheirfirst,secondoraforeignlanguagethaneverbefore.如今說英語的人比以往任何時(shí)候都多，他們有的把英語作為第一語言來說，有的把它作為第二語言或外語。2．NativeEnglishspeakerscanunderstandeachothereven

iftheydon’tspeakthesamekindofEnglish.以英語為母語的人，即使他們所講的語言不盡相同，也可以相互交流。3．Believe

it

or

not,_thereisno

suchthingasstandardEnglish.信不信由你，(世界上)沒有什么標(biāo)準(zhǔn)英語?！窀呖挤段?2009·全國卷Ⅱ)假定你是李華，你的美國朋友Sarah打算暑期來北京旅游，來信詢問改建后前門大街的情況。請你寫封回信，簡單介紹以下內(nèi)容：1.簡況：長800余米、600多年歷史、300余家商鋪；2.位置：天安門廣場南面；3.交通：公共汽車17、69、59等路，地鐵2號(hào)線；4.特色：步行街、當(dāng)當(dāng)車、茶館、劇院等。參考詞匯：步行街pedestrianstreet當(dāng)當(dāng)車trolleycar地鐵subway注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右，開頭語已為你寫好；2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。DearSarah，ThankyouforyouletteraskingabouttherebuiltQianmenstreet.Hereissomethingaboutit.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours，LiHua

[范文]Dear

Sarah,

Thankyou

for

your

letter

asking

about

the

rebuilt

Qianmen

street.

Here

is

something

about

it.Itismorethan800meterslongwithahistoryofover600yearsand300shopsaroundit.ItliessouthoftheTian'anmenSquareanditstrafficisveryconvenient.YoucantakeseveralbusessuchasNo.17,69,59,etc.togetthere.YoucanalsotakeNo.2subway.Therearemanyattractionshere.Forexample,youcanwalkonthepedestrianstreettoexperiencetherichcultureofBeijingandbuysomethingyoulike.Youcanalsotaketrolleycartogowhereveryou'dliketo.Besides,therearesometeashopsandtheaterswhereyoucanrelaxyourselfaftersomewalk.Lookingforwardtoyourcoming.Yours，Li_Hua考點(diǎn)探究互動(dòng)探究·能力備考Ⅰ.詞匯短語過關(guān)1．nativeadj.本地的，出生地的；天賦的n.本地人；出生于某國的人benativeto...原產(chǎn)于某地one’snativecountry/land本國，祖國nativeplace出生地one’snativelanguage本國語，本族語，母語anativeof當(dāng)?shù)厝?產(chǎn)于……的動(dòng)/植物[即學(xué)即練1](1)Chinaisour____________，andChineseisour____________.中國是我們的祖國，漢語是我們的母語。(2)Thetiger__________________India.這種虎產(chǎn)于印度。(3)Heis__________________Beijing.他是北京人。nativecountrynativelanguageisnativetoanativeof2．basevt.以……為根據(jù)n．基部；基地；基礎(chǔ)basesth.on/uponsth.以……為基礎(chǔ)(或根據(jù))basesb./sth./oneselfin以……為據(jù)點(diǎn)(或總部等)，把(總部等)設(shè)在thebaseofacolumn/glass/pyramid柱基/玻璃杯底/金字塔底座amilitary/navalbase軍事/海軍基地[即學(xué)即練2](1)Whatareyou______thistheory______？你這種理論的根據(jù)是什么？(2)Theydecidedto______thenewcompany______NewYork.他們決定將新成立的公司總部設(shè)在紐約。(3)Thet0ownisanideal______fortouringthearea.這個(gè)鎮(zhèn)子是在這一地區(qū)旅游觀光的理想地點(diǎn)。basingonbaseinbase3．commandn．[C]命令；指令[U]掌握vt.&vi.命令；指揮；支配atone’scommand隨心所欲地at/byone’scommand奉某人之命incommandof指揮；統(tǒng)帥underone’scommand由……指揮takecommandof擔(dān)任……的指揮haveagoodcommandof很好地掌握commandthat...(should)do...命令……[即學(xué)即練3](1)Thearmyis______________________________.軍隊(duì)由國王直接統(tǒng)率。(2)She______________________________theGermanlanguage.她精通德語。(3)Hecommandedus____________immediately.＝Hecommandedthatwe____________immediately.他命令我們馬上離開。undertheking’scommandhasagoodcommandoftoleaveshouldleave4．requestn.&vt.請求，要求requestthatsb.(should)dosth.請求……It’srequestedthat...據(jù)要求……atone’srequestbeinrequest有需要，受歡迎makearequestforsth.請求，要求……[即學(xué)即練4](1)Thesematerialsare____________________.急需這些材料。(2)She________________________somewater.她請求給點(diǎn)水。(3)MayI______yourattention？請你們注意一下好嗎？(4)Irequest(ofhim)thathe____________.我要求他離開。(5)Visitorsarerequested__________________thepaintings.游客不許動(dòng)油畫。ingreatrequestMadearequestforrequestshouldleavenottotouch5．recognizevt.辨認(rèn)出；承認(rèn)recognitionn．認(rèn)出，識(shí)別recognizesb./sth.by/from...根據(jù)……認(rèn)出某人/事(物)recognizesb./sth.as/tobe...承認(rèn)某人(物)是……It’srecognizedthat...人們公認(rèn)……outof/beyondrecognition認(rèn)不出來[即學(xué)即練5](1)I____________Mary______hervoiceonthephone.我在電話中根據(jù)聲音辨認(rèn)出是瑪麗。(2)Lawrence’snovel______eventually___________________/____________aworkofgenius.勞倫斯的小說最后被認(rèn)為是天才的作品。(3)________________________environmentpollutionhasbecomeoneofthemostseriousproblems.人們一致認(rèn)為環(huán)境污染已經(jīng)成了最嚴(yán)重的問題之一。recognizedbywasrecognizedastobeItisrecognizedthat6．becauseof因?yàn)?，由于becauseof是介詞短語，后跟名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞。because是連詞，后跟從句。[即學(xué)即練6](1)Hewasabsentnot____________hisillness,but_____________hisfatherdied.他缺席不是因?yàn)樗?，而是因?yàn)樗赣H去世了。(2)Itwas__________________thathehadgoneabroad.就是為了她，他才出國的。becauseofbecausebecauseofher(3)Herealizedthatshewascryingbecauseof________________________.他意識(shí)到她哭是因?yàn)樗f的那些話的緣故。(4)Becauseof________________________，Isaidnothingabouthermistake.因?yàn)樗煞蛟趫?，對她的錯(cuò)誤我就沒說什么。whathehadsaidherhusband’sbeingthere7．comeup走近；(植物)長出地面；(太陽)升起；出現(xiàn)；被提及(1)＝comeforward走近；趕上；上來(2)＝rise;cometoahigherplace(esp.thesun,themoon)(太陽、月亮)升起(3)＝bebroughtupfordiscussion;bementioned被提出討論，被談到；引起注意(4)＝occur/happen(尤指意想不到地)發(fā)生(5)＝presentoneself出席，參加，到場(6)＝appearabovethesoil;begintogrow露出地面，發(fā)芽[即學(xué)即練7]寫出下列各句中comeup的意思。發(fā)生走近；走上來被提出討論升起發(fā)芽到場拓展：comeupwith想出；提出comeabout發(fā)生comeacross偶遇；偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)(＝comeupon)comealong一道來；一起去；進(jìn)步；趕快comeback回來；記起comeon(風(fēng)、雨等)到來；演出；趕快；得了吧comeout出版；出來，出現(xiàn)；結(jié)果是cometo蘇醒；總計(jì)；達(dá)到；談到8．makeuseof利用；使用makefulluseof充分利用makethebestuseof盡量利用makegooduseof好好利用，合理利用makelittleuseof沒有很好地利用[即學(xué)即練8](1)Weshould____________________everyminutetolearnwell.我們應(yīng)該充分利用每一分鐘好好學(xué)習(xí)。(2)Ourfactory______________________________robots.我們工廠正越來越多地使用機(jī)器人。makegooduseofismakingincreasinguseof拓展：beofgreatuse很有用gooutofuse不被使用，廢棄comeintouse開始被使用beinuse在使用中bring/put...touse加以使用【注意】在學(xué)習(xí)語言的過程中應(yīng)注意語言的活用以及詞的搭配。Howmuchdoyouknowabouttheusethatwehavemade_ofthemoney？(句子中use做先行詞，關(guān)系代詞that代替use，在定語從句中做make的賓語。)我們對錢的使用情況你了解多少？9．playarole/partin在……中擔(dān)任角色；在……中起作用playanimportantrole/partin在……方面起重要作用playtheroleofsb.＝play/actthepartofsb.(在劇中)扮演某人的角色playtheleadingrole起主要(帶頭)作用[即學(xué)即練9](1)Scienceandtechnology______________________________developingagriculture.科技在發(fā)展農(nóng)業(yè)中起重要作用。(2)Hewill________________________thedoctorinmylatestdrama.他將在我最新的戲里出演醫(yī)生的角色。playsanimportantrole/partinplay/acttherole/partof【提示】playarole/partin是“動(dòng)詞＋名詞＋介詞”構(gòu)成的動(dòng)詞短語，這類短語有兩個(gè)重要考點(diǎn)：(1)用名詞做主語，用于被動(dòng)句；(2)用名詞做先行詞，用于定語從句。類似短語有：makeuseof,payattentionto等。Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)句型詳解1．NativeEnglishspeakerscanunderstandeachothereven

iftheydon'tspeakthesamekindofEnglish.以英語作為母語的人，即使他們所說的英語不盡相同，也可以相互交流。句中evenif相當(dāng)于eventhough,意為“即使；盡管”，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。evenif/though引導(dǎo)的從句中可用現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替將來時(shí)。①Evenifyoudon'tlikeflowers,youshouldn'tmisstheflowerexhibition.即使你不喜歡花，這次花展你也不應(yīng)錯(cuò)過。②Wehavedecidedtovisitthemuseumevenifitrainstomorrow.我們決定明天去參觀博物館，即使下雨。拓展：(1)引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句的引導(dǎo)詞還有although,though,nomatterwhen/what...,whenever,wherever,however等等。(2)as也可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，但要把其表語、謂語或賓語前置，且前置的單數(shù)名詞不可以加冠詞。①Eventhoughyouachievegreatsuccessinyourwork,youshouldnotbeconceited.即使你們在工作中取得了巨大的成績，也不應(yīng)該自滿。②Whateveryoudo,doitwell.不管你做什么，把它做好。③Howeverhotitis,hewon'ttakeoffhishat.不管多熱，他都不摘下帽子。④Girlassheis,shecangoaloneinthedarkness.盡管她是個(gè)女孩，她敢一個(gè)人走夜路。[即境活用1](2007·浙江)Manyofthemturnedadeafeartohisadvice,______theyknewittobevaluable.A．a(chǎn)sifB．nowthatC．eventhoughD．sothat解析：eventhough＝evenif“即使”，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。答案：C2．Believeitornot,thereisnosuchthingasstandardEnglish.信不信由你，(世界上)沒有什么標(biāo)準(zhǔn)英語。(1)believeitornot信不信由你。常在句中做插入語。(2)nosuchthing沒有這樣的事情。such與all,no,some,any,few,little,many,much,several,one等詞連用時(shí)，應(yīng)位于它們的后面。①Believeitornot,herefusedtoacceptouroffer.信不信由你，他拒絕接受我們的幫助。②Thereisnosuchstreetinthecity.這城市沒有那樣的街道。③Hesaidhedidn'thavetimeormadesomesuchexcuse.他說他沒有時(shí)間或別的諸如此類的借口。[即境活用2](2009·安徽)I’mamazedtohearfrommyschoolteacheragain.______，itistenyearssincewemetlast.A．Inaword B．What’smoreC．That’stosay D．Believeitornot解析：句意：想不到又一次收到學(xué)校老師的來信，信不信由你，我們上次見面還是在十年前。inaword總之；what’smore而且；that’stosay也就是說；believeitornot信不信由你。答案：D易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥自我完善·誤區(qū)備考1.recognize/realize/know(1)recognize指原來很熟悉，經(jīng)過一段時(shí)間的間隔或別的原因后又重新認(rèn)出來。(2)realize強(qiáng)調(diào)在經(jīng)過一個(gè)過程后的了解。(3)know是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，指互相間十分熟悉、十分了解。[應(yīng)用1](1)Onlyafteryouloseyourhealthwillyou____________theimportanceofhealth.(2)I've________________Tomforyears.(3)I__________himassoonashecameintotheroom.realizeknownrecognized2.suchas/forexample/thatis/andsoon(1)suchas用于列舉事物時(shí)常放在所列舉事物與前面的名詞之間，且其后不用逗號(hào)，直接跟所列舉的事物，可與like互換。它所列舉的事物的數(shù)量不能等同于前面所提的事物的總和，否則就用thatis或namely。(2)forexample主要用于舉例說明，其前后多用符號(hào)隔開。其位置比較靈活，可位于句首、句中或句末(suchas只能位于所列舉的事物之前)。(3)thatis相當(dāng)于namely，它所列舉的事物的總量等于前面所提到的事物的總和。(4)andsoon對幾個(gè)事物進(jìn)行列舉時(shí)，在說了其中的幾個(gè)以后，用．..andsoon進(jìn)行概括，說明還有例子，但不一一列出了。[應(yīng)用2](1)Mydaughterstudiesfoursubjectsinschool,____________，Chinese,maths,EnglishandP．E.(2)Overcooking,____________，destroysmanynutrients.(3)Hecanspeaksomeotherlanguages,____________FrenchandGerman.(4)Therearesomebooks,pens,erasers____________inmybag.thatisforexamplesuchasandsoon3.with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)[應(yīng)用3](1)—Comeon,pleasegivemesomeideasabouttheproject.—Sorry.Withsomuchwork______mymind,Ialmostbreakdown.A．filled B．fillingC．tofill D．beingfilled解析：with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中，work和fill是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，且表示正在進(jìn)行，因此其后要用doing結(jié)構(gòu)。答案：B(2)Johnreceivedaninvitationtodinner,andwithhiswork______，hegladlyacceptedit.A．finished B．finishingC．havingfinished D．wasfinished解析：根據(jù)work和finish是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，可以判斷出答案。答案：A(3)______twoexamstoworryabout,Ihavetoworkreallyhardthisweekend.A．With B．BesidesC．Asfor D．Becauseof解析：根據(jù)句意，此處應(yīng)采用“with＋賓語＋不定式”。答案：A(4)Itwascoldoutside,theboyranintotheroom______hisnosered.A．to B．onC．in D．with解析：這個(gè)句子考查with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的用法，用“with＋名詞＋形容詞”做狀語表示伴隨情況。而to、on、in作為介詞則沒有這種用法，故排除A、B、C，答案為D。句意是：外面天氣很冷，那個(gè)男孩跑進(jìn)了屋子時(shí)，鼻子紅紅的。答案：D高效作業(yè) 自我測評(píng)·技能備考Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1．Alotofstudentsp_______________atthemeetingtookpartinthediscussion.2．Thetalltreewasstruckbyl___________andbroke.3．Therobberwascaughtwhenhewasfillinghiscarwithp__________atthefillingstation.4．Goupinane_______________tothefifthfloor.5．Helookedcalm,buta__________hewasverynervous.presentlightningpetrolelevatoractually6．Intheword“happy”the_________(重音)isonthefirstsyllable.7．Hehasapoor_________________(詞匯),sohecan'texpresshimselfcorrectly.8．Thegentlemendisclosedtheirown__________(身份)．9．AnyonewhowantstolearnEnglishwellmustrememberthe___________(慣用法)ofEnglish.10．Thoughheisnota___________(本國的)Englishspeaker,hecanspeakEnglishveryfluently.accentvocabularyidentitiesusagenativeⅡ.單項(xiàng)選擇1．(2009·安徽卷)－Doyouthinkit’sagoodideatomakefriendswithyourstudents?－______，Ido.Ithinkit’sagreatidea.A．Really B．Obviously C．Actually D．Generally答案：C解析：考查副詞。really真正地；obviously明顯地；actually實(shí)際上；generally大體上。actually在句中起加強(qiáng)語氣的作用，相當(dāng)于sure，certainly,ofcourse。2．Hisunclemadeafilm______hisstoryinhischildhood.A．basedon B．wasbasedonC．basingon D．tobaseon答案：A解析：basedon為過去分詞短語，在句中做后置定語修飾afilm。3．(2010·山東濰坊質(zhì)量監(jiān)測)Itcouldbejudgedfromhereyes______shewasverysatisfiedwithherperformance.A．what B．whichC．that D．where答案：C解析：考查名詞性從句。語意為：她對她的表現(xiàn)很滿意，這可以從她的眼睛里判斷出來。It是形式主語，that引導(dǎo)的從句是真正的主句。4．Themoneycollectedshouldbemadegooduse______thepeopleinSichuanProvincewhosufferedalotintheearthquake.A．ofhelping B．tohelpC．tohelping D．oftohelp答案：D解析：make(good)useof“(好好)利用”，變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)時(shí)態(tài)即bemadeuseof；句中tohelpthepeople...為不定式做目的狀語。5．DuringtheflighttotheMoon,Chang’eISatellite______adjustsherdirectionsothatshecangointoherprogrammedorbitandthencirclearounditatthemostappropriateangle(角度)．A．eventually B．graduallyC．constantly D．continuously答案：B解析：考查副詞詞義辨析。句意為：在飛往月球的途中，嫦娥一號(hào)衛(wèi)星逐漸調(diào)整她的方向以便能進(jìn)入預(yù)定的軌道并以合適的角度繞其運(yùn)行。A.最終；B.逐漸地；C.不斷地；D.繼續(xù)地。6．I’mChineseandIdofeel______Chineselanguageis______mostbeautifullanguage.What’syouropinion?A．the;a B．/;theC．the;/ D．/;a答案：A解析：第一空需填the，指“漢語”；第二空填a,amostbeautifullanguage是泛指，其中most相當(dāng)于very。7．______asaseriousproblematpresent,ithasdrawnalotofpeople’sattention.A．Recognize B．RecognizedC．Beingrecognized D．Havingrecognized答案：B解析：berecognizedas“被認(rèn)為是……”；句中recognized為過去分詞做狀語。8．Thearmyreceivedacommandthatthey______tothefrontimmediately.A．wouldmarch B．mustmarchC．shouldmarch D．weremarching答案：C解析：command“命令”，其that從句中用“(should)＋動(dòng)詞原形”。9．Thenewly－foundedchessclubformally______ustoattendtheopeningceremony.A．requested B．requiredC．demanded D．commanded答案：A解析：表示正式委婉的請求用request。10．(2009·江西一模)Films,______theoneyoutoldmeaboutyesterdayortheonethatwillbeon,______notworthseeing.A．including;is B．a(chǎn)swellas;areC．besides;is D．suchas;are答案：D解析：suchas用于列舉事物。又因?yàn)橹髡Z為復(fù)數(shù)，第二空格用are，故選D。本句譯為：像你昨天告訴我的電影，以及即將上映的，都不值得看。11．ThepartthatChina______intheinternationalaffairs______intheinternationalsociety.A．plays;iswidelypraisedB．plays;iswidepraisedC．takes;widelypraisedD．takes;widepraised答案：A解析：第一空考查短語playapartin;第二空考查被動(dòng)語態(tài)。12．______，asleepydriverkilledtwenty－twostudentsandteachersinatrafficaccidentinShanxiProvince.A．What'smore B．AfterallC．Believeitornot D．Moreorless答案：C解析：考查固定短語。13．Manystudentsmakegreatprogressinlistening______thelargeamountoftimedevotedtoit.A．becauseof B．insteadofC．incaseof D．inspiteof答案：A解析：考查介詞短語。becauseof“因?yàn)椤薄?4．—Oh,it'syou!I______you.—I'vejusthadmyhaircut,andI'mwearingnewglasses.A．didn'trecognize B．didn'tknowC．haven'trecognized D．haven'tknown答案：A解析：句中表示“剛剛沒有認(rèn)出某人”用didn'trecognize。15．Hewon'tchangehismind______yougoandtrytopersuadehimyourself.A．since B．untilC．a(chǎn)sif D．evenif答案：D解析：考查evenif引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。Ⅲ.閱讀理解AOneofthekeystobeingsuccessfulinwhatyoudoispersistence.Onceyouhavedeterminedexactlywhatyouwanttoachieve,youmusttakemassiveactiononaconstantbasisinordertosucceed.Oneofthethingsyou'llnoticeonyourjourneytowardsyourgoalisroadblocks.Thatis,youwillcomeacrossobstaclesthatseemtojumpoutofnowhereinanattempttodiscourageyourprogress.Actually,theyareapartoflife.Everyonewouldhaveeverysuccessthateverwantediftherewerenoobstacles.Yourjobistobepersistentandworkthroughobstacles.Ifyoufindlittleornoobstaclesalongtheway,youarenotreallychallengingyourself.Andwhenyoudoreachyourgoal,youwon'texperiencethefeelingof“sweetsuccess”.Makeyourgoalachallengingone!Ifyoutakethetimetostudyasuccessfulperson,youwilllearnthatthevastmajorityofthemhavehadmore“failures” thantheyhavehad“successes”. Thisisbecausesuccessfulpeoplearepersistent;themoretheystumble,_themoretheygetrightbackupandtryagain.Ontheotherhand,peoplewhodon'tgetbackupandtryagainneverreachsuccess.Forexample,WaltDisneywasturneddown302timesbeforehegotfinancingforhisdreamofcreatingthe“HappiestPlaceonEarth”.Today,duetohispersistence,millionsofpeoplehaveshared“thejoyofDisney”.ColonelSandersspenttwoyearsdrivingacrosstheUnitedStateslookingforrestaurantstobuyhischickenrecipe.Hewasturneddown1009times!HowsuccessfulisKentuckyFriedChickentoday!Havingknownthesefacts,keepinmindthatyoumustconstantlyreevaluateyourcircumstancesandtheapproachyouareusingtoreachyourgoal.Thereisnosenseinbeingpersistentatsomethingthatyouaredoingincorrectly!Sometimesyouhavetomodifyyourapproachalongtheway.Everytimeyoudosomethingyoulearnfromit,andthereforefindabetterwaytodoitthenexttime.Todayisthedaytobeginyourjourney,usingconsistencyandpersistency,towardstomorrow'ssuccesses!1.Theauthorseemstobelievethat______.A.challengeswecomeacrossarerewardingB.“sweetsuccess”comesalongwithobstaclesC.themoreobstacleswehave,thebetterwefeelD.wewillreachourgoalbychallengingourselves答案及解析：1．B。推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段的最后三句可知，作者認(rèn)為：遇到困難挑戰(zhàn)自己，才能體驗(yàn)到成功的甜蜜。2.Thereasonwhypersistentpeoplearesuccessfulisthat______.A.theyexperiencealotoffailuresB.theyareborntobeverystubbornC.theyhavegreatambitionsinmindD.theydon'tgiveupinfaceoffailure答案及解析：2．D。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段，堅(jiān)持不懈的人最終能取得成功的原因在于他們面臨失敗的時(shí)候，不輕言放棄，而是持之以恒向著目標(biāo)努力。3.WhydidColonelSandersspendtwoyearsdrivingacrosstheUnitedStates?A.TocountthenumberoftherestaurantsinAmerica.B.Totastedifferentfoodsandfindspecialrecipes.C.Tofindrestaurantsandsellrecipesforfriedchicken.D.ToopenmoreKentuckyFriedChickenchainstores.答案及解析：3．C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第三段的倒數(shù)第三句說明ColonelSander用兩年的時(shí)間驅(qū)車去尋訪美國的餐館是為了銷售炸雞的配方。4.Thewordunderlinedinthethirdparagraphmaybemeans“______”．A.withdraw B.achieveC.sprawl D.fall答案及解析：4．D。猜測詞義題。根據(jù)前句“thevastmajorityofthemhavehadmore‘failures’ thantheyhavehad‘successes’”可知作者是在講述成功人士經(jīng)歷了很多的失敗或者跌倒。5.Whatdoestheauthoradviseustodoinparagraph4?A.Toconfirmwhetheryourgoalispractical.B.Tomodifyyourapproachfromtimetotime.C.Tochangeourcircumstancesconstantly.D.Tolearnfromourpastmistakes.答案及解析：5．B。主旨大意題。在第四段作者建議我們要依據(jù)環(huán)境調(diào)整做事的方法。只有方法得當(dāng)，才能取得理想的效果。BEveryonebecomesalittlemoreforgetfulastheygetolder,butmen'smindsdeclinemorethanwomen's,accordingtotheresultsofaworldwidesurvey.Certaindifferencesseemtobeinherentinmaleandfemalebrains:Menarebetteratmaintaininganddealingwithmentalimages(usefulinmathematicalreasoningandspatialskills),whilewomentendtoexcel(擅長)atrecallinginformationfromtheirbrain'sfiles(helpfulwithlanguageskillsandrememberingthelocationsofobjects).

Manystudieshavelookedforaconnectionbetweensexandtheamountofmentaldecline(衰退)peopleexperienceastheyage,buttheresultshavebeenmixed.Somestudiesfoundmoreage－relateddeclineinmenthaninwomen,whileotherssawtheoppositeorevennorelationshipatallbetweensexandmentaldecline.Thoseresultscouldbeimproperbecausethestudiesinvolvedolderpeople,andwomenlive