PYGMALIONDoyouknowthefamousactress?Canyounamesomefilmswhichsheactedin?窈窕淑女(MyFairLady)1964年Questions:HaveyouseenthefilmMyFairLady?Whowrotetheplay?GeorgeBernardShawDoyouknowsomethingaboutShaw?GeorgeBernardShaw(1856-1950)

aIrishdramatist,aliterarycritic,

asocialistspokesman,aleadingfigureinthe20thcenturytheater.afreethinker,defenderofwomen’srights,andadvocateofequalityofincome.

BorninDublinin1856toamiddle-classProtestantfamily.HemarriedCharlottePayne-Townshendin1898,butitisknownthathenevertouchedheronce.Heflirtedwithbeautifulwomenbutneverhadfurthercommittedrelations.HewasmemberofFabianSociety,amiddle-classsocialistgroupthataimedatthetransformationofEnglishgovernmentandsociety.

LiteraryCareerandAchievements

thesecondgreatestEnglishplaywrightbehindonlyShakespeare“adayneverpasseswithoutaperformanceofsomeShawplaybeinggivensomewhereintheworld.”hisworksincluding:60plays,5novels,3volumesofmusiccriticism,4volumesofdanceandtheatricalcriticism,andheapsofsocialcommentary,politicaltheory,andcorrespondence.OneofShaw’sgreatestcontributionsasamoderndramatistisinestablishingdramaasseriousliterature,nolessimportantthanthenovel.

In1925hewasawardedtheNobelPrizeforliterature.Shawacceptedthehonorbutrefusedthemoney.Hewasaveryhumorousplaywright.TheFairLadybyGeorgeBernardShawisanadaptationofaGreekstory.Doyouknowthestory?Pygmalion,agiftedartist,makesastonestatueofabeautifulwoman.HeaskstheGreekGoddesstobringhertolife.Hiswishisgranted.Doyouheardof“thePygmalionEffect”?ThePygmalionEffect

(皮格馬利翁效應(yīng))

isthatpeopletendtobehaveasyouexpecttheywill.Ifyouexpectapersontotakeresponsibility,theyprobablywill.Ifyouexpectthemnottoeventry,theyprobablywon’t.ThePygmalionMyth

ItderivesitsnamefromthefamousstoryinOvid’sMetamorphoses(奧德維變形記）.Pygmalionisdisgustedbythelooseandshamefullivesofthewomeninhisera,womenofAmathus,thefirstwomentobecomeprostitutes,anddecidestolivealoneandunmarried.Withwondrousart,hecreatesabeautifulstatueinivory,Galatea,representingfeminineideal.

WhenPygmalionreturnshome,hekisseshisstatueandisdelightedtofindthatsheiswarmandsofttotouch.“Themaidenfeltthekisses,blushedandliftinghertimideyesuptothelight,sawtheskyandherloveratthesametime.”

FatefulmeetingsMaincharactersElizaDoolittle(E):apoorflowergirlwhoisambitioustoimproveherself.ProfessorHiggins(H):anexpertinphonetics,convincedthatthequalityofaperson’sEnglishdecideshis/herpositioninsociety.ColonelPickering(P):anofficerinthearmyandlaterafriendofHiggins’whosetshimatask.LowerclassLanguage:callsgentleman“sir”and___________(orcaptain)whichisacompliment（贊揚(yáng)）Behaviour:_______topeopleofhigherclassComprehendingrespectful“cap’in”Language:callsEliza“___________”andPickering“________________”Behaviour:_____tolowerclass;_____tosameorupperclassMiddleclassrudepoliteyousillygirlmydearmanUpperclassLanguage:preparedtobegina__________withHenry,whomhedoesnotknow;generouswithpraisetohim.Behaviour:generallyconfidentand______;but_______Elizapoliteignoresconversation在這一幕中,蕭伯納除了應(yīng)用笑劇性的動(dòng)作之外,更運(yùn)用

了調(diào)皮話(huà)、幽默短句、反說(shuō)等舞臺(tái)對(duì)話(huà),來(lái)增強(qiáng)戲劇的諷刺效果Higgins:Nonsense!IknowIhavenosmalltalk;butpeopledon'tmind.(希金斯:沒(méi)有的話(huà)!我知道我不會(huì)應(yīng)酬,可是別人也不在乎。Mrs.Higgins:Oh,don'tthey?Smalltalkindeed!Whataboutyourlargetalk?…(希金斯太太:不在乎?不是會(huì)不會(huì)說(shuō)應(yīng)酬話(huà)的問(wèn)題,你的大議論別人真受不了。Liza:Walk!Notbloodylikely.I'mgoinginataxi.(伊麗莎:散步!我他媽的才不呢。我要坐汽車(chē)回去呢!)Higgins:Good-bye,besureyoutryonthatsmalltalkatthethreeat-homes.Don'tbenervousaboutit.Pinchitinstrong.(希金斯:再見(jiàn),在那三個(gè)茶會(huì)上你一定要試試這種時(shí)髦話(huà)。不要膽怯,盡管說(shuō)。)Clara:Iwill.Good