ui2023年考研英語（一）真題 10SectionIUseofEnglish 10SectionIIReadingComprehension 12PartA 12PartB 21PartC 24SectionIIIWriting 25PartA 26PartB 262023考研英語（一）答案 26SectionIUseofEnglish 26SectionIIReadingComprehension 30SectionIIIWriting 382023年考研英語（一）試題 40SectionIUseofEnglish 40SectionIIReadingComprehension 41PartA 41PartB 50PartC 51SectionIIIWriting 53PartA 53PartB 532023考研英語（一）答案 55SectionI 55SectionIIReadingComprehension 59作文 722023考研英語(一)試題 76SectionI

UseofEnglish 76SectionII

ReadingComprehension 77PartA 77PartB 86PartC 88SectionⅢWriting 89PartA 89PartB 892023考研英語（一）答案 91SectionIUseofEnglish 91SectionIIReadingComprehension 93SectionIIIWriting 992023年考研英語（一）試題 102SectionI UseofEnglish 102SectionII ReadingComprehension 103PartA 103PartB 110PartC 111SectionⅢ Writing 112PartA 112PartB 1122023年考研英語（一）試題 114SectionI UseofEnglish 114SectionII Readingcomprehension 115PartA 115PartB 122PartC 123SectionⅢ Writing 123PartA 123PartB 1242023年考研英語（一）答案 125SectionI:UseofEnglish(10points) 125SectionII:ReadingComprehension(60points) 125SectionIII:Writing(30points) 1252023年考研英語（一）試題 127SectionI UseofEnglish 127SectionII ReadingComprehension 128PartA 128PartB 135PartC 136SectionIII Writing 137PartA 137PartB 1372023年考研英語（一）答案 139SectionI:UseofEnglish(10points) 139SectionII:ReadingComprehension(60points) 139SectionIII:Writing(30points) 1392023年考研英語（一）試題 141SectionI UseofEnglish 141SectionII ReadingComprehension 145PartA 145PartB 152PartC 154SectionIII Writing 155PartA 155PartB 1552023年考研英語（一）答案 157SectionI:UseofEnglish(10points) 157SectionII:ReadingComprehension(60points) 157SectionIII:Writing(30points) 1572023年考研英語（一）試題 159SectionI UseofEnglish 159SectionII ReadingComprehension 163PartA 163PartB 171PartC 172SectionIII Writing 173PartA 173PartB 1742023年考研英語（一）答案 175SectionI:UseofEnglish(10points) 175SectionII:ReadingComprehension(60points) 175SectionIII:Writing(30points) 1752023年考研英語（一）試題 177SectionI UseofEnglish 177SectionII ReadingComprehension 181PartA 181PartB 188PartC 190SectionIII Writing 191PartA 191PartB 1922023年考研英語真題答案 193SectionI:UseofEnglish(10points) 193SectionII:ReadingComprehension(60points) 193SectionIII:Writing(30points) 1932023年考研英語（一）試題 196SectionII UseofEnglish 196SectionIII ReadingComprehension 200PartA 200PartB 207SectionIV Writing 2082023年考研英語（一）答案 210SectionI:ListeningComprehension(20points) 210SectionII:UseofEnglish(10points) 210SectionIII:ReadingComprehension(50points) 210SectionIV:Writing(20points) 2112023年考研英語（一）試題 212SectionII UseofEnglish 212SectionIII ReadingComprehension 216PartA 216PartB 223SectionIV Writing 2242023年考研英語（一）答案 226SectionI:ListeningComprehension(20points) 226SectionII:UseofEnglish(10points) 226SectionIII:ReadingComprehension(50points) 226SectionIV:Writing(20points) 2272023年考研英語（一）試題 228SectionI ListeningComprehension 228PartA 228PartB 229PartC 229SectionII UseofEnglish 232SectionIII ReadingComprehension 236PartA 236PartB 244SectionIV Writing 2452023年考研英語（一）答案 247SectionI:ListeningComprehension(20points) 247SectionII:UseofEnglish(10points) 247SectionIII:ReadingComprehension(50points) 247SectionIV:Writing(20points) 2482023年考研英語（一）試題 249SectionI StructureandVocabulary 249PartA 249PartB 252SectionII ClozeTest 257SectionIII ReadingComprehension 261SectionIV English-ChineseTranslation 270SectionV Writing 2712023年考研英語（一）答案 272SectionI:StructureandVocabulary(15points) 272SectionII:ClozeText(10points) 272SectionIII:ReadingComprehension(40points) 272SectionIV:English-ChineseTranslation(15points) 272SectionV:Writing(20points) 2732023年考研英語（一）試題 274SectionI StructureandVocabulary 274PartA 274PartB 277PartC 278SectionII ClozeTest 283SectionIII ReadingComprehension 285SectionIV English-ChineseTranslation 294SectionV Writing 2942023年考研英語（一）答案 296SectionI:StructureandVocabulary(20points) 296SectionIII:ReadingComprehension(40points) 296SectionIV:English-ChineseTranslation(15points) 296SectionV:Writing(15points) 297

2023年考研英語（一）真題SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)Peopleare,onthewhole,pooratconsideringbackgroundinformationwhenmakingindividualdecisions.Atfirstglancethismightseemlikeastrengththat___1___theabilitytomakejudgmentswhichareunbiasedby___2___factors.ButDrSimontonspeculatedthataninabilitytoconsiderthebig___3___wasleadingdecision-makerstobebiasedbythedailysamplesofinformationtheywereworkingwith.___4___,hetheorizedthatajudge___5___ofappearingtoosoft___6___crimemightbemorelikelytosendsomeonetoprison___7___hehadalreadysentencedfiveorsixotherdefendantsonlytoforcedcommunityserviceonthatday.To___8___thisidea,theyturnedtheirattentiontotheuniversity-admissionsprocess.Intheory,the___9___ofanapplicantshouldnotdependonthefewothers___10___randomlyforinterviewduringthesameday,butDrSimontonsuspectedthetruthwas___11___.Hestudiedtheresultsof9,323MBAinterviews___12___by31admissionsofficers.Theinterviewershad___13___applicantsonascaleofonetofive.Thisscale___14___numerousfactorsintoconsideration.Thescoreswere___15___usedinconjunctionwithanapplicant’sscoreontheGMAT,astandardizedexamwhichis___16___outof800points,tomakeadecisiononwhethertoaccepthimorher.DrSimontonfoundifthescoreofthepreviouscandidateinadailyseriesofintervieweeswas0.75pointsormorehigherthanthatoftheone___17___that,thenthescoreforthenextapplicantwould___18___byanaverageof0.075points.Thismightsoundsmall,butto___19___theeffectsofsuchadecreaseacandidatewouldneed30moreGMATpointsthanwouldotherwisehavebeen___20___.1.AgrantsBsubmitsCtransmitsDdelivers2.AminorBexternalCcrucialDobjective3.AissueBvisionCpictureDmoment4.AAboveallBOnaverageCInprincipleDForexample5.AfondBfearfulCcapableDthoughtless6.AinBforCtoDon7.AifBuntilCthoughDunless8.A.testB.emphasizeC.shareD.promote9.A.decisionB.qualityC.statusD.success10.A.foundB.studiedC.chosenD.identified11.A.otherwiseB.defensibleC.replaceableD.exceptional12.A.inspiredB.expressedC.conductedD.secured13.A.assignedB.ratedC.matchedD.arranged14.A.putB.gotC.tookD.gave15.A.insteadB.thenC.everD.rather16.A.selectedB.passedC.markedD.introduced17.AbelowBafterCaboveDbefore18.AjumpBfloatCfluctuateDdrop19.AachieveBundoCmaintainDdisregard20.AnecessaryBpossibleCpromisingDhelpfulSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(40points)Text1Inthe2023filmversionofTheDevilWearsPrada,MirandaPriestly,playedbyMerylStreep,scoldsherunattractiveassistantforimaginingthathighfashiondoesn’taffecther,Priestlyexplainshowthedeepbluecoloroftheassistant’ssweaterdescendedovertheyearsfromfashionshowstodepartmentsstoresandtothebargainbininwhichthepoorgirldoubtlessfoundhergarment.Thistop-downconceptionofthefashionbusinesscouldn`tbemoreoutofdateoratoddswiththefeverishwoulddescribedinOverdressed,ElizabethCline`sthree-yearindictmentof“fastfashion”.Inthelastdecadeorso,advancesintechnologyhaveallowedmass-marketlabelssuchasZara,H&M,andUniqlotoreacttotrendsmorequicklyandanticipatedemandmoreprecisely.Quickerturnaroundsmeanlesswastedinventory,morefrequentrelease,andmoreprofit.Theselabelsencouragestyle-consciousconsumerstoseeclothesasdisposable-meanttolastonlyawashortwo,althoughtheydon’tadvertisethat–andtorenewtheirwardrobeeveryfewweeks.Byofferingon-trenditemsatdirt-cheapprices,Clineargues,thesebrandshavehijackedfashioncycles,shakinganindustrylongaccustomedtoaseasonalpace.Thevictimsofthisrevolution,ofcourse,arenotlimitedtodesigners.ForH&Mtooffera$5.95knitminiskirtinallits2,300-piusstoresaroundtheworld,itmustrelyonlow-wageoverseaslabor,orderinvolumesthatstrainnaturalresources,andusemassiveamountsofharmfulchemicals.Overdressedisthefashionworld`sanswertoconsumer-activistbestsellerslikeMichaelPollan`s.TheOmnivore`sDilemma.“Mass-producedclothing,likefastfood,fillsahungerandneed,yetisnon-durableandwasteful,”Clineargues.Americans,shefinds,buyroughly20billiongarmentsayear–about64itemsperperson–andnomatterhowmuchtheygiveaway,thisexcessleadstowaste.TowardstheendofOverdressed,Clineintroducedherideal,aBrooklynwomannamedSarahKateBeaumont,whosince2023hasmadeallofherownclothes–andbeautifully.ButasClineisthefirsttonote,ittookBeaumontdecadestoperfecthercraft;herexamplecan’tbeknockedoff.Thoughseveralfast-fashioncompanieshavemadeeffortstocurbtheirimpactonlaborandtheenvironment–includingH&M,withitsgreenConsciousCollectionline–Clinebelieveslastingchangecanonlybeeffectedbythecustomer.Sheexhibitstheidealismcommontomanyadvocatesofsustainability,beitinfoodorinenergy.Vanityisaconstant;peoplewillonlystartshoppingmoresustainablywhentheycan’taffordnotto.21.Priestlycriticizesherassistantforher[A]poorbargainingskill.[B]insensitivitytofashion.[C]obsessionwithhighfashion.[D]lackofimagination.22.AccordingtoCline,mass-marketlabelsurgeconsumersto[A]combatunnecessarywaste.[B]shutoutthefeverishfashionworld.[C]resisttheinfluenceofadvertisements.[D]shopfortheirgarmentsmorefrequently.23.Theword“indictment”(Line3,Para.2)isclosestinmeaningto[A]accusation.[B]enthusiasm.[C]indifference.[D]tolerance.24.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?[A]Vanityhasmoreoftenbeenfoundinidealists.[B]Thefast-fashionindustryignoressustainability.[C]Peoplearemoreinterestedinunaffordablegarments.[D]Pricingisvitaltoenvironment-friendlypurchasing.25.Whatisthesubjectofthetext?[A]Satireonanextravagantlifestyle.[B]Challengetoahigh-fashionmyth.[C]Criticismofthefast-fashionindustry.[D]Exposureofamass-marketsecret.Text2Anoldsayinghasitthathalfofalladvertisingbudgetsarewasted-thetroubleis,nooneknowswhichhalf.Intheinternetage,atleastintheory,thisfractioncanbemuchreduced.Bywatchingwhatpeoplesearchfor,clickonandsayonline,companiescanaim“behavioral”adsatthosemostlikelytobuy.Inthepastcoupleofweeksaquarrelhasillustratedthevaluetoadvertisersofsuchfine-grainedinformation:Shouldadvertisersassumethatpeoplearehappytobetrackedandsentbehavioralads?Orshouldtheyhaveexplicitpermission?InDecember2023America'sFederalTradeCommission(FTC)proposedaddinga"donottrack"(DNT)optiontointernetbrowsers,sothatuserscouldtelladvertisersthattheydidnotwanttobefollowed.Microsoft'sInternetExplorerandApple'sSafaribothofferDNT;Google'sChromeisduetodosothisyear.InFebruarytheFTCandDigitalAdvertisingAlliance(DAA)agreedthattheindustrywouldgetcrackingonrespondingtoDNTrequests.OnMay31stMicrosoftSetofftherow:ItsaidthatInternetExplorer10,theversionduetoappearwindows8,wouldhaveDNTasadefault.Itisnotyetclearhowadvertiserswillrespond.GettingaDNTsignaldoesnotobligeanyonetostoptracking,althoughsomecompanieshavepromisedtodoso.UnabletotellwhethersomeonereallyobjectstobehavioraladsorwhethertheyarestickingwithMicrosoft’sdefault,somemayignoreaDNTsignalandpressonanyway.AlsouncleariswhyMicrosofthasgoneitalone.Afterall,ithasanadbusinesstoo,whichitsayswillcomplywithDNTrequests,thoughitisstillworkingouthow.IfitistryingtoupsetGoogle,whichreliesalmostwhollyondefaultwillbecomethenorm.DNTdoesnotseemanobviouslyhugesellingpointforwindows8-thoughthefirmhascomparedsomeofitsotherproductsfavorablywithGoogle'sonthatcountbefore.BrendonLynch,MMicrosoft'schiefprivacyofficer,blogged:"webelieveconsumersshouldhavemorecontrol."Coulditreallybethatsimple?26.Itissuggestedinparagraph1that“behavioral”adshelpadvertisersto:[A]easecompetitionamongthemselves[B]lowertheiroperationalcosts[C]avoidcomplaintsfromconsumers[D]providebetteronlineservices27.“Theindustry”(Line6,Para.3)refersto:[A]onlineadvertisers[B]e-commerceconductors[C]digitalinformationanalysis[D]internetbrowserdevelopers28.BobLiodiceholdsthatsettingDNTasadefault[A]manycutthenumberofjunkads[B]failstoaffecttheadindustry[C]willnotbenefitconsumers[D]goesagainsthumannature29.whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtoParagraph.6?[A]DNTmaynotserveitsintendedpurpose[B]AdvertisersarewillingtoimplementDNT[C]DNTislosingitspopularityamongconsumers[D]Advertisersareobligedtoofferbehavioralads30.Theauthor'sattitudetowardswhatBrendonLynchsaidinhisblogisoneof:[A]indulgence[B]understanding[C]appreciation[D]skepticismText3Upuntilafewdecadesago,ourvisionsofthefuturewerelargely-thoughbynomeansuniformly-glowinglypositive.Scienceandtechnologywouldcurealltheillsofhumanity,leadingtolivesoffulfillmentandopportunityforall.Nowutopiahasgrownunfashionable,aswehavegainedadeeperappreciationoftherangeofthreatsfacingus,fromasteroidstriketoepidemicfluandtoclimatechange.Youmightevenbetemptedtoassumethathumanityhaslittlefuturetolookforwardto.Butsuchgloominessismisplaced.Thefossilrecordshowsthatmanyspecieshaveenduredformillionsofyears-sowhyshouldn'twe?Takeabroaderlookatourspecies'placeintheuniverse,anditbecomesclearthatwehaveanexcellentchanceofsurvivingfortens,ifnothundreds,ofthousandsofyears.LookupHomosapiensinthe"RedList"ofthreatenedspeciesoftheInternationalUnionfortheConversationofNature(IUCN),andyouwillread:"ListedasLeastConcernasthespeciesisverywidelydistributed,adaptable,currentlyincreasing,andtherearenomajorthreatsresultinginanoverallpopulationdecline."Sowhatdoesourdeepfuturehold?Agrowingnumberofresearchersandorganizationsarenowthinkingseriouslyaboutthatquestion.Forexample,theLongNowFoundationhasitsflagshipprojectamedicalclockthatisdesignedtostillbemarkingtimethousandsofyearshence.Perhapswillfully,itmaybeeasiertothinkaboutsuchlengthytimescalesthanaboutthemoreimmediatefuture.Thepotentialevolutionoftoday'stechnology,anditssocialconsequences,isdazzlinglycomplicated,andit'sperhapsbestlefttosciencefictionwritersandfuturologiststoexplorethemanypossibilitieswecanenvisage.That'sonereasonwhywehavelaunchedArc,anewpublicationdedicatedtothenearfuture.Buttakealongerviewandthereisasurprisingamountthatwecansaywithconsiderableassurance.Assooften,thepastholdsthekeytothefuture:wehavenowidentifiedenoughofthelong-termpatternsshapingthehistoryoftheplanet,andourspecies,tomakeevidence-basedforecastsaboutthesituationsinwhichourdescendantswillfindthemselves.Thislongperspectivemakesthepessimisticviewofourprospectsseemmorelikelytobeapassingfad.Tobesure,thefutureisnotallrosy.Butwearenowknowledgeableenoughtoreducemanyoftherisksthatthreatenedtheexistenceofearlierhumans,andtoimprovethelotofthosetocome.31.Ourvisionofthefutureusedtobeinspiredby[A]ourdesireforlivesoffulfillment[B]ourfaithinscienceandtechnology[C]ourawarenessofpotentialrisks[D]ourbeliefinequalopportunity32.TheIUCN`s“RedList”suggestthathumanbeingare[A]asustainedspecies[B]athreatentotheenvironment[C]theworld`sdominantpower[D]amisplacedrace33.WhichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtoParagraph5?[A]Archelpslimitthescopeoffuturologicalstudies.[B]Technologyofferssolutionstosocialproblem.[C]Theinterestinsciencefictionisontherise.[D]OurImmediatefutureishardtoconceive.34.Toensurethefutureofmankind,itiscrucialto[A]exploreourplanet`sabundantresources[B]adoptanoptimisticviewoftheworld[C]drawonourexperiencefromthepast[D]curbourambitiontoreshapehistory35.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?[A]UncertaintyaboutOurFuture[B]EvolutionoftheHumanSpecies[C]TheEver-brightProspectsofMankind[D]Science,TechnologyandHumanityText4Onafivetothreevote,theSupremeCourtknockedoutmuchofArizona'simmigrationlawMonday-amodestpolicyvictoryfortheObamaAdministration.ButonthemoreimportantmatteroftheConstitution,thedecisionwasan8-0defeatforthefederalgovernmentandthestates.InArizona,UnitedStates,themajorityoverturnedthreeofthefourcontestedprovisionsofArizona'scontroversialplantohavestateandlocalpoliceenforcefederalimmigrationslaw.TheConstitutionalprinciplesthatWashingtonalonehasthepowerto"establishauniformRuleofnaturalization"andthatfederallawsprecedestatelawsarenoncontroversial.Arizonahadattemptedtofashionstatepolicethatrantotheexistingfederalones.JusticeAnthonyKennedy,joinedbyChiefJusticeJohnRobertsandtheCourt'sliberals,ruledthatthestateflewtooclosetothefederalsun.Ontheoverturnedprovisionsthemajorityheldthecongresshaddeliberately"occupiedthefield"andArizonahadthusintrudedonthefederal'sprivilegedpowersHowever,theJusticessaidthatArizonapolicewouldbeallowedtoverifythelegalstatusofpeoplewhocomeincontactwithlawenforcement.That`sbecauseCongresshasalwaysenvisionedjointfederal-stateimmigrationenforcementandexplicitlyencouragesstateofficerstoshareinformationandcooperatewithfederalcolleagues.TwoofthethreeobjectingJustice-SamuelAlitoandClarenceThomas-agreedwiththisConstitutionallogicbutdisagreedaboutwhichArizonarulesconflictedwiththefederalstatute.TheonlymajorobjectioncamefromJusticeAntoninScalia,whoofferedanevenmorerobustdefenseofstateprivilegesgoingbacktothealienandSeditionActs.The8-0objectiontoPresidentObamaturnsonwhatJusticeSamuelAlitodescribesinhisobjectionas“ashockingassertionoffederalexecutivepower”.TheWhiteHousearguedtheArizona`slawsconflictedwithitsenforcementpriorities,evenifstatelawscompliedwithfederalstatutestotheletter.Ineffect,theWhiteHouseclaimedthatitcouldinvalidateanyotherwiselegitimatestatelawthatitdisagreeswith.Somepowersdobelongexclusivelytothefederalgovernment,andcontrolofcitizenshipandthebordersisamongthem.ButifCongresswantedtopreventstatesfromusingtheirownresourcestocheckimmigrationstatus.Itneverdidso.Theadministrationwasinessenceassertingthatbecauseitdidn'twanttocarryoutCongress'simmigrationwishes,nostateshouldbeallowedtodosoeither.