Unit4EarthquakesPeriod4Grammar同步練習(xí)仔細(xì)觀察下列句子,并注意畫(huà)線部分的用法。Themanwhowashereyesterdayisapainter.昨天在這里的那個(gè)人是位畫(huà)家。(who作主語(yǔ))ThemanwhoIsawiscalledSmith.我見(jiàn)到的那個(gè)人名叫史密斯。(who作賓語(yǔ),亦可省略)Aletterthatiswritteninpencilisdifficulttoread.用鉛筆寫(xiě)的信很難讀。(that作主語(yǔ),指物)Ishethemanthatsellseggs?他是賣(mài)雞蛋的那個(gè)人嗎?(that作主語(yǔ),指人)自我歸納：在復(fù)合句中,修飾或限定某一名詞或代詞的從句叫“(1)”。主句中被定語(yǔ)從句修飾的詞叫“(2)”。planeisamachinethatcanfly.that在句中作____，指____.noodles(that)Icookedweredelicious.that在句中作_____，指____isthemanthatisreadingabookoverthere?that在句中作____，指____plantedsometreeswhichdidn’tneedmuchwater.which在句中作____，指____boywhobrokethewindowiscalledTom.who在句中作____，指____man（whom）Ivisitedyesterdaywasmyclassmate.whom在句中作______，指_______haswrittenabookwhosenameI’veforgotten.whose在句中作____，指____【三“點(diǎn)”探究】1.定語(yǔ)從句的定義定語(yǔ)從句在句中相當(dāng)于一個(gè)形容詞，起定語(yǔ)的作用，修飾說(shuō)明名詞、代詞或主句的全部?jī)?nèi)容，通常在被修飾的詞語(yǔ)之后，由關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)。2.有關(guān)定語(yǔ)從句的幾個(gè)術(shù)語(yǔ)：先行詞：被定語(yǔ)從句修飾的名詞或代詞稱(chēng)為先行詞。關(guān)系詞：分為關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。關(guān)系代詞：引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的代詞稱(chēng)為關(guān)系代詞，如：that，which,who,whom,whose。關(guān)系副詞：引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的副詞稱(chēng)為關(guān)系副詞。如：where,when,why。3.關(guān)系詞的作用：①連接功能：連接從句引導(dǎo)一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。②指代功能：指代先行詞。③語(yǔ)法功能：在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)句子成分。注意：1)關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞在定語(yǔ)從句中擔(dān)任句子成分。2)當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中擔(dān)任主語(yǔ)時(shí)，定語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式與先行詞一致。3)關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省略。語(yǔ)法關(guān)語(yǔ)法關(guān)系詞指代●who,whom,that這些詞代替的先行詞是指人的名詞或代詞,在從句中可作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。Ishethemanwho/thatwantstoseeyou?他就是想見(jiàn)你的那個(gè)人嗎?Heisthemanwhom/thatIsawyesterday.他就是我昨天見(jiàn)的那個(gè)人。whose用來(lái)指人或物,只用作定語(yǔ),若指物,它還可以同ofwhich互換。Theyrushedovertohelpthemanwhosecarhadbrokendown.那人的車(chē)壞了,他們都跑過(guò)去幫忙?；蛘撸篢heyrushedovertohelpthemanthecarofwhichhadbrokendown.Pleasepassmethebookwhose/ofwhichcoverisgreen.請(qǐng)遞給我那本綠皮的書(shū)?；蛘撸篜leasepassmethebookthecoverofwhichisgreen●which,that它們所代替的先行詞是指事物的名詞或代詞,在從句中可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)。Aprosperitywhich/thathadneverbeenseenbeforeappearsinthecountryside.農(nóng)村出現(xiàn)了前所未有的繁榮。Thepackagewhich/thatyouarecarryingisabouttocomeunwrapped.你拿的包裹快散了。注意:當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)常?？墒÷?而作主語(yǔ)時(shí)則不能省略。和which可以互換,但在下列情況下只用that:●當(dāng)先行詞是不定代詞all,little,few,much,none,anything,nothing,everything等時(shí)。IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou?我能幫你忙嗎?●當(dāng)先行詞被all,only,little,much,some,any,no,every等修飾時(shí)。TheonlythingthatIcandois(to)wait.我唯一能做的是等待。●當(dāng)先行詞被最高級(jí)、序數(shù)詞以及thevery,thefew,theonly修飾時(shí)。ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen.這是我看過(guò)的最好的電影。●當(dāng)先行詞指人又指物時(shí)。Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschoolthathehadvisited.他談到了他參觀的學(xué)校和拜訪的老師?！裨趙ho或which引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句中。WhoisthemanthatistalkingtoMark?與馬克談話的那個(gè)人是誰(shuí)?【拓展提升】1.選詞填空that,which,who,whose,不填(1)ThisisthevillageIevervisitedlastyear.(2)Iwillalwaysrememberthedayswespentinthevillage.(3)Iwillneverforgettheboyeverhelpedme.(4)Helivesintheroomdoorisgreen.2.用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系代詞填空youlikethepresentIboughtyouyesterday?storybookwaswrittenbyhisuncleisquiteinteresting.boycomputerdoesn’tworkwellneedsyourhelp.isthebestmoviewehaveseenthisyear.doctorwemetinthestreetisfromAmerica.passengersandthesuitcaseswereinthewaitingroomhadtowaitforanotherplane.isthegirlyouwanttomakefriendswith?isthelastlessonMrSmithtaughtus.【總結(jié)反思】本課時(shí)的核心內(nèi)容為“定語(yǔ)從句”,知識(shí)要點(diǎn)結(jié)構(gòu)圖解如下:Period4Grammar知識(shí)導(dǎo)學(xué)定語(yǔ)從句(2)先行詞知識(shí)運(yùn)用planeisamachinethatcanfly.(作主語(yǔ)，指物)noodles(that)Icookedweredelicious.（作賓語(yǔ)，指物）isthemanthatisreadingabookoverthere?（作主語(yǔ)，指人）plantedsometreeswhichdidn’tneedmuchwater.（作主語(yǔ)，指物）boywhobrokethewindowiscalledTom.（作主語(yǔ)，指人）man（whom）Ivisitedyesterdaywasmyclassma