詞源學(xué)詞源典故記單詞GreekMythsAreEverywhere

--dailylanguagePlants:

cereal-谷物;narcissus-水仙花;laurel-月桂，etc.Geographicalnames:

Aegean愛(ài)琴海;Europe;Atlantic;Commonwords:chaos,panic,echo,siren,Idioms:

theTrojanhorse,Achilles’heel,appleofdiscord,Whatelsecanyouthinkof?GreekMythsAreEverywhere

--moderncommerceManymodernbrandsusenamesorimagesofGreekgods/goddesses,suchas

Olympus,Nike,Amazon,Ajax(埃阿斯,)

GreekMythsAreEverywhere

--theplanetarysystemMercury--水星Venus--金星Earth--地球Mars--火星Saturn--土星Jupiter--木星Uranus--天王星(第一代神王)Neptune--海王星Pluto--冥王星ApolloProgramPoseidonSubmarineTridentI&IImissile ……OtherAspectsCreation

Inthebeginningtherewasnoearth,skyorsea.Therewasonlyconfusionanddarkness,called

Chaos.ChaosgavebirthtoMotherEarth(Gaea).Sheeventuallygavebirthtoason,Uranus,alsoknownasFatherHeaven.MotherEarthandFatherHeavenhadmanychildren.First,theyhadthreemonstroussons.Eachhadfiftyheadsandonehundredhands.Then,theyhadthreemoresons.Theywerejustasbigandjustasugly.TheywerecalledCyclops（獨(dú)眼巨人）.Theyhadoneeyeinthemiddleoftheirforeheads.TheywereasstrongasEarthquakesandTornadoescombined.Finally,theyhadthefirstgods,sixsonsandsixdaughterscalledtheTitans.

AmongtheirchildrenwasthegreatestTitan,Cronus(Kronus).Cronusgainedpowerfromhisfather,Uranus,bycastrating（閹割）

him.Then,CronusbecameruleroverheavenandEarthandmarriedhissister,Rhea.FromtheirunioncametheOlympiangods.CronusThebiggeryouare,theharderyoufall…

PowerchangedCronusandmadehimevil.Hewassoafraidthatoneofhissonswasgoingtodotohimwhathedidtohisfatherthatheswallowedallofhischildrenimmediatelyaftertheirbirth.Onebyone,CronusswallowedHestia,Demeter,Hera,Hades,andPoseidon.WhenRheawaspregnantwithhersixthchild,shethoughtofaplan.Shesecretlygavebirthtohersixthchild,Zeus,andgavehimtoMotherEarth.MotherEarthdecidedthatthechildwouldbesafeifshehidhimasfarawayfromCronusasshecould.WhenCronusaskedtoseethesixthchild,Rheahandedhimarockwrappedinablanket.Justlikeherpreviouschildren,Cronusswallowedtherockwithouthesitation,justasshehadplanned.RheawashappyandcouldnotwaitforthedayZeuswouldgrowupanddestroyhisfather.LikeFather,LikeSon

Zeuswassafelyraisedbynymphs（寧芙）

andshepherds（牧羊人）.EventuallyZeusgrewupandRhea,hismother,toldhimaboutwhatCronusdidtohissiblings（同胞）.ZeusmadeapromisetohismotherthathewouldmakeCronuspayforwhathedid.Apromiseisapromise…RheaandZeus’plan

WhenZeusreturnedtohismother,shedisguisedhimasaservant，andputapoisonouspotion（劑）

inCronus’drink.Theconcoction（調(diào)味品）

causedCronustogetsickandvomit.First,Cronusvomiteduptherock.Theneachofhisfivechildren,onebyone.Zeuswasseenasaheroforsavinghissiblings.Theywereextremelythankful.Onceeveryonewasfreed,thesixchildrendecidedtobattleagainstCronus.Thebattlebetweenfatherandsons

Thewarlastedtenyears.Neithersidecouldgettheupperhandbecausetheywereequalinstrength.MotherEarthsuggestedthatZeusandhisbrothersgofreetheCyclopsandhavethemfightontheirside.Zeusandhisbrothersdidastheywereadvisedandfreedtheiruncles,theCyclops.TheCyclopsgavethemtheadvantagetheyneeded.Finally,thewarwasover.Zeusandhissiblingswerevictorious.Afterthebattlewasover…

Nowthatthebattlewasover,thethreebrothershadtodecidewhowasgoingtoruletheuniverse.Theydecidedthefairestwaytochoosewastodrawlots（抓鬮）.Hadeswontheunderworld.PoseidonwontheseaZeuswontheheavenandbecamerulerofallthegodsofMt.Olympus.Thegodsandgoddesses

ofMt.OlympusMt.OlympuswasthelargestmountaininGreece.Itwasthehomeofthegodsandgoddesses.Godsandgoddesseswereimmortal,theycouldnotdie.ThePrincipalGodsFamilyTree

ZeusHeraAthenaApolloArtemisAphroditeAresHephaestusHermesDemeterDionysusPoseidonHadesPersephoneErosJupiterJunoMinervaApolloDianaVenusMarsVulcanMercuryCeresBacchusNeptunePlutoProserpinaCupid宙斯赫拉雅典娜阿波羅阿耳特彌斯阿弗洛迪特阿瑞斯赫菲斯托斯赫爾墨斯德墨特耳狄俄尼索斯波塞冬哈得斯珀耳塞福涅厄洛斯朱庇特朱諾密涅瓦阿波羅迪安娜維納斯馬爾斯伏爾甘墨丘利克瑞斯巴克斯涅普頓普路同普洛塞庇娜丘比特TheOlympiansZeusRomanName:Jupiter(alsoJove)SupremegodoftheOlympians.Godofthunder&lighteningMarriedhissisterHeraFatheredmanycharactersinmythologyHeraRomanName:JunoZeus’ssisterandwifeGoddessofmarriage,protectorofchildbirth&heroesJealousprotectorofmarriagePunishedthewomenZeusfellinlovewithPoseidonRomanName:NeptuneGodoftheSeasandWaters“TheEarthshaker”HadesRomanName:PlutoGodoftheUnderworld/DeadKidnappedPersephoneHestiaRomanName:VestaGoddessofHomePowerfulProtectorDemeterRomanName:CeresGoddessoftheHarvestAGoddessoftheEarthAthenaRomanName:MinervaGoddessofWisdomandWarSprangfromZeus’sheadAresRomanName:MarsGodofWarSonofZeusandHeraBloodthirstyandmercilessHephaestusRomanName:VulcanGodofFire/Forge鍛造SonofZeusandHeraKind,unlikehisbrotherApolloRomanName:ApolloGodofLight/SunandMusicBrotherofArtemisArtemisRomanName:DianaGoddessoftheMoon/HuntSistertoApolloHermesRomanName:MercuryMessengeroftheGodsAppearsinmoremythsthananyothercharacterAphroditeRomanName:VenusGoddessofLoveandBeautySprangfromtheoceanfoamDionysusRomanName:BacchusGodofWinePatrongod守護(hù)神oftheGreekstageAGodoftheEarthPersephoneRomanName:ProserpinaGoddessoftheUnderworldDaughterofZeusandDemeterAbducted綁架byHadesHebeRomanName:JuventasGoddessofYouthCupbearer斟酒人

totheGodsRestoredyouthtotheagedErosRomanName:CupidYoungGodofLoveSonofVenusandHephaestusArmedwithbowandarrowsTheMuses繆斯（技藝女神）NinedaughtersofZeusandMnemosyne(Memory)InspiredartistsofallkindsGoddesseswhopresidedovertheartsandsciences,andpromptedthememoryClio,Urania,Thalia,Melpomene,Erato,Calliope,Euterpe,Terpsichore,PolyhymniaPrometheus[pr??miθi?s]Prometheusgavehumanitythegiftoffire.Forthistransgression（違反）againstthegodZeus,Prometheuswaschainedtoarock,whereaneaglecontinuallypreyedonhisliver.StoryofPandoraPandoraOpenstheBoxPandor