納米金在生物監(jiān)測(cè)上的應(yīng)用OpticalmethodsLSPRabsorptionFluorescenceemissionLightscattering(in/elastic)AuNPsenhanceshiftquenchenhanceLSPRabsorptionFig1.IllustrationofLSPRabsorptiondetectionofanalytesattachedonthesurfaceofAuNPs.Annu.Rev.Phy.Chem.2007,4,267－197.J.Chem.Phys.1980,73:3023-3037.LSPRabsorptionFig2.TheplasmonresonanceofmetalNPisdependentonthesize,shapeandmaterial.12FluorescenceemissionFig3.TheplasmonresonanceofmetalNPisdependentonthesize,shapeandmaterial.Fig4.SchematicrepresentationoftheCu2+sensorbasedonmodulationofthephotoluminescencequenchingofthechromophorebyAuNPs.Adv.Mater.2005,17,2811－2815.Fluorescencequenching納米金淬滅熒光FluorescenceemissionFluorescenceenhancementFig5.TheplasmonresonanceofmetalNPisdependentonthesize,shapeandmaterial.Fig6.Comparativeemissionspectraofafluorescentcore–shellAg@SiO2nanoparticleandacontrolnanoparticlecontainingnoAg.金屬增強(qiáng)熒光(Metal-enhancedfluorescence,MEF)J.Phys.Chem.C,2009,113,12095－12100.Lightscattering動(dòng)態(tài)光散射(Dynamiclightscattering,DLS)Fig7.Bymonitoringthechangeinthescatterpattern,thediameterofthesolidnanoparticlescanbededuced.瑞利散射公式Stokes-Einstein公式Fig8.Real-timemonitoringoftargetanalytebindingtotheAuNPsusingNanoDLayTM.Fig9.Calculationsofthecontributionsofscatteringandadsorptiontothetotalextinctioncross-sectionofAuNPsofdifferentsizesattheirplasmonbandposition.Talanta,2011,83,1580－1585.PLoSOne,2011,6(5),e19605(openaccess).LightscatteringFig10.IllustrationofnormalRamanscatteringandSERS(Surface-enhancedRamanscattering).表面增強(qiáng)拉曼散射(SERS)Fig11.DifferentdetactionmethodsofplasmonicNPs(e.g.AuNPs)asSERSsubstrate.Small,2015,11,28,3395–3406.SummaryAPros:mature,simple,wide,labelfree;Cons:relativelylowsensitivity,interferenceLSPRAbsorptionCPros:simple,sensitive,wide,stable;Cons:lowselectivityDLSBPros:ofgreatpotential;Cons:Au-inducedquenching,leastmature,c