Unit3LanguageinuseLanguagepracticePaperandprintinghavebeenusedforages.Thebatteryhasn’tbeenchangedforacoupleofmonths.Hasitbeenpublishedyet?現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài):have/has(not)been+過去分詞InformationcanbekeptonCD-ROMs.Bookscouldonlybeproducedoneatatime.Canbooksbereplacedbycomputers?情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài):情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(not)+be+過去分詞當(dāng)我們不知道誰是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者,或者沒有必要指出誰是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí),或者只需強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí),要用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。被動(dòng)語態(tài):主語是動(dòng)作的承受者。Conclusion(一)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)—am／is／are+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞一般過去時(shí)—was／were+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞—aux.v.(must／can／could／may…+be+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成：be+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)——be(am、is、are)+being+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞一般將來時(shí)——willbe／begoingtobe+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)——have／has+been+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞時(shí)態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過去時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)am/is/are+donewas/were+doneam/is/arebeing+donewas/werebeing+done一般將來時(shí)過去將來時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)shall/willbe+donewouldbe+donehave/hasbeen+

donehadbeen+

done主動(dòng)語態(tài)如何改成被動(dòng)語態(tài)？主動(dòng)語態(tài)的賓語改成被動(dòng)語態(tài)的主語。2.主動(dòng)語態(tài)的謂語動(dòng)詞改成被動(dòng)語態(tài)的謂語動(dòng)詞。do→bedone3.注意保持時(shí)態(tài)和人稱的一致。4.帶雙賓的謂語動(dòng)詞有兩種改法。當(dāng)把直接賓語改成主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞后必須加適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~:tofor.Conclusion(二)如:give→begivento此類動(dòng)詞還有:passshowsend…再如:buy→beboughtfor此類動(dòng)詞還有:makedrawcookmend…5.一些動(dòng)詞不定式在主動(dòng)語態(tài)中省略to作賓語補(bǔ)足語,改成被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí),to必須還原。注:1.不及物動(dòng)詞（vi.)不用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。如:happen、takeplace、appear、disappear…1.Myunclegavemeagiftonmybirthday.

2.Weoftenhearhimplaytheguitar．Iwasgivenagiftonmybirthday.Agiftwasgiventomeonmybirthday.Heisoftenheardtoplaytheguitar幾種特殊結(jié)構(gòu)注意:see,watch,hear,notice,feel,make,listento,lookat等動(dòng)詞/短語后作賓語補(bǔ)語的不定式都不帶to；但改成被動(dòng)語態(tài)后必須帶to。Arecorder

isusedinourEnglishclasseveryday.

Let’spractice!recorderEnglishclassuse…forOftenplayFootball

isplayedallovertheworld.Acamera

isusedfortakingphotos.robyesterdaysenduplastyearAman-madesatellite

wassentupintospacelastyear.Abank

wasrobbedyesterday.mustplantcoverwithinafewyears’timeThetree

mustbeplantedontheground.Theground

willbecoveredwithtreesinafewyears’time.sendtorightnowatallgivesoonThey

willbesenttothehospitalrightnow.Atalk

willbegivensoon.digTheearth

isbeingdug

now.eatup

alreadyThefood

hasbeeneatenupalready.ExercisesCompletethesentenceswiththecorrectformofthewords.1.Ithinkonedaybooksmay________(place)completely.2.Mybike___________(leave)atschool,soIhavetotakethebustoschooltoday.3.Thebattery__________________(charge)yet.HowcanIusemyrecorder.hasbeenlefthasn’tbeenchargedbeplaced4.Papershouldnot_________(throw)away.5.Booksandothermaterialcan___________(borrow)fromthelibrary.6.I’veboughtasecond-handMP3player—andabout1,000songshave_______________(download)ontoit!beborrowedbethrownbeendownloaded7.Hasthecomputer____________(repair)yet?Ineedtowritemyarticlewithit.8.Whathave______________(turnon)?Theradio.beenturnedonbeenrepairedExercisesCompletethequizquestionsandchoosethecorrectanswer.Who/pyramids/build?

Whowerethepyramidsbuiltby?a)TheEgyptiansb)TheAncientGreeksc)TheRomans2.What/use/tomakepapersincethe19thcentury?Whatwasusedtomakepapersincethe19thcentury?a)Woodb)Silkc)Cotton3.Where/thestoryofRomeoandJuliet/set?WherewasthestoryofRomeoandJulietset?a)InNewYorkb)InAthensc)InLondon4.where/theworld’soldestbookprintedonpaper/discover?Wherewastheworld’soldestbookprintedonpaperdiscovered?

a)InIndiab)InChina c)InEgypt5.Howlong/computers/use?

Howlonghavecomputersbeenused?a)Forlessthan50years.b)For50yearsc)Formorethan50yearsExercisesMakequestionsandwriteanswers.What/shouldn’t/do/withpaper?(waste)--Whatshouldn’tbedonewithpaper?--Itshouldn’tbewasted.1.what/can/use/tomakepaper?(manythings)2.What/might/use/toreplacebooksoneday?(computers)3.how/must/printers/keep?(ingoodconditions)4.Where/can/music/keep?(onMP3players)Howhastheplacechanged?Usethesewords:add,change,open,paint,put,turnon,takeaway,ThewindowThecapThelightThebasketballThesweaterThepaintingTwochairsThebooksThedisheshave/hasbeenExercisesCompletethepassagewiththecorrectformofthewords.Fromabout500BC,pens_________forwriting.Thefeathersoflargebirds___________anddried.Thepointofeachfeatherwassharpened.call,clean,develop,introduce,invent,produce,spread,use,writewereusedwerecleanedThenpeopleusedthemtowritewithink.Manyfamousworks,suchasShakespeare’splays,______________withthesepens.Theninthe18thcentury,Apenwithasteelwritingpoint___________Onlyafewwordscould___________,however,beforethewriterhadtofillthepenwithinkagain.werewrittenwasinventedwereproducedManyyearslater,thefountainpen____________fromtheseearlypens.In1950,aEuropeancalledLaszloBiroinventedtheballpointpen.Thepopularityofwriting______quicklywiththe___________oftheballpointpen.Eventoday,ballpointpen,orBiros,asthey________,aremuchlessexpensive,comparedwiththefountainpens.spreadwasdevelopedarecalledintroductionExercisesCompletethesentenceswiththephrasesinthebox.1.CouldyouimagineadigitalimageofYaoMingonthewall___________aposter?ratherthanbyhand,forages,fromnowon,Iwonder,ratherthan2.Thingsmade_______areusuallymoreexpensivethanthoseproducedinfactories.3.________howoldbooksareactuallydownloadedontocomputers…4.Ihaven’tseenmybestfriend_______!5.We’reusingtoomuchpaper.___________,I’mgoingtoreadallmymagazinesonline.byhandfromnowonforagesIwonderAroundtheworldE-bookAswecansendmailbyemail,wecanreadbooksbye-booknow.E-booksfirs