現(xiàn)代大學(xué)英語精讀1第二版第十課課文分析Lesson7-Mandela'sGardenTextAnalysisForMandela,gardeningisthesourceofspiritualfulfillment.GardeninggivesMandelainspirationforhisrevolutionarycause.Politicalleadersarelikegardeners.ThemeofthetextThethemeissummedupattheveryend.TheendofTheme.

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Part1(para.1-)about:Part2(para.9-)about:Lesson7-Mandela'sGardenTextAnalysisStructureofthetext811ItdescribesMandela’sgardeningexperience.ItshowshowMandelatakesthishobbyasasurvivalstrategy.Itgoesfurthertoexplainthesignificanceofhisgardeningexperience,whichhasbecomeametaphorandgiveshiminspirationonhowtobeagoodrevolutionaryleaderandhowtonourishimportanthumanrelationship.TheendofStructure.

BTLEWLesson7-Mandela'sGardenTextAnalysis

Question1:WhatcanweknowfromPara.1? Mandelaintroducesreaderstothetopicofhiswriting,thatis,gardeningbutatthesametime,healsodiscusseshowhespenttheday.Hespentthedaytalkingwithhiscomradesabouthispoliticalcause.SoreaderscanseethathispoliticalcauseaccountsforalotinMandela’slifeinprison.Andthat’swhyMandelacouldgetinspirationsfromhishobby—gardeninginprison.Tobecontinuedonthenextpage.BTLEWLesson7-Mandela'sGardenTextAnalysis

Question2:WhatroledoesPara.2playinthefirstpart? Inthisparagraph,Mandelatellsreadershehaswelladaptedhimselftothelifeinprison.Andthesmallthingsinsideprisonarealsoasourceofhispride.Thusreaderscanseethatgardeninghasalreadybecomeakindofsurvivalstrategy.Gardeninggiveshimsatisfaction,offersatasteoffreedom,andmakeshimstrongphysicallyandmentally.Itisawaytodefytheenemy’sattempttocrushhimspiritually.Tobecontinuedonthenextpage.BTLEWLesson7-Mandela'sGardenTextAnalysis

Question3:WhatistheroleofPara.8inthefirstpart?Frompara.3topara.7,Mandelaillustratesgardeningindetail.Inpara.8,Mandelacomestoaconclusionastotherolegardeningplaysinhislifeinprison.Thusthisparagraphcorrespondswithpara.2.Tobecontinuedonthenextpage.BTLEWLesson7-Mandela'sGardenTextAnalysis

Question4:Insomeway,Isawthegardenasametaphorforcertainaspectsofmylife.Whatisbeingcompared?Howdoes“thegarden”enterintothecomparison?(Para.9)Mandelacomparesthegardenwithleader’spoliticalcause.Inparticular,heisherecomparinghisgardeningwithhisresponsibilityintherevolutionarycause.Likeingardening,inhisstruggleasarevolutionaryleader,healsohastoplantseeds,cultivate,takecareofthefruittreeshehasplanted,untilintheendheharveststheresult.Bothofthemneedcare,cultivation,eradicationifnecessary,andharvest.Theonlydifferenceisthattheyhavedifferentsoil.Forgardeners,theyworkonsoil,whereasforleaders,thesoilisthepoliticalcause.Tobecontinuedonthenextpage.BTLEWLesson7-Mandela'sGardenTextAnalysisMandelaseemstobetalkingabouthisrelationswithhisfollowersingeneral,andhisrelationswithhiswifeinparticular.Whendifferencesoccur,aleadershouldalwaystrytoresolvethesedifferences.However,ifthesedifferencesconcernmattersofprincipleandcannotbereconciled,aleadermustresolutelypartwiththosepeople,asonehastoeliminatetheweedsinone’sgarden.Tobecontinuedonthenextpage.Question5:

Likegardeners,leadersmusttakeresponsibilityforwhattheycultivate…andeliminatewhatcannotsucceed.(Para.9)WhatdoesMandelaimplybysayingit?BTLEWLesson7-Mandela'sGardenTextAnalysisHereMandelaobviouslyalludestohisrelationshipwithhiswife.Ifnotproperlylookedafterandnourished,itwouldperish.Tobecontinuedonthenextpage.Question6:

WhydoesMandelawritetoWinnietwolettersaboutaparticularlybeautifultomatoplant?(Para.10)BTLEWLesson7-Mandela'sGardenTextAnalysisOntheonehand,Mandelawantstohaveaharmoniousrelationshipwithhiswife.Hedoesnotwanttoseewhathashappenedtothebeautifultomatoplanthappenstohismarriage.Butontheotherhand,hefeelspowerlesstonourishhisrelationshipwithhiswife.Heremanyofthemostimportantrelationshipsreferspecificallytohisrelationshipwithhiswife.Tobecontinuedonthenextpage.Question7:

Idon’tknowwhatshereadintothatletter,butwhenIwroteitIhadamixtureoffeelings…?(Para.11)BTLEWLesson7-Mandela'sGardenWhatdidMandelasayoneshoulddoifhewantedtosurviveinprison?Whatmadehimfeelfulfilled?Howdidhekeephismindactiveandhisbodyfit?Whatdidheusuallydotoamusehimself?HadMandelaeverownedagardenbefore?Whatwashisfirstexperienceatgardening?Didheenjoyit?Whyorwhynot?Washeabletocutoutabiggarden?Whatwasthesoillike?Wasiteasytostartagardeninthecourtyard?WhatdidMandelahavetodotofindenoughroomforgrowingplants?TextAnalysisFurtherdiscussionaboutthestoryTobecontinuedonthenextpage.BTLEWLesson7-Mandela'sGardenWhatdidMandelaplantatfirst?Whydidhechoosethosehardyplants?Wheredidhegettheseeds?Whydoyouthinktheauthoritiesweresokindtohim?Didhehavegoodharvestsatfirst?Didtheyimprovelater?HowdidMandelamakehisgardenflourish?DidMandeladohisgardeningaccordingtothebooks?Whyorwhynot?Howdidhedoitthen?Didhealwayssucceed?Retellthestoryinyourownwords.TextAnalysisFurtherdiscussionaboutthestoryTheendofFurtherDiscussion.

BTLEWLesson7-Mandela'sGardenWritingDevicesParallelismIcouldnowspendthedayreading,writingletters,discussingissueswithmycomrades,orpreparinglegaldocuments.(1)Similarityofstructureinapairorseriesofrelatedwords,phrases,orclausesFourgerundphrasesarecoordinatedusedastheprepositionalobject.Tobecontinuedonthenextpage.BTLEWLesson7-Mandela'sGardenWritingDevicesParallelismOnecanfeelfulfilledbywashingone’sclothessothattheyareparticularlyclean,bysweepingahallwaysothatitisemptyofdust,byorganizingone’scelltosaveasmuchspaceaspossible.(2)Threeprepositionalphrasesintroducedby“by”arecoordinatedusedasadverbialofmannerTobecontinuedonthenextpage.BTLEWLesson7-Mandela'sGardenWritingDevicesParallelismToplantaseed,watchitgrow,totenditandthenharvestit,offeredasimplebutenduringsatisfaction.(8)Inthissentence,fourinfinitivephrasesareusedtogetherasthesubjectofthesentencetodescribetheworkinvolvedingardeningsoastoimpressreaders.Tobecontinuedonthenextpage.BTLEWLesson7-Mandela'sGardenWritingDevicesParallelismTheymustmindtheirwork,trytodrivebackenemies,savewhatcanbesaved,andeliminatewhatcannotsucceed.(9)Fourverbsarecoordinatedasthepredicateofthesentencetoillustratewhatleadersneedtodo.Tobecontinuedonthenextpage.BTLEWLesson7-Mandela'sGardenWritingDevicesParallelismPleasecomparethefollowingtwosentences.Arethereanydifferences?Inwhichsentenceisthemeaningwell-conveyed?

Whenitfinallydied,Iremovedtherootsfromthesoil,washedthem,andburiedtheminacornerofthegarden.Whenitfinallydied,Iburiedtheminacornerofthegarden.

Tobecontinuedonthenextpage.BTLEWLesson7-Mandela'sGardenWritingDevicesParallelismWhenitfinallydied,Iremovedtherootsfromthesoil,washedthem,andburiedtheminacornerofthegarden.(10)ThreeverbsarecoordinatedasthepredicateofthemainclausetoshowwhatMandeladidafterthetomatoplantdied.ThusitcanshowMandela’sfeelingstowardthedeathoftheplant—sad.Becausethestoryisanallusiontohisrelationshipwithhiswife,wecanseehisfeelingandattitudetowardtheirrelationship.Tobecontinuedonthenextpage.BTLEWLesson7-Mandela'sGardenWritingDevicesParallelismparallelismofwords:

Shetriedtomakeherpastryfluffy,sweet,anddelicate.parallelismofphrases:

Singingasongorwritingapoemisjoyous.parallelismofclauses:

Perchareinexpensive;codarecheap;troutareabundant;butsalmonarebest.Tobecontinuedonthenextpage.BTLEWLesson7-Mandela'sGardenWritingDevicesParallelism:moreexamplesPleaserevisethefollowingsentencesintoparallelstructures.1.Ienjoybikingandtowalkdownbythepier.Ienjoybikingandwalkingdownbythepier.2.BoyScoutsatthecampcanlearncooking,canoeing,swimming,orhowtomakeropes.Tobecontinuedonthenextpage.BTLEWLesson7-Mandela'sGardenWritingDevicesParallelism:moreexamplesBoyScoutsatthecampcanlearncooking,canoeing,swimming,orrope-making.3.Non-traditionalstudentsoftenstudylonghours,getlimitedsleep,andupagainwiththesunrise.Non-traditionalstudentsoftenstudylonghours,getlimitedsleep,andareupagainwiththesunrise.Tobecontinuedonthenextpage.BTLEWLesson7-Mandela'sGardenWritingDevicesParallelism:moreexamples

4.Thehurricanenotonlydestroyedthefishingfleetbutalsothehomesofthefishermen.Thehurricanedestroyednotonlythefishingfleetbutalsothehomesofthefishermen.Tobecontinuedonthenextpage.BTLEWLesson7-Mandela'sGardenWritingDevicesParallelism:moreexamples5.Formerly,sciencewastaughtbythetextbookmethod,whilenowthelaboratorymethodisemployed.Formerly,sciencewastaughtbythetextbookmethod;nowitistaughtbythelaboratorymethod.6.It’satimenotforwords,butaction.It’satimenotforwords,butforaction.TheendofWritingDevices.

BTLEWLesson7-Mandela'sGardenSentenceParaphrase1 Inearly1977,theauthoritiesannouncedtheendofmanuallaborandarrangesometypeofworkforustodointhecourtyard,sowecouldspendourdaysinoursection.(1)thepartofprisonwhereMandelastayedgoto2thepeopleincharge,referringtotheprisonauthoritiesBTLEWLesson7-Mandela'sGardenSentenceParaphrase2 Theendofmanuallaborwasliberating.(1)Mandelaistalkingaboutforcedlabor.Hefeltliberatedafterthemanuallaborhadbeenended.Thepresentparticipleoftheverbisusedasanadjectivetoexpresstheideaof“makingsbfeelliberated”.Herethewordcannotbereplacedby“l(fā)iberated”goto3BTLEWLesson7-Mandela'sGardenSentenceParaphrase2 Fillintheblankswiththeappropriateformofthewordgiven.Iwas_____tohearthestoryofhistravelsinSouthAfrica.(fascinate)Thebookoffersa_______glimpseofthelivesoftherichandfamous.(fascinate)Iwas____byallthecardsmyfriendssentmewhenIwasinhospital.(touch)Thewayshelookedafterherlittlesisterwasreally______.(touch)backto21.fascinated2.fascinating3.touched4.touchingBTLEWLesson7-Mandela'sGardenSentenceParaphrase3 Icouldnowspendthedayreading,writingletters,discussingissueswithmycomrades,orpreparinglegaldocuments.(1)Mandeladidnotaskforalawyer.Hehaddecidedtobehisownlawyer.Notethephrase“spendsometimeonsth/(in)doingsthgoto4BTLEWLesson7-Mandela'sGardenSentenceParaphrase4 Tosurviveinprison,onemustdevelopwaystotakesatisfactioninone’sdailylife.(2)tolearntoenjoy(doing)sthtakepride/delightinsth.nottodieinanaccidentorwar,orfromanillness,orunderextremelyharshconditionsInordernottodieandgoonlivinginprison,prisonersmustcultivatewaystolearntoenjoythemselvesintheirdailylife.goto5

generalreferencereferringtonooneinparticular.It’saformalusage.Ininformalwritingorspeech,“you”isused.BTLEWLesson7-Mandela'sGardenSentenceParaphrase5Buteventuallytheygavein,andwewereabletocutoutasmallgardenonanarrowpatchofearthagainstthefarwall.(3)markout/offButfinallytheyagreedunwillingly,andwewereabletomarkoutasmallgardenonastripofearthagainstthewallinthedistance.

goto6unwillingagreedBTLEWLesson7-Mandela'sGardenSentenceParaphrase6Thecourtyardhadbeenconstructedoveragarbagedump,andinordertostartmygarden,Ihadtoremoveagreatmanyrockstoallowtheplantsroomtogrow.(4)Aplacewheregarbageisunloadedandleftusedasadverbialofpurposegoto7totakeawayspace(U)BTLEWLesson7-Mandela'sGardenSentenceParaphrase7Atthetime,someofmycomradesjokedthatIwasamineratheart,forIspentmydaysinawastelandandmyfreetimedigginginthecourtyard.(4)Atthattime,someofmycomradessaidjokinglythatIwasreallyaminersinceIspentmydaysinalandwhichhadbeendesertedforalongtimeandmysparetimedigginginthecourtyard.Here“for”isaconjunctionusedtointroduceadverbialclauseofreason,thecommabefore“for”cannotbedeleted.goto8BTLEWLesson7-Mandela'sGardenSentenceParaphrase8 Theauthoritiesdidnotregretgivingpermission,foroncethegardenbegantoflourish,Ioftenprovidedthewarderswithsomeofmybesttomatoesandonions.(5)Thepersoninchargedidn’tfeelregretfulthattheyhadallowedmetohaveagardenbecauseassoonasthegardenbegantogrowwell,Ioftengavethewarderssomeofmybesttomatoesandonions.goto9BTLEWLesson7-Mandela'sGardenSentenceParaphrase9 WhileIhavealwaysenjoyedgardening,itwasnotuntilIwasbehindbarsthatIwasabletotendmyowngardens.(6)tolookafterinprisongoto10It’saconjunctionusedtointroduceadverbialclauseofconcession,whichisputbeforethemainclauseBTLEWLesson7-Mandela'sGardenSentenceParaphrase10OnceIwasinJohannesburgstudyingandthenworking,Ihadneitherthetimenorthespacetostartagarden.(6)usedtointroduce