外刊精讀與練習(xí)手機(jī)拍照的流行對(duì)傳統(tǒng)相機(jī)市場(chǎng)的影響導(dǎo)讀：智能手機(jī)的普及和社交媒體平臺(tái)的出現(xiàn)讓人們更加方便地拍攝并分享自己生活中的點(diǎn)點(diǎn)滴滴。如今，還有人會(huì)去購買傳統(tǒng)的照相機(jī)嗎？新技術(shù)的發(fā)明是否意味著傳統(tǒng)攝影將被推出歷史舞臺(tái)？本集《外刊精讀》探討這一話題，并介紹和“攝影”有關(guān)的英語詞匯。一、語篇泛讀Vocabulary:photography詞匯:攝影Wealllovetotakephotographs.It'sasimplewayto

capture

aspecialmoment,anamazingview,orjusttoshowoffyourartisticskills.Andit'sgreattolookbackthroughyourphoto

albums

andshareyourmemorieswithfriends.Inessence,theyshowa

snapshot

intime.Thishasn'treallychangedsincetheinventionofphotographyinthe1830s.Butonethingthathaschanged,istheequipmentweuse.Formanyyears,wehaveusedtraditionalcamerastotakeour

pictures

with.Ourimageswerecapturedontocamerafilmwhichwasthen

processed

into

negatives

fromwhichphotoswereprinted–alengthyprocess.Andwe'vehavehadarangeofcamerastochoosefrom–fromthesimple

compactcamera

tomoresophisticated

singlelensreflex,or

SLRcameras.Butthebiggestchangehascomewiththedevelopmentofdigitaltechnology.Thishasmadetakingphotosquickerandeasier.It'senabledustotakea

snap

andreviewourpicturesinstantly.We'vebeenableto

manipulate

themin

post-production,usingsoftwareonourcomputer.Andofcourse,we'vebeenabletosharethemlikeneverbefore–particularlyonsocialmedia.Ofcourse,nowwehavethe

smartphone

–aphonethatis,well,smartbecauseitcantakephotosandsometimesverygoodqualityones,andwecansharethemeasily.Sodoesthatmeanthetraditionalcamerawilleventuallybecomeobsolete?FiguresfromJapanshowhowthemarketisshrinking:shipmentsofcompactdigitalcamerasfromcompanieslikeOlympus,CanonandNikonweredown39%yearonyear.ButPhilHall,editorofTechRadarmagazinethinksthere'snothingtoworryabout.HetoldtheBBCthatwhilepeopleareswappingtheircompactcamerasforsmartphones,"manufacturersarelookingatthemore

higher-end

premium

cameras,high-endcompacts,

DSLRs,whicharetheonesyoucanattach

lenses

to,mirrorlesscameras."

Certainly,thegrowthofthesmartphonemeansmoreandmoreofusaretakingphotosanditopensoureyestothe

creative

possibilitiesitcanprovide.Andforsome,itcanbeafirststepintogettingintoseriousphotographyandpushingtheircreativeskills.Butwhatevercamera

viewfinder

weenduplookingthrough,it'simportanttorememberthebasicsoffocusing,goodlightingand

framing

-andgettingyoursubjectto

say'cheese!'二、詞匯表capture

拍攝

album相冊(cè)

snapshot

（一瞬的）概貌

picture照片

processed沖洗（膠片照片）

negative底片

compactcamera小型相機(jī)

SLRcamera單反相機(jī)

snap快照

manipulate處理（圖片）

post-production后期制作

smartphone智能手機(jī)

high-end高端的

premium優(yōu)質(zhì)的、高級(jí)的

DSLR

數(shù)碼單鏡反光相機(jī)

lens（相機(jī)）鏡頭

creative創(chuàng)意的，創(chuàng)造力的

viewfinder（相機(jī)）取景器

framing取景

say'cheese!'說“茄子”（照相時(shí)為了讓人微笑而說的話）三、測(cè)試與練習(xí)閱讀課文并回答問題。1.Whattypeoftechnologyhasmadetakingphotographseasier?2.Trueorfalse:

Acompactcameraisanexampleofasimpletypeofcamera.3.Whereisapopularplacetoshareourphotographsthesedays?4.Whatevidenceisthereinthearticletoshowthesalesofcompactcamerasisslowingdown?5.Whydoesthegrowthofsmartphonesmeanmoreofusaretakingphotographs?請(qǐng)?jiān)诓粎⒖颊n文的情況下完成下列練習(xí)。選擇一個(gè)意思合適的單詞填入句子的空格處。1.Ilikeyourpainting.Itmusthavebeenhardto______

thedifferentcolorsinthesky.snap

capture

manipulate

framing2.Ifyouwanttositinthefrontseatsoftheaeroplaneyouhavetopaya______.smartphone

high-end

premium

creative3.Goingtothemuseumgaveusa________ofwhatlifewaslikeduringthewar.snapshot

snap

snappedshot

snapshot4.MakingvideosforBBCLearningEnglishisavery______

process–cessed

premium

creative

manipulated5.Toencouragepeopletosmilewhentheirpictureisbeingtaken,weaskthemtosay______.cheesy!

cheesing!

chease!

cheese!【參考答案】1.閱讀課文并回答問題。1.Whattypeoftechnologyhasmadetakingphotographseasier?

Thebiggestchangeinphotographyhascomewiththedevelopmentofdigitaltechnology.2.Trueorfalse:

Acompactcameraisanexampleofasimpletypeofcamera.

True.Inthearticle,thistypeofcameraisdescribedasasimplecompactcamera.3.Whereisapopularplacetoshareourphotographsthesedays?

Socialmediaisapopularplacetoshareourphotographsthesedays.4.Whatevidenceisthereinthearticletoshowthesalesofcompactcamerasisslowingdown?

ThearticlementionsfiguresfromJapanthatshowhowthemarketisshrinking:shipmentsofcompactdigitalcamerasfromcompanieslikeOlympus,CanonandNikonweredown39%yearonyear.5.Whydoesthegrowthofsmartphonesmeanmoreofusaretakingphotographs?

Smartphoneshavebuilt-incameraswhichmakesiteasierforustotakeandsharephotos.2.請(qǐng)?jiān)诓粎⒖颊n文的情況下完成下列練習(xí)。選擇一個(gè)意思合適的單詞填入句子的空格處。1.Ilikeyourpainting.Itmusthavebeenhardto

capture

thedifferentcolorsinthesky.2.Ifyouwanttositinthefrontseatsoftheaeroplaneyouhavetopaya

premium.3.Goingtothemuseumgaveusa

snapshot

ofwhatlifewaslikeduringthewar.4.MakingvideosforBBCLearningEnglishisavery

creative

process–weuselotsofimaginationandideas.5.Toencouragepeopletosmilewhentheirpictureisbeingtaken,weaskthemtosay

cheese!認(rèn)識(shí)一下“九五后”這代年輕人導(dǎo)讀：你也許聽說過“九五后”這個(gè)稱謂。在西方很多國(guó)家，人們把出生于九十年代中葉后，2010年前的年輕人統(tǒng)稱為“Z世代”。有人認(rèn)為，出生于互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時(shí)代的他們對(duì)科技產(chǎn)物有著天生的敏銳感。你了解這代人嗎？你同意這種用年齡歸類的方式嗎？《外刊精讀》探討“Z世代”的特征，并介紹和“年輕人”有關(guān)的英語詞匯。一、語篇泛讀Whenwereyouborn?Ifitwasinthelateninetiesorearly

noughties,thenyou'vebeenclassifiedasbeingpartofGenerationZ.Butwhatdoesthatmeanandisitnecessarytogrouppeopleaccordingtotheirdateofbirth?Peoplehavealwaysbeendefinedbytheir

generation.Wehadthe

babyboomers

ofthe1960s,followedbyGenerationXandthenGenerationY,oftenreferredtoas

millennial,andthe‘newkidsontheblock'areGenerationZ–agedbetween16and22.It'seasytoclassifytheseyoungpeopleasallbeingthesame,sharingthesameattitudestowardslife–butisthatfair?AsurveybytheBBC'syouthradiochannel,RadioOne,foundthatpeoplefromGenerationZ,informallycalled'Z-ers',maybeviewedbyothersasshallowdigitalnatives,incapableof

real-world

friendships.Buttheyactuallyviewthemselvesashardworking,

entrepreneurial

andabouttochangetheworldforthebetter.It'san

ambitious

aim.Thepreviousgeneration,bornbetweenthemid-1980sandlate1990s-themillennial-werealsothoughttohavethesecharacteristics.ButaccordingtoHiralPatel,ananalystfromBarclays,manypeopleviewthisnewgenerationas"mini-millennia’s"ShetoldtheBBCthatZ-ersaredifferent"theyhavetheirownsetofvaluesandpreferenceswhichconsumerbrandsneedto

caterfor.OurresearchfoundthatGenZare

tech-innate,

hyper-informed

consumers,andextremely

savvy."It'struetosaythattechnologyisplayinganimportantpartinthelivesofGenerationZ,particularlyintheareaofsocialmedia.Infacttheyhavenotknownlifewithoutitandusingittocommunicate,shareideasandcampaignis

secondnature

–itistheir

norm.Itmeanstheyhavemoreofasayonwhatweeat,drinkandbuythananygenerationbeforethem.Theseyoungpeoplecertainlyneedtobelistenedtobyretailersandbusinesses–theyarethepeoplewith

timeontheirhands

andmoney.ButbeingaZ-ercomeswith

pressure.OneyoungpersontoldtheBBCsurvey"manypeopleinGenerationZhave

mentalhealthissues

becausethey'reunsurewhatthefuturewillbring."Thefuturealwaysbringsuncertaintiesbutmaybethereispressureforthisgenerationtobethemostsuccessfulever.Ifyou'reoneofthem,howdoyoufeelaboutyourfuture?二、詞匯表noughties

2000后至2010年

generation世代

babyboomer（二戰(zhàn)后至六十年代間）嬰兒潮一代出生的人

millennial

二十一世紀(jì)初期成年的千禧一代

newkidsontheblock初來乍到的人

real-world現(xiàn)實(shí)世界中的

entrepreneurial富有企業(yè)家精神的

ambitious

雄心勃勃的

caterfor迎合

tech-innate天生諳熟科技產(chǎn)物的

hyper-informed消息非常靈通的

savvy精通…的

secondnature習(xí)慣、習(xí)性

norm常規(guī)、常態(tài)

timeontheirhands有大把的時(shí)間

pressure壓力

mentalhealthissue心理健康問題三、測(cè)試與練習(xí)閱讀課文并回答問題。1.WhichgenerationcamebeforeGenerationX?2.WhathaveGenerationZneverlivedwithout?3.Trueorfalse?

GenerationZfeeltheyareunabletomakereal-lifefriendships.4.

Accordingtothearticle,whatcanthepressuresGenerationZexperienceleadto?5.WhyshouldretailersandbusinesseslistentowhatthepeopleofGenerationZaresaying?請(qǐng)?jiān)诓粎⒖颊n文的情況下完成下列練習(xí)。選擇一個(gè)意思合適的單詞填入句子的空格處。1.Ouruniversitycanteenhasto______

allkindsofdietaryrequirements.caterat

caterwith

caterfor

cateringfor2.Myfriendisverycomputer______

andhe'smanagedtoeasilyfixmylaptop.norm

pressure

savvy

tech-innate3.Asyou'vegot______,maybeyoucouldhelpmewiththehousework?handytime

timeonyourhands

timewithyourhands

handsontime4.Asfaraspopmusicisconcerned,the______

wereatimeofinnovation.noughties

generation

babyboomers

realworld5.Mysisterisgreatatsinginganddancingsotakingpartinthemusicalwas______

forher.norm

pressure

secondnature

realworld【參考答案】閱讀課文并回答問題。1.WhichgenerationcamebeforeGenerationX?

Thebabyboomergeneration.2.WhathaveGenerationZneverlivedwithout?

GenerationZhaveneverlived