蚌埠基礎(chǔ)性公共服務(wù)均等化問題與對(duì)策,公共管理碩士論文Sincethereformandopeningup,Chinaseconomicdevelopmenthasmaderemarkableachievements.Itsgrossdomesticproducthasrisenfrom0.36trillionyuanin1978to90.03trillionyuanin2021,andthepeopleslivingstandardshavealsoimprovedsignificantlywiththeeconomicdevelopment.However,therapideconomicdevelopmenthasalsoledtosomeincreasinglyprominentsocialdeep-seatedcontradictions,amongwhichthecontradictionbetweenthepeoplesdemandforbasicpublicservicesandthecurrentlevelofbasicpublicservicesisnothighandunequalurgentlyneedstobesolved.Inviewofthissituation,thePartyandthegovernmentattachgreatimportancetoandtakecontinuousmeasurestoenhancetheequalizationofbasicpublicservices.InthereportoftheThirdPlenarySessionoftheEighteenthCentralCommitteeoftheParty,itpointsout:Promotinginstitutionalinnovationinthesocialfield,promotingtheequalizationofbasicpublicservices,andacceleratingtheformationofascientificandeffectivesocialgovernancesystem.ThereportoftheNineteenthNationalCongressoftheCommunistPartyofChinaalsopointedoutthatthepublicservicesystemshouldbeimproved,thebasiclifeofthemassesshouldbeguaranteed,andthepeoplesgrowingneedsforabetterlifeshouldbeconstantlymet.Promotingtheequalizationofbasicpublicservicesisofgreatsignificanceforpromotingsocialequityandjustice,enhancingpeopleswell-being,enhancingthesenseofallthepeopleintheprocessofjointconstructionanddevelopment,andrealizingtheChinesedreamofgreatrejuvenationoftheChinesenation.Therefore,howtoprovidehigh-levelandequalizedbasicpublicservicesforthebroadmassesofthepeoplehasbecomeoneoftheimportanttopicsofourgovernment.TheresearchonEqualizationofpublicserviceshasalsobeencarriedoutextensivelyindomesticacademiccirclesandachievedfruitfulresults,butthereisstillabiggaptoachievetheequalizationofbasicpublicservices.Inrecentyears,Bengbuhaswitnessedrapideconomicandsocialdevelopment,andhasmaderemarkableachievementsinvariousundertakings.In2021,BengbuwonthetitleoftheFifthNationalCivilizedCity,andthesupplylevelofbasicpublicserviceshasalsoimprovedtoacertainextent.However,therearestillmanyproblemsintheequalizationofbasicpublicservices.ThemainreasonsarethatthedualsystemofurbanandruralareasinBengbuhasnotbeencompletelyeliminated,theincomegapbetweenurbanandruralresidentshaswidened,theperfectpublicfinancesystemhasnotbeenestablished,andthelackofspecificimplementationstandardsintheprocessofpromotingtheequalizationofbasicpublicservices.ThispaperhopestostudytheequalizationofbasicpublicservicesinBengbu,andprovidesuggestionsfortherealizationoftheequalizationofbasicpublicservicesinBengbu.Firstly,thispaperdefinesthebasicconnotationoftheequalizationofbasicpublicservicesinChinaonthebasisofdomesticandforeignresearchonbasicpublicservices,startingfromthecharacteristicsofthecurrentstageofChinaseconomicandsocialdevelopmentandtheneedsofpeopleslives.Then,thispapertakesBengbuCityasthestartingpoint,mainlyusingthemethodsofliteratureresearchandcasestudy,throughstudyingthebasicpublicservicestatusofBengbuCityinbasiceducationservices,publichealth,basicsocialsecurityandotheraspects,toanalyzetheproblemsandcausesoftheequalizationofbasicpublicservicesinBengbuCity.Duringthe13thFive-YearPlanperiod,Bengbuwillimproveitsbasicpublicservicesystem,improveitsserviceitemsandstandards,strengthentheguaranteeofpublicresourcesinvestment,continuouslyimproveitsco-constructioncapacityandsharinglevel,andspeeduptheconstructionofhealthyBengbu,culturalBengbuandpeacefulBengbuinaccordancewiththebasicrequirementsofinclusiveness,basicprotection,equalizationandsustainabledevelopment.HarmoniousBengbuandHumanisticBengbushouldstrivetoenhancethesenseofaccess,fairness,securityandwell-beingofthemasses,soastoachieveawell-offsocietyinanall-roundwayforthepeopleofBengbu.Atpresent,thebasiceducationservicesinBengbumainlyhavethreeproblems:unbalanceddistributionofschools,unbalancedconditionsofrunningschoolsandunbalancedteachers.ThepublichealthservicesinBengbumainlyhavethreeproblems:unequalallocationofmedicalandhealthresources,unequalallocationofmedicalandhealthtechniciansandunequalutilizationofmedicalandhealthservices.TherearethreemainproblemsinBengbusbasicsocialsecurity:theunevennumberofinsuredpeople,theunevenincomeandexpenditureofsocialsecurity,andtheunevensocialrelief.Themainreasonsfortheseproblemsinbasiceducationservices,publichealthservicesandbasicsocialsecurityinBengbuCityareasfollows:first,thepublicfinancesystemisnotperfectenough;second,thepublicservicesystemisdefective;third,thesupplymodeofpublicserviceissingle.Finally,onthebasisofearnestlystudyingtheadvancedmeasuresandsuccessfulexperiencesofsomedomesticcitiesandforeigncountriesinpromotingsocialpublicservices,thispaperputsforwardsomecountermeasurestopromotetheequalizationofbasicpublicservicesinBengbu.InviewoftheproblemsexistingintheequalizationofbasicpublicservicesinBengbuCity,themaincountermeasuresproposedinthispaperinclude:first,tobuildascientificpublicfinancesystem;second,toimprovetherelevantpublicservicesystem;third,torationallyinnovatethesupplymodeofpublicservices.ThispaperanalysestheproblemsBengbufacesfundamentally,drawslessonsfromthestrengthsandweaknesses,drawslessonsfromtheexperienceandquintessenceaccordingtothecurrentdevelopmentofothercountriesandcities,andputsforwardvaluablesuggestionsfromthepracticalsense,aimingatpromotingtheconstructionofbasicpublicservicesinBengbuandstrivingtopromotetheequalizationofbasicpublicservicesinBengbu.Keywords：publicservices;equalization;Bengbu.第1章緒論.1.1研究背景和意義.1.1.1研究背景.自改革開放以來，我們國家的社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)蓬勃發(fā)展，十分是隨著中華特點(diǎn)社會(huì)進(jìn)入現(xiàn)代，國家的綜合國力已然位居世界前列，經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力超過日本、德國等發(fā)達(dá)國家，社會(huì)發(fā)展正穩(wěn)步踏行在實(shí)現(xiàn)小康社會(huì)的發(fā)展道路上。在社會(huì)快速發(fā)展的同時(shí)，我們國家的基本國情固然沒有變化，仍處于并將長期處于社會(huì)初級(jí)階段，但是我們國家社會(huì)的主要矛盾已經(jīng)轉(zhuǎn)化為人民日益增長的美妙生活需要和不平衡不充分的發(fā)展之間的矛盾[1]。要解決這個(gè)主要矛盾，和任重而道遠(yuǎn)，華而不實(shí)一個(gè)很重要的方面就是要解決公共服務(wù)的供需矛盾。而公共服務(wù)的供需矛盾，詳細(xì)則具體表現(xiàn)出在了人民群眾對(duì)于基本公共服務(wù)的需求和不夠完善的、合理的公共服務(wù)體制之間的矛盾。因而，加快推進(jìn)基本公共服務(wù)的均等化，建立愈加科學(xué)、愈加合理的基本公共服務(wù)供應(yīng)體制，是當(dāng)下社會(huì)發(fā)展所面臨的一個(gè)重要課題。當(dāng)下，蚌埠市在城鎮(zhèn)發(fā)展方面已經(jīng)有了一套自個(gè)的體制，即以中心城市和城鎮(zhèn)為核心，并且大力發(fā)展城鎮(zhèn)建設(shè)。2021年，蚌埠市城鎮(zhèn)化率到達(dá)57.2%，相比2021年的55.31%年提高了3.42個(gè)百分點(diǎn)，進(jìn)入了城鎮(zhèn)化發(fā)展的中級(jí)階段，處于快速發(fā)展的黃金期[2]。但是，蚌埠市公共服務(wù)資源的分配不平衡問題日益突出，讓其均等化建設(shè)始終難以有效推進(jìn)。1.1.2研究意義.蚌埠市基本公共服務(wù)不均等化主要具體表現(xiàn)出在城鄉(xiāng)之間的差距較為明顯。城鄉(xiāng)一體化政策的施行，使得部分農(nóng)村原住居民從農(nóng)村居民轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)榱朔寝r(nóng)居民，村委會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)榫游瘯?huì)，但是這一部分的農(nóng)轉(zhuǎn)非農(nóng)只是從名稱上有所改變，相應(yīng)的基本公共服務(wù)政策卻還是維持原先的狀態(tài)，并沒有從根本上改變農(nóng)村居民的社會(huì)保障及福利問題，仍然存在較大的社會(huì)問題。例如，城鄉(xiāng)教育不平衡導(dǎo)致的教育業(yè)難題，就業(yè)不平衡問題以及年輕人就業(yè)難、就業(yè)崗位不平衡問題，醫(yī)療服務(wù)在城鄉(xiāng)不平衡導(dǎo)致看病難、住院難的問題，社會(huì)老齡化帶來的養(yǎng)老問題，社會(huì)保障方面的社保、低保問題等等。因而，研究蚌埠市基本公共服務(wù)的均等化具有特別重要的理論和現(xiàn)實(shí)意義?！惨弧忱碚撘饬x.研究蚌埠市基本公共服務(wù)的均等化，能夠