河南省鄭州市華信附屬中學高三英語期末試題含解析一、選擇題1.___________hardyoutry，itisdifficulttoloseweightwithoutcuttingdowntheamountyoueat.A．Whichever

B．Whatever

C．However

D．Whoever參考答案：C考查狀語從句連詞2.Theyoungmanwaswalking,withhisarms

acrosshisshoulders.

A．fold

B．folding

C．folded

D．tofold參考答案：C3.It’simportantforgraduatestofindaproperjob，

inwhichtheycanbringtheirpotential

intofullplay．

A．that

B．what

C．one

D．theone參考答案：C4.Whatkindofthingsdopeopleoftenbuyduring_____Christmasand_____SpringFestival?A．/;the B．the;/ C．the;the D．/;/參考答案：A5.--“Howlongdoyousupposeitis_______heleftforGermany?”--“Nomorethanhalfamonth.”A.when

B.before

C.after

D.since參考答案：D6.Dorahassomeshortcomingsbut______sheseemslikeanintelligent,likableperson.

A.onthecontrary

B.uptonow

C.tobeexact

D.onthewhole參考答案：D略7.Withsometechnicalproblemstobesolved,itmaybeawhile______thesystemisputintouse.A.when

B.after

C.since

D.before參考答案：D8.—Mum,wouldyoubuysomecherriesforme?Ilovethem.—I’dliketo,buttheyarenot________inwinter.A.accustomedB.convenientC.casualD.available參考答案：D9.—Hey,youarewantedonthephone.

—

I’mcoming.A.Sowhat?

B.Hangonaminute.C.That’sagoodpoint.

D.Whatashame!參考答案：B略10.Jack,tohis_______,refusedtogetinvolvedalthoughhisfriendsinsistedonhistryingthedrug.A.preference

B.surprise

C.credit

D.opinion

參考答案：C考查名詞的用法。句意：盡管他的朋友堅持吸毒，Jack拒絕卷入值得贊揚。toone’scredit值得贊揚，使受尊重，如：Tohiscredit，Jacknevertoldanyoneexactlywhathadhappened杰克對所發(fā)生的事守口如瓶，值得贊揚。A.preference偏愛；B.surprise吃驚；C.Credit表揚，信用；D.opinion意見。故選C。

11.—Alice,youdidn’tcometoTim’sbirthdaylastnight.—IwishedIhad,butmyparentsjustsimply______notletmeoutsolateatnight.

A.might

B.should

C.would

D.could參考答案：C12.—SomeChinesestudentsfinditdifficulttounderstandnativespeakerswheninLondon.—Exactly,______they’velearnedalotaboutgrammarandknownmanywords.A.ifonly

B.nowthatC.evenif

D.asif參考答案：C13.IjumpedwithjoythemomentI______mydriver’slicenseinthemail.A.receive B.received C.hadreceived D.wouldreceive參考答案：B【詳解】考查時態(tài)。句意：我一收到郵寄來的駕照，就高興得跳了起來。themoment引導的時間狀語從句，主句主語與從句主語幾乎同時發(fā)生，且句子都為一般過去時。故選B項。14.Somepeopleeatwiththeireyes.Theyprefertoorderwhat-

nice.A.looks

B.smells

C.feels

D.tastes參考答案：A考查系動詞辨析。與上句中的eatwiththeireyes相對，后句應該為點看起來很好吃的東西。故正確答案為A。15.—_____thathepickedupFrench?

—Itwasin2010_____hetraveledinFrance.A.Wasitwhen;that

B.Whenwasit;thatC.Wasitwhen;when

D.Whenwasit;when參考答案：D略16.Whatthescienceteacherdoesandsays____ofgreatimportancetocollegestudents.

A.was

B.are

C.is

D.were參考答案：C17.---DoIneedto______fortheparty?---Don’tbother.It’sonlyaninformalparty.Comeasyouare.A.turnup B.dressup C.giveup D.keepup參考答案：B18.Manypeoplebelievethatweareheadingfortheenvironmentaldisaster

wechangethewaywelive．

A．though

Bif

Cunless

D．but參考答案：C二、填空19.

FromSIRItoself-drivingcars,artificialintelligence(AI)isprogressingrapidly.WhilesciencefictionoftenpicturesAIasrobotswithhuman-likecharacteristics,AIcanincludeanythingfromGoogle’ssearchalgorithmstoIBM’sWatsontoautonomous（自動的）weapons.Overthelastseveraldecades,AIhasbecomecommoninourlives.WeplantripsusingGPSsystemsthatrelyonAltofindthebestroutetotake.AlalgorithmsdetectfacesaswetakepictureswithourphonesandrecognizethefacesofindividualpeoplewhenwepostthosepicturestoFacebook.InternetsearchenginesrelyonanAIsubsystem.Onanyday,AIprovideshundredsofmillionsofpeoplewithsearchresults,trafficpredictions,andrecommendationsaboutbooksandmovies.Severalcompaniesareworkingoncarsthatcandrivethemselves.Beyondtheinfluencesinourdailylives,AItechniquesareplayingamajorroleinscienceandmedicine.Forexample,AImethodshavebeenemployedrecentlytodiscoverinteractionsbetweenmedicinesthatputpatientsatriskforserioussideeffects.However,whenconsideringhowAImightbecomearisk,expertsthinktwopossibilities:TheAIisprogrammedtodosomethingdestructiveAutonomousweaponsareartificialintelligencesystemsthatareprogrammedtokill.Theywillhavenohumanguidanceafterbeingprogrammed.Theycanselectandfireupontargetswithoutanyhumanintervention.Sotheyareafundamentalchallengetotheprotectionofcivilians（平民）.Ifinthehandsofthewrongperson,theseweaponscouldeasilycausemassdeaths.TheAIisprogrammedtodosomethingbeneficial,butitdevelopsadestructivemethodforachievingitsgoal:Thiscanhappenwheneverwedon’thavethesamegoalsasAI.Ifyouaskanintelligentcartotakeyoutotheairportasfastaspossible,itmightgetyoutherechasedbyhelicoptersandcoveredinvomit,doingnotwhatyouwantedbutexactlywhatyouaskedfor.StephenHawking,ElonMusk,SteveWozniak,BillGates,andmanyotherbignamesinscienceandtechnologyhaverecentlyexpressedconcernabouttherisksposedbyAl.AIhasthepotentialtobecomemoreintelligentthananyhuman,wehavenosurewayofpredictinghowitwillbehave.Peoplenowcontroltheplanet,notbecausewe’rethestrongest,fastestorbiggest,butbecausewe’rethesmartest.Ifwe’renolongerthesmartest,areweassuredtoremainincontrol?

57．AIisprogressingrapidly,coveringmanyaspectsofourlife.BenefitsInour58．lives:59．onAI,wecanfindthebestrouteforourtrips.AIcanbeusedforfacialrecognitiononFacebook.Allkindsofinformationwillbe60．tomanypeopleontheInternet.Self-drivingcarswillbecomea61．oneday.

Inscienceandmedicine:AImethodscanhelpdoctorsdiscover62．betweenmedicines.63．Autonomousweaponswillendangerthesafetyofciviliansduetothe64．ofhumanguidanceorintervention.AIwillachieveitsgoalasprogrammedinadestructive65．regardlessofwhatyouwhat.ConcernsIfAIbecomessmarterthanhumans,wemay66．controloftheplanet.參考答案：57．Introduction

58．daily

59．Relying/Depending

60．a(chǎn)vailable/supplied

61．reality

62．interactions

63．Dangers/Risks

64．Lack

65．way/method

66．Lose20.TheYearofthedogbeganonFeb.16,2018accordingtotheChineseLunarcalendar.Thoughdogs61(see)ascompanionsandpartofthefamilytoday,ChinaandWesterncountriesdonothavethesamecultural62(belief)aboutdogs.InChinese,somewords63(concern)dogshavenotverygoodmeanings,suchas“Noivory(象牙)cancomeoutofadog’smouth”.ButinEnglish,thesituationis64(differ).“Everydoghashisday”describesapersonwithaperiodofgoodfortuneand“worklikeadog”isused65(describe)ahardworker.Thedog-humanrelationshipgoesright66tothebeginningsofWesterncivilization,andthefriendshipbetweenhumansanddogswasacommonsubjectforartists.67facts,peoplewereclosetodogsinawaytheyweren’tclosetocows,pigsorevenhorses.Farmersworked68(close)withdogs.Butevenaftersciencecametoagricultureanddogslost69traditionalroles,therelationshipbetweenmananddogsremained.NowadaysintheWest,millionsofpeoplekeepdogsaspets.Peoplefoodthem,takethemonholidays70lookafterthem.Inreturn,dogsareloyal(忠誠)inawaythatfriendssometimesaren’t.ThisloyaltyistheoriginoftheEnglishsaying,“Adogisman’sbestfriend.”參考答案：61.areseen

62.beliefs 63.concerning

64.different 65.todescribe66.back

67.In

68.closely

69.their

70.and三、閱讀理解21.MALEParticipantsNeededforSocialCommunicationStudyTheNeuropragmaticsandEmotionLabislookingforhealthymalevolunteerstoparticipateinanEEGexperimentonsocialcommunication.Youwillhearstimuliandmakedecisionsaboutstimulithatappearonascreen.WiththeEEGset-up,theentireparticipationwilltakeabout4.5hoursandisconductedat2001McGillCollegeAvenue.Thecompensationwillbe$10perhourforyourtimeandinconvenience.YouareexpectedtobeaMALEnativeCanadianEnglishspeaker,between18-30yearsold,right-handedandhavenormalhearing.Ifinterested,pleasecontactpell.lab.study@.PellLab:514-398-4400MALEUndergraduateParticipantsNeededTheCASCLabintheDepartmentofPsychologyatMcGillUniversity(supervisor:Dr.MelanieDirks)islookingformaleMcGillundergraduatestudentsbetweentheagesof18-25whoarewillingtocompleteaninterviewandaquestionnaireaboutchallengingfriendshipexperiences.Theinterviewwilllastapproximately2hours.Participantswillalsobeaskedtocompleteabriefonlinequestionnaireandtoreachouttothreeoftheirfriendswhomightalsobewillingtocompletethesamequestionnaire.Participantswillbecompensatedfortheirtime($20).Ifyouareinterested,pleasecontactthomas.khullar@mail.mcgill.ca.Thomas.Khullar:514-398-3725ParticipantsNeededforSocialCommunicationStudyThePellLabisseekingNorthAmericanEnglishspeakersforastudyonsocialcommunication.Youwilljudgeaudioandvideoclips(片段)showingsocialinteractionswhilewearinganEEGcapmeasuringbrainactivity.Thesessionisabout2hoursandcompensationis$30fortheexperiment.IfyouareinterestedandmeetALLthefollowingcriteria,pleaseemailpellabtest.eeg@.Pleaseprovideyourname,emailandtelephonenumber.Agebetween18-35yearsoldNativeNorthAmericanEnglishspeakersNormalhearingandnohistoryofmentalandneurologicaldisorderRight-handednessKellyHennegan:514-398-4400Ext.:000101.

TomeettherequirementsfortheEEGexperiment,youshouldbe_________.

A.betweentheagesof18-25

B.left-handedwithnormalhearing

C.healthyandabletoworkabout4--5hours

D.afemalenativeCanadianEnglishspeaker2.

WhatwilltheCASCLabexpectparticipantstodo?

A.Tocompleteadetailedonlinequestionnaire.

B.Todoaninterviewaboutsocialcommunication.

C.Toasksomefriendstodoanonlinequestionnaire.

D.Tojudgeaudioandvideoclipsshowingsocialinteractions.3.

Ifyouwanttobepaidbestperhour,youshouldcontact_____________.

A.514-398-3725 B.514-398-4400Ext:00010

C.Thomas.khullar@mail.megill.ca D.pell.lab.study@參考答案：1.C2.C3.B【名師點睛】關于細節(jié)理解題用細節(jié)定位法：細節(jié)理解題屬直接解答性問題，是閱讀理解題中最簡單的一種，多數(shù)屬中低難度的送分題。但由于高考所占的比例很大，應特別引起注意。事實和細節(jié)題的命題特點是：把某詞語、某個句子或某具體事實用不同于原文的另一方式或句型表達，即同義改寫。解答這類題的竅門是：A)注意掌握英語的多種表達法；B)正確分析詞語在句中的作用；C)熟練運用英語的句型轉換；D)讀懂題干所提出的問題，并準確地找到文中涉及該問題的句子。22.Fewthingscangetnormallycalmpeopleangrylikefindingaparkingticketattachedtothewindshieldoftheircars，especiallywhentheyseemundeserved．Butmostpeopledon’twanttoinvestthetimeandenergytobeatthem．NowanewiPhoneapp，F(xiàn)ixed，willtakeonthetaskofbeatingaticket：suggestingreasonsitmightbewrong，gatheringsupportingevidenceandsubmittingproperpaperworktogetdriversoutofthem.Ifthedriverbeatstheticket，theypayFixed25％ofwhatitwouldhavecost．“Whenyoumentionparkingticketstopeople，mostpeoplethinkthey’vereceivedanunfairone，”saidDavidHegarty，thedesignerofFixed，whocameupwiththeideaaftergettingsixparkingticketsinoneday．Whensomeonegetsaticket，theysnapaphotoofitontheiriPhoneandenterthecode．Theappwilltellthemwhatpercentageofthosetypesofticketsareusuallyoverturnedandthenshowalistofpossiblereasonsitcouldbefoundwrongsuchasatrafficsigncoveredbyaleafytreeorabrokenparkingmeter．Ifthemotoriststhinktheyhaveacase，theappwillremindthemtogetanyadditionalphotographicevidencewiththeirphoneandthendigitallysignaletter．Fixed’sbus