Period4RevisionStep1.KeywordsandphrasesStep2:Sentencestructures

Step3:Writingtask

RevisionRevisionVocabularyexpansionandexercisesRevisioninnovation/innovativeinnovationn.創(chuàng)新，革新；新方法；innovations(pl.)innovativeadj.革新的，創(chuàng)新的；新穎的；有創(chuàng)新精神的innovativelyadv.創(chuàng)新地1.我們必須提倡獨創(chuàng)性，激發(fā)創(chuàng)造力，鼓勵創(chuàng)新。Wemust__________________,________________and____________________.2.Hewasoneofthemost________(creation)and___________(innovation)moteoriginalityinspirecreativityencourageinnovationcreativeinnovativeRevisionDutchDutchadj.荷蘭的；荷蘭人的；荷蘭語的；n.荷蘭人；荷蘭語；Dutchman荷蘭人Dutchadv.費用平攤地；各自付賬地；goDutchAA制

theNetherlands荷蘭

（TheKingdomoftheNetherlands荷蘭王國）

1.Thisregionwassettledby__________________(荷蘭人)inthenineteenthcentury.2.English,________(荷蘭語),andGermanarethelanguagesofthesamelanguagefamily.3._______________(荷蘭)hasbeenreclaimingfarmlandfromwater.

4.UsuallyAmericans__________(各自付賬)whentheygoouttoeat,unlessitisunderstoodaheadoftimethatonepersonwillpayforeveryone.theDutch/DutchmenDutchTheNetherlandsgoDutch荷蘭一直在圍海造田。Revisioncomposecomposev.構(gòu)成；寫作；使平靜；排…的版；組成；作曲；排字becomposedof...由...構(gòu)成的 composeoneself使某人鎮(zhèn)定下來composern.作曲家 compositionn.作文，作曲，作品；[材]構(gòu)成；1.Thecommittee_____________(compose)of25expertsfromnationwide.2.England,ScotlandandWales____________(構(gòu)成)theislandofGreatBritain.3.IwassoupsetthatIcouldhardly_________________(鎮(zhèn)定下來).4.Wehadtowritea_____________(compose)onthesubject"MyPet."iscomposedcomposecomposemyselfcompositionRevisionethnicethnicadj.種族的；人種的，少數(shù)民族的； ethnicgroup同種同族的人群ethnicallyadv.種族上地，少數(shù)民族地；ethnicminoritygroup少數(shù)民族群體1.Theviolencewastheresultofpoliticaland_________(種族的)ethnicconflicts.2.____________(從種族上看)mostNorwegiansareNorthGermanic,whilesmallminoritiesinthenorthareFinnish.

從種族上看，挪威人大多數(shù)是北日耳曼人，而在北方的少數(shù)民族是芬蘭人。ethnicEthnicallyRevisioncontrastcontrastn.明顯的差異，對比，對照；contrastv.v.對比，對照；顯出明顯的差異，與……形成對比thecontrastbetween...and...與...之間的對比bycontrast/incontrast相比之下 incontrastto/with...與...截然不同contrast...with...把...與...相比 sharpcontrast鮮明的對比1.She___________(對比)thesituationthenwiththepresentcrisis.2.Iamnotgoodatexpressingmyself._____________(相比之下)Bycontrast,Iambetteratthinkingindeed.3.________________(與...不同)thepractices(慣例)inEurope,thefirstsettlerstocometoAmericadidnotwantaking,queen,orPope(教皇).contrastedByconrastIncontrastwithRevisionabstract/concreteabstractadj.純理論的；抽象的；抽象派的abstractn.摘要；抽象；抽象的概念； intheabstract理論上，概括地說

abstractv.摘要；提取；抽象化；退出；轉(zhuǎn)移；使心不在焉concreten.&adj.混凝土，具體的 intheconcrete實際上，具體的1.It'salsonecessarytosupplyan___________(摘要)ofthereviewoftheliteratureaswell.2.Amodern___________(抽象的)paintingtakesoveronecompletewall.3.Itiseasiertothinkin__________(具體的)termsratherthan_______________(理論上).4.She__________(概括)themainpointsfromtheargument.abstractabstractintheabstract用具體的概念來思考要比抽象思考容易些。concreteabstracted她把論據(jù)概括成要點。Revisiondistinct/distinctiondistinctadj.明顯的；獨特的；清楚的；有區(qū)別的，顯著的bedistinctfrom...不同于... asdistinctfrom與...不同的是distinctlyadv.明顯地，顯著地 distinctionn.區(qū)別；差別；特性；榮譽(yù)draw/makeadistinction區(qū)分1.There'salotofevidencethatoilyfish,_______________________(與肥肉不同的是),hasabeneficialeffect.2._____________(與...不同)westernpaintings,Chinesepaintingsaremoreabstract.3.Weneedto________________(區(qū)分)betweenthetwoevents.asdistinctfromfattymeat大量證據(jù)顯示，含油的魚肉與肥肉不同，具有益處。Distinctfrom與西方畫作不同，中國畫更加抽象。drawadistinctionRevisionliterallyliteraladj.字面的，按字面意思的，無夸張的literalmeaning字面意思 literaltranslation逐字翻譯法literallyadv.根據(jù)字面意思 ina/one'sliteralsense本義上，實際上1.Itisaword-by-word_______(字面的)translationoftheChinesegreetings.2.Theword'planet'________(根據(jù)字面意思)means'wanderingbody'.literalliterallyRevision短語練習(xí)ondisplay展出，陳列 cometolife恢復(fù)生氣，表現(xiàn)生動；soastodo為了，以便于 godeeperinto更深入地...bringout出版，生產(chǎn)；使顯示出 label...as...將…稱作；把……說成是unfamiliarwith(某人)對...(某事)不熟悉

sthbeunfamiliartosb某事對某人來說是不熟悉的

expectetheunexpected有備無患，接受預(yù)料之外的事情Revision1.A___________(challenge)situationcanoften___________(激發(fā)出)thebestqualitiesofaperson.2.Howcanfacultyimprovetheirteaching____________(為了)encouragecreativity?3.Sodon'trushto______yourownlife_____boring.4.Hewassoshockedthathecouldhardly____________(說出)aword.5.Networklanguagehas________________(深入到)thedailylifeandevenstartedtohavesomeimpactontraditionallanguage.

challengingbringoutsoastoaslabelbringoutgonedeepinto網(wǎng)絡(luò)語言已經(jīng)深入到日常生活中，甚至開始對傳統(tǒng)語言產(chǎn)生了影響。Revision6.Duringthattimewehavewarmweatherandfinedays.Allplants____________(復(fù)蘇).7.Shedoesn'tspeakJapaneseandis_______________Japaneseculture.8.Policeofficersmustbepreparedforthe____________(ecpect).9.Lifetendstohitusheadonanddespiteourbestmadeplansandpreparations,webetterlearnto_______________________(接受意料之外的情況).10.Pleasehighlightanytermsthatare_____________(不熟悉)etolifeunfamiliarwithunexpectedexpecttheunexpected無論我們的準(zhǔn)備工作做得多充分，計劃得多周全，生活總是會給我們迎頭痛擊，我們需要學(xué)會接受意料之外的情況。unfamiliartoRevisionSentencestructureto-infinitive-ingformpastparticipleaspredicative

Revision表語（Predicative）是指說明主語的身份、性質(zhì)、品性、特征和狀態(tài)的詞或從句，表語常由名詞、形容詞、介詞短語、動名詞、不定式來充當(dāng)，它常位于系動詞（be）之后。如果句子的表語是由一個句子充當(dāng)?shù)?，那么這個充當(dāng)表語的句子就叫做表語從句。Whatispredicative?Revision不定式作表語表示具體動作或?qū)韯幼?；動名詞作表語表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的常態(tài)行為。考點精講精練一：Whathelikesistakingawalkaftersupper.（經(jīng)常發(fā)生，常態(tài)）WhatIwouldsuggestistoputoffthemeeting.（將來發(fā)生，一次）Tobekindtotheenemy(條件)istobecrueltothepeople(結(jié)果).Tosee(條件)

istobelieve(結(jié)果).考點精講精練二：當(dāng)主語和表語都是不定式時，其含義主語是條件，賓語是結(jié)果，不可互換位置Revision當(dāng)主語是aim,duty,hope,idea,plan,purpose,suggestion等為中心詞的名詞詞組時，或以what引導(dǎo)的主語從句時，不定式說明主語的內(nèi)容。考點精講精練三：Mychiefpurposeistopointoutthedifficultiesofthematter.MydreamistobeascientistlikeTuYouyou.Hishobbiesatthetimewastocolloectforeignstamps.Revision動名詞作表語時，表示主語的內(nèi)容，表語與主語通常是對等的關(guān)系，可互換位置。如果句中的主語和表語同為非謂語動詞時，要注意保持兩個動詞在形式上的一致，要么都是動詞不定式，要么都是動名詞?？键c精講精練四：Yourtaskiscleaningthewindows.你的任務(wù)就是擦窗戶。(說明主語內(nèi)容)=Cleaningthewindowsisyourtask./Tocleanthewindowsisyourtask.WhatIhatemostisbeinglaughedat.我最痛恨的就是被別人嘲笑。(說明主語內(nèi)容)=BeinglaughedatiswhatIhatemost.Themostpopularpastimeisplayingchess.最大眾化的消遣是下棋。(說明主語內(nèi)容)=Playingchessisthemostpopularpastime./Themostpopularpastimeistoplaychess.RevisionThelastthingIwanttodoishurtyou.我最不愿做的事情就是傷害你。考點精講精練四：動詞不定式作表語時，如果前面的主語中有實義動詞do的形式，作表語的動詞不定式常省略to。典例練習(xí)WhatYangLiweiwantedtodowhenhegotoutofthespaceshipwas________thejoywithalltheChinese.A.share B.shared C.havingshared D.abouttoshareA主語從句中含有實義動詞do,表語中的動詞不定式要省略toRevision過去分詞作表語表示主語的狀態(tài)，被動語態(tài)表示動作本身。

考點精講精練五：Thelibraryisnowclosed.圖書館關(guān)門了。(過去分詞作表語，表示主語的狀態(tài))Thecupwasbrokenbymylittlesisteryesterday.茶杯昨天被我小妹打碎了。（被動語態(tài)，表示動作本身）Thecityissurroundedonthreesidesbymountains.這座城市三面環(huán)山。

(過去分詞作表語，表示主語的狀態(tài))Revisioninterest,bore,worry,surprise,frighten,amaze,

astonish,shock,tire等半使役類動詞通常用其過去分詞形式來描述人的狀態(tài)或感受，用-ing形式來描述事物的特征。考點精講精練六：ThebookisinterestingandI'minterestedinit.這本書很有趣，我對它很感興趣。It'sshocking

thatstudentscan'tspellthesedays.如今學(xué)生不會拼寫，真令人震驚。I'mamazedthattheyounggirlshouldgetthepost.我吃驚的是，這個小姑娘居然得到了這個職位。Revision考點精講精練七：動名詞作表語與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的區(qū)別，動名詞作表語說明主語的職責(zé)和功能等，和主語是對等故關(guān)系，主語和表語可以互換位置；現(xiàn)在分詞表示動作正在進(jìn)行，主語和謂語動詞不可互換位置。Myjobislookingafterthebaby.(lookingafterthebaby為表語，說明主語的職責(zé))=Lookingafterthebabyismyjob.Heislookingafterthebaby.(islookingafterthebaby是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時，說明動作正在進(jìn)行)=Lookingafterthebabyishe.Revision典例練習(xí)1.Wemusttreasureeveryminutebecause________timeis________forever.A.lost,losing B.lost,lost C.losing,losing D.losing,lost2.Herwishis________anengineer.A.becoming B.become C.tobecome D.became3.Somepeople'sgreatestpleasureis_________.A.fishing B.tofish C.tobefishing D.beingfish我們必須珍惜每一分鐘因為失去的時間再也不會回來。lost失去的，無法恢復(fù)的Revision典例練習(xí)1.Ithinkthebestthingyoushoulddois_______anotherjob.A.lookingfor B.lookedfor C.lookfor D.tolookfor2.Pleaseremain______untiltheplanehascometoacompletestop.A.toseat B.tobeseated C.seating D.seated3._______nowseemsimpossible.A.Savingmoney B.Tosavemoney C.Beingsavedmoney D.Tobesavedmoney存錢現(xiàn)在看上去是不可能的了。未發(fā)生，將來的事，要用動詞不定式請坐在座位上，直到飛機(jī)停下來。seat使就坐，描述人的狀態(tài)要用seated。Revision典例練習(xí)1.________tothinkcriticallyisanimportantskilltoday'schildrenwillneedforthefuture.A.Learning B.Learned C.Learning D.Havinglearned2.Toanswercorrectlyismoreimportantthan________.A.thatyoufinishquickly B.finishingquicklyC.tofinishquickly D.finishquickly3.Becauseofsevereweather,theonlywaytosendthemedicinewas________(use)thedog.句中的主語和表語同為非謂語動詞時，要注意保持對稱，要么都是動詞不定式，要么都是動名詞。touseRevisionWritingtask

HowtowriteaninvitationRevisionAninvitationshouldgivecleardetailsaboutthename,placeandtimeoftheevent,anddetailsabouthowtoreply.Aformalinvitationlettermayuseeitherthethirdpersonorfirstperson“we”withtheplacanddateoftenspeltout.

Thewordingandtoneshouldbeformalratherthanconversational.InvitationRevision發(fā)出邀請說明事由說明活動時間，地點，內(nèi)容等表達(dá)期待和感謝Step1:OpeningStateyourwillingnesstoinviteStep2:BodyStatedetailsaboutthename,placetimeandactivitiesoftheevent,andthewaytoreply.

Step3:EndingRestateyourinvitationandhopetogetrelpyassoonaspossible.RevisionOpeningDear××

..SchoolrequeststhehonorofyourpresenceattheopeningceremonyofTechArtFestival.Iamwritingtoinviteyoutoattenda.../I'mwritingtotellyouthattherewillbea...,whichwillbeheldin+place+date.I’mwritingtoinviteyoutojoinusasourhonoredguest/judge/instructorinthe...tobeheld...It’sapitythatyouhavetogobacktoAmericasoon.SoI’mwritingtoinviteyoutoattendafarewellparty,whichwillbeheldforyouintheSunClubthisSaturdayevening.RevisionBodyTheeventwillbeginatWilliamSportsCenterat6pmwithawelcomeaddressfollowedbyawardsceremony,eiththeeveningclosingat8pm.Herearesomedetailsaboutthisparty/lecture/festival.First,...willgiveusaspeech/show/....Afterthat,...willrunfromthetwelfthtothesixteenthofNovember...willfeaturetheworksofoveronehundredourstudents....willbeabletoseeandexperienceawi