人教版八年級下冊英語Unit4知識點精講Unit4Whydon’tyoutalktoyourparents?課時1SectionA（1a-2d)學習目標：學會描述人們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪杏龅降母鞣N問題。理解并運用Whydon’tyou...?及should/could提出合理的建議。（重點）課堂導學：Whydon’tyoutalktoyourparents?你為什么不同你的父母談一談呢？句型1：Whydon’tyoudo...?Whydon’tyoudo...?=Whynotdo...?意為“（你）為什么不做......呢？”用來向?qū)Ψ教岢鼋ㄗhWhydon’tyoutryagain?即學即練一根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子為什么不躺下休息一下呢？Whynotliedownandrestforawhile.Myparentsdon’tallowmetohangoutwithmyfriends.我的父母不允許我和我的朋友們閑逛。單詞1：allow允許；準許allow是動詞，意為“允許；準許”，側(cè)重聽從、不阻止，通常用于下列結(jié)構(gòu)中：allowsb.todosth.(允許某人做某事）Mymotherdidn’tallowmetodrivehercat.beallowedtodosth.（被允許做某事）Passengersarenotallowedtosmokeonthebus.allowdoingsth.(允許做某事）Theydon’tallowtalkinginpublicplaces.短語1：hangout閑逛；閑蕩hangout為動詞短語，意為“閑逛；閑蕩”。hang作“絞死”講時，其過去式和過去分詞都為hanged;作“懸掛”講時，其過去式和過去分詞都為hung。IlikehangingoutwithmyfriendswhenIamfree.Themurdererwascaughtandhanged.拓展：hangout還可表示”晾曬；掛出去”。Peoplehangflagsoutonthenationalholiday.即學即練二單項選擇1（2014.重慶中考）Thelittlegirlwascryingbecausehermotherdidn’tallowherCtheice-cream.A.eatB.eatsC.toeatD.ate2.JennyBoutwithherfriendsthedaybeforeyesterday.A.hangB.hungC.hangedD.hangsWell,Ifoundmysisterlookingthroughmythingsyesterday.嗯，昨天我發(fā)現(xiàn)我妹妹在翻看我的東西。短語2：findsb.doingsth.發(fā)現(xiàn)某人正在做某事findsb.doingsth.意為“發(fā)現(xiàn)某人正在做某事”，強調(diào)動作正在進行。Ifindagirldancingunderthetree.短語3：lookthrough瀏覽；翻看lookthrough為動副短語，意為“瀏覽；翻看”。其后可接名詞或代詞作賓語。若接名詞作賓語，名詞可放在look和through之間，也可放在through之后；若接代詞作賓語，代詞須放在look和through的中間。Mr.Whitespendshalfanhourlookingthroughthenewspaper.即學即練三單項選擇Whenhearrivedattheoffice,hefoundalltheworkersA.workingB.workC.toworkD.workedLookBthepassagefirst,andthenreaditcarefully.upB.throughC.downD.atHopethingsworkout.希望事情順利解決。短語4：workout成功地發(fā)展；產(chǎn)生結(jié)果；解決；算出Workout為動詞詞組，在此相當于一個不及物動詞，意為“成功地發(fā)展；產(chǎn)生結(jié)果”。Workout還可看作“動詞+副詞”結(jié)構(gòu)的短語，相當于一個及物動詞，意為“解決；算出”，后接名詞或代詞作賓語。Allthethingsworkedoutquitewell.Idon’tknowwhetherhewillbeabletoworkitout.即學即練四根據(jù)漢語提示完成句子Youcanworkout（算出）theanswerbyaddingallthenumbers.課時2SectionA（3a-4c)學習目標：一、繼續(xù)鞏固Whydon’tyou...?及should/could的用法。（重點）二、學會表達自己的煩惱，并會給別人提出建議。課堂導學：1.MyproblemisthatIcan’tgetonwithmyfamily.我的問題是我不能和我的家人和睦相處。短語1：getonwith...與......相處Getonwith...意為“與......相處”，相當于getalongwith...。Getonwellwithsb.表示“與某人相處融洽”,getonbadlywithsb.表示“與某人相處不好/不融洽”。Howdoyougetonwithyournewclassmates?Maryisgettingonwellwithherlittlecousin.拓展：getonwith...還可表示“......進展如何”。HowdoeshegetonwithhisEnglish.即學即練一單項選擇甘肅蘭州中考）GoodmannerscanmakepeopleAeachother.getonwellwithB.getoffC.getoverD.getawayIt’stheonlycommunicationtheyhave.那是他們有的唯一的交流。單詞1：communication溝通；交流Chattingonlineisanewkindofcommunicationforyoungpeople.拓展：communicate為不及物動詞，意為“交流；溝通”，其過去式為communicated。Communicatewithsb.意為“與某人交流”。Theycommunicatewitheachotherbyletters.即學即練二單項選擇It’simportantfortheparentstocommunicateCtheirchildren.A.onB.toC.withD.aboutWhentheyargue,it’slikeabig,blackcloudhangingoverourhome.當他們爭吵時，我們家上空就像籠罩著一大片烏云。單詞2：argue爭吵；爭論Argue是不及物動詞，意為“爭吵，爭論。常用短語有：arguewithsb.(sboutsth.)意為“（因某事）和某人爭吵”，argueaboutsth.意為“因為某事而爭論”。Heoftenargueswithhisparents.拓展：argument為argue的名詞形式，意為“爭吵；爭論”。短語haveanargumentwithsb=arguewithsb.意為“和某人爭吵”。Youshouldn’thaveanargumentwithyourteacheraboutthehomework.即學即練三單項選擇HisparentsarearguingAmoney.aboutB.withC.toD.of根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子昨天蒂姆同他弟弟爭吵了。Timarguedwithhisbrotheryesterday.HealwaysrefusestoletmewatchmyfavoriteTVshow.他總是拒絕讓我看我最喜歡的電視節(jié)目。短語2：refusetodosth.拒絕做某事Refuse意為“拒絕”，后可接名詞、代詞或不定式作賓語。Sherefusedhisgift.Youshouldn’trefusetohelphimwithhisEnglishstudy.即學即練四用所給詞的適當形式填空Mr.Blackwasinvitedforagameofpoker,butherefusedtoplay(play).Insteadhewatcheswhateverhewantsuntillateatnight.而他看任何他想看的節(jié)目一直到深夜。單詞3：instead代替；反而；卻Instead作副詞，意為“代替；反而；卻”。在句中獨立作狀語，放在句首或句尾均可。Ifyouarebusy,youmaycomeanotherdayinstead.Sheneverstudies.Instead,sheplaystennisallday.拓展：insteadof為介詞短語，意為“代替；而不是......”，用于句中，后常跟名詞、代詞或動名詞。Theyusecottoninsteadofsilk.單詞4：whatever無論什么；不管什么；任何（事物）。Whatever意為“無論什么；不管什么；任何（事物）”，相當于nomatterwhat,可用于引導讓步狀語從句。Whateverhappens,youmustn’tloseheart.即學即練五單項選擇－Howwillshedealwiththework?－Shedoesn’twanttodoitbyherself.ShewantstoasksomeoneelsetodoitB.yetB.insteadC.tooD.eitherBDaviddoes,heiswelcome.A.whereverB.whicheverC.howeverD.whateverIfyourparentsarehavingproblems,youshouldoffertohelp.如果你父母（之間）有問題，你應該主動提供幫助。單詞5：offer主動提出；自愿給予offer作動詞，意為“主動提出；自愿給予”。常用短語offersb.sth.(=offersthtosb)意為“（主動地）給某人某物”，offertodosth.“主動提出做某事”。Heofferedtheoldmanhisownseatonthebus.Heofferedtolendmehisbike.即學即練六單項選擇－ThelittlegirlBherumbrellatothatoldman.－Whatakindgirl!A.broughtB.offeredC.sellD.borrowedMaybeyoucoulddomorejobsaroundthehousesothattheyhavemoretimeforpropercommunication.或許你可以在家里多干些活，那樣的話他們就有更多的時間來恰當?shù)亟涣髁?。短語3：sothat以便；為了Sothat意為“以便；為了”，在此引導目的狀語從句。此時可與Inorderthat互換；從句常含有情態(tài)動詞may,might,can,could,should,would等。ThelittleboysavedeverycoinsothathecouldbuyhismotherapresentonMother’sDay.即學即練七單項選擇ShelearnsEnglishhardAshecancommunicatebetterwithforeigners.A.sothatB.assoonasC.nomatterD.suchthat課時3SectionB（1a-2e)學習目標：一、掌握compete,continue等及cutout,compare...with...等重點詞匯及短語的用法。（重點）二、能夠談論自己在生活和學習中的壓力，并為緩解壓力找到解決辦法。課堂導學：Ihavetocompetewithmyclassmatesatschool.在學校里我得和我的同學們競爭。單詞1：compete競爭；對抗Competewith...意為“和......競爭/對抗”。Wecan’tcompetewiththemonprice.即學即練一單項選擇Wecan’tCwithothercountriesintradeifwedon’tdevelopournationaleconomy.A.attackB.bargainC.competeD.replaceMaybeIcouldcutafewoftheiractivities,butIbelievetheseactivitiesareimportantformychildren’sfuture.或許我們可以刪去一些他們的活動，但是我相信這些活動對我的孩子們的未來很重要。短語1：刪除；刪去Cutout是動副詞組，后接名詞作賓語時，名詞可放在cut和out中間，也可以放在out之后；后接代詞作賓語時，代詞要放在cut和out中間。You’dbettercutoutthelasttwoparagraphsofyourarticle.提示：cutout還可表示“剪下；切斷；停止”。Hecutoutthepicturefromthenewspaper.即學即練二根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子如果你認為帶的物品太多，請去掉一部分。Ifyouthinkyoutaketoomanythings,pleasecutsomeout.However,thetiredchildrendon’tgethomeuntilafter7:00p.m.然而，這些疲憊的孩子們直到下午7點鐘后才到家。句型1：not...until...直到......才......not...until...直到......才......引導時間狀語從句，表示主句謂語的動作直到until狀語所表示的時間才發(fā)生，主句的謂語動詞常用非持續(xù)性動詞。主句是一般將來時態(tài)，until引導的時間狀語從句用一般現(xiàn)在時。Hedidn’tgohomeuntilhefinishedhiswork.Iwon’tbelieveituntilIseeitwithmyowneyes.拓展：until用于肯定句時，意為“直到”，且主句的動詞必須是持續(xù)性動詞。Hewaitsuntilthechildrenfallasleep.即學即練三單項選擇Manystudentsdidn’trealizetheimportanceofstudyBtheyleftschool.A.whenB.untilC.asD.after“Insomefamilies,competitionstartsveryyoungandcontinuesuntilthekidsgetolder”,shesays.她說：“在一些家庭中，競爭從孩子們很小時就開始了并且一直持續(xù)到他們長大些”。單詞：continue持續(xù)；繼續(xù)continuewithsth.意為“繼續(xù)某事”，continuedoingsth.=continuetodosth.意為“繼續(xù)做某事”。Afterlunch,mymothercontinueswithherhousework.Althoughitwasdark,theycontinuedworkinginthefield.即學即練四單項選擇AreyougoingtocontinueCthisproject?toB.aboutC.withD.of用所給詞的適當形式填空Afterdinner,theycontinueddissing/todiscuss(discuss)theproblems.Andtheyarealwayscomparingthemwithotherchildren.并且他們總是把他們和其他孩子作比較。短語2：compare...with...把......和......作比較Heoftencomparesartwithsports.拓展：compare...to...意為“把......比作......”。Theycomparethechildrentothesun.即學即練五單項選擇Myhandwritingcan’tbecomparedBmyfriend’s.A.toB.withC.onD.forDoctorssaytoomuchpressureisnotgoodforachild’sdevelopment.醫(yī)生說太多的壓力對孩子的發(fā)展不利。短語3:begoodfor...對......有好處；對......有益。反義短語為bebadfor...（對......有害）Eatingmorefruitisgoodforyourhealth.歸納：good的常用搭配begoodto對......友好（反義短語bebadto...對......不好）begoodat擅長；在......方面做得好（反義短語bebadat...在......做得不好）即學即練