2004年全國(guó)碩士研究生入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試英語(yǔ)

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SectionIListeningComprehension

Directions：

Thissectionisdesignedtotestyourabilitytounderstand

spokenEnglish.Youwillhearaselectionofrecordedmaterials

andyoumustanswerthequestionsthataccompanythem.There

arethreepartsinthissection，PartA，PartBandPartC.

Remember，whileyouaredoingthetest，youshouldfirst

putdownyouranswersinyourtestbooklet.Attheendofthe

listeningcomprehensionsection，youwillhave5minutesto

transferallyouranswersfromyourtestbooklettoANSWERSHEET

1.

NowlookatPartAinyourtestbooklet.

PartA

Directions：

Forquestions1-5，youwillhearatalkaboutthe

geographyofBelgium.Whileyoulisten，filloutthetablewith

theinformationyouhaveheard.Someoftheinformationhasbeen

giventoyouinthetable.Writeonly1wordornumberineach

numberedbox.Youwillheartherecordingtwice.Younowhave

25secondstoreadthetablebelow.（5points）

GeographyofBelgium

Threemainregions

coastalplain

centralplateau

1

Highestaltitudeofthecoastalplain

m

2

Climatenearthesea

humid

3

Particularlyrainymonthsoftheyears

April

4

AveragetemperaturesinJulyinBrussels

low

13℃

high

℃

5

PartB

Directions：

ForQuestions6-10，youwillhearaninterviewwithMr.

SaffofromtheInstitutefortheFuture.Whileyoulisten，

completethesentencesoranswerthequestions.Usenotmore

than3wordsforeachanswer.Youwillheartherecordingtwice.

Younowhave25secondstoreadthesentencesandquestions

below.（5points）

WhatisSaffoaccordingtohimself？

TheInstitutefortheFutureprovidesservicestoprivate

companiesand

TheInstitutebelievesthattothinksystematicallyabout

thelong-rangefutureis

Tosucceedinanything，oneshouldbeflexible，curious

and

WhatdoesSaffoconsidertobeessentialtotheworkofa

team？

6

7

8

9

10

PartC

Directions：

Youwillhearthreepiecesofrecordedmaterial.Before

listeningtoeachone，youwillhavetimetoreadthequestions

relatedtoit.Whilelistening，answereachquestionby

choosingA，B，CorD.Afterlistening，youwillhavetime

tocheckyouranswers.Youwillheareachpieceonceonly.（10

points）

Questions11-13arebasedonthefollowingtalkabout

namingnewborns.Younowhave15secondstoreadQuestions11-13.

11.Whatdoweoftendowiththethingswelove？

[A]Askfortheirnames.

[C]Putdowntheirnames.

[B]Namebabiesafterthem.

[D]Choosenamesforthem.

12.Theunpleasantmeaningofanoldfamilynameisoften

overlookedif

[A]thefamilytreeisfairlylimited.

[B]thefamilytieisstrongenough.

[C]thenameiscommonlyused.

[D]nobodyinthefamilycomplains.

13.Severalmonthsafterababy‘sbirth，itsnamewill

[A]showthebeautyofitsown.

[B]developmoreassociations.

[C]losetheoriginalmeaning.

[D]helpformthebaby‘spersonality.

Questions14-16arebasedonthebiographyofBobbyMoore，

anEnglishsoccerplayer.Younowhave15secondstoread

Questions14-16.

14.HowmanymatchesdidMooreplayduringhisprofessional

career？

[A]90.

[B]108.

[C]180.

[D]668.

15.In1964，BobbyMoorewasmade

[A]England‘sfootballeroftheyear.

[B]asoccercoachinWestGermany.

[C]amedalistforhissportsmanship.

[D]anumberoftheOrderoftheBritishEmpire.

16.AfterMooreretiredfromplayin，gthefirstthinghe

didwas

[A]editingSundaySport.

[B]workingforCapitalRadio.

[C]managingprofessionalsoccerteams.

[D]developingasportsmarketingcompany.

Questions17-20arebasedonthefollowingtalkonthe

cityofBelfast.Younowhave20secondstoreadQuestions17

-20.

17.Belfasthaslongbeenfamousforits

[A]oilrefinery.[B]linentextiles.

[C]foodproducts.[D]deepwaterport.

18.WhichofthefollowingdoesBelfastchieflyexport？

[A]Soap.[B]Grain.[C]Steel.[D]Tobacco.

19.WhenwasBelfastfounded？

[A]In1177.

[B]In1315.

[C]Inthe16thcentury.[D]Inthe17thcentury.

20.WhathappenedinBelfastinthelate18thcentury？

[A]Frenchrefugeesarrived.

[B]Theharborwasdestroyed.

[C]Shipbuildingbegantoflourish.

[D]ThecitywastakenbytheEnglish.

Younowhave5minutestotransferallyouranswersfrom

yourtestbooklettoANSWERSHEET1.

SectionIIUseofEnglish

Directions：Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword

（s）foreachnumberedblankandmarkA，B，CorDonANSWER

SHEET1.（10points）

Manytheoriesconcerningthecausesofjuvenile

delinquency（crimescommittedbyyoungpeople）focuseither

ontheindividualoronsocietyasthemajorcontributing

influence.Theories（21）____ontheindividualsuggestthat

childrenengageincriminalbehavior（22）____theywerenot

sufficientlypenalizedforpreviousmisdeedsorthattheyhave

learnedcriminalbehaviorthrough（23）____withothers.

Theoriesfocusingontheroleofsocietythatchildrencommit

crimesin（24）____totheirfailuretoriseabovetheir

socioeconomicstatus（25）____asarejectionofmiddle-class

values.

Mosttheoriesofjuveniledelinquencyhavefocusedon

childrenfromdisadvantagedfamilies，（26）____thefactthat

childrenfromwealthyhomesalsocommitcrimes.Thelattermay

commitcrimes（27）____lackofadequateparentalcontrol.

Alltheories，however，aretentativeandare（28）____to

criticism.

Changesinthesocialstructuremayindirectly（29）____

juvenilecrimerates.Forexample，changesintheeconomythat

（30）____tofewerjobopportunitiesforyouthandrising

unemployment（31）____makegainfulemploymentincreasingly

difficulttoobtain.Theresultingdiscontentmayin（32）____

leadmoreyouthsintocriminalbehavior.

Familieshavealso（33）____changestheseyears.More

familiesconsistofoneparenthouseholdsortwoworking

parents；（34）____，childrenarelikelytohaveless

supervisionathome（35）____wascommoninthetraditional

family（36）____.Thislackofparentalsupervisionisthought

tobeaninfluenceonjuvenilecrimerates.Other（37）____

causesofoffensiveactsincludefrustrationorfailurein

school，theincreased（38）____ofdrugsandalcohol，and

thegrowing（39）____ofchildabuseandchildneglect.All

theseconditionstendtoincreasetheprobabilityofachild

committingacriminalact，（40）____adirectcausal

relationshiphasnotyetbeenestablished.

21.[A]acting

cementing

[B]relying

[C]centering

[D]

22.[A]before

[B]unless

[C]until

[D]because

23.[A]interactions

cooperation[D]consultation

[B]assimilation

[C]

[D]

24.[A]return

response

[B]reply

[C]reference

25.[A]or

[B]butrather

[C]but

[D]orelse

26.[A]considering[B]ignoring[C]highlighting

[D]discarding

27.[A]on[B]in[C]for[D]with

28.[A]immune[B]resistant[C]sensitive[D]

subject

29.[A]affect[B]reduce[C]chock[D]reflect

30.[A]point[B]lead[C]come[D]amount

31.[A]ingeneral[B]onaverage[C]bycontrast

[D]atlength

32.[A]case[B]short[C]turn[D]essence

33.[A]survived[B]noticed[C]undertaken[D]

experienced

34.[A]contrarily[B]consequently[C]similarly

[D]simultaneously

35.[A]than[B]that[C]which[D]as

36.[A]system[B]structure[C]concept[D]

heritage

37.[A]assessable[B]identifiable[C]negligible

[D]incredible

38.[A]expense[B]restriction[C]allocation

[D]availability

39.[A]incidence[B]awareness[C]exposure[D]

popularity

40.[A]provided[B]since[C]although[D]

supposing

SectionIIIReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions：Readthefollowingfourtexts.Answerthe

questionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA，B，CorD.Markyour

mowersonANSWERSNEET1.（40points）

Text1

Huntingforajoblatelastyear，lawyerGantRedmon

stumbledacrossCareerBuilder，ajobdatabaseontheInternet.

Hesearcheditwithnosuccessbutwasattractedbythe

site‘s“personalsearchagent”。It’saninteractive

featurethatletsvisitorskeyinjobcriteriasuchaslocation，

title，andsalary，thenE-mailsthemwhenamatchingposition

ispostedinthedatabase.Redmonchosethekeywordslegal，

intellectualproperty，andWashington，D.C.Threeweekslater，

hegothisfirstnotificationofanopening.“Istruckgold，

‘saysRedmon，whoE-mailedhisresumetotheemployerandwon

apositionasin-housecounselforacompany.

Withthousandsofcareer-relatedsitesontheInternet，

findingpromisingopeningscanbetime-consumingand

inefficient.Searchagentsreducetheneedforrepeatedvisits

tothedatabases.ButalthoughasearchagentworkedforRedmon，

careerexpertsseedrawbacks.Narrowingyourcriteria，for

example，mayworkagainstyou：“Everytimeyouanswera

questionyoueliminateapossibility.”saysoneexpert.

Foranyjobsearch，youshouldstartwithanarrow

concept——whatyouthinkyouwanttodo——thenbroaden

it.“Noneoftheseprogramsdothat，”saysanother

expert.“There‘snocareercounselingimplicitinallof

this.”Instead，thebeststrategyistousetheagentasakind

oftipservicetokeepabreastofjobsinaparticulardatabase；

whenyougetE-mail，consideritaremindertocheckthe

databaseagain.“Iwouldnotrelyonagentsforfinding

everythingthatisaddedtoadatabasethatmightinterest

me，”saystheauthorofajob-searchingguide.

Somesitesdesigntheiragentstotemptjobhuntersto

return.WhenCareerSite‘sagentsendsoutmessagestothose

whohavesignedupforitsservice，forexample，itincludes

onlythreepotentialjobs——thoseitconsidersthebest

matches.Theremaybemorematchesinthedatabase；jobhunters

willhavetovisitthesiteagaintofindthem——andthey

do.“Onthedayafterwesendourmessages，weseeasharp

increaseinourtraffic，”saysSethPeets，vicepresidentof

marketingforCareerSite.

Eventhosewhoaren‘thuntingforjobsmayfindsearch

agentsworthwhile.Someusethemtokeepaclosewatchonthe

demandfortheirlineofworkorgatherinformationon

compensationtoarmthemselveswhennegotiatingforaraise.

Althoughhappilyemployed，Redmonmaintainshisagentat

CareerBuilder.“Youalwayskeepyoureyesopen，”hesays.

Workingwithapersonalsearchagentmeanshavinganotherset

ofeyeslookingoutforyou.

41.HowdidRedmonfindhisjob？

[A]Bysearchingopeningsinajobdatabase.

[B]Bypostingamatchingpositioninadatabase.

[C]Byusingaspecialserviceofadatabase.

[D]ByE-mailinghisresumetoadatabase.

42.Whichofthefollowingcanbeadisadvantageofsearch

agents？

[A]Lackofcounseling.[B]Limitednumberofvisits.

[C]Lowerefficiency.

[D]Fewersuccessfulmatches.

43.Theexpression“tipservice”（Line4，Paragraph3）

mostprobablymeans

[A]advisory.

[D]reminder.

[B]compensation.

[C]interaction.

44.WhydoesCareerSite‘sagentoffereachjobhunteronly

threejoboptions？

[A]Tofocusonbetterjobmatches.

[B]Toattractmorereturningvisits.

[C]Toreservespaceformoremessages.

[D]Toincreasetherateofsuccess.

45.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothetext？

[A]Personalsearchagentsareindispensableto

job-hunters.

[B]SomesiteskeepE-mailingjobseekerstotracetheir

demands.

[C]Personalsearchagentsarealsohelpfultothose

alreadyemployed.

[D]Someagentsstopsendinginformationtopeopleonce

theyareemployed.

Text2

Overthepastcentury，allkindsofunfairnessand

discriminationhavebeencondemnedormadeillegal.Butone

insidiousformcontinuestothrive：alphabetism.This，for

thoseasyetunawareofsuchadisadvantage，refersto

discriminationagainstthosewhosesurnamesbeginwithaletter

inthelowerhalfofthealphabet.

IthaslongbeenknownthatataxifirmcalledAAAAcars

hasabigadvantageoverZodiaccarswhencustomersthumb

throughtheirphonedirectories.Lesswellknownisthe

advantagethatAdamAbbotthasinlifeoverZo？Zysman.

Englishnamesarefairlyevenlyspreadbetweenthehalvesof

thealphabet.Yetasuspiciouslylargenumberoftoppeoplehave

surnamesbeginningwithlettersbetweenAandK.

ThustheAmericanpresidentandvice-presidenthave

surnamesstartingwithBandCrespectively；and26ofGeorge

Bush‘spredecessors（includinghisfather）hadsurnamesin

thefirsthalfofthealphabetagainstjust16inthesecond

half.Evenmorestriking，sixofthesevenheadsofgovernment

oftheG7richcountriesarealphabeticallyadvantaged

（Berlusconi，Blair，Bush，Chirac，ChrétienandKoizumi）。

Theworld’sthreetopcentralbankers（Greenspan，Duisenberg

andHayami）areallclosetothetopofthealphabet，even

ifoneofthemreallyusesJapanesecharacters.Asarethe

world‘sfiverichestmen（Gates，Buffett，Allen，Ellison

andAlbrecht）。

Canthismerelybecoincidence？Onetheory，dreamtupin

allthesparetimeenjoyedbythealphabeticallydisadvantaged，

isthattherotsetsinearly.Atthestartofthefirstyear

ininfantschool，teachersseatpupilsalphabeticallyfromthe

front，tomakeiteasiertoremembertheirnames.So

short-sightedZysmanjuniorgetsstuckinthebackrow，and

israrelyaskedtheimprovingquestionsposedbythose

insensitiveteachers.Atthetimethealphabetically

disadvantagedmaythinktheyhavehadaluckyescape.Yetthe

resultmaybeworsequalifications，becausetheygetless

individualattention，aswellaslessconfidenceinspeaking

publicly.

Thehumiliationcontinues.Atuniversitygraduation

ceremonies，theABCsproudlygettheirawardsfirst；bythe

timetheyreachtheZysmansmostpeopleareliterallyhaving

aZZZ.Shortlistsforjobinterviews，electionballotpapers，

list