實(shí)用文檔新世紀(jì)研究生英語(yǔ)課后習(xí)題及答案Unit11.Thee眾議員）presentedtothecommitteeapetition(請(qǐng)?jiān)笗?signedby1,200electorsaskingforathoroughprobeintothefinancialscandalsurroundingthecandidatefortheregionallegislature.2.Thelandladyfiredtheservantwhopocketed(獨(dú)吞)householdfundsforhisownuse.3.Afterexploringformorethanhalfayear,theecologistfeltagreatfromthrill(興奮)spottingtherarespeciesatthefootofthemountain.4.“Betterlatethannever”isaplatitude(陳詞濫調(diào))thatisveryfamiliartomostEnglishspeakers.5.Thecouplehadbeentryingtosatisfyalltheneedsoftheironlyyoungster,whohadbeenimportuning胡攪蠻纏)formorepocketmonenyallthetime.6.Theunruly(不守規(guī)矩的)crowdbecameevenmoreboisterous(喧鬧的)whenthenegotiatortriedtoquietthem.7.Thebeliefthatoneshouldworkhardandbehonestisdeeplyingrained（根深蒂固）inourculture.8.Thecompanywasfinanciallycornered（把逼入絕境）andalmostwentintobankruptcy()duringlastyear’seconomicrecession.9.Theemployeestriedtoavoideveryriskthatmightincur（導(dǎo)致）herdispleasureduringthefirstmonthafterherdivorce.10.Inordertopreventasuddenoutbreakofhostilities,wemustmakenoprovocative（刺激的，挑撥的）move.11.Theauthorofthebookmadeacomparativestudyofcourtesybetweenthetwodifferentcultrues.(etiquette禮貌，禮節(jié))12.Afterlongnightofrevelry（狂歡）attheNewYear’sEveparty,mostoftheguestsweredrunk（喝醉的）.(looped喝醉的)13.Sincethebeginningoflastmonth,shehassufferednowandthenfromasharpandunexplained不明原因的)headacheforwhichthedoctorsaretryingtofindacure.(unaccountable不明原因的)14.Thesecurityguardspokeangrilyand氣憤的斥責(zé))tothegroupofnoisyboysactingupinthegardenofthehotel.(toldoff斥責(zé))15.Comparedwithallhispeers,theyoungengineerhadbeennoticeably（顯著地）successfulinthatfield.(conspicuously顯著地)16.Manymentendtoregarddailyhouseworksuchascooking,cleaningandlaundrytobeanirritating（使人煩惱的）nuisance.(pesky使人煩惱的)17.Thepsychiatristencouragedhispatienttorelease（釋放）allhisresentmentatthewaylifehadtreated.(letloose釋放，放松)18.Inthis生動(dòng)的)romantichistoricalnovel,theauthornarratesa（引人入勝的）lovestorybetweentwogreatfiguresofthe19thcentury.(racy生動(dòng)的)19.Shewasdepressedbythegloomy(陰郁的，沮喪的,fog-boundsceneonthewaterfrontandfeltevenmoremurky陰郁的，沮喪的)文案大全實(shí)用文檔20.Thechairmanadvisedbothpartiestocalmdownandberationalbecausethyhadreachedasensitive(敏感的)stageoftheirbusiness（ticklish棘手的，敏感的)翻譯：Toinviteeminentpersonstohelpmakeadvertisementsshouldberegardedasoneofthebestadvertisingstrategiesandcould,ofcourse,produceaspectacular(powerful)VIPeffect,prividedthatthosecelebritiesareperfectlywillingtoaccepttheinvitationand,moreimportantly,theproductstobeadvertisedaregenuineandoffairprices.Sometimes,whileacommodityisofinferiorquality,theadvertisementisfullofwordslavishingpraiseonit,ifacelebrityshowsupasanimageagentforsuchaproduct,theadvertisementcould,ifany,betemporarilysuccessfulbeforeitturnsthebrandoftheproductinquestionnotoriousand,moredisastrously,ruinsthereputationoftheeminentpersonthereafter.So,thefamousarewelladvisedtothinkmorethantwicebeforetheyagreetoappearonthecommercial.Unit21.Italianneo-realist(新實(shí)在論者cinemafocusedon—classsubjects,usingamateuractorsandfilmingonlocation,ratherthaninthestudio.2.Despitehiswartime)Hitlerisstillreveredbyneo-Nazi(新納粹主義的)inmanycountries.3.Neo-fascist(新法西斯主義者)groupsareanincreasingthreattoethnicminoritiesacrossEurope.4.Byneocolonialism（新殖民主義）wemeanthepracticeofgrantingasortofindependencewiththeconcealedintentionofmakingaliberatedcountryaclient—state.5.Thetutortriedhardto)studentsfromusingneologisms（新詞）informalwriting6.Heisaneo-Darwinist新進(jìn)化論者)animalsisprincipallydeterminedbynaturalselection,andthatacquiredcharacteristicscannotbeinherited.7.ThearchitecttraveledaroundthewholeofEuropeseekingPalladio’swonderful16th-centuryneoclassical（新古典主義的）buildings.8.Inviewofthestillunknownphysicalrisksthatcloningmightimposeonneonates（嬰兒）appropriate.9.Thechallengeforthefutureliesinfostering（培養(yǎng)）conditionsincitiesthatwillbefavorabletoeconomicgrowth.10.Theoldladyreaved（贊揚(yáng)）abouthergrandchildrenforaboutanhour.11.Genetherapy-----theactualcorrectionorreplacementofdefectivegenesequencesintheembryoortheadult------istheholy（最受歡迎的）ofgeneticmedicine.12.Throughgeneticengineering,willscientistsbetamperingwiththegeneticdiversitythathasbeenthemainstay（支柱）ofhumansurvivalinthepast?13.AnewsreleasebytheChineseMinistryofPersonnelprintedinafewleadingnewspapersandonnewswebsitescaughttheattentionofthousandsoftwenty-somethings（人到二十）inOctober.14.Formanyreasons,thevastmajorityofheterosexuals異性的)stillpreferthe“old—fashioned”,sexualwayofproducingchildren.Noothermethodbetterexpressesthelovingunionofamanandawomanseekingtomakeababy.文案大全實(shí)用文檔15.Itisabsolutelymandatory（強(qiáng)制的）thateveryiverofavehiclemustpassadriver’slicensetest.16.Intoday’slightning—speedworldmanysinglesareembracingthenewesttrendinrelationship-----speeddating-------tosizeupapotentialloveinterest.17.Asayoungman,hespentalotoftimemeditating（冥想）uponthepurposeoflife.18.Shereallyenjoyedthefilmbecauseitwasa(n)fusion融合)ofhistoryandcontemporaryevents.翻譯：Nowadaysinthecity’stonierresidentialdistrictstherearepeplenamedassingles,whoareusuallyyoung,richandtech-savvyprofessionalsandchooseindependentlytheirownlifesyles.Thenumberofsingleshasincreaseddramaticallyovertherecentyears.Thereasonsofremainingsinglearevarious:somemaybebusyexploringcareerswithoutputtingtheirmarriageintotheagenda,somemayindulgeintheirjobs,travel,entertainment,physicalfitnessorfriendship,Morethan80%ofthemhavenotabandonedthevalueofmarriage,andtheysaytheyaspiretomarryortheywanttobemarriedsomeday,buttheyfeelcontentbeingsingleuntiltheymeettherightperson.arepatientandUnit31.InChina,homecomputerownershipisexpectedtoexceed（超過(guò)）thatoftheU.S.andEuropecombined.(outstrip超過(guò))2.Thecompanyhasbeenplacedinastateofuncertainty(處于不確定狀態(tài))astheboarddecideswhattodo.(limbo處于不確定狀態(tài))3.Hewrotequickly,butfromtimetotimehestopped(停下來(lái))andlookoutofthewindow.(ceased停止)4.Thousandsofrefugeesleftthecountryfollowing（緊隨）theoutbreakofcivil.(inthewakeof緊隨)5.Anairlinespokesmanstatedthatthesafetyofpassengerswasabsolutelyofthemostimportance（最重要的）(paramount最重要的)6.Theuseofanimalsinscientifictestsraisesdifficultmoral(道德的)questions.(ethical道德的)7.TVcoverageofthematchhadtobeextended(延長(zhǎng))whenitwentintoover-time.（prolonged延長(zhǎng))8.He’sagoodpersontobewithifeveryou’reinatough(艱難的)situation.(thorny艱難的)9.Heseemedtobea（天生的）liar.(congenital天生的)10.Theoperationwasratherpainful,butIfeltalotbetterafterwards(之后).(subsequently之后)11.IntheNetherlandseuthanasia（安樂(lè)死）hasalreadybeenlegalized.12.Someobserversdoubtwhetherthepeaceprocesscanbesalvaged(挽救).13.Lackofessentialmineralscancausedeformity（畸形）inunbornchildren.14.Allthecarsaretestedfordefects（不合格）beforetheyleavethefactory15.Wehelppeoplewithmentalorphysicalhandicaps（殘障）tofindwork16.Shehada(n)lingering（揮之不去的）senseofguiltforsometimeafterbreakingoffherrelationshipwithHenry.文案大全實(shí)用文檔17.TheGovernmenthastograpple（努力克服）theproblemofunemployment.18.Hewasarrestedfor（據(jù)說(shuō)，據(jù)稱）stabbinghisformerwife19.Toherreliefshewasacquitted（無(wú)罪開釋ofallthechargeslaidagainsther.20.Thefrontiers(尖端科學(xué))ofmedicalknowledgearebeingpushedfartheroutwardsastimegoeson.翻譯：Peoplewhoareenergetic,happy,andrelaxedarelesslikelytocatchacoldthanthosewhoaredepressed,nervous,orangry.Whenthebrainis“happy”,itsendsmessagestoourorgansthathelpkeepthebodyhealthyandsound.Yourchanceofdevelopingthecommoncold,pneumonia,orevencancermayverywellbedecreasedbykeepingyourbraininahealthystate.Inaddition,happyandrelaxedpeoplearepronetobetterhealthpracticesthantheirnegativeandstressedcounterparts.Theyaremorelikelytogetplentyofsleepandtoengagedinregularexercise,andhavebeenshowntohavelowerlevelsofcertainstresshormones.1.Westernersperceiveshapeanddimensions規(guī)模，大小)------(size)2.seecross-culturalvarieties(品種；種類------(types)3.anyintrusion(侵入；闖入------(penetration)4.essence(本質(zhì)，實(shí)質(zhì))------(core)5.thewordmeans“inahouse”or“fromachamber(室內(nèi)的；私人的”------(room)6.adaptations(適應(yīng)；改編)------(adjustments)7.Theamountofdistinguishing(有區(qū)別的)------(distinctive)8.makecarefuldistinctions(區(qū)別)amongdifferentspatialelements------(differentiation)9.secularandsacred神的；神的）(holy)10.differentperceptionsoftimemaycauseculturalconflicts沖突；矛盾)------(clashes)11.Timesnota“mereconnection”,assomeEnglishanthropologists(人類學(xué)家butoneofthemostbasicorganizingsystemsoflife,becauseallsituationalbehaviorhasatemporalandaspatialdimension.12.Patterns(模式arethoseimplicitculturalrulesbymeansofwhichsetsarearrangedsothattheytakeonmeaning.13.Infact,comparedwithmoretangible(有形的；切實(shí)的assaultsonhischaracter------namelyJones’pendingharassmentlawsuitandthefederalinvestigationintowater------wordsinabookcouldbarelyhurthim.14.Asmallbutpersistent(固執(zhí)的，堅(jiān)持的)…stilldon’tbuyit.15.Mr.Smith,whowasworriedthatthebanmightinfringe(侵犯；違反)abidinggunowners,hadalreadyvotedagainstthebill.16.Afterall,scientistsnoted,HIVisaretrovirus,aclassofinfectiousagentsknownfortheiralarmingabilitytointegrate(使完整；使成整體)17.Suddenly,perfectlysecular()medieval—eraargumentsagainstthehubrisofscience.18.Mystudyofspace----howpeopleexperienceitandcreateamodelofthespatial(空間的；存在于空間的)worldinthecentralnervoussystem-----forcedmetoacknowledgetheperceptualofmyculture.文案大全實(shí)用文檔19.Myignoranceofbothhydroponicsandofflorist’(shopsmademefeelsomewhatease.ConsequentlyIdidnotcommunicateinthemannerIgenerallyusewhenIamspeakingonafamiliarsubjectinafamiliarsetting.20.Tounderstandanorganization,youhavetoconsiderallofitscomponents.Organizationsarenetworksofrelatedparts.Eachelementworkstogetherwiththeotherstosupportefficientoperations.ThenewMBAbuzzwordforitallisOrganizationalArchitecture(建筑學(xué)；建筑風(fēng)格).翻譯：Asonetravelsabroadandexaminesthewaysinwhichspaceishandled,startlingvariationsarediscovered;differrenceswhichwereacttovigorously.Sincenoneofusaretaughttolookatspaceasisolatedfromotherassociations,feelingscuedbythehandlingofspaceareoftenattributedtosomethingelse.Ingrowinguppeoplelearnliterarilythousandsofspatialcues,allofwhichhavetheirownmeaningsintheirowncontexts.它聯(lián)想?yún)^(qū)別開來(lái)，所以我們常認(rèn)為空間處理引發(fā)的感覺是出于其它的原因。從小到大。人們要學(xué)會(huì)幾千種空間暗示，所有這些暗示在不同的情境中都有不同的含義。Unit51.rapt(complete;engrossed)全神貫注2.payfortheuseoftheinn’sfacilities(resources;means)設(shè)施3.condone(overlook;ignore)寬恕，赦免4.abominable(contemptible)令人憎惡的7.gallantly(bravely;politely)勇敢的8.jerk(idiot;fool)性情古怪的人9.provocation(irritation;annoyance)挑釁10.deliberate(intentional;purposeful)深思熟慮的11.Itisnotourdesiretobeprovocative挑釁的）,butthestatusquocannotcontinue.Neithercanthepresentstandoff,withoutthedangerofamoreseriousconfrontationthatnobodywants.12.Likeallderivatives,theyfunction,essentially,asbetsonthedirectionofparticularmarkets.Socovetedissuchinsurancethatthetotalfaceamount-----ornotional（概念性的，抽象的）“value”-----ofswapsandsimilarcontractshassoaredtoanastronomical$11trillion.13.Annoyed,shareholdershavemovedtocurb（抑制）suchabuses-----justastheyhavemovedtoremoveanumberofCEOsinrecentmonths.14.Thedaywas—crossed,Friday,October13th,ontheeveofthesecondanniversaryofa(n)devastating（災(zāi)難性的）marketcrash.15.Ina(n)appalling(令人震驚的)demonstrationofthemistreatmentofrecruitsandtheirmeagerfoodrations,inMarch1993foursailorsonRusskyIslandintheFarEastdiedofmalnutrition.文案大全實(shí)用文檔16.Evenmoreinteresting,fromabusinessperspective,isthe—calledintranet----thecollectionofnetworksthatconnectcomputerswithincorporations----thatbothSunandMicrosofthavetargetedasarichareaforgrowth.17.Shewasattimeslesssuccessfulwinningoverhercounterpart（副本，相似的人或物）attheU.N.,who,likeNapoleon’sarmy,travelsonhisstomach.18.Membersofthe—ledteamarrivedinWashingtonfullypreparedtoenterthefray(緊張).19.Negotiationcouldsometimesdefuse（平息，緩解）thesesituationsandproducemoreacceptableconsequencesforbothparties.20.Itmaynotseemmuchconsolationtopointoutthattheteacher,too,becomesfrustrated（挫敗的，泄氣的）whenhiseffortsappeartoproducelessthanobviousresult.翻譯：WealthexposedAmericanmannerstocontinuinginternationalscrutinybecauseitunderwroteanexpansionoftourism.InthelatenineteenthcenturytheAmericanabroadsymbolizedforsomethedangdersofsuddenwealthandbecameaninstrumenttoexposecomparativesocialcodesandstandardsofmorality.Boasting,vulgarity,obsessiveacquisitiveness,andinsensitivityweresoonassociatedwiththisearlyversionoftheUglyAmerican.Representingasmallportionofthepopulation,theinternationaltravelersseemedtostandforthewholecountryintheeyesofmanyforeigners,anditwastheprodigalityoftheirwealth,theapparentlylimitlesswalletsandpurses,thatseemedmostdangerous.AmericanmoneythreatenedtoloottheOldWorldofitshistorictreasures,andaggressivecelebrityhuntersandrelicgathererstoinvadeEuropeanprivacyaswell.19認(rèn)為，在海外的美國(guó)人是那些驟增財(cái)富的內(nèi)在危險(xiǎn)的象征，并使他們那并非完美無(wú)缺的社會(huì)準(zhǔn)則和道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)面臨腐蝕的危險(xiǎn)。自吹自擂、粗俗魯莽、貪得無(wú)厭、麻木不仁很快成了早期的丑陋美國(guó)人的象征。周游列國(guó)的旅行者在全國(guó)人口中雖然只是一小部分，但在許多外國(guó)人眼里，他們好像代表了這個(gè)國(guó)家的所有人。他們揮霍無(wú)度，看起來(lái)有用之不盡的資產(chǎn)，這是最大的危險(xiǎn)。美鈔大有把舊世界歷史上的奇珍異寶掠之一空之勢(shì)。一群追逐名利和涉獵文物古玩的人無(wú)孔不入，極大地?cái)_亂了歐洲人的私生活。Unit61.Marsgall’sskillsandherpleasantandsociablepersonalitymadeherveryeffectiveinherpublicrelationsjob.(outgoing)對(duì)人友好的，開朗的)2.Marywassmall,pretty,andveryambitions.(petite)（女子）嬌小的，小個(gè)子的3.Hewasalwaysstronglyandclearly…(emphatically)著重地；強(qiáng)調(diào)地4.OnthesurfaceDanawascalmandself-assured(self-possessed)鎮(zhèn)靜的；冷靜的5.Manyofitsbest-educatedresidentshavebeendriventoneighboringcountriesinsearchingofbetterjobs.(quest)追求；尋找6.Hewascertainlythemostattractiveandpleasantlecturerthere.(personable)風(fēng)度好的；貌美的7.Forawhilesheimaginedthat….fntasized)幻想；想像8.IliketheideaofgettingmarriedbutIdon’tacceptthetraditionalviewofwhatmarriageshouldbeallabout.(buyinto)買進(jìn)；入股文案大全實(shí)用文檔9.TheydecidedtopostponethatsheweddinguntilPam’smotherwasoutofthehospital(defer)推遲；延期11.Fathersareencouragedtobemoreinvolved(有關(guān)的；卷入的)withtheirfamilies.12.Edinburghseesitselfasauniversityofthenewmillennium,committed(堅(jiān)定的；效忠的toresearchandteaching.13.Icouldn’tfigureout解決；算出；想出)whotheladywiththesunglasseswas.14.Researchersareconvinced(確信的；深信的)that…15.Spatialmobilitytendstobehighestamongthemostaffluent(富裕的；豐富的)groupsontheonehandandthepoorestontheother.16.Shedidn’twanttobetieddown(冷靜)byafull-timejob.17.Shelovesherlifeandisimmersedinthequest(追求；尋找forknowledgeforknowledge’ssake.18.ItseemslikeeverybodyinAmericaislookingfortheendofthe虹橋的盡頭).19.Someclaimthattheherbhastherapeutic(治療的valuefortreatingpain.20.Shehaslotsofgoodideas,butshehasformulating(使公式化；系統(tǒng)地闡述difficulty.翻譯：我贊成這樣的理想：人應(yīng)該各方面都很出色，既要有頭腦，也要有健美的體格。我希望能得到某種幸福和快樂(lè)。美國(guó)是能得到這些東西的最好的地方，因?yàn)檫@里的人和我們的思想來(lái)自世界各地。至今到美國(guó)來(lái)尋夢(mèng)的仍然大有人在。現(xiàn)在我明白了，決定美國(guó)夢(mèng)能否實(shí)現(xiàn)的不是教育、不是機(jī)會(huì)、也不是艱苦的工作，而是今天在美國(guó)十分流行的想法是：千萬(wàn)不能失去夢(mèng)想。Iagreetothisideal:peopleshouldbegoodinallaspects,Itisnecessarytohavenotonlythemind,butalsomagnificentphysique.Ihopetogetsomekindofhappinessandjoy.TheUnitedStatesisthebestplacetogetthesethings,becausethepeoplehereandtheirideascomefromallovertheworld.Sofar,herearestillmanypeopletoseekadream.NowIknow,Itisnoteducation,notopportunities,andnothardwork,butpowerandfearthatdecidewhethertheAmericandreamcancometobeornot.Thehigheryourpositionisinenterprise,themoreyoulosesomething.TheAmericandreamisnottheend.TheideaisverypopularintheUnitedStatestoday:neverloseone’sdream.Unit71.Theoldladycomplained（不停抱怨）aboutthewayhergranddaughtersdressed(carped吹毛求疵)2.Hispaintinggaveaconcrete給一個(gè)形式)tothespiritofthe(embodied呈現(xiàn))3.Thepoorcouplesufferedgreat經(jīng)受巨大痛苦)everynightoverthedecisiontosendtheirsonstoschoolandkeeptheironlydaughterathometohelpwithfarmingwork.(agonized感到巨大痛苦)4.Heissuedanopenanddirect（公開直接的）denial否定)ofthestorythathewasinvolvedinbribery.(outright直率的，徹底的)文案大全實(shí)用文檔5.Billlooked凝視)atthecomputerscreen,wonderingwhathisprogrammingmistakewas.(peered凝視)6.Mary’sparentsknewclearlythattheirdaughter’spoor（可憐的）scoreswouldkeepheroutofanyprestigiousuniversity.(mediocre中等的，普通的)7.Thecompanywasfloodedwith（被淹了）applicationlettersaftertheiradvertisementfornewemployeesappearedinlocalnewspapers.(inundated淹沒)8.Themanagerstubbornly堅(jiān)決反對(duì))thesuggestiontoreducehisstaffdespitehisfailingbusiness.(bucked抗拒)9.JohnBullisalwaysspeaking尖銳的地說(shuō))tohisworkersfornoapparentreason.(snarlingat咆哮)10.Theraincamegraduallytoa（逐漸開始停止）beforewegotstarted.(peteredout逐漸消失)11.Gaslampsbecameobsolete(淘汰)whenelectriclightingbecamepopular.12.Itisveryhardformenottowince(畏縮)whenIseeanurseputtinganeedleintomyarm.13.Noonewoulddenythatthemarathonisthemostgrueling(折磨人的)eventinthesportsmeeting.14.Theywhizzedthroughtherehearsalsothattherewouldbetimeforashortmeeting.15.Thefilmstarmadea(n)pretentious(自命不凡的，做作的)speechtojournalists,statingthatheonlycaredabout