PAGE2PAGE1專題六動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)例題試題1考查易混時(shí)態(tài)辨析I'mcallingabouttheapartmentyou________theotherday.Couldyoutellmem例題試題1考查易混時(shí)態(tài)辨析A．a(chǎn)dvertised B．hadadvertisedC．a(chǎn)readvertising D．willadvertise【解析】此題考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：我打是為前幾天你打廣告的一所公寓。你能告訴我更多的內(nèi)容嗎？根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)theotherday可知句子要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。例題試題2例題試題2考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)Unlessextramoney____,thetheatrewillclose.A.wasfound B.finds C.isfoundD.found【解析】此題考查的是時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)的結(jié)合。句意：除非找到另外的投資，否那么這個(gè)電影院就將被關(guān)閉。本句中Unless引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)代替將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)，后面的主句使用將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)句意可知money和find構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以也要使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)?！敬鸢浮緾動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)主動(dòng)被動(dòng)常用時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)do/doesam/is/are+doneoften,always,usually,everyday,sometimes等一般過(guò)去時(shí)didwas/were+doneyesterday,lastweek,anhourago,theotherday,in1982,justnow等一般將來(lái)時(shí)shall/will+doam/is/aregoingtodoshill/will+be+doneam/is/aregoingtobedonesoon,nextweek,tomorrow,等現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)am/is/are+doingam/is/are+being+donenow,atthemoment,always等現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)have/has+donehave/has+been+donerecently,lately,sofar,just,already,yet,inthepast/lastten/fewyears等過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)would+dowouldbedonethenextweek等過(guò)去完成時(shí)had+donehadbeendoneby表示過(guò)去的過(guò)去過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)was/were+doingwas/were+being+donefrom9to10,when,atsevenlastnight,while等現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)have/has+been+doing無(wú)被動(dòng)thesedays等表示從過(guò)去某一點(diǎn)到現(xiàn)在一直在過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)had+been+doing無(wú)被動(dòng)表示過(guò)去的過(guò)去一直在將來(lái)完成時(shí)shall/will+havedoneshall/will+havebeendone一般用by+將來(lái)的時(shí)間或bythetime…,before或when等引導(dǎo)的副詞從句將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)shall/will+be+doingshall/willbebeingdonesoon,tomorrow,thisevening，onSunday,bythistime，intwodays,tomorrowevening等動(dòng)詞的種類1〕 主+系動(dòng)詞〔be/look/sound/smell/taste/get/turn/become/grow/keep〕+表語(yǔ)2〕 主語(yǔ)+不及物動(dòng)詞3〕 主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)4〕 主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+雙賓語(yǔ)〔人，物〕5〕 主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)〔賓語(yǔ)與賓補(bǔ)之間有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系〕只有及物動(dòng)詞才有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)例句：1〕 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)PeoplespeakEnglishallovertheworld.Englishisspokenallovertheword.2)一般過(guò)去時(shí)WhenIwasachild,Ioftenplayedfootballinthestreet.WherevertheBrownswentduringtheirvisit,theyweregivenawarmwelcome.在布朗一家旅游期間無(wú)論到哪都受到熱情的歡送。3)一般將來(lái)時(shí)Whatareyougoingtodo?=Whatwillyoudo?Whatisgoingtobedone?=Whatwillbedone?4)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)Theyarehavingameeting.(注意have，let沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))Sheisalwayschangingclothes.她老是換衣服?！脖硎矩?zé)怪〕Heisalwaysworkinghard.他工作總是很努力?！脖硎举潛P(yáng)〕5.〕現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)Ihaveseenthefilmmanytimes.Thefilmhasbeenseenmanytimes.Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthepast/last30years.在過(guò)去的30年中國(guó)發(fā)生了巨大的變化。6〕過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)Hesaidhewouldfinishtheworksoon.Hesaidtheworkwouldbefinishedsoon.7)過(guò)去完成時(shí)Bytheendoflasttermwehadfinishedthebook.Bytheendoflasttermthebookhadbeenfinished.8〕過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)Whatwereyoudoingatninelastnight?Theradiowasbeingrepairedwhenyoucalledme.9)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)Whathaveyoubeendoingthesedays?這幾天你一直在干什么？Ihavebeenreadingabook.我一直在看一本書。10過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)Ireceivedtheletter(which/that)Ihadbeenexpecting.我收到了我一直在等的信。11)將來(lái)完成時(shí)Wewillhavelearnedmorethan3000Englishwordsbytheendofthisyear.到今年年底我們將學(xué)了3000個(gè)英語(yǔ)單詞。12〕將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)At10tomorrowmorningIwillcometoseeyou.明天早晨10點(diǎn)我來(lái)看你。No.Iwillbehavingameetingatthattimetomorrow.不行。明天那時(shí)候我將正在開(kāi)會(huì)。選擇題〔25分/25min〕1.Lookatthetimetable.Hurryup!Flight4026______offat18∶20.A.takes B.took C.willbetaken D.hastaken【解析】飛機(jī)、火車等按時(shí)刻表運(yùn)行，表達(dá)時(shí)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)?！敬鸢浮緼2.Theyounggirlsittingnexttomeontheplanewasverynervous.Shebefore.A.hasn’tflown B.didn’tfly C.hadn’tflown D.wasn’tflying【解析】hadn’tflown動(dòng)作發(fā)生在wasnervous之前。【答案】C3.MycousinwenttoCanadatwoyearsago.He______thereforafewmonthsandthenwenttoAmerica.A.worked B.wouldwork C.wouldbeworking D.hasbeenworking【解析】考查一般過(guò)去時(shí)的根本用法。句中并列連詞and連接兩個(gè)發(fā)生在過(guò)去的順承的動(dòng)作，時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)該一致。【答案】A4.--Yourjob______openforyourreturn.--Thanks.A.willbekept B.willkeep C.hadkept D.hadbeenkept【解析】keepthejob使工作、職位等處于空缺狀態(tài)，由句意“隨時(shí)歡送你回來(lái)工作〞可知用將來(lái)時(shí)?！敬鸢浮緼5.______you______himaroundthemuseumyet?Yes.Wehadagreattimethere.A.Have;shown B.Do;show C.Had;shown D.Did;show【解析】此處表示說(shuō)話者詢問(wèn)對(duì)方“有沒(méi)有帶著他參觀博物館〞的結(jié)果，故用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)?！敬鸢浮緼6.IsawJaneandherboyfriendintheparkateightyesterdayevening.Impossible.She______TVwithmeinmyhomethen.A.watched B.hadwatched C.wouldwatch D.waswatching【解析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意為：“我昨晚8點(diǎn)鐘在公園看見(jiàn)簡(jiǎn)和她男朋友了！〞“不可能。她當(dāng)時(shí)正在我家和我一起看電視。〞此處時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)為then，指的是ateightyesterdayevening，指過(guò)去某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，故應(yīng)用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)?！敬鸢浮緿7.Theflowersweresolovelythatthey______innotime.A.sold B.hadbeensold C.weresold D.wouldsell【解析】由“wereso...〞可知此處用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)；flowers應(yīng)該是“被賣光〞，故用被動(dòng)形式?！敬鸢浮緾8.--What’sthatnoise?--Oh,Iforgottotellyou.Thenewmachine______.A.wastested B.willbetested C.isbeingtested D.hasbeentested【解析】根據(jù)一對(duì)一的問(wèn)答可知，“機(jī)器正在被檢測(cè)〞，應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)?！敬鸢浮緾9.Inaroomabovethestore，whereaparty______,someworkerswerebusilysettingthetable.A.wastobeheld B.hasbeenheld C.willbeheld D.isbeingheld【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)與語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)“someworkerswerebusilysettingthetable〞判斷，聚會(huì)還沒(méi)舉行，應(yīng)用將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)，且整個(gè)句子用了過(guò)去時(shí)，故用過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)?！敬鸢浮緼10.Ihavegotaheadache.Nowonder.You______infrontofthatcomputertoolong.A.work B.areworking C.havebeenworking D.worked【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。由“Ihavegotaheadache〞可知，空處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示動(dòng)作“從過(guò)去開(kāi)始持續(xù)至今且還會(huì)進(jìn)行下去〞，表達(dá)過(guò)去開(kāi)始的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響及結(jié)果。【答案】C11.Ladiesandgentlemen，pleasefastenyourseatbelts.Theplane______.A.takesoff B.istakingoff C.hastakenoff D.tookoff【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。動(dòng)詞go，come，leave及詞組takeoff等用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。【答案】B12.John，afriendofmine，whogotmarriedonlylastweek，spent$3，000morethanhe______forthewedding.A.willplan B.hasplanned C.wouldplan D.hadplanned【解析】plan表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在spend這一過(guò)去動(dòng)作之前，故應(yīng)該用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。句意為：我的朋友約翰上周結(jié)婚了，婚禮花去了3,000美元，超過(guò)了原方案?！敬鸢浮緿13.Didyouseeamaninblackpassbyjustnow?No,sir.I______anewspaper.A.read B.wasreading C.wouldread D.amreading【解析】由justnow判斷應(yīng)用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，又由語(yǔ)境“穿黑衣服的人路過(guò)時(shí)，我正在看報(bào)，所以沒(méi)看見(jiàn)他〞知空處要用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)?！敬鸢浮緽14.IknowalittlebitaboutItalyasmywifeandI______thereseveralyearsago.A.aregoing B.hadbeen C.went D.havebeen【解析】句中severalyearsago是一般過(guò)去時(shí)的標(biāo)志。【答案】C15.Haveyougotanyjoboffers?No.I______.A.waited B.hadbeenwaiting C.havewaited D.amwaiting【解析】句意為：“有人給你提供工作了嗎？〞“沒(méi)有，我正在等著。〞用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)?！敬鸢浮緿16.Whenyouarehome,giveacalltoletmeknowyou______safely.A.arearriving B.havearrived C.hadarrived D.willarrive【解析】此題可以根據(jù)句意也可以使用排除法。句意為“當(dāng)你到家的時(shí)候，打給我讓我知道你已經(jīng)到家了〞B選項(xiàng)使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示將來(lái)完成，譯為“已經(jīng)……〞。同時(shí)也可以使用排除法，arrive既可以使用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來(lái)也可以用will+do表示將來(lái)，因此A和D同時(shí)排除，C為過(guò)去完成時(shí)，使用過(guò)去完成時(shí)時(shí)句中一定要有一般過(guò)去時(shí)，過(guò)去完成時(shí)是過(guò)去的過(guò)去，因此C也排除，選擇B。【答案】B17.Tommyisplanningtobuyacar.Iknow.Bynextmonth,he_______enoughforausedone.A.saves B.saved C.willsave D.willhavesaved【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“——Tommy將方案買車?！抑溃较聜€(gè)月為止，他積攢的錢足夠買一輛舊車了。〞bynextmonth是將來(lái)完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志，全句表示在將來(lái)nextmonth之前完成“積攢足夠錢〞的動(dòng)作，對(duì)將來(lái)的時(shí)間nextmonth產(chǎn)生影響，能買一輛舊車。應(yīng)選D?！敬鸢浮緿18.Thatmusthavebeenalongtrip.Yeah,it______usawholeweektogetthere.A.takes B.hastaken C.took D.wastaking【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“——那一定是長(zhǎng)途旅行?！堑模覀兓苏恢軙r(shí)間才趕到那兒。〞題干中musthavedone是對(duì)過(guò)去的肯定推測(cè)，提示時(shí)間在過(guò)去，描述過(guò)去的情況，排除A和B，D項(xiàng)wastaking進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)表將來(lái)，但事實(shí)上事情已發(fā)生，這與題意不符，因此選C。【答案】C19.WhenAlicecameto,shedidnotknowhowlongshe______there.A.hadbeenlying B.hasbeenlying C.waslying D.haslain【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“當(dāng)Alice蘇醒過(guò)來(lái)時(shí)，她不知道她在那兒躺了多久了。〞過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)主要表示持續(xù)到過(guò)去某時(shí)之前的動(dòng)作。cameto蘇醒過(guò)來(lái)是過(guò)去時(shí)，蘇醒前的情況是過(guò)去的過(guò)去，強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去的過(guò)去里發(fā)生的事，應(yīng)選A?！敬鸢浮緼20.Planningsofaraheadnosensesomanythingswillhavechangedbynextyear.A.made B.ismaking C.makes D.hasmade【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“方案這么超前毫無(wú)意義—到明年許多事情會(huì)發(fā)生變化的。〞前句表示現(xiàn)在的情況makenosense，后句表示到將來(lái)會(huì)產(chǎn)生的后果willhavechanged。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示主語(yǔ)的特征或狀態(tài)。ismaking和hasmade表示具體的動(dòng)作過(guò)程，故不選。因此選C。【答案】C21.Themanagerenteredtheofficeandwashappytolearnthatfourfifthsofthetickets_______.A.wasbooked B.hadbeenbooked C.werebooked D.havebeenbooked【解析】此題考查book作為動(dòng)詞的用法和過(guò)去完成時(shí)被動(dòng)形式〔hadbeendone〕。book預(yù)定〔房間、票等〕,這里票與預(yù)定是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。根據(jù)此題語(yǔ)境：經(jīng)理進(jìn)入辦公室，很快樂(lè)得悉五分之四的票已經(jīng)被預(yù)定了，票被預(yù)定是在進(jìn)入辦公室之前，所以用過(guò)去完成