第苯乙烯生產(chǎn)工藝設(shè)計(jì)

攀枝花學(xué)院本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)摘要

摘要

本文以年產(chǎn)25萬噸苯乙烯為生產(chǎn)目標(biāo)，由乙苯脫氫制苯乙烯方法，對整個工段進(jìn)行工藝設(shè)計(jì)和設(shè)備選型。同時對苯乙烯的新老生產(chǎn)工藝、國內(nèi)外發(fā)展情況做出了一定的總結(jié)，并通過了對比選取了較為適宜的工藝，最后確定了Lummus的SMART乙苯脫氫工藝作為本設(shè)計(jì)的詳細(xì)生產(chǎn)工藝。在計(jì)算上，依據(jù)物料守恒、能量守恒對整個工藝流程進(jìn)行了物料衡算和熱量衡算，并做出了流程圖，依據(jù)衡算結(jié)果，通過計(jì)算對塔設(shè)備進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的選型。也對公用工程和車間布置做出了一定的陳述，最后對三廢處理和安全事項(xiàng)做出了總結(jié)。在整個設(shè)計(jì)中達(dá)到了預(yù)期要求，完成各個工藝段的設(shè)計(jì)。

關(guān)鍵字：苯乙烯，工藝計(jì)算，設(shè)備選型

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攀枝花學(xué)院本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT

Theannualoutputof250,000tonsofstyreneproductiontargets,theentiresectionintheprocessdesignandequipmentselectionbythedehydrogenationofethylbenzenetostyrene.Styreneoldandnewproductionprocessesatthesametime,thedevelopmentathomeandabroadtomakeacertainconclusion,andbycontrasttoselectamoreappropriateprocesstofinalizetheLummus#39;SMARTethylbenzenedehydrogenationprocessasthedesignproductionprocess.Inthecalculation,basedonmaterialconservation,energyconservation,theentireprocess,materialbalanceandheatbalance,andmadeaflowchart,basedonaccountingresults,bycalculatingthetowerequipment,carriedoutadetailedselection.Publicworksandplantlayouttomakeacertainstatement,andfinallymadeasummaryofthendsafetymatters.Throughoutthedesigntoachievethedesiredrequirementstocompletethedesignofvariousprocesses.

KeywordsStyrene，Processcalculation，equipmentselection

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攀枝花學(xué)院本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)目錄

目錄

摘要.......................................................................IABSTRACT...................................................................II1緒論....................................................................1

1.1苯乙烯的性質(zhì)和用途..................................................1

1.2苯乙烯常見生產(chǎn)方法..................................................1

1.2.1環(huán)球化學(xué)∕魯姆斯法...........................................11.2.2Fina∕Badger法...............................................31.2.3巴斯夫法.....................................................31.2.4Halcon法.....................................................31.2.5裂解汽油萃取分離法...........................................31.2.6環(huán)氧丙烷聯(lián)產(chǎn)法...............................................3

2生產(chǎn)工藝................................................................5

2.1本工藝設(shè)計(jì)說明......................................................5

2.1.1生產(chǎn)任務(wù).....................................................52.1.2生產(chǎn)方法.....................................................52.1.3生產(chǎn)控制參數(shù)及具體操作.......................................52.2生產(chǎn)工藝的反應(yīng)歷程..................................................6

2.2.1反應(yīng)方程式...................................................62.2.2生產(chǎn)過程.....................................................72.3原料、產(chǎn)品及半成品..................................................8

2.3.1產(chǎn)品.........................................................82.3.2原料.........................................................82.3.3半成品.......................................................82.3.4催化劑.......................................................82.3.5阻聚劑.......................................................82.4生產(chǎn)方式的選取......................................................9

3生產(chǎn)工藝計(jì)算..........................................................10

3.1物料衡算...........................................................10

3.1.1生產(chǎn)能力的計(jì)算..............................................103.1.2質(zhì)量守恒定律................................................113.1.4物料流程圖...................................................153.2熱量衡算...........................................................15

3.2.1熱量衡算....................................................153.2.2熱量衡算表...................................................18

4設(shè)備設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算與選型...................................................19

4.1苯∕甲苯精餾塔的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算...........................................194.1.1精餾塔的數(shù)據(jù)確定.............................................194.1.2精餾塔的物料衡算.............................................194.1.3塔板數(shù)的確定.................................................19

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攀枝花學(xué)院本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)目錄

4.1.5精餾塔的塔體工藝尺寸計(jì)算.....................................254.1.6塔板主要工藝尺寸的計(jì)算.......................................264.1.7塔版流體力學(xué)驗(yàn)算.............................................274.1.8塔板負(fù)荷性能圖...............................................294.2冷凝器的設(shè)計(jì).......................................................314.3油水分離器.........................................................324.4過熱蒸汽爐.........................................................33

5設(shè)備一覽表及公用工程.................................................34

5.1設(shè)備...............................................................345.2公用工程規(guī)格.......................................................34

5.2.1電..........................................................345.2.2冷卻水......................................................355.2.3加熱蒸汽....................................................35

6車間布置設(shè)計(jì)..........................................................36

6.1車間布置設(shè)計(jì)重要性.................................................366.2車間生產(chǎn)要求.......................................................366.3車間安全要求.......................................................366.4車間發(fā)展要求.......................................................36

7三廢處理和安全事項(xiàng)...............................................37

7.1廢水...............................................................377.2廢氣...............................................................377.3廢渣...............................................................377.4副產(chǎn)品處理一覽表...................................................377.5廢物處理一覽表.....................................................387.6安全事項(xiàng)...........................................................38

結(jié)論.......................................................................39參考文獻(xiàn)...............................................................40謝辭.......................................................................41

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攀枝花學(xué)院本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)1緒論

1緒論

1.1苯乙烯的性質(zhì)和用途

苯乙烯，分子式C8H8，結(jié)構(gòu)式C6H5CH?CH2,是不飽和芳烴最簡單、最重要的成員，廣泛用作生產(chǎn)塑料和合成橡膠的原料。如結(jié)晶型苯乙烯、橡膠改性抗沖聚苯乙烯、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯三聚體（ABS）、苯乙烯-丙烯腈共聚體（SAN）、苯乙烯-順丁烯二酸酐共聚體（SMA）和丁苯橡膠(SBR)。苯乙烯（SM）是含有飽和側(cè)鏈的一種簡單芳烴，是基本有機(jī)化工的重要產(chǎn)品之一。苯乙烯為無色透明液體，常溫下具有辛辣香味，易燃。苯乙烯難溶于水，25℃時其溶解度為0.066%。苯乙烯溶于甲醇、乙醇、乙醚