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關(guān)于初中英語(yǔ)被動(dòng)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)第一頁(yè),共四十四頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期日一:英語(yǔ)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有兩種語(yǔ)態(tài)WespeakEnglish.主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)(vt.)賓語(yǔ)Englishisspokenbyus.主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者,被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者。

漢語(yǔ)中常用“被”、“給”、“由”、“受”等詞用來(lái)表示英語(yǔ)用:助動(dòng)詞be+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成。

第二頁(yè),共四十四頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期日Readtext-2

Whencanweusethepassivevoice?不知道動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰(shuí),或沒(méi)有必要指出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)。

Mybikewasstolenlastnight.昨晚我的自行車(chē)被偷了。Lettersarecollectedateighteverymorning.信件每天早晨八點(diǎn)收取。ThedeskwasmadebyMasterWang.這張課桌是王師傅做的。Thebagwastakenawaybyhissister.那個(gè)包是她姐姐提走的。2.為了強(qiáng)調(diào)或突出動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)。第三頁(yè),共四十四頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期日

1.

We

clean

theclassroomeveryday.

Theclassroom

iscleanedbyuseveryday.

2.

They

make

shoesinthatfactory.

Shoesaremadeby

theminthatfactory.

3.People

planttreesinSpring.

Trees

areplantedby

peopleinSpring.

4.Hismotherusuallywashes

dishesafterdinner.

Dishesareusuallywashedby

hismotherafterdinner.5.Moreandmorepeople

speak

Chineseintheworld.

Chinese

isspokenby

moreandmorepeopleintheworld.第四頁(yè),共四十四頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期日二、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的時(shí)態(tài)、人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的變化

主要體現(xiàn)在be的變化上,其形式與系動(dòng)詞be的變化形式完全一樣。以give為例,列表如下:一般現(xiàn)在時(shí): 一般過(guò)去時(shí): 一般將來(lái)時(shí):

一般過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí):

現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí): 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí): 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí):

過(guò)去完成時(shí):

將來(lái)完成時(shí):

過(guò)去將來(lái)完成時(shí):

am/is/are+donewas/were+done

shall/will+bedone(is/aregoingtobedone)should/would+bedone

am/is/are+being+done

was/were+being+done

have/has+been+done

had+been+done

shall/will+havebeen+done

should/would+havebeen+done

第五頁(yè),共四十四頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期日三、常見(jiàn)時(shí)態(tài)中的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí):(1)Peoplegrowriceinthesouthofthecountry.

Riceisgrowninthesouthofthecountry.

(2)Theschooldoesn'tallowustoenterthelibrarywithoutateacher.

Wearenotallowedtoenterthelibrarywithoutateacher.第六頁(yè),共四十四頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期日2.一般過(guò)去時(shí):(1)Mycousinboughtabookyesterday.

Thebookwasboughtbymycousinyesterday.(2)Shedesignedthefashionclothes.

Thefashionclothesweredesignedbyher.(3)Theydidn’tspeakEnglishafterclassEnglishwasn’tspokenbythemafterclass.第七頁(yè),共四十四頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期日3.一般將來(lái)時(shí):

(1)Herparentswillsendherabroad.

Shewillbesentabroadbyherparents.(2)Wearegoingtoholdasportsmeetingtomorrow.

Asportsmeeting

isgoingtobehold

tomorrow.第八頁(yè),共四十四頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期日4.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí):

(1)Theyaredoingtheirhomeworkonthecomputernow.

Theirhomeworkisbeingdoneonthecomputernow.(2)Wearepaintingtherooms.

Theroomsarebeingpaintedbyus.第九頁(yè),共四十四頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期日5.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí):(1)Theworkersweremendingtheroadat7yesterday.

Theroadwasbeingmendedat7yesterday.(2)Thistimelastyearwewereplantingtreeshere.

Treeswerebeingplantedherethistimelastyear.

第十頁(yè),共四十四頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期日6.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí):

(1)Someonehastoldmethesportsmeetingmightbeputoff.

Ihavebeentoldthesportsmeetingmightbeputoff.(2)Hehasbroughthisbookhere.

Hisbookhasbeenbrought

here.第十一頁(yè),共四十四頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期日四、含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)是由“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成。(1)Youmusthandinyourarticlesafterclass.

Yourarticlesmustbehandedinafterclass.(2)Hecanwritemanyletterswiththecomputer.

Manyletterscanbewrittenwiththecomputerbyhim.第十二頁(yè),共四十四頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期日將下列主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):1.HasPeteransweredallthequestions?HaveallthequestionsbeenansweredbyPeter?2.Theyhavefoundwaystoreducethepollution.

Wayshavebeenfoundtoreducethepollution.3.Someonemusttakecareofthechildrenwhenwegoout.Thechildrenmustbetakencareofwhenwegoout.第十三頁(yè),共四十四頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期日4.Tomisrepairinghisbicyclenow.

HisbicycleisbeingrepairedbyTomnow.5.Theywon’tholdthemeetinguntilnextFriday.

Themeetingwon’tbehelduntilnextFriday.第十四頁(yè),共四十四頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期日將下列被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換成主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):1.Yourworkshouldbedoneinanhour.

Youshoulddoyourworkinanhour.2.ThejobhasbeenfinishedbyAmy.

Amyhasfinishedthejob.3.AmodelplaneisbeingmadebyJerry.

Jerryismakingamodelplane.第十五頁(yè),共四十四頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期日4.Theproblemshallbediscussedattomorrow’smeeting.

Weshalldiscusstheproblemattomorrow’smeeting.5.Thelettermaybewrittenwithapencil.

Youmaywritetheletterwithapencil.6.Wasthesnowbeingremovedbytheseworkersat8yesterdaymorning.

Weretheworkersremovingthesnowat8yesterdaymorning?第十六頁(yè),共四十四頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期日1).不及物動(dòng)詞(或者詞組)沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。

如:belongto,happen,takeplace,last,cometrue,die,arrive,等。

*Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthiscity.

*Thatbikedoesn’tbelongtoMike.

五、不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的幾種情況:第十七頁(yè),共四十四頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期日不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的幾種情況:2)表示靜態(tài)的及物動(dòng)詞不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)have/fit/ownIhaveaTVset.Thecoatfitsmewell.【正】Lookattheblackboard,please.【誤】Theblackboardislookedatbyyou.3)祈使句一般沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。第十八頁(yè),共四十四頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期日4)反身代詞在句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí),不能用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)?!菊縔oumustlookafteryourself.【誤】Yourselfmustbelookedafter

第十九頁(yè),共四十四頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期日不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的幾種情況:主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義①感官系動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)feel,look,seem,taste,sound,smell等這魚(yú)味道很好。Thefish

tastes

good.這條圍巾摸上去很軟。Thescarf

feels

soft.第二十頁(yè),共四十四頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期日這書(shū)很好賣(mài)。這種布很好洗。Thebook

sells

well.Thiskindofcloth

washesverywell.這書(shū)賣(mài)完了。Thebook

issold

out.

②有些動(dòng)詞既是及物又是不及物動(dòng)詞,用作不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)和well,badly,easily等副詞連用,表示主語(yǔ)內(nèi)在品質(zhì)或性能。如:write,grow,print,sell,wash等第二十一頁(yè),共四十四頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期日Thehouseneeds

cleaning.房子需要打掃了。Thehouseneedsto

becleaned.

③在need,want,等少數(shù)表示“需要”的動(dòng)詞第二十二頁(yè),共四十四頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期日六、幾種值得注意的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變化.1帶復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu).(1)makesb.dosth.

sb.bemadetodosth.MrGreen

made

Jim

do

hishomeworkathome.Jim

wasmadetodo

hishomework

byMrGreen

athome.watchlethavehearseenotice第二十三頁(yè),共四十四頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期日(2)seesb.doingsth.sb.beseendoingsth.Isawhimplayingfootballatthatmoment.Hewasseenplayingfootballatthatmoment.hear/watch/….第二十四頁(yè),共四十四頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期日(3)Weoftenhear

themsingthissong.Theyareoftenheardtosingthissong(byus).Thissong

isoftenheard(byus)tobesung(bythem).第二十五頁(yè),共四十四頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期日Bob

sent

Kate

aletterlastyear.=Kate

wassent

aletter

byBoblastyear.=Aletter

wassent

toKate

byBoblastyear.tellaskbringwriteshowgiveteachpasslend…to2.雙賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)第二十六頁(yè),共四十四頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期日Mummademeanewdress.Iwasmade

anewdressbyMum.Anewdress

wasmade

for

mebyMum.makebuydrawsingget…for第二十七頁(yè),共四十四頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期日1.Iwasgivenabookbyhim.He

gave

me

abook.(變被動(dòng))主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)間賓直賓2.Abookwasgiventomebyhim.第二十八頁(yè),共四十四頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期日Mymother

bought

me

abirthdaycake.

主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)間賓直賓1.Iwasboughtabirthdaycakebymymother.2.Abirthdaycakewasbought

forme

bymymother.第二十九頁(yè),共四十四頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期日Theysaid

thathewouldcomebacksoon.Itwassaid

thathewouldcomebacksoon.3.Itisreported/據(jù)報(bào)道believed/人們相信hoped/人們希望saidthat......據(jù)說(shuō)……4.WholockedthedoorlastWednesday?Bywhom

wasthedoorlockedlastWednesday?第三十頁(yè),共四十四頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期日1.Peopleuseknivesforcuttingthings.Knives____________forcuttingthings.2.Thestudentscleanthewindowsoftheirclassroomtwiceamonth.Thewindowsoftheirclassroom_____________twiceamonth.areusedarecleaned(變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))第三十一頁(yè),共四十四頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期日3.Ifoundtheticketonthefloor.________________________onthe

floor.4.Itoldhertoreturnthebookintime.She_____________toreturnthebook

intime.Theticketwasfoundwastold3.Wefoundtheticketonthefloor.第三十二頁(yè),共四十四頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期日5.Hisdoctormadehimhaveonlytwomealsaday.He___________________________onlytwomealsaday.6.Nowpeoplecanusecomputerstohelpthem.Nowcomputers___________________tohelpthem.wasmadetohavecanbeused第三十三頁(yè),共四十四頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期日7.Didyouplantmanytreesatthistimelastyear?___________________________atthistimelasttime?8.Mustwefinishourworktoday?_______ourwork_____________today?WeremanytreesplantedMustbefinished第三十四頁(yè),共四十四頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期日9.Theforeignfriendsgaveussomewonderfulstamps.1)____________________somewonderfulstamps.2)Somewonderfulstamps_____________________________.weweregivenweregiventous第三十五頁(yè),共四十四頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期日10.TheteacheraskedTomtoturnonthecomputer.Tom_______________toturnonthecomputer.11.Inthisfactorywomendomostofthework.Mostofthework_______________bywomeninthisfactory.wasaskedisdone第三十六頁(yè),共四十四頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期日12.Hecanmendthebikeintwodays.Thebike___________________intwodays.13.Youmusttakethismedicinethreetimesaday.Thismedicine______________________threetimesaday.canbemendedmustbetaken第三十七頁(yè),共四十四頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期日14.ThestudentsinthisschoolstudyGerman.German_______________bythestudentsinthisschool.15.Dotheyoftentalkaboutthisquestion?______thisquestionoften_______about______________?isstudiedIstalkedbythem第三十八頁(yè),共四十四頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期日wasn’tinvitedaresoldbedonehavetakenwasbuiltbetaken1.--Whydidn’tyougotoJim’sbirthdayparty?--Oh.I______________(notinvite)

2.--Whatdoyouwant,sir?--Couldyoutellmeifcomputers___________(sell)inthisshop.

3.--Alotofthingsshould_________(do)toprotecttheenvironment.--Iagreewithyou..4.Greatchanges____________(take)placeinmyhometownsince1990.5.--When______thebridge______(build)?Doyouknow?--Twoyearsago.6.

----CanItakethemagazineoutofthereadingroom?----SorryMagazinesofthiskindcan’t_________(take)out.第三十九頁(yè),共四十四頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期日

1.Ifcitynoises____fromincreasing,people____shouttobeheardevenatdinner.

A.a(chǎn)renotkept;willhaveto

B.a(chǎn)renotkept;have

C.donotkeep;willhaveto

D.donotkeep;haveto

2.Thefifthgenerationcomputers,____now.

A.developedB.havedeveloped

C.arebeingdevelopedD.willhavebeendeveloped

3.---____thesportsmeetmightbeputoff.

---Yes,italldependsontheweather.

A.I'vebeentold

B.I'vetold

C.I'mtold

D.Itold

ACA第四十頁(yè),共四十四頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期日4.Ineedonemorestampbeforemycollection___.

A.hascompleted

B.completes

C.hasbeencompleted

D.iscompleted

5.Rainforests___andburnedatsuchaspeedthattheywilldisappearfromtheearthinthenearfuture.

A.cut

B.arecut

C.arebeingcut

D.hadbeencut

6.Thenewbridge___bytheendofla

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