GrammaticalFilling

語法填空能全面考查學(xué)生在英語詞匯、語法,以及句法方面的運(yùn)用能力,能更科學(xué)地反映出學(xué)生的英語綜合水平。語法填空的語言材料的體裁通常是記敘文或說明文。

本題型的設(shè)題是在一篇200詞左右的短文中留出10處空白,6~7處空白的后面給出提示詞(所填內(nèi)容不得超過3個(gè)單詞),3~4處空白不給任何提示詞(僅填1個(gè)單詞),要求考生根據(jù)上下文填寫空白處所需的內(nèi)容。Introduction共10空6-7空（有提示詞）（不多于三個(gè)單詞）3-4空（無提示詞）（只能填一個(gè)單詞）動(dòng)詞名詞：?jiǎn)螐?fù)數(shù)形容詞/副詞：比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)詞性轉(zhuǎn)換連詞（并列句）：and,but,or,when…引導(dǎo)詞（名詞性從句，定語從句）：who,that,what…代詞：it,they,him,our,themselves…介詞：in,on,to,for…冠詞：

a/an,the(泛指/特指)時(shí)態(tài)，語態(tài)——主謂一致非謂語動(dòng)詞：V-ing，V-ed，todo考點(diǎn)一、提示詞為動(dòng)詞一、提示詞為動(dòng)詞1、考查謂語動(dòng)詞句中沒有謂語，或者雖然已有謂語動(dòng)詞，但中間有并列或轉(zhuǎn)折連詞時(shí)，需填的詞是謂語動(dòng)詞,要考慮時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài).

wasset例：Theearlierrecordof28hours________(set)in2014.Allyoungmentookuparmsand_________(fight)againsttheinvaders.

fought2點(diǎn)擊添加文本點(diǎn)擊添加文本點(diǎn)擊添加文本點(diǎn)擊添加文本2、考查非謂語動(dòng)詞判斷非謂語動(dòng)詞的形式：→表目的和將來，用__________________→表主動(dòng)和進(jìn)行，用__________________→表被動(dòng)和完成，用__________________確定謂語動(dòng)詞or非謂語動(dòng)詞？→填非謂語：句子中已有________且無_____。邏輯主語謂語動(dòng)詞連詞不定式todo現(xiàn)在分詞doing過去分詞doneIshoulddomoreexercise___________(improve)myEnglish.Englishtoimprove(1)_________(kiss)byChenHe,LiChenwasverysad._________(kiss)LiChen,ChenHewasveryexcited.

如何判斷主動(dòng)or被動(dòng)？→提示：找到非謂語動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語，并判斷其和非謂語動(dòng)詞的主被動(dòng)關(guān)系。KissedKissing

(2)___________(see)fromthemountain,thesealooksbeautiful.___________(see)fromthemountain,youwillfindtheseabeautiful.SeenSeeing3、考查詞類轉(zhuǎn)換

有時(shí)所給提示詞雖然是動(dòng)詞,但是空白處既不是考查謂語動(dòng)詞也不是考查非謂語動(dòng)詞,而是考查詞類轉(zhuǎn)換。例：Sheisdeterminedtocarryonwithher__________(educate).Jackbecamevery_______(worry)cationworriedExercise11、Thebook____________(write)bySanMaoin1976.2、Ilikereadingthenovels_______(write)bySanMao.3、Heoftenworkshard_________(earn)moremoney.4、He_______(go)intotheclassroomandwroteontheblackboard.waswrittenwrittentoearnwent5、________(hear)thenews,hecouldn’thelplaughing.6、Shegotoffthebus,but______(leave)herbookinthebus.7、Shegotoffthebus,________(hold)herbook.8、________(catch)theearlybus,shegotupat6:00.HearingleftholdingTocatch二、提示詞為名詞或代詞二、提示詞為名詞或代詞1、考查名詞、代詞的數(shù)與格

空白處所給提示詞是名詞時(shí),一般考查單復(fù)數(shù)的變化,偶爾考查所有格或名詞的派生形式;所給詞是代詞時(shí),一般考查人稱代詞變?yōu)槲镏鞔~。3、Wearingthewrongtypeofglasseswilldoharmto________(you)eyes.1、Thenurseryteamswitcheshimeveryfew______(day)withhissister.2、Haveyoueverread________(today)newspaper?daystoday’syour2、考查名詞的詞類轉(zhuǎn)換及人稱代詞變?yōu)榉瓷泶~

當(dāng)所給提示詞是名詞,并且考查詞類轉(zhuǎn)換時(shí),主要是將名詞變?yōu)樾稳菰~或動(dòng)詞。當(dāng)所給提示詞為代詞,并且考查人稱代詞時(shí),有時(shí)也會(huì)將其變?yōu)榉瓷泶~。3、Ijustwantedtogiveup.Ireallycouldn’tcontrol________(I).

1、Thepriceofthefoodinthisrestaurantis__________(reason),somanypeoplecomeheretoeatatweekends.2、Weshouldmakefulluseofourtimetodo________(use)things.reasonableusefulmyself三、提示詞為形容詞或副詞三、提示詞為形容詞或副詞1、考查形容詞或副詞的比較等級(jí)

所給提示詞是形容詞或副詞時(shí),可考慮是否變?yōu)楸容^級(jí)或最高級(jí)。1、The_______(hard)youtrytobeathim,themorelikelyyouwillgethit.Hecontrolsyou!2、Finally,thathardworkpaidoffandnowthewaterintheriveris_______(clean)thanever.

hardercleaner2、考查詞類轉(zhuǎn)換

所給提示詞是形容詞時(shí),還需要考慮形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為副詞或名詞。1、Theexamwas____________(particular)importantbecauseheknewhisfuturecareermightbeatstake.2、Facialexpressionandbodylanguagecan__________(great)affectaconversation.particularlygreatlyExercise21、BeforeIgotonthebike,Ifelt__________(extreme)nervous.2、I_______(usual)playitasbackgroundmusicwhileI’mdoingsomehousework.

3、Someof_______(they)wereinpoorhealthandwereveryunhappy.

4、Retirementisobviouslyaverycomplexadjustmentperiodandthe______(early)youstartplanningforit,thebetter.

5、Ihopehe’llgooutandenjoy________(him)forachange.

6、StephenHawkingwasoneofthemostbrilliant__________(science)ofhisage.extremelyusuallythemearlierhimselfscientists四、無提示詞1、介詞注意常用的介詞,以及各類帶介詞的詞組。1、Inafewweekshisrestaurantisalwaysfull________

menwiththeirladyfriends.

4、Mostofusaremorefocused______ourtasksinthemorningthanwearelaterintheday.2、MostAmericansenjoymovingfromplace____

place.

3、“Iamagamer.”Isaid_____

alowvoice.oftoinon2、冠詞

如果空格后有名詞而且兩者搭配在一起表示泛指或特指含義,或者有序數(shù)詞、最高級(jí)、表示特指意義的比較級(jí)等形式,那么空格處一般是填冠詞。2、Tomissuch____

cleverstudentthateveryteacherinthedepartmentlikeshim.3、As_____result,peoplewilleatmorefoodtotrytomakeupforthatsomethingmissing.1、Inthatcase,wewilllearnlittleabout______world.4、QinghaiLakeis______largestinlandsaltwaterlakeinChina.theaathe3、代詞

當(dāng)句中缺少主語或賓語時(shí),一般要填代詞,主要包括人稱代詞、不定代詞以及it。1、Ifind_______veryimportanttostudyasecondlanguage.

2、______isnecessarytotakeofftheshoeswhenweentertheroom.itIt4、并列連詞

并列成分之間存在并列、轉(zhuǎn)折、選擇、因果關(guān)系等。常用的連詞有and,or,but,so,for,while,等,常用的關(guān)聯(lián)短語有both...and...,either...or...,neither...nor...,notonly...butalso...,等。Thefoodherewasofgoodquality,________nobodyseemedtowanttoeatthere.

butNeitherwe_____ourteacherknowstheanswertothisquestion.BothPeter_____TomarefromSouthAfrica.norand5、從句引導(dǎo)詞

從句引導(dǎo)詞用來引導(dǎo)狀語從句、名詞性從句和定語從句。判斷空格處填哪一類引導(dǎo)詞,首先要看它所引導(dǎo)的是哪一種從句,然后根據(jù)引導(dǎo)詞的種類和功能來確定填哪一個(gè)引導(dǎo)詞。1、Thisisthereason________wemustvaluetime.2、Sheandherfamilybicycletowork,_____helpsthemkeepfit.

whywhich3、Idoubt____________hewillcometomorrow.whether/ifPractice

Accordingtoareviewofevidenceinamedicaljournal,runnerslivethreeyears_____(long)thannon-runners.Youdon’thavetorunfastorforlong_______

(see)thebenefit.Youmaydrink,smoke,beoverweightandstillreduceyourriskof______

(die)earlybyrunning.

Whilerunningregularlycan’tmakeyouliveforever,thereviewsaysit_______

(be)moreeffectiveatlengtheninglife_______

walking,cyclingorswimming.Twooftheauthorsofthereviewalsomadeastudypublishedin2014__________

showedamerefiveto10minutesadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromall_______

(cause).

longertoseedyingisthanwhich/thatcauses

Thebestexerciseisonethatyouenjoyandwilldo.Butotherwise...I