語法填空31、閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。OneofChina’slargesthanfu-themed___1___(event),theannualHanfuCulturalFestivalinXitangancienttown,EastChina’sZhejiangProvinc___2___e.(hold)fromOctober28to31lastyear.Accordingtostatisticsfromtheorganizer,157,326visitorsattended___3___festival,manof___4___werehanfu-wearingenthusiasts,called“tongpao”.___5___(original)fromthecollectionofancientChinesePoetryBookofSongs,thewordtongpaois-nowusedtodescribewhoeverappreciates___6___(tradition)HanChineseclothing.___7___(forbid)duringChina’slastfeudal封建的)dynasty( ，theQingDynasty,hanfuclothinghasbeenlittleknown___8___thepublicformanydecades.Nowadays,hanfuismakingacomeback.Tongpaohasriseninnumberoverthepast15years___9___aworkerinCentralChina’sHenanProvincenamedWangLetianmadeahanfu-stylesuitandwore___10___inpublicin2003.閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(不多于3個(gè)單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。AmanlookingathissmartphonewhilewalkingacrossarailwaycrossinginNanjing①(have)acloseknockonOct.22.②Hewas(absorb)inhissmartphonethathesodidn’tseeatrainapproachinguntilitbrushe③dpasthim,(throw)himtotheground.Thisshouldserve④awarningthatpeopleshouldbeawareoftheirsurroundings,especially⑤crossingroads.(lucky),themansurvivedabrushwithdeath,buttheincidentforcedthedriver(stop)thetrain.An18-minutedelayfollowed⑧theincident,ledtoabreakintherunningofothertrainsontheroute.Smartphone⑨(addicted)hasspreadlikeaninfectiousdisease.It’sevidentthatitwilldogreatharmtosociety.What’s⑩even(bad),someaddictsbecomeimpatient.Somepeopleblamethesmartphoneforthetragedy,yetinfactpeople’sweakeningself-controlandself-disciplinearetoblame.閱讀下面材料，在空白處填寫1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或用括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Afewyearsago,afteralongmorningofsightseeinginNewYork,mychildrenandItookarestonaparkbenchinCentralPark.“Look!”mysons___1___aid,(point)toanearbyrubbishbin.That’swhenwesawourfirstraccoon(浣熊).Quiteathomeinthebigcity,hepaidusnoattention,concentratingonlyonfindinga___2___(taste)lunch.Hesortedthroughafewoptionsbeforecomingoutwithawrappedsandwich___3___(hold)betweenhispaws.___4___(surprise),ratherthanrunaway,hejumpeddownandwalkedcasuallytoaspotonthepath,notametrefrom___5___wesat.Thechildrenwerespellbound,theraccoonprovidingbetter___6___(entertain)thananymuseum.Heglancedatus,perhapscheckingtosee___7___wewereabouttostealhislunch.___8___delicatefingers,hepeeledbackthelayersofplasticwrapuntilthehalf-eatensandwich___9___(uncover).Thenhesurprisedusall.Insteadofstartinghisfood,heturnedtoanearbypoolofwatera___10___(dip)hispawsin.Withacasualair,herubbedhispawstogetherunderwaterforamoment,brushedhisfur,thenstartedgracefullypickingathismeal.4、閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Oneweekend,RobertaUrsrey’sfamilywenttotheseasideforatravel.Atfirst,everythingwentwell.Butsuddenly,RobertaUrsreysawhertwosons①__________(struggle)againstthetide100yardsoutfromshore.SeveralotherUrsreyfamilymembersalongwithanearbycouple,jumpedinthewater②__________(help)themand③__________(catch)inthetide.Therewasn’talifeguard④__________dutyandthesituationwasgrowingmoreandmoredangerous.Sobeachgoersbeganlinkingarmsandheadingintotheocean.People⑤__________couldn'tevenswimwerepartofthathumanchain.Oneonlooker,JessicaMaeSimmonsknewshecouldsavethoseduetoherstrongswimmingskills.Althoughsomewereworriedaboutheadingoutintothesea,Simmonsfelt⑥__________(confidence)thatshecouldbringeveryonetosafety.Simmonsandherhusbandgrabbedtwoboardsandpaddleddownthehumanchainuntilshereachedthe⑦_(dá)_________(swimmer).Sherescuedthemonebyoneandwheneveryonereturnedtothebeach,thecrowdcheered⑧__________(happy).Simmonssaidshestayedcalm⑨__________shestronglyfelteveryonewouldbeokayintheend,especiallywheneveryonepulledtheirstrengthtogethertosaveperfectstrangers.Thankstoonlookers’willingnesstoleapintoactionandSimmons’⑩__________(brave),beachgoerssavedseverallivesthatday.5、閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Disposing(處理)ofwastehasbeenaproblemsincehumansstartedproducingit.Asmoreandmorepeoplechoosetoliveclosetogetherincities,thewastedisposalproblembecomes①__________(increase)difficult.Duringtheeighteenthcentury,itwasusualforseveralneighboringtownstogettogethertoselectafarawayspot②__________adumpsite(垃圾場).People③__________(transport)householdrubbish,rottedwood,andoldpossessionstothesite.Regularlysomeofthetrashwasburnedandtherestwasburied.The④__________(pleasant)sightsandsmellscausednoproblembecausenobodylivedcloseby.Factoriesmills(制造廠),andotherindustrialsitesalsohadwastetobedisposedof.Thoselocatedonriversoftenjustdumpedtheunwanted⑤__________(remaining)intothewater.Othersbuilthugeburnerswithchimneystodealwiththeproblem.Severalfactsmakethesechoices⑥__________(accept)tomodernsociety.Thefirstproblemisspace.Dumps,⑦_(dá)_________arenowcalledlandfills,aremostneededinheavilypopulatedareas.Suchareasrarelyhaveemptylandsuitableforthispurpose.Thelandiseithertooexpensortooclosetoresidentialneighborhoods.Alongdistancedumphasbeenacommonpractice,⑧__________oncefarmareasarerefusingtoacceptrubbishfromelsewhere,cheaplandwithintruckingdistanceofmajorcityareasisnonexistent.⑨__________(aware)ofpollutiondangershasresultedinmorestrictrulesofwastedisposal.Pollutionofrivers,groundwater,landandapricepeoplecannolongerpaytogetridofwaste.Theamountofwaste,however,continuestogrow.⑩__________(recycle)effortshavebecomecommonplace,andmanytownsrequiretheirpeopletotakepart.Eventhemostefficientrecyclingprograms,however,canhopetodealwithonlyabout50percentofacity’ssablewaste.reu6、閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Smileisauniversallanguage,which___1___(use)throughouttheworld.However,themeaningofasmileindifferentculturesmaybedifferent.Dependingondifferentcultures,smilicanexpressjoyand___2___(amuse),butitcanalsoindicateembarrassment.Thefollowingexamplesshowthispointofview.Inanattempttobeopenand___3___(friend),peopleintheUnitedStatessmilealot.EveryonesmilesateachotherandthisnonverbalcommunicationshowsbeingpoliteintheUnitedStates.ButinChina,smilingisnotonly___4___expressionofhappiness,butalsoawaytoavoid___5___(be)embarrassed.Chinesepeoplelikesmilingwhentheyareembarrassedinordertoavoidembarrassment.Smilingisakindofgoodwillbutnotsnee(嘲笑).Forexample:Whenachildfallsofffromabike,theadultsinChinamaysmile,___6___isakindofgentleencouragementandmaynotbeakindofimpolitelaugh.Thelaughis___7___(relate)tothesmile.Also,differentcultureshavevarious___8___(meaning)aboutlaugh.Americanscanenjoyaveryheartfeltbelly腹部)laughthatcomes(___9___thedeepestemotionswhilemostChinesemaythink___10___sillytolaughthatway.答案以及解析1答案及解析：答案：1.events2.washeld3.the4.whom5.Originally6.traditional7.Forbidden8.to9.sin10.it解析：【1題詳解】考查固定結(jié)構(gòu)。Oneof+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，表示“...之一”，所以填events?！?題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語lastyear，可知是描述發(fā)生在過去的事情，用一般過去時(shí)，“中國最大的漢服主題活動(dòng)之一”與“舉行”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，所以填washeld?！?題詳解】考查冠詞。特指“這個(gè)節(jié)日”，用定冠詞，所以填the?！?題詳解】考查定語從句。manyof___4___werehanfu-wearingenthusiasts是一個(gè)定語從句，先行詞是visitors，關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語，介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句，指人，只能用whom?！?題詳解】考查副詞。修飾整個(gè)句子，用副詞，所以填Originally?！?題詳解】考查形容詞。該空修飾名詞HanChineseclothing，用形容詞，所以填traditional?！?題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。forbid的邏輯主語是hanfuclothing，它們之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用過去分詞作原因狀語，所以填Forbidden?！?題詳解】考查固定用法。beknowntosb為…所知，該用法是固定用法，所以填to?！?題詳解】考查連詞。句意：如今，漢服正在卷土重來。自2003年中國中部河南省一名叫王樂天的工人制作了一套漢服并在公共場合穿著以來，同袍的數(shù)量在過去15年里不斷增加。文中表示“從…以來”，所以填since?！?0題詳解】考查代詞。指代上文提到的ahanfu-stylesuit，所以填it。2答案及解析：答案：had;absorbed;throwing;as;when/while;Luckily;tostop;which;addiction;worse解析：①考查一般過去時(shí)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語“onOct.22”可知,此處是在描述發(fā)生在過去的事情,故用一般過去時(shí)。②考查固定短語。beabsorbedin意為“專心致志,全神貫注”,是固定短語。③考查現(xiàn)在分詞。根據(jù)語境可知,此處表示“火車與他擦身而過,把他摔在了地上'train和throw之間是主謂關(guān)系,故用現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語。④考查固定結(jié)構(gòu)。serveas意為“起作用,產(chǎn)生效果”,此處表示“這應(yīng)該給人們起一個(gè)警告作用”。⑤考查連詞。根據(jù)語境可知,此處表示“尤其是當(dāng)過馬路的時(shí)候”,故用when或while,此處是“主語+系動(dòng)詞”的省略?？蛇€原為:especiallywhen/whiletheyarecrossingroads。⑥考查副詞。幸運(yùn)的是,這個(gè)男子與死亡擦肩而過,但是這個(gè)事件迫使駕駛員停下了火車。在句首應(yīng)該用lucky的副詞形式,即Luckily。⑦考查動(dòng)詞不定式。forcesb.todosth.意為“迫使某人做某事”,為固定結(jié)構(gòu)。⑧考查非限制性定語從句。因?yàn)檫@件事耽擱了18分鐘,導(dǎo)致路線上其他火車的運(yùn)行中斷了。此處用which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句,指代前面的“an18-minutedelay”。⑨考查名詞。分析句子成分可知,此處作主語,意為“手機(jī)上癮”,故用addicted的名詞形式addiction,意為“上癮”,addict作為名詞時(shí),意為“對……著迷的人”,此處不符合語境。⑩考查形容詞比較級。what’sevenworse意為“甚至更糟糕的是”,even修飾比較級,故用worse。3答案及解析：答案：1.pointing2.tasty/tasteful3.held4.Surprisingly5.where6.entertainment7.if/whethWith9.wasuncovered10.dipped解析：【1題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：看，我兒子說到，指著附近的一個(gè)垃圾箱。分析句子可知，point作狀語，與其邏輯主語myson為主謂關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞形式pointing?！?題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：在大城市里感到很自在，浣熊根本就沒注意我們，專注于尋找自己美味的午餐。修飾名詞用形容詞，故用tasty或者tasteful?！?題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：小浣熊搜索了一些東西，之后找到了一塊包裹著的三明治，兩個(gè)爪子握著三明治。分析句子可知，hold作后置定語修飾sandwich，與其屬于動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用過去分詞形式held?！?題詳解】考查副詞。句意：讓人驚訝的是，浣熊沒有逃跑，而是從垃圾箱上跳下來，很隨意地走到路上的一個(gè)地方，離我們坐的不到一米。分析句子可知，修飾句子用副詞，故用surprisingly?！?題詳解】考查賓語從句。句意：：讓人驚訝的是，浣熊沒有逃跑，而是從垃圾箱上跳下來，很隨意地走到路上的一個(gè)地方，離我們坐的不到一米。分析句子可知，wesat作from的賓語，而從句缺乏地點(diǎn)狀語，故用連接副詞where?！?題詳解】考查名詞。句意：孩子們像著了迷一樣，因?yàn)殇叫芙o孩子們提供的快樂超過任何一個(gè)博物館。分析句子可知，provide后接賓語，故須名詞，故用entertainment?！?題詳解】考查賓語從句。句意：它盯著我們看，好像檢查我們是否會(huì)偷它的東西。分析句子可知，wewereabouttostealhislunch作see的賓語，從句結(jié)構(gòu)完整，但是結(jié)合語境，需要是否的意思，故用if或者whether?！?題詳解】考查介詞。句意：有靈活的爪子，它把三明治的包裝紙退下來，直到吃剩一半的三明治露出來。分析句子可知，因?yàn)橛徐`活的爪子，可以吃到東西，故用With?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：有靈活的爪子，它把三明治的包裝紙退下來，直到吃剩一半的三明治露出來。分析句子可知，本句缺乏謂語，uncover與其主語為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，陳述過去的事情，故用wasuncovered?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：沒有立即開始享用美食，它走到附近的水池，把爪子伸進(jìn)水里。分析句子可知，本句缺乏謂語，與其主語為主謂關(guān)系，故用一般過去時(shí)dipped。4答案及解析：答案：struggling;tohelp;werecaught;on;who;confident;swimmers;happily;because/for/and;bravery解析：struggling考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。Roberta看見時(shí)，孩子正在水中掙扎，“seesb.doing...”強(qiáng)調(diào)看見某人正在做某事，故此處用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。tohelp考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。他們跳進(jìn)水里，是為了幫助他們。故用不定式結(jié)構(gòu)作目的狀語。werecaught考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。本文敘述的是已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情，用一般過去時(shí)；主語“members”和動(dòng)詞catch之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。on考查固定搭配。onduty意為“值班”，符合語境。who考查定語從句。先行詞people指人，定語從句中少主語，用引導(dǎo)詞who。confident考查形容詞的用法。在系動(dòng)詞felt后面，用形容詞作表語。swimmers考查名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。根據(jù)語境以及下文的“rescuedthemonebyone”可知，此處是復(fù)數(shù)概念，故用復(fù)數(shù)形式。happily考查副詞的用法。修飾動(dòng)詞cheered，在句中作狀語，用副詞形式。because考查連詞。Simmons很平靜，因?yàn)樗嘈疟娙说牧α?，此處表示原因，故用連詞because。bravery考查名詞的用法。在所有格Simmons’后面，用名詞形式。5答案及解析：答案：increasingly;as;transported/wouldtransport;unpleasant;remains;unacceptable;which;but;awareness;recycling解析：【1題詳解】increasingly考查副詞用法。文中表示越來越困難,修飾形容詞difficult,故用副詞形式?！?題詳解】as考查介詞。句意:在18世紀(jì),幾個(gè)相鄰的城鎮(zhèn)通常會(huì)一起選擇一個(gè)偏遠(yuǎn)的地點(diǎn)作為垃圾場。as作介詞意為“作為,當(dāng)作”?！?題詳解】transported/wouldtransport考查謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。人們把垃圾運(yùn)送到垃圾場。講的是18世紀(jì)的事,故用一般過去時(shí)或過去將來時(shí)?！?題詳解】unpleasant考查形容詞。根據(jù)上文,滿地垃圾的場面和發(fā)散的氣味是難聞的,故用unpleasant?！?題詳解】remains考查名詞。把不想要的垃圾倒入河水里,