電子束選區(qū)熔化技術制備高Nb-TiAl合金的成形工藝和組織調控研究摘要：

本文使用電子束選區(qū)熔化技術制備高Nb-TiAl合金，并對其成形工藝和組織調控進行研究。通過對制備工藝和工藝參數(shù)的調整，得到了具有良好力學性能和組織結構的高Nb-TiAl合金。在制備過程中，采用了正交實驗設計方法，優(yōu)化了電子束掃描速度、功率、流量等工藝參數(shù)，使得合金材料的熔化區(qū)域受熱均勻且形成比較整齊的熔化區(qū)域。在組織結構調控方面，采用了多次熱處理工藝，以及添加第三元素來改善合金的組織結構和力學性能。結果顯示出了添加元素的利用價值，并且命名了新的Nb-TiAl合金品種，制備的材料在熱穩(wěn)定性、阻燃性和耐蝕性方面都有較好的表現(xiàn)。

關鍵詞：電子束選區(qū)熔化技術、高Nb-TiAl合金、力學性能、組織結構調控、第三元素

Abstract:

Inthispaper,highNb-TiAlalloywaspreparedusingelectronbeamselectivemeltingtechnology,anditsformingprocessandmicrostructureregulationwerestudied.Byadjustingthepreparationprocessandprocessparameters,highNb-TiAlalloywithgoodmechanicalpropertiesandmicrostructurewasobtained.Inthepreparationprocess,theorthogonalexperimentaldesignmethodwasadoptedtooptimizetheprocessparameterssuchaselectronbeamscanningspeed,power,andflowrate,sothatthemeltingregionofthealloymaterialwasevenlyheatedandarelativelyneatmeltingregionwasformed.Intermsofmicrostructureregulation,multipleheattreatmentprocessesandtheadditionofthirdelementswereusedtoimprovethemicrostructureandmechanicalpropertiesofthealloy.Theresultsshowedtheutilizationvalueofaddingelements,andanewNb-TiAlalloyvarietywasnamed,andthepreparedmaterialshadgoodperformanceinthermalstability,flameretardancy,andcorrosionresistance.

Keywords:electronbeamselectivemeltingtechnology,highNb-TiAlalloy,mechanicalproperties,microstructureregulation,thirdelemenTheelectronbeamselectivemeltingtechnologywasemployedtopreparethehighNb-TiAlalloy,andthemicrostructureandmechanicalpropertiesofthealloywerestudied.Itwasfoundthatthemicrostructureofthealloycouldberegulatedbyaddingthirdelements,suchasMoandCr.TheadditionofMoandCrcouldpromotetheformationofβ-TiAlphase,refinethemicrostructure,andenhancethemechanicalpropertiesofthealloy.

Moreover,theadditionofthirdelementscouldalsoimprovethethermalstability,flameretardancy,andcorrosionresistanceofthealloy.TheMoandCrcouldformstableoxidesonthesurfaceofthealloy,whichcouldprotectthealloyfromfurtheroxidationandcorrosion.TheadditionofNbcouldincreasethesolidsolutionstrengtheningeffectandrefinethegrainsizeofthealloy.

Afterthetreatmentprocessesandtheadditionofthirdelements,anewNb-TiAlalloyvarietywasnamed,andthepreparedmaterialshadexcellentmechanicalproperties,includinghighstrength,hightoughness,andgoodductility.Thealloyalsoexhibitedgoodthermalstability,flameretardancy,andcorrosionresistance,whichindicateditspotentialapplicationinvariousfields.

Insummary,theelectronbeamselectivemeltingtechnologyisanefficientmethodtopreparehigh-qualityNb-TiAlalloys,andtheadditionofthirdelementscansignificantlyimprovethemicrostructureandpropertiesofthealloys.Thestudyprovidesatheoreticalandexperimentalbasisforthedevelopmentofnewhigh-performanceNb-TiAlalloysFurthermore,thestudyalsoexaminedtheeffectofvariedprocessingparametersonthepropertiesofNb-TiAlalloys.Itwasfoundthatincreasedbeamcurrentandscanspeedledtoadecreaseinthedensityofthealloys,whiletheuseofahigherpreheattemperatureandenergyinputledtoimprovedpropertiessuchashigherstrengthandhardness.

Additionally,thestudyalsoinvestigatedtheeffectofpost-treatmentprocessessuchasheattreatmentandhotisostaticpressingonthemicrostructureandpropertiesoftheNb-TiAlalloys.Itwasfoundthatheattreatmentcouldsignificantlyimprovetheductilityandtoughnessofthealloys,whilehotisostaticpressingcouldfurtherenhancethedensityandmechanicalpropertiesofthealloys.

Overall,theresultsofthisstudydemonstratethepotentialofelectronbeamselectivemeltingtechnologyforthefabricationofhigh-performanceNb-TiAlalloys.Theadditionofthirdelementsandoptimizationofprocessingparametersandpost-treatmentprocessescanfurtherimprovethemicrostructureandpropertiesofthealloys,makingthemsuitableforuseinvariousapplicationssuchasaerospace,automotive,andenergyindustries.

Inconclusion,thedevelopmentofhigh-performanceNb-TiAlalloysiscrucialforadvancingthefieldofmaterialsscienceandengineering.Theuseofelectronbeamselectivemeltingtechnologyprovidesapromisingmethodforthefabricationofsuchalloys,withthepotentialforfurtherimprovementsthroughtheuseofthirdelementsandoptimizationofprocessingandpost-treatmentparameters.Withcontinuedresearchanddevelopment,thesealloyshavethepotentialtorevolutionizevariousindustriesandenablethecreationofnewandinnovativetechnologiesFurthermore,thefieldofmaterialsscienceandengineeringcanbenefitfromadvancementsinnanotechnologyandnanomaterials.Nanotechnologyinvolvesthedesign,fabrication,andmanipulationofmaterialsonthenanoscale,typicallyintherangeof1to100nanometers.Theuniquepropertiesofnanomaterials,suchashighsurfaceareatovolumeratio,quantumconfinement,andsize-dependentopticalandelectronicproperties,haveattractedsignificantattentionfromresearchers.

Onepromisingapplicationofnanomaterialsisinthedevelopmentofhighlyefficientsolarcells.Traditionalsolarcellsaremadeofsilicon,butnanomaterialssuchasquantumdotsandnanowirescanofferbenefitssuchashigherefficiency,lowercost,andflexibility.Quantumdotsaretinyparticlesthatcanabsorbandemitlightatspecificwavelengths,whichcanbetunedbychangingtheirsize.Nanowires,ontheotherhand,haveahighsurfaceareathatcanincreaselightabsorptionandfacilitatechargeseparation.

Theuseofnanomaterialsalsohasthepotentialtorevolutionizethefieldofenergystorage.Lithium-ionbatteriesarewidelyusedinelectronicdevicesandelectricvehicles,buttheyarelimitedbytheirlowenergydensityandsafetyconcerns.Nanomaterialssuchasgrapheneandcarbonnanotubescanincreasetheenergydensityofbatteries,whilealsoimprovingtheirdurabilityandsafety.Additionally,nanomaterialscanbeusedascatalystsforchemicalreactions,whichcanenabletheproductionofrenewablefuelsandreducegreenhousegasemissions.

Anotherexcitingapplicationofnanomaterialsisinthedevelopmentofadvancedsensorsforawiderangeofapplications.Nanomaterialssuchasnanowiresandquantumdotscanbeusedtodetectvariouschemicalsandbiomoleculeswithhighsensitivityandselectivity.Forexample,nanosensorscanbeusedinmedicaldiagnosticstodetectdiseasesatanearlystageormonitortheeffectivenessoftreatments.Theycanalsobeusedforenvironmentalmonitoringtodetectpollutantsandensurethesafetyofdrinkingwater.

Inconclusion,thefieldofmaterialsscienceandengineeringhasthepotentialtomakesignificantcontributionstoindustriesandsocietyasawhole.Advancesinthedevelopmentofnewmateria