2018級(jí)高二下期開(kāi)學(xué)考試英語(yǔ)試題第Ⅰ卷第一部分聽(tīng)力（共20小題：每小題1.5分，滿分30分）第一節(jié)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.WhenwillthewomangotoSanFrancisco?A.InJune. B.InJuly. C.InAugust.2.Howmanystudentscometoschoolonfoot?A.10. B.20. C.25.3.Howmuchwillthemanpay?A.$5. B.$8. C.$10.4.Wherearethespeakers?A.Athome. B.Atarestaurant. C.Inamovietheater.5.Whatdoestheman’smotherwanthimtodo?A.Visither.B.Giveheralift.C.Dropoffsomemailforher.第二節(jié)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatdoesthemanwantthegirltodo?A.Gotobed. B.Takeashower. C.Smellherself.7.Whycanthegirlsmelltheman?A.Heneedsabath.B.Hewearsperfume.C.Hisclothesaredirty.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatdoesthewomanusuallydointhemorning?A.WatchTV.B.Readonlinenews.C.Readthenewspaper.9.Howdoesthewomanwatchmoviesmostoften?A.Sherentsthem.B.Shegoestoatheater.C.Shedownloadsthem.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whodoesthewomanwanttospeakto?A.Mr.Grist. B.Ms.Grist. C.Ms.Jones.11.Whatwillthewomandointheafternoon?A.Goswimming.B.Attendameeting.C.Shopforsomeclothes.12.Whenwillthespeakersmeet?A.At1:00thisafternoon.B.At3:00thisafternoon.C.At3:00onThursday.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.What’sthemainreasonthemanwon’tfixtheprinter?A.Hehasnotime.B.Hedoesn’tknowhowtofixit.C.He’dprefertobuyanewone.14.Whydidthewomanhavetousetheprinteratthelibrary?A.Itwascheaper.B.Sheworksthere.C.Themanmadetheirprinterworse.15.WhoisJerry?A.Aprintersalesman.B.Thewoman’sbrother.C.Someonewhofixesprinters.16.Whatdothespeakersdecidetodointheend?A.AskJerrytofixtheirprinter.B.Readtheinstructionsagain.C.LetTomhavealookattheprinter.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.HowdidHeatherlearnaboutsurfing?A.Fromherfather.B.Fromawebsite.C.FromherfriendDiego.18.WhendidHeatherbuyherfirstboard?A.Afterherfirstday.B.Aftersixmonths.C.Ayearlater.19.AtwhattimeofdaydidHeatherseetheshark?A.Inthemorning. B.Intheafternoon. C.Atnight.20.HowdidHeatherfeelattheendofthestory?A.Scared. B.Free. C.Grateful.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的個(gè)選項(xiàng)、、和中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答讀卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ACanyoubelieveeverythingthatyouread?Itseemsasifeveryday,somenewarticlescomeoutaboutanewdiscoveryaboutthisorthat.Forexample,waterisbadforyou,orgoodforyou.Theanswerdependsonwhichscientificstudyhasjustcomeout.Peoplecannotdecidewhichfooditemsarehealthy,howpyramidswereconstructed,andwhydinosaursdisappeared.Whenwelookforanswerswesometimescanbelievepersuasiveresearchesandscientists.Buthowtrustworthyaretheyreally?Herearetwoexamplesofscientifichoaxes(騙局).Asfarbackas1726,JohannBeringerwasfooledbyhisfellowscientistsintothinkinghehadmadeanamazingdiscovery.Thefossilsofspiders,lizards,andevenbirdswiththenameofGodwrittenontheminHebrewwereunlikeanythingthathadbeenfoundbefore.Hewroteseveralpapersonthemandwasfamousforthoseonlytohaveitrevealedthattheywereplantedbyjealouscolleaguestoruinhisreputation.Whenanearlyhumanbeingwasdiscoveredin1912,scientistsatthistimewerewildwithexcitementoverthemeaningithadforthetheoryofevolution.TherewerehundredsofpapersaboutthisPiltdownmanoverthenextfiftyyearsuntilitwasfinallydiscoveredtobeacomplexhoax.Theskull(頭骨)ofamanhadbeenmixedwiththejawboneofanorangutan(猩猩)tomaketheape(猿)man.Thenexttimeyoureadtheexcitingnewfindingsofastudyofthebestscientist,donotautomaticallyassumethatitistrue.Evenqualifiedpeoplecangetitwrong.Thoughwecertainlyshouldnotignorescientificresearch,wedoneedtotakeitwithagrainofsalt.Justbecauseitisacceptedasthetruthtodaydoesnotmeanitwillstillbetrustworthytomorrow.21．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“withagrainofsalt”inParagraph4mean?A.Happily.B.DoubtfullyC.Generally.D.Completely.22．WhatisthereasonwhyJohannBeringerwasfooled?A.Hiscolleagueswerejealousofhimanddidsotodestroyhisfame.B.Hisfellowscientistswantedtomakefunofhim.C.Hisworkmatesareeagertobecomefamoustoo.D.Thesescientistsmadeamistakebecauseofcarelessness.23．TheexcitedscientiststhoughtthatthisPiltdownman________.A.wasinfactacomplexhoaxB.wasagreatscientificinventionC.hadtheskulllikethatofanapeD.contributedtothetheoryofevolutionBmoremorespeaktheofEnglish,areInofthe6,000-7,000spokenaroundthewillbetooutbythecntur,theInnforttoprvntngugeoss,chorsromanumbrforgntons----SOthem----havefortheathelewhotheofthethatbook,AofThangmiandoutofworking,aatheThangmicultureaforwhoseekstooraltraditionsacrossthereachesofhenotcontenttorecordthesewithoutrecord.theofdiscoveredaofphotographs,notes----whichwereofcarethroughthehefounded----thethestartedatosuchfoundstoresaroundtheworld,nottobuttotheoffromwhomthewerecollected.ThankstheInternet,thecanbesavedreconnectedwithspeechofthebestdescribeswork?Record,tectreconnect.report.3referto .recordsofthebooksonusersspeakerswiththespeakersbookbasedon?TheThedocumntsvbete.researchpersonalscholarsareeffortsto .promoterescuesearchforsetupresearchCthebysometobethefirstnovel—caused1993,weren’ttooconcernedonewaschanged2007whencameontothewhichtoe-bookuptoe-books’toThetopossibletobooksbecomeaofthepast?tofounderoftheIdeabooksforwill,10frombesounusualawillwhtsbutontheyou’llseeoneortwowhileelseoffofathetothoughsuchawon’tfor50toormoreyears.founderofthefortheofthebookswon’tnotwillbutwillbeaappealtoapoetrytod.woodblockhand-processed(編織),hesays.futureofbenotbybutbythethebetweenwriterwillbelessbyaexperiencewhichauthorscanwitheachtodiscusspassage,sentenceorIsthereweoftheforResearchcanaffectthewaythetocomprehension,focusthetotoplotorderofworryhaveashort-circuitedbrain,forbutnotforsays.Thestage,theofarefarInofwetoa“bi-literate”society—oneboththeword.fullcircuitahugetothedevelopmentofourspecies.deservesourtobooksbecauseof .thethethethegrowingTheword2.growth Itcanbeconcludedfromthetwo.strengthenthepowerofourbooksbooksnotco-existusmorethoughtfulwenotathee-bookbytheD Scientistsaredebatinghowtolimittheirnewly-discoveredpowertochangegeneticstructure.Scientistsalreadymodifythegenesoffarmanimalsandagriculturalplantstomakethemmoreproductiveorstronger.Butnowtheycanalsochangegenesinwildanimalsandplants.Thesegeneswouldcontinueintolatergenerations.Forexample,itmaybepossibleforscientiststoremovefromexistencethekindofmosquitoesthatcarrytheZikavirus.Theymightalsobeabletopermanentlyremovespeciesofplantsandanimalsthataredestructivetootherspecies. Inareportpublishedlastweek,theU.S.NationalAcademiesofSciences,EngineeringandMedicine(NAS)saiditsupportscontinuedresearchonthiskindofgenecontrol.Butitwarnedthatitisnotpossibletoknowwhatwillhappenwhenthesechangedplantsandanimalsarereleasedintothewild. Sixteenbiologists,ethicists(倫理學(xué)家)andpolicymakersareonanNAScommitteethatisexaminingtheissue.Theysaythatthereisvaluetothenewtechnology.But,theysay,thereisnotenoughevidencetosupportthereleaseofmodifiedorganisms(生物體)fromthelaboratoryintonature. Manypeoplewouldsupportstoppingmosquitoesandratsfromcarryingdiseases.Butscientistssaywemustunderstandthepossiblescientific,ethical,legalandsocialresultsofsuchactionbeforewedecidewhethertotakeit.Genemodificationisspreadthroughreproduction(繁殖). Changedgeneswillcontinuetospreadaslongasananimalorplantcontinuestoreproduce.Theycannotbelimitedtoafarmorkeptwithinacountry’sborders.Scientistsarewonderingwhatmayhappenifamodifiedorganismmateswithanotherspecies.Theyarenotyetsurehowthemodifiedgeneswouldaffecttheotherspecies.Itispossiblethatthosegenescouldharmthosecreaturesorevenleadtotheirdisappearancefromourplanet.Whatpossibleadvantagedoesgenecontrolinwildanimalsandplantshave?A.Makingallthespeciesmoreproductiveandstronger.B.ChangingtheZikaviruspermanently. C.Removingthedestructivespeciesforever. D.Havingchangedgenesintheirnextgenerations.33．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage? A.Scientistsarenotsurewhatexactresultsgenemodificationleadsto. B.Scientistswon’tmodifyanygenesbeforetheymakethefinaldecision. C.Genemodificationhasbenefitedsomefarmanimalsandagriculturalplants. D.Scientistshavenotappliedgenemodificationtowildanimalsandplantsincaseofpossibledanger.34．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthepassage? A.Stopresearchongenecontrol B.Poweranddangerofgenecontrol C.Howtochangegeneticstructure D.Advantagesofgenecontrolinwildanimalsandplants35.Asforgeneticallychangedwildanimalsandplants,whatarescientistsworriedabout?A.Theirgenesmayspreadtolatergenerations.B.Theymaybemoreproductive.C.Theymaycausedamagetotheirlivinghabitat.D.Theymaybecomeweakerordieout.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）項(xiàng)。ScienceofRisk-Seekingweatteunnecessaryworthbecausewhenwethethetheseemsworthtaking.36Someofussurprisescaretheofsaytodowithourwork.Thereasonwhyofustodowithwereor37theofwasfromonetotheupwithasenseaforSowhyaren’tweoutof200,000muchoneAfewwithastay-in-the-caveaarangecharacterSoyoucaroryouit.38whereyouareonthesayyouryour39youdoyouryouroftensomerisks,youryourfor40theapartofthetofortherestofus,apartofthetobecomestostudytheoftothethewavesortheoftheA.ThosearetheyoutoB.Itonyourcharacter.wearenotthesamereferencestandardtorewards.researchsuggestsourworkwhenwefaceanervousthoseachanceofFThus,thesebecausewerethewhenyoustarttomoveoutofyourtheworld.第三部分英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共三節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié) 完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分；滿分30分）RunningforaDreamIneverforgetItwaswasthe41myIsoweforthreeyears.offaceschurchschoolmyTheycomeIsawworryonmyfthrsface.ThentheraceForthefirstaI44.IsoTheweeksuptotheracewith45astricthadn’tseenmebutthe46toaofmyraces,I47outtheIthemystrengthovertookprematurespeed.ThenwithoutmytoNeckwithoneofgreatestcompetitors,I48seetheIthedash49whenmyweakmyIdo50myIwatchedrunnersby51ImyvictorywereItothemyofthe52Ionmyhnsndknsndcrwd(爬),nchbynch,rosthefnshn.ocs,bohcheeredmeon.TheymethecouragetotheveryThedoctorswerethereseconds,butmythecrowdforTherewasonepersonIwantedto55Iwhispered,“I’msososorryI56you.”eookdtm,syng,oucoudnvrdsppontm.Somtmsthsethngsust57.youyourbest.”weso58.ourreachedformyyouknowyouaremycomeItwasn’tbeforemyshoeswerebackon,a59IofthethethethemyIwerenota60.Ithough,wastoIthegreatesthewon.weather across to for coldnessproud nervous Practicesprograms sacrificemove start comemust If confidence strength trustrough refer boredchange hardrough narrowwish duty racespeed第卷語(yǔ)法填空（共10小題，每小題1.5分；滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Youaretwenty-oneyearsoldandliveahappyandpeacefullife.61oneday,yourdoctortellsyouthatyouhaveaseriousdiseaseandwilldiesoon.Whatwouldyoudo?62(probable)mostofusmightfeelverysadandgiveupourdreamsandhopesforthefuture.Hereis63thegreatscientist,StephenHawking,did.Hawkingwasn’t64(discourage)becauseofhisphysicalcondition.65,hewentonwithhisstudyoftheuniverse.In2002,HawkingwasinvitedtoChina.HetoldChinesestudentsabouthistheoriesandthoughts66someofthegreatestquestions:whatistime,howtheuniversebegan,andwhatareblackholes.Heimpressedtheaudiencewithhishumor,confidenceandofcoursehis67(wise).Hawkingbecamefamousintheearly1970s.In1988,hewroteABriefHistoryofTime,in68heexplaineddifficulttheoriesinasimpleway.Thebook69(sell)wellsinceitcameout.StephenHawkingisamanwithastrongwillandheisregardedasthe70(great)mindinphysicssinceAlbertEinstein.第四部分寫(xiě)作（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處，每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：把缺詞處加個(gè)漏字符號(hào)∧，并在其下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫(xiě)出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第處起）不計(jì)分。Growingupatown,seemstoaofformertherewhichtheof1