學(xué)霸學(xué)習(xí)提醒一、課本是最好的老師。要注重基礎(chǔ)，反復(fù)研讀課本，鞏固基礎(chǔ)知識。二、要養(yǎng)成良好的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣。良好的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣是高效率掌握知識的保障。三、要保持良好的學(xué)習(xí)狀態(tài)，自信踏實(shí)，刻苦努力，以飽滿的精神迎接新一天的挑戰(zhàn)。四、課堂上：專心聽講是第一位。事實(shí)證明，自以為是的確是不好的習(xí)慣。同樣的例題，自己看懂與聽老師講懂是完全不同的兩種效果。五、建議同學(xué)們在課外多投入些時間做題，并且要從心里重視數(shù)學(xué)。還應(yīng)該準(zhǔn)備一個錯題本，老老實(shí)實(shí)地將每次錯過的題抄在上面，并寫上正確的解題思路，變不懂為精通。特別提醒：請學(xué)習(xí)稍差的同學(xué)一定不要放棄，哪怕到最后一學(xué)期，也不能放棄。只要按照老師說的去做，只要塌實(shí)地付出了，就一定會有奇跡出現(xiàn)。永遠(yuǎn)不要放棄拼搏，因?yàn)槠孥E只發(fā)生在相信奇跡存在的人身上?。?！第1頁/共18頁

2018學(xué)年第一學(xué)期徐匯區(qū)學(xué)習(xí)能力診斷卷

高三英語試卷2018.122018學(xué)年第一學(xué)期徐匯區(qū)學(xué)習(xí)能力診斷卷

高三英語試卷考生注意：.考試時間120分鐘，試卷滿分140分。.本考試設(shè)試卷和答題紙兩部分。所有答題必須涂（選擇題）或?qū)懀ǚ沁x擇題）在答題紙上，做在試卷上一律不得分。.答題前，務(wù)必在答題紙上填寫準(zhǔn)考證號和姓名，并將核對后的條形碼貼在指定位置上，在答題紙反面清楚地填寫姓名。I.ListeningComprehensionSectionAShortConversationsDirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.A.Ataspecialparty.C.Atanightclub.A.Ataspecialparty.C.Atanightclub.A.Finland. B.Egypt.A.Camping. B.Travelling.A.SheisalsoafanofArgentina.C.ShelovesAmericanfootballsomuch.A.Shethrewsomethingatatruck.C.Shemovedatrucktosavealittleboy.A.Theyplannedtogoskiingintherain.C.Theywillprobablychangetheirmind.A.Lisalikesthemessysituation.C.HeandLisaaresettlingaproblem.A.Theladyshouldstopbeingpatient.C.Theladyshouldnotblameothers.D.Atafashionshow.C.Mexico.D.Zambia.Sporting.D.Shopping.Sheisalsoworkingveryhard.SheworksfortheWorldCup.B.ShethrewherselfoutofwindowandbrokeherlegD.Sherushedtoamovingtrucktosaveakid.B.Theyjustwanttograbthechance.D.They,llgoskiingevenintherain.B.Lisamadethemess.D.Lisalikesthenewplace.B.Hecan,tunderstandthelady,sfeeling.D.Nobodymaybeinterestedinherproblem.第2頁/共18頁

A.CertaingiftfromHawaii.C.TwoplaneticketstoHawaii.A.CertaingiftfromHawaii.C.TwoplaneticketstoHawaii.A.Theywenttoseeamovie.C.Thewomanisalsoadancer.B.Agrandweddingparty.D.Apictureofthemoon.B.Thedancersimpressedthemboth.D.Themaninvitedtheladytotheshow.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillhearseverallongerconversation(s)andshortpassage(s),andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachoftheconversation(s)andthepassage(s).Theconversation(s)andthepassage(s)willbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.A.Aircraftdesign. B.Mathematics. C.Engineering. D.Science.A.40. B.14. C.4. D.0.A.Shestucktostudyingengineeringatcollege.Sheaddressedtostudentsathighschoolsandcolleges.Shetriedtopersuadewomennottodoengineeringforitshardwork.Sheresearcheddefensesystemsofsatellitesandrockets.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.A.TheSouthAtlanticOcean. B.ThecoastofSouthAmerica.C.Africancontinent. D.ThecoastofAngola.A.Hestudiesthesimilaritiesbetweenancientandmodernanimals.Hediscoverstheremainsofancientseaanimalsonthecoast.HestudiesthecauseofseparationofSouthAmericaandAfrica.Hehelpsdothearrangementoftheancientanimalremainsinamuseum.A.Becausetheremainswereexposedonthecoast.Becausetheseanimalsusedtoliveclosetoeachotherinoneplace.Becausetheseanimalsweredriventooneplaceandkilled.Becausetheseanimalswerealleatenbyonelarge,fierceancientseaanimal.Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.A.Asavingaccountinasinglename.C.Acheckingaccountinasinglename.A.Asavingaccountinasinglename.C.Acheckingaccountinasinglename.A.4.B.3 C.2A.Theladyandherbrothersorsisters.Theladyandherfather.B.Asavingaccountinjointnames.Acheckingaccountinjointnames.D.1B.Thelady'sparents.D.Theladyandhermother.第3頁/共18頁A.Identificationpaper,photograph,aletterofintroductionandsomemoney.Identificationpaper,someclarifications,aletterofintroductionandsomemoney.Aletterofintroduction,photographs,acheckbookandsomemoney.Drivinglicense,identificationpaper,photos,andaletterofintroduction.GrammarandvocabularySectionADirections：Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.TheBattleofChancellorsville,oneofthemostfamousbattlesoftheCivilWar,tookplaceinVirginiainthespringof1863.Formonths,thetwoarmieshadbeenstayingonoppositebanksofanarrowriver.TheConfederate(南方聯(lián)盟)troopswereledbyperhaps(21)(honored)militaryactician(戰(zhàn)略家)inAmericanhistory,GeneralRobertE.Lee.TheUnion(北方聯(lián)盟)soldierswereledby“Fighting”JoeHooker.Inappearance,personality,andlifestyle,thesemenwerenearlyperfectopposites.Lee,anoldermaninpoorhealthwithagraybeard,hadasolemn,measuredcharacter.Hookerwasablond,broad-shoulderedyoungman(22)prideoverhisappearancewasbutoneaspectofhisself-centeredness.WhereasLeewasloyalandprincipled,Hookerwasknownforhisrollickingenjoymentofbothwomenandwhiskey.DespitethefactthattheConfederacy(23)(win)thelastfourmajorbattlesandtheUnionsoldierswerestarving,(24)(exhaust)anddemoralized,Hookerproclaimed,“Myplansareperfect.AndwhenIstarttocarrythemout,(25)GodhavemercyonBobbyLee,forIshallhavenone.”WhywasHookersoconfident?Hookerhadusedspies,analysts,andevenhotairballoonstocompileavastamountofintelligenceaboutLee,sarmy.Hehadalreadybeenaware,forexample,(26)Leehadonly61,000mentoHooker,sown134,000.Supportedbyhissuperiornumbers,Hookersecretlymoved70,000ofhismenfifteenmilesupandacrosstheriver,andthenorderedthemtosneakbackdowntopositionthemselves(27)Lee,sarmy.Ineffect,HookerhadcutofftheConfederatesoldiersinfrontandbehind.Theyweretrapped.Satisfiedwithhisadvantage,HookerbecameconvincedthatLee,sonlyoptionwastoretreattoRichmond,thus(28)(assure)aUnionvictory.YetLee,despitehisdisadvantagesofbothnumbersandposition,didnotretreat.Instead,hemovedhistroopsintopositiontoattack.UnionsoldierswhotriedtowarnHookerthatLeewasontheoffensive(29)(dismiss)ascowards.HavingbecomeconvincedthatLeehadnochoicebut (30)第4頁/共18頁(retreat),Hookerbegantoignorereality.WhenLee,sarmyattackedtheUnionsoldiersat5:00p.m.,theywereeatingsupper,completelyunpreparedforbattle.TheyabandonedtheirriflesandfledasLee'stroopscameshriekingoutofthebrush,bayonetsdrawn.Againstallodds,LeewontheBattleofChancellorsville,andHooker,sforceswithdrewindefeat.SectionBDirections：Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed. A.inadequateB.repeatedlyC.processD.achieveE.directedF.reactionsG.raisingH.eliminateI.characterizedJ.immediateK.mechanismThehumanbodycantolerateonlyasmallrangeoftemperature,especiallywhenthepersonisengagedinvigorousactivity.Heat(31)usuallyoccurwhenlargeamountsofwaterand/orsaltarelostthroughoversweatingfollowingexhaustingexercise.Whenthebodybecomesoverheatedandcannot(32)thisoverheatedness,heatexhaustionandheatstrokearepossible.Heatexhaustionisgenerally(33)bysweatyskin,tiredness,sickness,dizziness,plentifulsweating,andsometimesfainting,resultingfroma(n)(34)intakeofwaterandthelossoffluids.Firstaidtreatmentforthisconditionincludeshavingthevictimliedown,(35)thefeet8to12inches,applyingcool,wetclothstotheskin,andgivingthevictimsipsofsaltwater(1teaspoonperglass,halfaglassevery15minutes)overa1-hourperiod.Heatstrokeismuchmoreserious;itisa(n)(36)life-threateningsituation.Thecharacteristicsofheatstrokeareahighbodytemperature(whichmayreach106°Formore);arapidpulse;hot,dryskin;andablockedsweating(37).Victimsofthisconditionmaybeunconscious,andfirst-aidmeasuresshouldbe(38)atquicklycoolingthebody.Thevictimshouldbeplacedinatubofcoldwateror(39)spongedwithcoolwateruntilhisorhertemperatureissufficientlylowered.Fansorairconditionerswillalsohelpwiththecooling(40).Careshouldbetaken,however,nottoover-chillthevictimoncethetemperatureisbelow102°F.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Forcenturies,timewasmeasuredbythepositionofthesunwiththeuseofsundials.Noonwasrecognizedwhenthesunwasthehighestinthesky,andcitieswouldsettheirclockbythisapparent(41)time,eventhoughsomecitieswouldoftenbeonaslightlydifferenttime.DaylightSavingTime(DST),sometimescalledsummertime,was(42)tomakebetteruseofdaylight.Thus,clocksare第5頁/共18頁setforwardonehourinthespringtomoveanhourofdaylightfromthemorningtotheeveningandthensetbackonehourinthefalltoreturnto(43)daylight.BenjaminFranklinfirstconceivedtheideaofdaylightsavingduringhistermasanAmericandelegateinParisin1784andwroteaboutit(44)inhisessay,“AnEconomicalProject.”ItissaidhatFranklinawokeearlyonemorningandwassurprisedtoseethesunlightatsuchanhour.Alwaysthe(45),Franklinbelievedthepracticeofmovingthetimecouldsaveontheuseofcandlelight,ascandleswereexpensiveatthetime.InEngland,builderWilliamWillett(1857-1915)becameastrongsupporterforDaylightSavingTimeuponnoticingblinds(百葉窗)ofmanyhouseswere(46)onanearlysunnymorning.Willetbelievedeveryone,includinghimself,wouldappreciatelongerhoursoflightintheevenings.In1909,SirRobertPearce(47)abillintheHouseofCommonstomakeitobligatory(義務(wù))to(48)theclocks.AbillwasdraftedandintroducedintoParliamentseveraltimesbutmetwithgreatopposition,mostlyfromfarmers.(49),in1925,itwasdecidedthatsummertimeshouldbeginonthedayfollowingthethirdSaturdayinAprilandcloseafterthefirstSaturdayinOctober.TheU.S.CongresspassedtheStandardTimeActof1918toestablishstandardtimeand(50)andsetDaylightSavingTimeacrossthecontinent.Thisactalsodevised(制定)fivetime(51)throughouttheUnitedStates:Eastern,Central,Mountain,Pacific,andAlaska.Thefirsttimezonewasseton“themeanastronomicaltimeoftheseventy-fifthdegreeoflongitudewestfromGreenwich”(England).In1919,thisactwasabandoned.PresidentRooseveltestablishedyear-roundDaylightSavingTime(alsocalledWarTime)from1942-1945.However,afterthisperiod,eachstate(52)itsownDST,whichprovedtobe(53)totelevisionandradiobroadcastingandtransportation.In1966,PresidentLyndonJohnsoncreatedtheDepartmentofTransportationandsignedtheUniformTimeAct.Asaresult,theDepartmentofTransportationwasgiventheresponsibilityforthetimelaws.Duringtheoilembargo(禁運(yùn))andenergycrisisofthe1970s,PresidentRichardNixon(54)DSTthroughtheDaylightSavingTimeEnergyActof1973toconserveenergyfurther.Thislawwas(55)in1986,andDaylightSavingTimewasresettobeginonthefirstSundayinApril(tospringahead)andendonthelastSundayinOctober(tofallback).41.A.popularB.solarC.particularD.singular42.A.employedB.evaluatedC.distributedD.contributed43.A.fruitfulB.fullC.beautifulD.normal44.A.negativelyB.alternativelyC.extensivelyD.aggressively45.A.journalistB.physicistC.chemistD.economist46.A.closedB.openedC.fixedD.installed47.A.introducedB.restrictedC.donatedD.deleted48.A.stopB.adjustC.windD.mend49.A.PermanentlyB.EventuallyC.UnfortunatelyD.Theoretically50.A.reserveB.persevereC.preserveD.observe51.A.placesB.districtsC.zonesD.territories52.A.interruptedB.temptedC.importedD.adopted第6頁/共18頁

A.pleasingA.extendedA.assembledB.confusingA.pleasingA.extendedA.assembledB.confusingB.affordedB.combinedC.convincingC.abandonedC.abusedD.comfortingD.defendedD.modifiedSectionBDirections：Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.AThelivesoftheAncientGreeksrevolved（運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)）aroundEris,aconceptbywhichtheydefinedtheuniverse.Theybelievedthattheworldexistedinaconditionofopposites.Iftherewasgood,thentherewasevil；iftherewaslove,thentherewashatred;joy,thensorrow;war,thenpeace;andsoon.TheGreeksbelievedthatgoodErisoccurredwhenoneheldabalancedoutlookonlifeandcopedwithproblemsastheyarose.Itwasakindofeaseoflivingthatcamefromtryingtobringtogetherthegreatopposingforcesinnature.BadEriswasevidentintheviolentconditionsthatruledmen,slives.Althoughthesethingswerefoundinnatureandsometimescouldnotbecontrolled,itwasbelievedthatbadErisoccurredwhenoneignoredaproblem,lettingitgrowlargeruntilitdestroyednotonlythatperson,buthisfamilyaswell.TheAncientGreekssawErisasagoddess:Eris,theGoddessofDiscord,betterknownasTrouble.OnemyththatexpressesthisconceptofbadErisdealswiththemarriageofKingPeleusandtherivergoddessThetis.Zeus,thesupremeruler,learnsthatThetiswouldbearachildstrongenoughtodestroyitsfather.Notwantingtofatherhisownruin,ZeusconvincesThetistomarryahumanmortal（凡人）whosechildcouldneverchallengethegods.Hepromisesher,amongotherthings,thegreatestweddinginallofHeavenandEarthandallowsthecoupletoinvitewhomevertheyplease.ThisisoneofthefirstmixedmarriagesofGreekMythologyandthelessonlearnedfromitstillappliestoday.Theydoinviteeveryone...exceptEris,theGoddessofDiscord.Inotherwords,insteadoffacingtheproblemsbroughtonbyamixedmarriage,theyturntheirbacksonthem.Theyrefusedtodealdirectlywiththeirproblemsandtheresultistragic.Inherfury（狂怒），Erisarrives,ruinsthewedding,causesajealousargumentbetweenthethreemajorgoddessesoveragoldenapple,andsetsinplacetheconditionsthatleadtotheTrojanWar.Thewarwouldtakeplace20yearsinthefuture,butitwouldresultinthedeathoftheonlychildofthebrideandgroom,Achilles.Eriswoulddestroytheparents,hopesfortheiifuture,leavingthecouplewithnolegalheirs（繼承人）tothethrone.Hence,whenwearetold,“Ifyoudon,tinvitetrouble,troublecomes,”itmeansthatifwedon,tdealwithourproblems,ourproblemswilldealwithus...witharevenge!ItiseasytoseewhytheGreeksconsideredmanyoftheirmythslearningmyths,forthisoneteachesusthebestwaytodefeatthatwhichcandestroyus.BadErisisdefinedinthepassageasA.theviolentconditionsoflife. B.theproblemsmanencounters.C.theevilgoddesswhohasagoldenapple. D.themurdererofgenerations.第7頁/共18頁ZeusmarriedThetisoffbecauseheneededtobuytheloyaltyofagreatkingofmankind.hefearedthegodswouldcreatebadErisbycompetingoverher.hefearedtheTrojanWarwouldbefoughtoverher.hefearedbeingafatherofaboywhowouldkillhiminthefuture.ZeusdidnotfearachildofKingPeleusbecauseheknewthatthechildcouldnotclimbMt.Olympusandmanagetokillagod.heknewthatthechildwouldbekilledintheTrojanWarwhichwouldhappenin20years.heknewthatnomatterhowstrongamortalchildwas,hecouldn,toverthrowanimmortalgod.heknewthatThetiswouldalwayslovehimaboveeveryoneelse.Whatdoesthemythinthepassagewanttotellus?Donotconsideramixedmarriage.Donotangerthegods.Donotignoretheproblemsthatariseinlife.Donottakemythsseriously.BTheNationalStorytellingYouthOlympicsisaneventwherethousandsofkidsfromgrades6to12competeagainsteachotherbytellingstories.ItissponsoredbytheMaster,sDegreeProgiminReadingandStorytellingatEastTennesseeStateUniversity.Thesolepurposeofthiseventistopromoteandencourageboththeartandscienceofstorytellingamongmiddleschoolandhighschoolstudents.Althoughthiseventiscompetitive,itsunderlyingintentandgoalistoprovidestudentsacrossthenationwithareasontopracticenumerousnoncompetitiveskills.Thoseskillsincludeskillfulsportsmanship,responsiblebehavior,andanattitudeofrespectforothersandthestorytellinggenre.TheeventualgoaloftheNationalStorytellingYouthOlympicsistoencourageeveryclassroominAmericatodiscover(orrediscover)thebeautyofstorytellingandstoryperformance.TheNationalStorytellingYouthOlympicstakesplaceusuallyaroundthefirstweekendinMarch.Studentsfromalloverthecountryarrivebybus,plane,orautomobileinJohnsonCity,Tennessee.TheyusuallyarriveonThursdayorFriday.ThosethatarriveonThursdaytakeadvantageoftheirearlyarrivalbytellingstoriesatlocalschools.OnFriday,aneveningmealispreparedforallcontestants,coaches,andparents.Gamesareplayed,storiesaretold,andlifetimefriendshipsbegin.Saturdayisthedayofthebigevent.Aluncheon(午餐會)isheldintheafternoonsocontestantscanfamiliarizethemselveswiththesurroundingsanddoasoundcheck.Theeventisdividedintothreecategoriesseparatedbygrades.Contestantsarejudgednotonlybytheirstorytellingperformance,butalsobytheattitudeandbehaviortheydisplayduringtheentireweekend.Awinnerispickedfromeachofthethreecategories;however,thereisanoverallwinnerwhoisgrantedthenameofGrandTorchBearer.Thispersonisselectednotonlybythejudges,butalsobythecontestants.Afterthewinnershavebeenannounced,thecontestantsretreatbacktotheirhotelwhereacelebratoryicecreampartyisheld;andbelieveitornot,theytellmorestories!ThisiswhattheNationalStorytellingYouthOlympicsisallabout:developingalovefortheartofstorytelling.第8頁/共18頁WhichofthefollowingsetsofwordsbestdescribestheGrandTorchBearer?A.competitive,ambitious,talented B.respectful,responsible,skilledC.athletic,determined,creative D.imaginative,individualistic,pessimisticWhywouldsomeoneMOSTLIKELYchoosetoattendtheNationalStorytellingYouthOlympics?Torefinestorytellingskillswhilemeetingnewfriends.Tocompetefiercelywiththebeststorytellersinthecountry.Toearnmoneyandfame.Todevelopone,spersonalskillinlectureonly.Whenisdinnerpreparedforallcontestants,coaches,andparents?A.Wednesday. B.Friday. C.Thursday. D.Saturday.CPhilosophyofEducationisalabelappliedtothestudyofthepurpose,process,natureandidealsofeducation.Itcanbeconsideredabranchofbothphilosophyandeducation.Educationcanbedefinedastheteachingandlearningofspecificskills,andtheimpartingofknowledge,judgmentandwisdom,andissomethingbroaderthanthesocietalinstitutionofeducationweoftenspeakof.Manyeducationalistsconsideritaweakandimprecisefield,toofarremovedfromthepracticalapplicationsoftherealworldtobeuseful.ButphilosophersdatingbacktoPlatoandtheAncientGreekshavegiventheareamuchthoughtandemphasis,andthereislittledoubtthattheirworkhashelpedshapethepracticeofeducationoverthemillennia.Platoistheearliestimportanteducationalthinker,andeducationisanessentialelementinTheRepublic”（hismostimportantworkonphilosophyandpoliticaltheory,writtenaround360B.C.）.Init,headvocatessomeratherextrememethods:removingchildrenfromtheirmothers,careandraisingthemaswardsofthestate,anddifferentiatingchildrensuitabletothevariouscastes（社會等級）,thehighestreceivingthemosteducation,sothattheycouldactasguardiansofthecityandcareforthelessable.Hebelievedthateducationshouldbeholistic（全面的），includingfacts,skills,physicaldiscipline,musicandart.Platobelievedthattalentandintelligenceisnotdistributedgeneticallyandthusistobefoundinchildrenborntoallclasses,althoughhisproposedsystemofselectivepubliceducationforaneducatedminorityofthepopulationdoesnotreallyfollowademocraticmodel.Aristotleconsideredhumannature,habitandreasontobeequallyimportantforcestobecultivatedineducation,theultimateaimofwhichshouldbetoproducegoodandvirtuouscitizens.Heproposedthatteachersleadtheirstudentssystematically,andthatrepetitionbeusedasakeytooltodevelopgoodhabits,第9頁/共18頁unlikeSocrates,emphasisonquestioninghislistenerstobringouttheirownideas.Heemphasizedthebalancingofthetheoreticalandpracticalaspectsofsubjectstaught,amongwhichheclearlymentionsreading,writing,mathematics,music,physicaleducation,literature,history,andawiderangeofsciences,aswellasplay,whichhealsoconsideredimportant.DuringtheperiodofMiddleAge,theideaofPerennialismwasfirstformulatedbySt.ThomasAquinasinhiswork“DeMagistro”.Perennialismholdsthatoneshouldteachthosethingsdeemedtobeofeverlastingimportancetoallpeopleeverywhere,namelyprinciplesandreasoning,notjustfacts(whichareapttochangeovertime),andthatoneshouldteachfirstaboutpeople,notmachinesortechniques.Itwasoriginallyreligiousinnature,anditwasonlymuchlaterthatatheoryofworldlyPerennialismdeveloped.DuringtheRenaissance(文藝復(fù)興)，theFrenchdoubterMicheldeMontaigne(1533-1592)wasoneofthefirsttocriticallylookateducation.Unusuallyforhistime,Montaignewaswillingtoquestiontheconventionalwisdomoftheperiod,callingintoquestionthewholestructureoftheeducationalsystem,andtheassumptionthatuniversity-educatedphilosopherswerenecessarilywiserthanuneducatedfarmworkers,forexample.Whydomanyeducationistsconsiderphilosophya‘weakandimprecisefield,?Itisthepracticalapplicationsoftherealworld.Itstheoreticalconceptsareeasilyunderstood.Itisirrelevantforeducation.Itisnotpracticallyapplicable.WhatisthedifferencebetweentheapproachesofSocratesandAristotle?Aristotlefelttheneedforrepetitiontodevelopgoodhabitsinstudents;Socratesfeltthatstudentsneedtobeconstantlyquestioned.Aristotlefelttheneedforrote-learning;Socratesemphasizedondialogiclearning.Therewasnodifference.Aristotleemphasizedontheimportanceofpayingattentiontohumannature;Socratesemphasizeduponscience.Accordingtothepassage,theunderlinedword“Perennialism”mostprobablyreferstosomethingA.thatisunnecessary. B.thatisofceaselessimportance.C.thatisabstractandtheoretical. D.thatexistsnomore.WhydidAquinasproposeamodelofeducationwhichdidnotlaymuchemphasisonfacts?Factsarenotimportant.Factsdonotleadtoholisticeducation.Factschangewiththechangingtimes.第10頁/共18頁D.Factsarefrozenintime.SectionCDirections：Readthepassagecarefully.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.Thesequestionsmaywellgetclearerandclearerduringtheprocessofacademicwriting.Theintroductionshouldfunctionasthehookwhichdrawsthereaderinandholdshisattention.Itisaformalskill,whichrequiresprecisionandaccuracy,andisperfectedbycontinuousanddedicatedpractice.Ifoneishesitanttoanswerevenoneoftheaforementionedquestions,onehadbetternotwriteatall!Itmaytakeoneaconsiderableperiodoftimetoknowtheskillsofacademicwriting,evenlongafterhis/hercollegegraduation.Itisatime-consumingactivityanddemandspatienceandperseverance.Theartofacademicwritingisnoteasytomaster.(67)Academicwritingistheskilfulexpositionandexplanationofanargument,whichthewriterhascarefullyresearchedanddevelopedoverasustainedperiodoftime.(68)Butthejoyofreadingandsharingwithothers,one,ssuccinctlycomposedpieceofgument,isincomparable.Beforebeginningtowrite,thewritermustaskhimselfafewquestions-WhyamIwriting?WhatisitthatIintendtosharewithothers?Whatpurposewillmywritingserve?HaveIreadenoughaboutthetopicorthemeaboutwhichIamgoingtowrite?(69)Becauseacademicwritingisaseriousactivity-itmakesonepartofasharedcommunityofreadersandwriterswhowishtodisseminateandlearnfromwell-arguedpiecesofwriting.Thestructureofanargumentativeessayshouldtaketheformof-Introduction(whichshouldbearoundtenpercentoftheentireessay),Body(itshouldconstituteeightypercentofthepiece)andtheConclusion(again,tenpercentoftheessay).(70)Thebodyshouldincludecogentandcoherentlylinkedparagraphsandtheconclusionshouldre-statetheargumentandofferasubstantialendingtothepiece.SummaryWriting第11頁/共18頁Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.WhatstartedasaracetospacebetweentheUnitedStatesandRussiahasturnedouttobeatechnologicalrevolutionthathasgreatlyimprovedthequalityofdailylifethroughouttheworld.ScientistsattheNationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministration(NASA)haveinventednewtechnologytomakespaceflightsdoable.Thesametechnology,whenappliedonEarth,hasproducedthousandsofproductsintheareasofhealthandsportsthathavesignificantimpactsonourlives.Manyoftheseimprovementsareinthefieldsofhealthandmedicine.NASA-inspiredtechnologyfueledthegreatadvancesintheearlydetectionofdeadlydiseases.Forinstance,computerchipsdesignedfortheHubbletelescopeareusedindigitalimagingdevicesthathelpmedicalprofessionalsdetectcanceratveryearlystages.Eyedoctorscannowdiagnosevisionproblemsinveryyoungchildrenbyusingocularscreening.Ultrasoundscanners,portablex-raydevices,andboneanalyzersareamongthemedical